2. Content:
Introduction
Brief history of Special Education
Activity
Common special needs of child
Methods of Provision
Which method to choose?
Not one size fits all
Interview of Special Educator
Story of a special child
Why not segregated education for
specials
My own experience
References
3. What is Special Education?
Practice of educating students with Special needs
Addressing individual differences and needs
Designed programs for those students who are
mentally, physically, socially and/or emotionally
delayed.
Special Education programs and services adapt
content, teaching methodology and delivery
instruction to meet the appropriate needs of each
child
4. Brief History of Special Education
Prior to 1940’s
People with disabilities were excluded from society
Considered unable to learn
1940’s - 1960’s
General shift in society’s attitudes toward people with disabilities
Parent advocacy groups developed
Civil rights movement
1970’s to the present
Increase in number of court cases
Many new laws passed
Shift towards philosophy of inclusion
5. Activity…
Work in groups…
Did people with disabilities come to school?
If so, how did they receive instruction? Were they in special education
classes? Were they in the same building? Same classes as general
education students?
Did you see people with disabilities working or interacting out in the
community?
What was the general attitude towards people with disabilities?
Did you personally ever interact with someone who had a disability ?
Now think about these questions as they related to school today.
Is anything different?
6. Common special needs
learning disabilities
communication disabilities
Emotional disabilities
Behavioral disabilities
Developmental disabilities
Mentally retarded
7. Methods of provision
Inclusion: students with special needs spend all, or most of the school day
with students who do not have special needs. Because inclusion can
require substantial modification of the general curriculum, most schools
use it only for selected students with mild to moderate special needs,
which is accepted as a best practice.
Mainstreaming: practice of educating students with special needs in classes
with non-disabled students during specific time periods based on their
skills.
Segregation: in a separate classroom or special school for students with
special needs
Exclusion: A student who does not receive instruction in any school is
excluded from school
8.
9. Mainstreaming and Inclusive Education is
nightmare for teachers!!!
Others worry about the effect of mainstreaming on regular students as well as
special education students. When a special education student is in a regular
classroom, can teachers devote enough time to all students? In a survey
sponsored by the American Federation of Teachers (AFT), 60 percent of the
teachers surveyed said they could not devote enough time to special
education students. Forty-seven percent said they couldn't pay enough
attention to other students. AFT President Albert Shankar says, "Both special
education and regular education students appear to be victims of lofty ideals
and poor policy. It's unfortunate that school systems are jumping on a
bandwagon that is . . . bound to impede student achievement
10. NOT A ONE-SIZE-FITS-ALL
If we are trying to mainstream or include special Children into general
curriculum than following unexpected situation can happen:
Other students may live in fear of harm from disable students.
Children do not understand the concept of a disability.
Behavioral Problems like bullying
Regular teachers are not trained to teach these children.
Delay in understanding concepts.
Other students often have to slow down and wait for the special needs
child, how it is fair that many kids have to give up learning to benefit 1.
11.
12. Interview of a special Educator…
Is it possible for u to teach these deaf students with normal students?
This is not an easy task to do, because they can't hear, their way of learning is quite different
from the normal one. I am going to tell U with an example: They take much time to
understand and learn even a question while the normal student can learn 2 questions in
such time.
If these students are taught with normal students what will be the result?
I don't think we have to compare them with others, they have what we usually don't have
that is signs and we have the thing that they don't have and that is we can hear, that they
can't and if we do this, that is your question , I think this will be a comparison, and it's my
personal opinion about deaf that i observed is that when they come in a competition with
hearing people they start feeling that they are nothing, they will fail, they can't do this, and I
think they are happy within the people who are like them. And this is also very difficult to
teach the two different creatures together.
13. Story of a Special Child…
HELEN KELLER
Can a person completely blind and deaf from early childhood ever live in "normal
society"? Can such a person make a difference in the world? Helen Keller did.
When she was 18 months old, Helen Keller suffered from a fever that left her
completely blind and deaf. Since she was so young, her deafness prevented her from
learning to speak. But Helen overcame her disabilities after her father brought a young
teacher into her life.
Anne Sullivan, herself blind until several operations restored useful sight, taught Helen
letters and words by spelling them on the palm of her hand. Helen, however, had to
discover for herself that these words were associated with real things and ideas.
Working with Anne, Helen was able to learn how to read (using braille), write (using a
braille typewriter), and even speak.
Helen went on to graduate with honors from Radcliffe College in 1904. She then wrote
many books and articles about blindness, deafness, social issues, and women's rights.
Her works have been translated into more than 50 languages. She traveled to many
countries and was honored for her work on behalf of the disabled. When she died in
1968 at age 88, she had made an unforgettable mark on the world.
14. Why not segregated education for
Special Children?
It favors the elimination of disabled children
Foster understanding and tolerance
General curriculum for children with disabilities
specifically designed, staffed and resourced to provide appropriate special
education for children with additional needs.
To provide individualized education, addressing specific needs
Self-contained classroom
15. Cont…
Disabled students should have their needs assessed individually and be
placed in settings that will provide them with the best training for life.
The advantages of segregated classrooms, i.e., specialized training of
special education teachers, more individualized attention, and less
pressure to keep up with typical students.
Special schools will also have other facilities for children with special
needs, such as soft play areas, sensory rooms, or swimming pools, which
are necessary for treating students with certain conditions
16. Why I favor Segregated
Education?
(My own Experience)
