It's about adolescent health, reproductive age group female health,menopause females health and there hygiene

1. WOMEN'S HEALTH
NATIONS WEALTH
WOMEN`S HEALTH NATION`S
WEALTH

2. ADOLESCENT HEALTH
WHO DEFINES AS ANY PERSON BETWEEN 10 TO 19YRS
PUBERTY-THE STAGE OF LIFESPAN IN WHICH A CHILD DEVELOPS SECONDARY SEXUAL
CHARACTERISTICS.
AV. AGE FOR GIRLS-10-12YRS
AV. AGE FOR BOYS-12-14YRS
THERE WILL BE ATTAINMENT OF
 PHYSICAL MATURITY
 PSYCHOLOGICAL MATURITY
 SOCIAL MATURITY
 SEXUAL MATURITY

3. AM I NORMAL?
• RAPID GROWTH…. CAUSE OF CONCERN!
ADOLESCENTS HAVE A FUNDAMENTAL HUMAN RIGHT TO ACCURATE AND
COMPREHENSIVE REPRODUCTIVE AND SEXUAL HEALTH INFORMATION

4. PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN ADOLESCENTS
PERSONAL AND SOCIAL PROBLEMS
PROBLEMS OF HEALTH AND PHYSICAL (SELF ESTEEM)
SEX AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH PROBLEMS
HOME AND FAMILY RELATED PROBLEMS
EXCESSIVE DAY DREAMING
EMANCIPATION
ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCS
PEER PRESSURE
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5. ADOLESCENTS-SOME FACTS AND
PERCEPTION
ADOLESCENTS BETWEEN 10-19YR MAKE UP ONE FIFTH OF INDIA'S POPULATION
AND ALSO A POTENTIAL GROUP FOR CONTRACTING HIV
ADOLESCENT GIRLS CONSTITUTE A DISPROPORTIONATE(25%) PORTION OF THE 5
MILLION ABORTIONS PERFORMED ANNUALLY.
HIGH MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY IS ASSOCIATED WITH PUBERTAL AND
ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY.
BOYS AND GIRLS REVEAL A POOR UNDERSTANDING OF SEXUAL CHANGES WITHIN
THEM

6. WHEN SHOULD I SEE A DOCTOR?
• HAS NOT STARTED PERIOD BY THE AGE OF 15YRS
• HAS STARTED BEFORE THE AGE OF 10YRS
• ARE DELAYED OR EARLY
• ARE HEAVY(WITH CLOT) OR SCANTY
• ARE VERY PAINFUL
• IF SHE IS UNABLE TO ATTEND SCHOOL
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7. GOOD PERINEAL HYGIENE AND CLEANING
HABITS
• SAY NO TO-
o ANTISEPTIC LIQUIDS AND SOAPS
o EXCESSIVE TALCUM
o TISSUE PAPER AND PERSPIRANTS
o DEODORANT POWDERS
o TIGHT NYLON UNDERGARMENTS
GOLDEN RULE- FRONT TO BACK
AFTER URINATION OR BOWEL MOVEMENT , A GIRL SHOULD WASH AREA FROM FRONT TO
BACK AND PAT DRY

8. NUTRITION REQUIREMENTS
IN ADOLESCENT
• ENERGY-2330 KCAL(16-17YRS)
• PROTEIN
• MINERALS-CA (800MG)
• -FE(27 MG/DL)-0.5 MG/DAY LOSE BY WAY OF MENSTRUATION THEREFORE ENSURE ADEQUATE INTAKE OF
IRON
• -ZN (12 MG/ D)SUPPLEMENTS ARE HELPFUL IN TREATING PUBERTAL DELAY
• VITAMIN-B1(1.2 MG/DL)
• VITAMIN –B12(0.2 – 1 MCG/ D)
• VITAMIN – B2 (1.4 MG /D)
• NIACIN (14MG / D)
• PYRIDOXINE (2MG / D)

9. REMEMBER 5 A`S
1) ASK WHAT IS YOUR HB
2) ASK WHEN WAS IT DONE LAST
3) ASK WHAT IS THE NORMAL HB
4) ASK TO GET IT DONE RIGHT AWAY
5) ADVISE-DIET
-TABLET
-DEWORMING

10. LETS PLEDGE TO MAKE
• ANEMIA FREE INDIA
• ANEMIA FREE SCHOOL
• ANEMIA FREE FAMILY

11. REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH
• WHO DEFINES REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AS A STATE OF COMPLETE PHYSICAL ,
MENTAL AND SOCIAL WELL ,NOT MERELY THE ABSENCE OF REPRODUCTIVE
DISEASE OR INFIRMITY . REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH IS A FUNDAMENTAL
COMPONENT OF AN INDIVIDUALS OVERALL HEALTH STATUS AND CENTRAL
DETERMINANT OF QUALITY OF LIFE

12. NUTRITION IN PREGNANT WOMEN

13. REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH-PROBLEMS AND
STRATERGIES
• EARLY MARRIAGE AS SOON AS GIRL ATTAINS PUBERTY
• THE TEEN AGE GIRL IS NOT TO BEAR FOETUS
• AFTER MARRIAGE THE CAREER OF LADY IS BLOCKED IN LOT OF FAMILIES
• MATERNAL AND INFANT MORTALITY RATE ARE HIGH IN EARLY MARRIAGES
• THERE IS LITTLE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT PERSONAL HYGIENE TO AVOID SEXUALLY
TRANSMITTED DISEASES
• THERE MAY BE POPULATION EXPLOSION WITH LACK OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

14. STRATEGIES
• NUMBER OF PROGRAMS ARE LAUNCHED UNDER REPRODUCTIVE AND CHILD HEALTH
CARE,
• AWARENESS PROGRAMME ARE CONDUCTED FOR BOTH MALES AND FEMALES TO LEAD
HEALTHY REPRODUCTIVE LIFE
• AWARENESS CREATING ABOUT FERTILITY REGULATING METHOD
• AWARENESS CREATING ABOUT PERSONAL HYGIENE
• PREVENTION AND PROTECTION AGAINST STD

15. BIRTH CONTROL
• FAMILY WELFARE AND FAMILY PLANNING PROGRAMS COMES FORWARD TO AVOID
UNCONTROLLED HUMAN POPULATION EXPLOSION.
• THE CONTRACEPTION IS THE MAIN AIM OF THE BIRTH CONTROL
• PREVENTION OF CONCEPTION OR FERTILIZATION OF OVUM DURING SEXUAL INTERCOURSE IS
CALLED CONTRACEPTION . DIFFERENT TYPES ARE:
I. NATURAL METHOD
II. BARRIER METHOD
III. INTRA UTERINE DEVICE
IV. ORAL CONTRACEPTION
V. INJECTION AND IMPLANTATION
VI. SURGICAL METHODS

16. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF AN
IDEAL CONTRACEPTIVE ARE
LISTED BELOW:
• HIGHLY EFFECTIVE
• NO SIDE EFFECTS
• INDEPENDENT OF INTERCOURSE
• RAPIDLY REVERSIBLE
• CHEAP
• WIDESPREAD AVAILABILITY
• ACCEPTABLE TO ALL CULTURES AND HEALTHCARE PERSONNEL NOT REQUIRED
• EASILY DISTRIBUTED

17. SPACING METHODS
• RHYTHM METHODS
• BARRIER METHODS
• CHEMICAL METHODS
• INTRAUTERINE CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES

18. RHYTHM METHOD'S
• CALENDAR METHODS/SAFE PERIOD METHOD/NATURAL
METHOD.
• DEPEND ON TIME OF OVULATION
• DANGEROUS PERIOD-OVULATION OCCURS ON 14TH DAY
AND OVUM VIABLE FOR 48-78HRS AND SPERM REMAIN
ALIVE FOR 24-48HRS,SO PREGNANCY OCCURS IF COITUS
OCCURS IN THIS PERIOD
• SAFE PERIOD-REST OF CYCLE- I.E 5-6 DAYS AFTER
MENSTRUATION AND 5 TO 6 DAYS BEFORE NEXT CYCLE
• ADVANTAGE-MOST NATURAL
• DISADVANTAGE-MOST UNRELIABLE WHEN CYCLE ARE
IRREGULAR AND OVULATION TIME IS VARIABLE

19. BARRIER METHODS
• MECHANICAL-DIAPHRAGM-
FLEXIBLE RIM MADE UP OF SPRING.
CUP SHAPED SYNTHETIC RUBBER OR PLASTIC
INSERTED INTO VAGINA OVER THE CERVIX
CERVICAL CAP-SMALLER THAN DIAPHRAGM , APPLIED ON CERVIX ITSELF
ADVANTAGES-CHEAP, DO NOT REQUIRE MEDICAL CONSULTATION.
DISADVANTAGES-DEMONSTRATION BY TRAINED PERSON NEEDED FOR PROPER USE.
-FAILURE MOST COMMON –DUE TO DISPLACEMENT OF DEVICE.
-CERVICITIS AND LOCAL IRRITATION

20. CHEMICAL METHODS
• SPERMICIDAL AGENTS-DESTROYS SPERM
 RICINOLEIC ACID
 NANOXYNOL-9
 OCTOXYNOL-3
AVAILABLE IN DIFFERENT FORMS-FOAM TABLETS , PASTES ,
CREAMS , JELLIES AND VAGINAL SPONGES(TODAY-POLYURETHANE
SPONGE IMPREGNATED WITH NANOYMOL)
ADVANTAGES-CHEAP , WELL TOLERATED , PROVIDE GOOD
PROTECTION.
DISADVANTAGES-MESSINESS , LOCAL IRRITATION AND BURNING
SENSATION.
COMBINED

21. • LOCALLY APPLIED CHEMICALS- ANTI SPERMICIDAL (FOAM AND JELLIES)
• DRUGS
STEROIDAL- OCP AND DEPOT PREPARATION
NON STEROIDAL
STEROIDAL –OCP-RECOMMENDED IN WOMEN OF YOUNGER AGE GROUP (UPTO 35YRS)
MOA-NEGATIVE FEEDBACK EFFECT ACT ON ANTERIOR PITUITARY
INHIBIT GNRH (FSH AND LH)
INHIBIT OVULATION
TYPES
COMBINED PILL
SEQUENTIAL PILL
MINIPILL
POSTCOITAL (MORNING AFTER) PILL

22. OCP
ADVANTAGES- 100% EFFECTIVITY
DISADVANTAGES
• HYPERTENSION
• THROMBOEMBOLISM
• METABOLIC EFFECT-DIABETES OBESITY
• CARCINOGENIC EFFECT- BREAST AND CERVIX
CONTRA-INDICATIONS-WOMEN HAVING CARCINOMA OF BREAST AND UTERUS
-LIVER DISEASES
-HYPERLIPIDEMIA
-AGE GROUP ABOVE 35YRS

23. NON STEROIDAL CONTRACEPTIVES
• DEVELOPED BY CENTRAL DRUG RESEARCH INSTITUTE (CDRI)
• TRADE NAME-SAHELI
• DOSE-30MG TWICE/WEEK FOR 12 WEEKS FOLLOWED BY ONCE A WEEK.
• MOA-SUPPRESS CORPUS LUTEAL FUNCTION AND INTERFERE WITH MOTILITY OF
FALLOPIAN TUBE.
• ADVANTAGES- MENSTRUAL CYCLE REMAINS NORMAL
• COMPLETE REVERSIBILITY AFTER WITHDRAWAL.

24. IUCD

25. IUCD
• ADVANTAGES-SAFE , EFFECTIVE REVERSIBLE , EASILY PULLED OUT WHEN NOT
REQUIRED LONG TERM CONTRACEPTION WITHOUT ADVERSE EFFECT
• DISADVANTAGE-MAY CAUSE HEAVY BLEEDING
-MAY COME OUT ACCIDENTALLY
-RISK ECTOPIC PREGNANCY
CONTRAINDICATIONS-SUSPECTED PREGNANCY,PID,HEAVY MENSTRUAL
BLEEDING,SUFFERING FROM CA CERVIX

26. TERMINAL METHODS
• PERMANENT METHOD
• INDICATION-WHEN FAMILY IS COMPLETE
-MEDICAL GROUNDS
TUBECTOMY

27. ME NOT PAUSE!!
• MENOPAUSE IS AN UNAVOIDABLE CHANGE THAT EVERYNWOMAN WILL EXPERIENCE .
• DEFINITION-MENOPAUSE MEANS PERMANENT CESSATION OF MENSTRUATION AT THE END
OF REPRODUCTIVE LIFE DUE TO LOSS OF OVARIAN FOLLICULAR ACTIVITY.IT IS THE POINT
OF TIME WHEN LAST AND FINAL MENSTRUATION OCCURS.
• AGE-GENETICALLY PRE DETERMINED
• 45-55YRS AVERAGE-50YRS
PHASES OF MENOPAUSE-4 PHASES
PRE-MENOPAUSE
PERI MENOPAUSE
MENOPAUSE
POST MENOPAUSE

30. MENOPAUSAL SYMPTOMS
• VASOMOTOR SYMPTOMS
• UROGENITAL ATROPHY
• OSTEOPOROSIS AND FRACTURE
• CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE
• CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE
• PYCHOLOGICAL CHANGES
• SKIN AND HAIR
• SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION
• DEMNTIA AND CONGITIVE DECLINE

31. VASOMOTOR SYMPTOMS
• HOT FLASHES
• NIGHT SWEATS
• SLEEP DISTURBANCE

32. GENITOURINARY SYMPTOMS
• ATROPHIC CHANGES
• EPETHELIUM MORE PRONE TO DAMAGE AND INFECTION
• VAGINAL PH BECOMES ALKALINE AND NARROW INTERITUS
• INCONTINENCE OF URINE
• URGENCY
• DYSURIA

33. PYSCHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS
• IRRITABILITY
• MOOD SWINGS
• POOR MEMORY
• ANXIETY
• HEADACHE
• DEPRESSION
• DYSPHASIA

34. SKIN AND HAIR SYMPTOMS
• PURSE STRING
• CROW FEET
• LOSS OF SKIN ELASTICITY GRADUALLY
• LOSS OF PUBIC HAIR AND AXILLARY HAIR
• SLIGHT BALDNESS

35. DIAGNOSIS
• CESSATION OF MENSTRUAL CYCLE FOR CONSECUTIVE 12 MONTHS DURING
CLIMACTERIC PERIOD
• AV. AGE OF MENOPAUSE 50 YRS
• APPEARANCE OF MENOPAUSAL SYMPTOMS
• VAGINAL CYTOLOGY
• SERUM ESTRADIOL <20PG/ML
• SERUM FSH AND LH >40MIU/ML

36. MANAGEMENT
• MENOPAUSE REQUIRES NO MEDICAL TREATMENT . INSTEAD , TREATMENT FOCUS ON
RELIEVING YOUR SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS AND PREVENTING OR MANAGING CHRONIC
CONDITIONS THAT MAY OCCUR WITH AGING .
• HORMONAL THERAPHY
• THE MOST EFFECTIVE TREATMENT IN RELIEVING SYMPTOMS. AND ALSO PREVENTS BONE
LOSS
• LOW DOSE ANTI DEPRESSANTS –SSRI
• GABAPENTIN (NEURONTIN)-IS APPROVED TO TREAT SEIZURES, BUT IT HAS ALSO SHOWN
HELP REDUCE HOT FLUSHES , BETTER IN WOMEN WHO DON’T WAS ESTROGEN THERAPHY
AMD THOSE WHO HAVE MIGRAINE
• BISPHOSPHONATES-ORAL MEDICATION IS USED TO PREVENT AND TREAT
POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS BY SLOWING BONE LOSS AND INCREASING BONE MASS.
• DENOSUMAB-IS AN IV MEDICATION THAT LOWERS THE RISK OF FRACTURES AND BLOCKS
BONE LOSS

37. FACTORS AFFECTING NUTRITIONAL
STATUS OF A WOMAN
• HOUSEHOLD INCOME AND ITS UTILIZATION
• QUALITY OF THE ENVIRONMENT
• NUMBER OF SIBLING
• VULNERABILITY TO GENDER DICRIMINATION
• EDUCATIONAL LEVEL
• HER ACTIVITY STATUS AND EXPOSURE TO SOCIAL STIGMA