- The key findings from the report were that active-matrix OLED displays are now widely used in mobile devices like Samsung Galaxy phones, OLED TVs may become commercially available in 2013, and OLED lighting is struggling to gain adoption but making some progress.
- The forecast value of the OLED materials market in 2012 is $524 million growing to $940 million in 2015 and $7.4 billion by 2019, driven by growth in OLED TVs and lighting.
- The estimates for market value are based on forecasts of OLED panel shipments and calculations of material requirements and prices to coat the panels.
OLED (organic light-emitting diode) is a light-emitting diode made by placing a series of organic thin films between two conductors. When electrical current is applied, a bright light is emitted from a device that is 100 to 500 nm thick. There are different types of OLEDs including passive matrix OLEDs, active matrix OLEDs, and foldable OLEDs. OLEDs have advantages over traditional lighting like being lightweight, thin, flexible, more energy efficient, and having faster response times. However, their manufacturing processes are currently expensive and their organic materials have limited lifetimes. OLEDs are used in displays for phones, TVs, watches and can potentially replace traditional light bulbs
OLED displays provide growth opportunities from innovations like flexible and foldable screens, new form factors, transparent displays, and improved color performance. However, OLED technology is difficult and costly, taking Samsung over 10 years to reach near-cost parity with LCD. While recent moves by Apple will drive significant new OLED capacity investments, a complete conversion from LCD to OLED is unlikely due to the immense costs involved and because major display makers own both LCD and OLED fabs. Overall, OLED adoption will be modest rather than a full replacement of LCD.
This document provides an introduction to organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). It describes OLEDs as thin, flexible displays that are self-luminous and more energy efficient than LCD displays. The document discusses the components and manufacturing of OLEDs. It explains that OLEDs work by emitting light through a process called electrophosphorescence when electricity is applied. Different types of OLEDs are described, including passive matrix OLEDs best for small screens, and active matrix OLEDs more suitable for large displays. Advantages of OLEDs over LCDs are highlighted as lower power consumption, higher power efficiency, and less power needed to produce the same brightness.
Organic Light Emitting Diode works on the same principle as that of a Light emitting Diode which is Electroluminescence.
Which is a result of radiative recombination of Electrons and holes in any Semiconductor Material. These organic LEDs can be classified on several basis such as on the basis of matrix control, on the basis of type of materials used, on the basis of direction in which light exits the surface of OLED,And there several other type of OLEDs such as foldable OLED, Transparent OLED etc.
There are also many methods of manufacturing OLEDs most used of which are inkjet printing and vapor phase deposition etc.
Then finally comes the applications and advantages of this technique. As like LEDs, OLEDs also have a wide area of applications such as in VDUs, PDAs, handheld devices (Like mobile Phones, handheld Gaming consoles), and its future uses include wearable electronics. But as the coin have 2 faces so this technique also have some drawbacks like it is not waterproof and few more which include life time of the device and others.
- The key findings from the report were that active-matrix OLED displays are now widely used in mobile devices like Samsung Galaxy phones, OLED TVs may become commercially available in 2013, and OLED lighting is struggling to gain adoption but making some progress.
- The forecast value of the OLED materials market in 2012 is $524 million growing to $940 million in 2015 and $7.4 billion by 2019, driven by growth in OLED TVs and lighting.
- The estimates for market value are based on forecasts of OLED panel shipments and calculations of material requirements and prices to coat the panels.
OLED (organic light-emitting diode) is a light-emitting diode made by placing a series of organic thin films between two conductors. When electrical current is applied, a bright light is emitted from a device that is 100 to 500 nm thick. There are different types of OLEDs including passive matrix OLEDs, active matrix OLEDs, and foldable OLEDs. OLEDs have advantages over traditional lighting like being lightweight, thin, flexible, more energy efficient, and having faster response times. However, their manufacturing processes are currently expensive and their organic materials have limited lifetimes. OLEDs are used in displays for phones, TVs, watches and can potentially replace traditional light bulbs
OLED displays provide growth opportunities from innovations like flexible and foldable screens, new form factors, transparent displays, and improved color performance. However, OLED technology is difficult and costly, taking Samsung over 10 years to reach near-cost parity with LCD. While recent moves by Apple will drive significant new OLED capacity investments, a complete conversion from LCD to OLED is unlikely due to the immense costs involved and because major display makers own both LCD and OLED fabs. Overall, OLED adoption will be modest rather than a full replacement of LCD.
This document provides an introduction to organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). It describes OLEDs as thin, flexible displays that are self-luminous and more energy efficient than LCD displays. The document discusses the components and manufacturing of OLEDs. It explains that OLEDs work by emitting light through a process called electrophosphorescence when electricity is applied. Different types of OLEDs are described, including passive matrix OLEDs best for small screens, and active matrix OLEDs more suitable for large displays. Advantages of OLEDs over LCDs are highlighted as lower power consumption, higher power efficiency, and less power needed to produce the same brightness.
Organic Light Emitting Diode works on the same principle as that of a Light emitting Diode which is Electroluminescence.
Which is a result of radiative recombination of Electrons and holes in any Semiconductor Material. These organic LEDs can be classified on several basis such as on the basis of matrix control, on the basis of type of materials used, on the basis of direction in which light exits the surface of OLED,And there several other type of OLEDs such as foldable OLED, Transparent OLED etc.
There are also many methods of manufacturing OLEDs most used of which are inkjet printing and vapor phase deposition etc.
Then finally comes the applications and advantages of this technique. As like LEDs, OLEDs also have a wide area of applications such as in VDUs, PDAs, handheld devices (Like mobile Phones, handheld Gaming consoles), and its future uses include wearable electronics. But as the coin have 2 faces so this technique also have some drawbacks like it is not waterproof and few more which include life time of the device and others.
Our many chemists have rich experience in OLED materials R&D, Many of them have been trained overseas. With this team, we have the capability of supporting all kinds of chemistry projects,can provide custom synthesis from the laboratory scale to commercial production.
Este documento presenta los resultados generales del noveno concurso de conocimientos realizado el 7 de diciembre de 2013. Incluye el nombre, apellidos, colegio y puntaje de los 31 estudiantes con los mejores resultados.
The Tramore Rangers soccer club welcomes new members, players, coaches, managers, committee members, and sponsors. Interested individuals can contact the club chairman Davy Purcell, secretary Jamie O'Keeffe, or treasurer Eddie Dunphy by phone, email, or by visiting the club's facilities. The club also welcomes former members who want to get involved again.
Appunti sulla relazione consulenza ctu d'agostinoPino Ciampolillo
Il Piano regionale per la qualità dell'aria presentato dalla regione Sicilia nel 2007 somiglia stranamente a quello del Veneto. Semplice coincidenza?
E' da un pò che in Sicilia non si respira più la stessa aria. Da Palermo a Gela, da Catania a Caltanisetta ci sono segnali di cambiamento che vengono dalla società civile, dai commercianti, dagli industriali che si ribellano contro la mafia e il pizzo. Anche la burocrazia regionale se n'è accorta. Per questo nel "Piano Regionale di Coordinamento per la tutela della qualità dell'aria", pubblicato sulla Gazzetta Ufficiale della Regione Siciliana, sono state introdotte importanti novità. Ora siamo più europei e lo conferma il rigido clima dell'isola. In più abbiamo un "bacino aerologico padano" e "piste ciclabili lungo gli argini dei fiummi e dei canali" presenti nei centri storici dei comuni siciliani. A leggere il piano in questione si può fare a meno anche dell'autonomia, dato che anche il Parlamento , l'Assemblea Regionale, è diventato un normale Consiglio regionale come quello del Veneto.
http://tutelaariaregionesicilia.blogspot.it/2013/11/blog-post_28.html
Este documento presenta el programa de acompañamiento pedagógico del profesor Gabriel Conde Castillo para estudiantes de décimo grado, segundo año de bachillerato y tercero de bachillerato. Describe los temas con mayor dificultad en cada asignatura y las estrategias de enseñanza que se utilizarán para clases de refuerzo, tutorías individuales y estudios en casa.
This short document promotes the creation of Haiku Deck presentations on SlideShare by providing a stock photo and caption that reads "Inspired? Create your own Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare! GET STARTED". It encourages the viewer to make their own Haiku Deck presentation by offering the starting point of "GET STARTED"
Este documento trata sobre la contabilidad. Explica que la contabilidad ha existido desde civilizaciones antiguas y ha evolucionado para proveer información financiera a las organizaciones. Define la contabilidad y describe sus objetivos de medir, clasificar y comunicar la información económica de una empresa. También distingue entre las ramas de la contabilidad financiera, administrativa y de costos. Finalmente, concluye que a medida que las civilizaciones han crecido, los métodos contables se han desarrollado para aplicar esta ciencia.
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptxshubhijain836
Centrifugation is a powerful technique used in laboratories to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture based on their density. This process utilizes centrifugal force to rapidly spin samples, causing denser particles to migrate outward more quickly than lighter ones. As a result, distinct layers form within the sample tube, allowing for easy isolation and purification of target substances.
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDSSérgio Sacani
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...Sérgio Sacani
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
Our many chemists have rich experience in OLED materials R&D, Many of them have been trained overseas. With this team, we have the capability of supporting all kinds of chemistry projects,can provide custom synthesis from the laboratory scale to commercial production.
Este documento presenta los resultados generales del noveno concurso de conocimientos realizado el 7 de diciembre de 2013. Incluye el nombre, apellidos, colegio y puntaje de los 31 estudiantes con los mejores resultados.
The Tramore Rangers soccer club welcomes new members, players, coaches, managers, committee members, and sponsors. Interested individuals can contact the club chairman Davy Purcell, secretary Jamie O'Keeffe, or treasurer Eddie Dunphy by phone, email, or by visiting the club's facilities. The club also welcomes former members who want to get involved again.
Appunti sulla relazione consulenza ctu d'agostinoPino Ciampolillo
Il Piano regionale per la qualità dell'aria presentato dalla regione Sicilia nel 2007 somiglia stranamente a quello del Veneto. Semplice coincidenza?
E' da un pò che in Sicilia non si respira più la stessa aria. Da Palermo a Gela, da Catania a Caltanisetta ci sono segnali di cambiamento che vengono dalla società civile, dai commercianti, dagli industriali che si ribellano contro la mafia e il pizzo. Anche la burocrazia regionale se n'è accorta. Per questo nel "Piano Regionale di Coordinamento per la tutela della qualità dell'aria", pubblicato sulla Gazzetta Ufficiale della Regione Siciliana, sono state introdotte importanti novità. Ora siamo più europei e lo conferma il rigido clima dell'isola. In più abbiamo un "bacino aerologico padano" e "piste ciclabili lungo gli argini dei fiummi e dei canali" presenti nei centri storici dei comuni siciliani. A leggere il piano in questione si può fare a meno anche dell'autonomia, dato che anche il Parlamento , l'Assemblea Regionale, è diventato un normale Consiglio regionale come quello del Veneto.
http://tutelaariaregionesicilia.blogspot.it/2013/11/blog-post_28.html
Este documento presenta el programa de acompañamiento pedagógico del profesor Gabriel Conde Castillo para estudiantes de décimo grado, segundo año de bachillerato y tercero de bachillerato. Describe los temas con mayor dificultad en cada asignatura y las estrategias de enseñanza que se utilizarán para clases de refuerzo, tutorías individuales y estudios en casa.
This short document promotes the creation of Haiku Deck presentations on SlideShare by providing a stock photo and caption that reads "Inspired? Create your own Haiku Deck presentation on SlideShare! GET STARTED". It encourages the viewer to make their own Haiku Deck presentation by offering the starting point of "GET STARTED"
Este documento trata sobre la contabilidad. Explica que la contabilidad ha existido desde civilizaciones antiguas y ha evolucionado para proveer información financiera a las organizaciones. Define la contabilidad y describe sus objetivos de medir, clasificar y comunicar la información económica de una empresa. También distingue entre las ramas de la contabilidad financiera, administrativa y de costos. Finalmente, concluye que a medida que las civilizaciones han crecido, los métodos contables se han desarrollado para aplicar esta ciencia.
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptxshubhijain836
Centrifugation is a powerful technique used in laboratories to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture based on their density. This process utilizes centrifugal force to rapidly spin samples, causing denser particles to migrate outward more quickly than lighter ones. As a result, distinct layers form within the sample tube, allowing for easy isolation and purification of target substances.
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDSSérgio Sacani
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Evidence of Jet Activity from the Secondary Black Hole in the OJ 287 Binary S...Sérgio Sacani
Wereport the study of a huge optical intraday flare on 2021 November 12 at 2 a.m. UT in the blazar OJ287. In the binary black hole model, it is associated with an impact of the secondary black hole on the accretion disk of the primary. Our multifrequency observing campaign was set up to search for such a signature of the impact based on a prediction made 8 yr earlier. The first I-band results of the flare have already been reported by Kishore et al. (2024). Here we combine these data with our monitoring in the R-band. There is a big change in the R–I spectral index by 1.0 ±0.1 between the normal background and the flare, suggesting a new component of radiation. The polarization variation during the rise of the flare suggests the same. The limits on the source size place it most reasonably in the jet of the secondary BH. We then ask why we have not seen this phenomenon before. We show that OJ287 was never before observed with sufficient sensitivity on the night when the flare should have happened according to the binary model. We also study the probability that this flare is just an oversized example of intraday variability using the Krakow data set of intense monitoring between 2015 and 2023. We find that the occurrence of a flare of this size and rapidity is unlikely. In machine-readable Tables 1 and 2, we give the full orbit-linked historical light curve of OJ287 as well as the dense monitoring sample of Krakow.
Signatures of wave erosion in Titan’s coastsSérgio Sacani
The shorelines of Titan’s hydrocarbon seas trace flooded erosional landforms such as river valleys; however, it isunclear whether coastal erosion has subsequently altered these shorelines. Spacecraft observations and theo-retical models suggest that wind may cause waves to form on Titan’s seas, potentially driving coastal erosion,but the observational evidence of waves is indirect, and the processes affecting shoreline evolution on Titanremain unknown. No widely accepted framework exists for using shoreline morphology to quantitatively dis-cern coastal erosion mechanisms, even on Earth, where the dominant mechanisms are known. We combinelandscape evolution models with measurements of shoreline shape on Earth to characterize how differentcoastal erosion mechanisms affect shoreline morphology. Applying this framework to Titan, we find that theshorelines of Titan’s seas are most consistent with flooded landscapes that subsequently have been eroded bywaves, rather than a uniform erosional process or no coastal erosion, particularly if wave growth saturates atfetch lengths of tens of kilometers.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selectionCarl Bergstrom
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark UniverseSérgio Sacani
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdfSelcen Ozturkcan
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.