- The document discusses how risk is necessary in philanthropy in order to have a meaningful impact. While many philanthropists stick to traditional donations without taking risks, calculated risks are essential for achieving specific results, just as in any other investment where there is an interplay between risk and return.
- Even philanthropists like MacKenzie Scott who make large donations may not achieve the intended societal impact because their approaches are too conservative and fall into regular donations rather than funding unconventional ideas.
- Philanthropists can disrupt philanthropy and have more impact through "catalytic philanthropy," which goes beyond donations to research problems, establish root causes, and develop disruptive solutions through progressive risk management instead of