"Women's Way of Knowing," here are some caption ideas for your slides: Slide 1: Introduction "Exploring Women's Unique Pathways to Knowledge" Slide 2: Historical Perspectives "Tracing Women's Ways of Knowing Through History" Slide 3: Cultural Influences "Cultural Contexts Shaping Women's Ways of Knowing" Slide 4: Personal Narratives "Voices of Experience: Women's Personal Journeys to Knowledge" Slide 5: Intersectionality "Intersecting Identities: How Race, Class, and Gender Shape Women's Knowing" Slide 6: Feminist Epistemology "Reframing Knowledge: Feminist Perspectives on Epistemology" Slide 7: Intuition and Emotion "Beyond Rationality: Exploring Intuition and Emotion in Women's Knowing" Slide 8: Experiential Wisdom "The Wisdom of Experience: Learning from Women's Lived Realities" Slide 9: Challenges and Resilience "Navigating Obstacles: Challenges and Resilience in Women's Knowing" Slide 10: Empowerment and Action "From Knowing to Doing: Empowering Women Through Knowledge" Slide 11: Conclusion "Embracing Diversity: Celebrating Women's Multifaceted Ways of Knowing"

1. Title: Women’s Ways of
knowing
Presented By: Fida Ali
M.Phil.
(First semester) Roll No: 04
Submitted To: Dr. Sajjad Ahmad
Session: 2023-24
Department of LIS at University of Peshawar
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2. Women’s Ways of
knowing
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3. What is this
theory
about?
Where you come from
Who your people are
Your gender
Your identity
Your race
Your belief
Your early life
experiences
Your exposure to the
word
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4. Women’s Way of knowing
(WWK)
 WWK acknowledges that
gender, as a major social
historical, and political
category, affects the life
choices of all women in all
communities and cultures
 Research Questions: How
were Western social,
constructions of gender
and authority affecting
women ‘sense of self,
voice, and mind? ‘’
(Goldberger, 1996, p.4).
 WWK theory was
developed with intent to
“describe not just different
ways women know, but
how women (in the United
States) are socialized to
know and how they
respond to socializing
forces ‘’ (Goldberger,
1996, p.8).
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5. What is Women’s Ways of Knowing?
 Developed collaboratively and fist articulated by
Belenky, Clinchy , Goldberger and Tarule in
Women’s Ways Knowing: The development of
self, voice and mind ( Belenky et al., 1986). “to
bring attentions to the missing voice of women in
our theories of how people know and Learn
‘’(Goldberger 1996,p.3).
 Developed with Expected uptake in the psychology
and women’s studies literature as a contribution to
social science in this topic of social construction of
knowledge and truth (Goldberger, 1996, p.2).
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6. What is Women’s Ways of
Knowing?
Harding (1996) holds that
‘’some resource for
generating knowledge
clearly are available
primarily for those in
powerful positions in a
culture “
‘’others resources are
generated on the margins
of any knowledge system,
and on the borderlands
between competing
knowledge systems’’
(p.448).
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7.  What did
researcher
consist of?
The focus was on the
individual and how she
constructs knowledge:
 A qualitative study of 135
women
 Focused on how these
individuals came to know
and learn
 With special consideration
of the role of affect ,
connection, and
relationship as well as
rationality in learning
and knowledge
construction in women
(Given,2012,p.3)
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8. WWK theory consist of FIVE
knowledge perspectives that
interrogate the ways that women
think about themselves,
authorities, truth, & life options
‘’ (Goldberger 1996, p.4)
05 knowledge
perspectives
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9. ‘’a position of not knowing in
which the person feels
voiceless, Powerless, and
mindless ‘’ (Goldberger, 1996,
p.4)
1. Silence
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10. ‘’ a position at which
Knowledge and authority
are construed as outside
the self and invested in
powerful and knowing
others form whom one
is expected to learn’’(
Goldberger,1996,p.4)
2. Received
Knowing
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11. ‘’in which Knowledge is
personal, private and
based on intuition and or
feeling states
Rather than on through
and articulated ideas that
are defended with
evidence” (Goldberger,
1996, p.4))
3.Subjective
Knowing
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12. ‘’the position at which
techniques and procedures
for acquiring validating and
evaluating knowledge
clams are developed and
honoured (Goldberger,
1996, .p.4)
4. Procedural
Knowing
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13. Procedural knowing is subdivided
Separate knowing
 Separate knowing
is part of procedural
knowing is
characterized by
scepticism and
distance a reasoning
against.
Connected knowing
 procedural knowing is
connected knowing is
when we reason with is
gain empathetic and
associative knowing by
entering the place of
knowledge of another.
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14.  ‘’ the position at which
truth is understood to be
contextual: Knowledge
is recognized as
tentative, not absolute:
and it is understood that
the knower ‘’ ( or
constructs the knowing
and bring the self and
personal commitment to
the centre of knowing
process (Goldberger,
1996, p.4))
5. Constructed
Knowing
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15. What different can research in Women’s
ways of knowing makes?
‘’ways of knowing theory should contribute
to a more enlightened discussion of how
‘’difference ‘’ research can rise important,
Unavoidable questions concerning how
knowledge has been defined , validated ,
and clamed in twentieth century America and
how only certain segments of population
have been empowered as valid and respected
Knowers (Goldberger, 1996, p.4))
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16. Response of WWK
‘’Among academic feminists the
WWK star has risen, fallen, and
reappeared”
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17. Controversial Response to WWK
Feminist controversy has centred on
essentialism vs. constructionism and
representation
 Essentialism is the idea that there are “enduring
,distinctive , and possibly “natural ” or
biologically based sex differences ’’
(Goldberger, 1996, p.4))
 Constructionism is when Learner use
information or skill they have to build their
knowledge, often using mental model and
active Learning.
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18. Controversial Response to
WWK
Feminist controversy has also centered on
representation , or misrepresentation of ,
Women’s ’’ experience by white feminist :
 Abida Hurtado argues that the ways of
knowing cultivated by the multiply
stigmatized poor black Female , for
example , cannot be adequately explored or
described if women are collapsed into one
group with out attention to race and class ”
(Goldberger, 1996, p.8))
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19. Women’s Ways of
Knowing can impact
IB and LIS
WWK suggest “the value of
the ‘self’ as ‘informational
as one source of help to
which people turn as they
construct their response to
world” ( Julien 1995, p.389)
“When an understanding of
‘context’ is expanded to
include the way in which
individuals construct their
own gender / class, the
applications for IB research
are truly opened’’ ( Julien
1995, p.390)
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20. Women’s Ways of
Knowing can impact IB
and LIS
 SYSTEM DESIGN
 RESEARCH
 TEACHING AND
 LEARNING
 SUBJECT
CONSTRUCT
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21. Why WWK?
 For Societies under the illusion the dominant
groups have the one true story about
themselves and the natural and social worlds
around them , WWK can Provide way of
thinking about knowledge and knowledge
acquisitions that is culturally respectful and
links family to advancing democratic social
relations” (Harding,1996.p.449
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22. Thank You
Any Questions
OR
Any Suggestions
Please Let Me Know
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