When we first examined the array based and node based implementations.docx
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This document provides pseudocode to modify an array-based list implementation to dynamically grow the array capacity when inserting elements. The key changes are: 1. CreateList now takes no parameters and initializes the list with a capacity of 1 element. 2. InsertTail is modified to call a new growList operation if the list is full, which allocates a larger array and copies the contents, before inserting the new element. 3. growList increases the capacity of the list array when needed to accommodate new insertions.
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you will implement some sorting algorithms for arrays and linked lis.pdf
you will implement some sorting algorithms for arrays and linked lists.
Insertion Sort and Quicksort of an array
Implement the insertion sort and quicksort for an integer array. The functions are defined in the
"sorting.h" header file.
/**
* @brief Insertion sort algorithm
* @param array Array to be sorted. The array is modified in place.
* @param lowindex Lowest index of the array
* @param highindex Highest index of the array
* @param reversed If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in descending order, otherwise
in ascending order
*/
void insertionSort(int array[], int lowindex, int highindex, bool reversed = false);
and
**
* @brief Quick sort algorithm
*
* @param array Array to be sorted. The array is modified in place.
* @param lowindex Lowest index of the array
* @param highindex Highest index of the array
* @param reversed If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in descending order, otherwise
in ascending order
*/
void quickSort(int array[], int lowindex, int highindex, bool reversed = false);
The array should be sorted in place. Compared to the examples in the textbook, those functions
have an additional parameter reversed. If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in
descending order, otherwise in ascending order. You should complete the implementations of
those two functions in the "sorting_basic.cpp" file.
A better quicksort algorithm
Quicksort is a very fast comparison sorting algorithm, especially wheb the array or list gets large.
However, when the arrays/lists are small enough, quicksort may run slower than some of the
(n^2) algorithms. This might not seem important until you note that when sorting a large array
with quicksort, many small sublists must be sorted. While the savings on sorting one small list
with a faster algorithm might be negligible, sorting hundreds of small lists with a faster algorithm
can make a difference in the overall efficiency of the sort. For this part of the assignment, you
will combine quicksort with another sorting algorithm to build a faster sorting algorithm. One
option is to
use quicksort until the array/list gets small enough, and then use insertion sort or another sort to
sort the small arrays/lists
What does "small enough" mean? You can try a percentage of the list (say, 5% or 10%), or an
absolute number (5 elements, 8 elements, 10 elements, 15 elements, 100 elements, etc), or
something else of your choosing. Based on your tests, choose the one that is the most efficient.
You should also tests to ensure that your hybrid quicksort has reasonable performance on all lists
-- most notably, it should be efficient on sorted and inverse sorted lists as well as random lists.
The definition of the hybrid quicksort function is as the following:
/**
* @brief A hybrid of insertion sort and quick sort algorithm. The algorithm is based on the idea
that if the array is short, it is better to use insertion sort.
* It uses quicksort until the list gets small enough, and then uses insertion s.
in C++ , Design a linked list class named IntegerList to hold a seri.pdf
in C++ , Design a linked list class named IntegerList to hold a series of integers. The class must
have public member functions for appending , inserting, deleting and displaying nodes. The
append function must append a node to the end of the list. The insert function must insert node in
ascending order. The delete function must delete the node with the given value. The display
function should display the list from head to tail. The IntegerList class should also have a
destructor that destroys the list and release memory. The list node must be declared as a structure
using keyword struct. This structure is a private member of IntegerList. You should also store the
head of the list as a private member.
Write a test program to test the implementation your IntegerList class works properly.
Solution
Here is the code for the above scenario:
#include
using namespace std;
struct ListNode
{
float value;
ListNode *next;
};
ListNode *head;
class LinkedList
{
public:
int insertNode(float num);
int appendNode(float num);
void deleteNode(float num);
void destroyList();
void displayList();
LinkedList(void) {head = NULL;}
~LinkedList(void) {destroyList();}
};
int LinkedList::appendNode(float num)
{
ListNode *newNode, *nodePtr = head;
newNode = new ListNode;
if(newNode == NULL)
{
cout << \"Error allocating memory for new list member!\ \";
return 1;
}
newNode->value = num;
newNode->next = NULL;
if(head == NULL)
{
cout << \"List was empty - \" << newNode->value;
cout << \" is part of list\'s first node.\ \";
head = newNode;
}
else
{
while(nodePtr->next != NULL)
nodePtr = nodePtr->next;
nodePtr->next = newNode;
}
return 0;
}
int LinkedList::insertNode(float num)
{
struct ListNode *newNode, *nodePtr = head, *prevNodePtr = NULL;
newNode = new ListNode;
if(newNode == NULL)
{
cout << \"Error allocating memory for new list member!\ \";
return 1;
}
newNode->value = num;
newNode->next = NULL;
if(head==NULL) {
cout << \"List was empty - \" << newNode->value;
cout << \" is part of list\'s first node.\ \";
head = newNode;
}
else
{
while((nodePtr != NULL) && (nodePtr->value < num)) {
prevNodePtr = nodePtr;
nodePtr = nodePtr->next;
}
if(prevNodePtr==NULL)
newNode->next = head;
else
newNode->next = nodePtr; prevNodePtr->next = newNode;
}
return 0;
}
void LinkedList::deleteNode(float num)
{
struct ListNode *nodePtr = head, *prevNodePtr = NULL;
if(head==NULL) {
cout << \"The list was empty!\ \";
return;
}
if(head->value == num) {
head = nodePtr->next;
delete [] nodePtr;
}
else
{
while((nodePtr!= NULL)&&(nodePtr->value != num)) {
prevNodePtr = nodePtr;
nodePtr = nodePtr->next;
}
if(nodePtr==NULL)
cout << \"The value \" << num << \" is not in this list!\ \";
else {
prevNodePtr->next = nodePtr->next;
delete [] nodePtr;
}
}
}
void LinkedList::destroyList()
{
struct ListNode *nodePtr = head, *nextNode = nodePtr;
if(head==NULL) {
cout << \"The list is empty!\ \";
return;
}
while (nodePtr != NULL) {
nextNode = nodePtr->next;
delete [] nodePtr;
nodePtr = nextNode;
}
}
void LinkedList.
you will implement some sorting algorithms for arrays and linked lis.pdf
you will implement some sorting algorithms for arrays and linked lists.
Insertion Sort and Quicksort of an array
Implement the insertion sort and quicksort for an integer array. The functions are defined in the
"sorting.h" header file.
/**
* @brief Insertion sort algorithm
* @param array Array to be sorted. The array is modified in place.
* @param lowindex Lowest index of the array
* @param highindex Highest index of the array
* @param reversed If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in descending order, otherwise
in ascending order
*/
void insertionSort(int array[], int lowindex, int highindex, bool reversed = false);
and
**
* @brief Quick sort algorithm
*
* @param array Array to be sorted. The array is modified in place.
* @param lowindex Lowest index of the array
* @param highindex Highest index of the array
* @param reversed If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in descending order, otherwise
in ascending order
*/
void quickSort(int array[], int lowindex, int highindex, bool reversed = false);
The array should be sorted in place. Compared to the examples in the textbook, those functions
have an additional parameter reversed. If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in
descending order, otherwise in ascending order. You should complete the implementations of
those two functions in the "sorting_basic.cpp" file.
A better quicksort algorithm
Quicksort is a very fast comparison sorting algorithm, especially wheb the array or list gets large.
However, when the arrays/lists are small enough, quicksort may run slower than some of the
(n^2) algorithms. This might not seem important until you note that when sorting a large array
with quicksort, many small sublists must be sorted. While the savings on sorting one small list
with a faster algorithm might be negligible, sorting hundreds of small lists with a faster algorithm
can make a difference in the overall efficiency of the sort. For this part of the assignment, you
will combine quicksort with another sorting algorithm to build a faster sorting algorithm. One
option is to
use quicksort until the array/list gets small enough, and then use insertion sort or another sort to
sort the small arrays/lists
What does "small enough" mean? You can try a percentage of the list (say, 5% or 10%), or an
absolute number (5 elements, 8 elements, 10 elements, 15 elements, 100 elements, etc), or
something else of your choosing. Based on your tests, choose the one that is the most efficient.
You should also tests to ensure that your hybrid quicksort has reasonable performance on all lists
-- most notably, it should be efficient on sorted and inverse sorted lists as well as random lists.
The definition of the hybrid quicksort function is as the following:
/**
* @brief A hybrid of insertion sort and quick sort algorithm. The algorithm is based on the idea
that if the array is short, it is better to use insertion sort.
* It uses quicksort until the list gets small enough, and then uses insertion s.
Write a java class LIST that outputsmainpublic class Ass.pdf
The document describes Java List interfaces and common implementations like ArrayList and LinkedList. It provides examples of initializing List with different data types, adding/inserting elements, and sorting a List using Collections.sort(). Key points covered include declaring List with generic types, initializing capacity for ArrayList, copying elements between Lists, and sorting Lists into natural ascending order.
In C++Add the function min as an abstract function to the classar.pdf
In C++:
Add the function min as an abstract function to the classarrayListTypeto return the smallest
element of the list.
Also, write the definition of the function min in the classunorderedArrayListTypeand write a
program to test this function.
arrayListType.h
#ifndef H_arrayListType
#define H_arrayListType
class arrayListType
{
public:
bool isEmpty() const;
//Function to determine whether the list is empty
//Postcondition: Returns true if the list is empty;
// otherwise, returns false.
bool isFull() const;
//Function to determine whether the list is full
//Postcondition: Returns true if the list is full;
// otherwise, returns false.
int listSize() const;
//Function to determine the number of elements in
//the list.
//Postcondition: Returns the value of length.
int maxListSize() const;
//Function to determine the maximum size of the list
//Postcondition: Returns the value of maxSize.
void print() const;
//Function to output the elements of the list
//Postcondition: Elements of the list are output on the
// standard output device.
bool isItemAtEqual(int location, int item) const;
//Function to determine whether item is the same as
//the item in the list at the position specified
//by location.
//Postcondition: Returns true if list[location]
// is the same as item; otherwise,
// returns false.
// If location is out of range, an
// appropriate message is displayed.
virtual void insertAt(int location, int insertItem) = 0;
//Function to insert insertItem in the list at the
//position specified by location.
//Note that this is an abstract function.
//Postcondition: Starting at location, the elements of
// the list are shifted down,
// list[location] = insertItem; length++;
// If the list is full or location is out of
// range, an appropriate message is displayed.
virtual void insertEnd(int insertItem) = 0;
//Function to insert insertItem at the end of
//the list. Note that this is an abstract function.
//Postcondition: list[length] = insertItem; and length++;
// If the list is full, an appropriate
// message is displayed.
void removeAt(int location);
//Function to remove the item from the list at the
//position specified by location
//Postcondition: The list element at list[location] is
// removed and length is decremented by 1.
// If location is out of range, an
// appropriate message is displayed.
void retrieveAt(int location, int& retItem) const;
//Function to retrieve the element from the list at the
//position specified by location
//Postcondition: retItem = list[location]
// If location is out of range, an
// appropriate message is displayed.
virtual void replaceAt(int location, int repItem) = 0;
//Function to replace the elements in the list
//at the position specified by location.
//Note that this is an abstract function.
//Postcondition: list[location] = repItem
// If location is out of range, an
// appropriate message is displayed.
void clearList();
//Function to remove all the elements from the list
//After this operation, the size of t.
Mysql1
The document provides information about MySQL including:
1. MySQL is an open source relational database management system based on SQL that is used to add, remove, and modify information in databases.
2. It describes basic MySQL commands like CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and provides syntax examples.
3. It also covers advanced commands, functions in MySQL like aggregate functions, numeric functions and string functions as well as stored procedures.
Mysql
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system based on SQL. It allows users to create, modify, and access database tables using standard SQL commands. Basic MySQL commands include CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.
Mysql
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system based on SQL. It allows users to create, modify, and access database tables using standard SQL commands. Basic MySQL commands include CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.
Recommended
you will implement some sorting algorithms for arrays and linked lis.pdf
you will implement some sorting algorithms for arrays and linked lists.
Insertion Sort and Quicksort of an array
Implement the insertion sort and quicksort for an integer array. The functions are defined in the
"sorting.h" header file.
/**
* @brief Insertion sort algorithm
* @param array Array to be sorted. The array is modified in place.
* @param lowindex Lowest index of the array
* @param highindex Highest index of the array
* @param reversed If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in descending order, otherwise
in ascending order
*/
void insertionSort(int array[], int lowindex, int highindex, bool reversed = false);
and
**
* @brief Quick sort algorithm
*
* @param array Array to be sorted. The array is modified in place.
* @param lowindex Lowest index of the array
* @param highindex Highest index of the array
* @param reversed If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in descending order, otherwise
in ascending order
*/
void quickSort(int array[], int lowindex, int highindex, bool reversed = false);
The array should be sorted in place. Compared to the examples in the textbook, those functions
have an additional parameter reversed. If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in
descending order, otherwise in ascending order. You should complete the implementations of
those two functions in the "sorting_basic.cpp" file.
A better quicksort algorithm
Quicksort is a very fast comparison sorting algorithm, especially wheb the array or list gets large.
However, when the arrays/lists are small enough, quicksort may run slower than some of the
(n^2) algorithms. This might not seem important until you note that when sorting a large array
with quicksort, many small sublists must be sorted. While the savings on sorting one small list
with a faster algorithm might be negligible, sorting hundreds of small lists with a faster algorithm
can make a difference in the overall efficiency of the sort. For this part of the assignment, you
will combine quicksort with another sorting algorithm to build a faster sorting algorithm. One
option is to
use quicksort until the array/list gets small enough, and then use insertion sort or another sort to
sort the small arrays/lists
What does "small enough" mean? You can try a percentage of the list (say, 5% or 10%), or an
absolute number (5 elements, 8 elements, 10 elements, 15 elements, 100 elements, etc), or
something else of your choosing. Based on your tests, choose the one that is the most efficient.
You should also tests to ensure that your hybrid quicksort has reasonable performance on all lists
-- most notably, it should be efficient on sorted and inverse sorted lists as well as random lists.
The definition of the hybrid quicksort function is as the following:
/**
* @brief A hybrid of insertion sort and quick sort algorithm. The algorithm is based on the idea
that if the array is short, it is better to use insertion sort.
* It uses quicksort until the list gets small enough, and then uses insertion s.
in C++ , Design a linked list class named IntegerList to hold a seri.pdf
in C++ , Design a linked list class named IntegerList to hold a series of integers. The class must
have public member functions for appending , inserting, deleting and displaying nodes. The
append function must append a node to the end of the list. The insert function must insert node in
ascending order. The delete function must delete the node with the given value. The display
function should display the list from head to tail. The IntegerList class should also have a
destructor that destroys the list and release memory. The list node must be declared as a structure
using keyword struct. This structure is a private member of IntegerList. You should also store the
head of the list as a private member.
Write a test program to test the implementation your IntegerList class works properly.
Solution
Here is the code for the above scenario:
#include
using namespace std;
struct ListNode
{
float value;
ListNode *next;
};
ListNode *head;
class LinkedList
{
public:
int insertNode(float num);
int appendNode(float num);
void deleteNode(float num);
void destroyList();
void displayList();
LinkedList(void) {head = NULL;}
~LinkedList(void) {destroyList();}
};
int LinkedList::appendNode(float num)
{
ListNode *newNode, *nodePtr = head;
newNode = new ListNode;
if(newNode == NULL)
{
cout << \"Error allocating memory for new list member!\ \";
return 1;
}
newNode->value = num;
newNode->next = NULL;
if(head == NULL)
{
cout << \"List was empty - \" << newNode->value;
cout << \" is part of list\'s first node.\ \";
head = newNode;
}
else
{
while(nodePtr->next != NULL)
nodePtr = nodePtr->next;
nodePtr->next = newNode;
}
return 0;
}
int LinkedList::insertNode(float num)
{
struct ListNode *newNode, *nodePtr = head, *prevNodePtr = NULL;
newNode = new ListNode;
if(newNode == NULL)
{
cout << \"Error allocating memory for new list member!\ \";
return 1;
}
newNode->value = num;
newNode->next = NULL;
if(head==NULL) {
cout << \"List was empty - \" << newNode->value;
cout << \" is part of list\'s first node.\ \";
head = newNode;
}
else
{
while((nodePtr != NULL) && (nodePtr->value < num)) {
prevNodePtr = nodePtr;
nodePtr = nodePtr->next;
}
if(prevNodePtr==NULL)
newNode->next = head;
else
newNode->next = nodePtr; prevNodePtr->next = newNode;
}
return 0;
}
void LinkedList::deleteNode(float num)
{
struct ListNode *nodePtr = head, *prevNodePtr = NULL;
if(head==NULL) {
cout << \"The list was empty!\ \";
return;
}
if(head->value == num) {
head = nodePtr->next;
delete [] nodePtr;
}
else
{
while((nodePtr!= NULL)&&(nodePtr->value != num)) {
prevNodePtr = nodePtr;
nodePtr = nodePtr->next;
}
if(nodePtr==NULL)
cout << \"The value \" << num << \" is not in this list!\ \";
else {
prevNodePtr->next = nodePtr->next;
delete [] nodePtr;
}
}
}
void LinkedList::destroyList()
{
struct ListNode *nodePtr = head, *nextNode = nodePtr;
if(head==NULL) {
cout << \"The list is empty!\ \";
return;
}
while (nodePtr != NULL) {
nextNode = nodePtr->next;
delete [] nodePtr;
nodePtr = nextNode;
}
}
void LinkedList.
you will implement some sorting algorithms for arrays and linked lis.pdf
you will implement some sorting algorithms for arrays and linked lists.
Insertion Sort and Quicksort of an array
Implement the insertion sort and quicksort for an integer array. The functions are defined in the
"sorting.h" header file.
/**
* @brief Insertion sort algorithm
* @param array Array to be sorted. The array is modified in place.
* @param lowindex Lowest index of the array
* @param highindex Highest index of the array
* @param reversed If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in descending order, otherwise
in ascending order
*/
void insertionSort(int array[], int lowindex, int highindex, bool reversed = false);
and
**
* @brief Quick sort algorithm
*
* @param array Array to be sorted. The array is modified in place.
* @param lowindex Lowest index of the array
* @param highindex Highest index of the array
* @param reversed If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in descending order, otherwise
in ascending order
*/
void quickSort(int array[], int lowindex, int highindex, bool reversed = false);
The array should be sorted in place. Compared to the examples in the textbook, those functions
have an additional parameter reversed. If reversed = true, the array should be sorted in
descending order, otherwise in ascending order. You should complete the implementations of
those two functions in the "sorting_basic.cpp" file.
A better quicksort algorithm
Quicksort is a very fast comparison sorting algorithm, especially wheb the array or list gets large.
However, when the arrays/lists are small enough, quicksort may run slower than some of the
(n^2) algorithms. This might not seem important until you note that when sorting a large array
with quicksort, many small sublists must be sorted. While the savings on sorting one small list
with a faster algorithm might be negligible, sorting hundreds of small lists with a faster algorithm
can make a difference in the overall efficiency of the sort. For this part of the assignment, you
will combine quicksort with another sorting algorithm to build a faster sorting algorithm. One
option is to
use quicksort until the array/list gets small enough, and then use insertion sort or another sort to
sort the small arrays/lists
What does "small enough" mean? You can try a percentage of the list (say, 5% or 10%), or an
absolute number (5 elements, 8 elements, 10 elements, 15 elements, 100 elements, etc), or
something else of your choosing. Based on your tests, choose the one that is the most efficient.
You should also tests to ensure that your hybrid quicksort has reasonable performance on all lists
-- most notably, it should be efficient on sorted and inverse sorted lists as well as random lists.
The definition of the hybrid quicksort function is as the following:
/**
* @brief A hybrid of insertion sort and quick sort algorithm. The algorithm is based on the idea
that if the array is short, it is better to use insertion sort.
* It uses quicksort until the list gets small enough, and then uses insertion s.
Write a java class LIST that outputsmainpublic class Ass.pdf
The document describes Java List interfaces and common implementations like ArrayList and LinkedList. It provides examples of initializing List with different data types, adding/inserting elements, and sorting a List using Collections.sort(). Key points covered include declaring List with generic types, initializing capacity for ArrayList, copying elements between Lists, and sorting Lists into natural ascending order.
In C++Add the function min as an abstract function to the classar.pdf
In C++:
Add the function min as an abstract function to the classarrayListTypeto return the smallest
element of the list.
Also, write the definition of the function min in the classunorderedArrayListTypeand write a
program to test this function.
arrayListType.h
#ifndef H_arrayListType
#define H_arrayListType
class arrayListType
{
public:
bool isEmpty() const;
//Function to determine whether the list is empty
//Postcondition: Returns true if the list is empty;
// otherwise, returns false.
bool isFull() const;
//Function to determine whether the list is full
//Postcondition: Returns true if the list is full;
// otherwise, returns false.
int listSize() const;
//Function to determine the number of elements in
//the list.
//Postcondition: Returns the value of length.
int maxListSize() const;
//Function to determine the maximum size of the list
//Postcondition: Returns the value of maxSize.
void print() const;
//Function to output the elements of the list
//Postcondition: Elements of the list are output on the
// standard output device.
bool isItemAtEqual(int location, int item) const;
//Function to determine whether item is the same as
//the item in the list at the position specified
//by location.
//Postcondition: Returns true if list[location]
// is the same as item; otherwise,
// returns false.
// If location is out of range, an
// appropriate message is displayed.
virtual void insertAt(int location, int insertItem) = 0;
//Function to insert insertItem in the list at the
//position specified by location.
//Note that this is an abstract function.
//Postcondition: Starting at location, the elements of
// the list are shifted down,
// list[location] = insertItem; length++;
// If the list is full or location is out of
// range, an appropriate message is displayed.
virtual void insertEnd(int insertItem) = 0;
//Function to insert insertItem at the end of
//the list. Note that this is an abstract function.
//Postcondition: list[length] = insertItem; and length++;
// If the list is full, an appropriate
// message is displayed.
void removeAt(int location);
//Function to remove the item from the list at the
//position specified by location
//Postcondition: The list element at list[location] is
// removed and length is decremented by 1.
// If location is out of range, an
// appropriate message is displayed.
void retrieveAt(int location, int& retItem) const;
//Function to retrieve the element from the list at the
//position specified by location
//Postcondition: retItem = list[location]
// If location is out of range, an
// appropriate message is displayed.
virtual void replaceAt(int location, int repItem) = 0;
//Function to replace the elements in the list
//at the position specified by location.
//Note that this is an abstract function.
//Postcondition: list[location] = repItem
// If location is out of range, an
// appropriate message is displayed.
void clearList();
//Function to remove all the elements from the list
//After this operation, the size of t.
Mysql1
The document provides information about MySQL including:
1. MySQL is an open source relational database management system based on SQL that is used to add, remove, and modify information in databases.
2. It describes basic MySQL commands like CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and provides syntax examples.
3. It also covers advanced commands, functions in MySQL like aggregate functions, numeric functions and string functions as well as stored procedures.
Mysql
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system based on SQL. It allows users to create, modify, and access database tables using standard SQL commands. Basic MySQL commands include CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.
Mysql
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system based on SQL. It allows users to create, modify, and access database tables using standard SQL commands. Basic MySQL commands include CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.
Mysql
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system based on SQL. It allows users to create, modify, and access database tables using standard SQL commands. Basic MySQL commands include CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.
There are a couple of new methods that you will be writing for this pr.pdf
There are a couple of new methods that you will be writing for this project. Some are easy, some
are hard. I have provided code that tests most of the methods by calling them from the main
method in the file ListTest.java. The test file will only work when you have done all the
methods. In COMP182LinkedList.java I have provided the signature (definition and input
parameters) for these methods. At this point to make sure you can run the file
(COMP182LinkedList.java that you downloaded from Cavas) I have added template values as
return types of the methods. For example, if the method returns an int then I added return 0 as the
return value. Here are the methods are as follows: Anything getFixst () Anything getLast () void
add (Anything value) void addafter (1nt index, Anyehtng value) Anything set(int index,
Rnything aewvalue) void removeAl1 (Anything vaiue) lastIndex (Anything value)
COMP182IinkedIi ateAnything; elone boolean equala (object in) CoMP182IinkedList
KAnythang? gplat () boolean hascycle () Node reveraeliat () Node oddeventiat () Node
deleteDuplicates () boolean ispalindrome () "For the last two methods, you need to add proper
testing to ListTest Java Method Specifications Here are more details for implementing each of
these methods. You need to complete all the following methods in the COMP182LinkedList
class. You can write the methods in any order you wish, but I suggest you do them in the order
they are listed. In particular, make sure all your methods work for empty lists, lists of different
sizes, etc as you can see from the sample test cases provided in ListTest.java. While grading your
project, we will make changes to these values! Also, make sure that your solutions do not modify
the original lists (unless you are specifically instructed to do so). roid main(String[] args) You
can use this method in the ListTest class to create lists as needed and test each of the methods
listed above. I have provided a few test cases, but you may want to add more to some of the
method tests. Until you get add working, you will need to use addFirst to create lists to test your
other methods. Anything getFirsto This method returns the value stored in the first node an the
list. It should prit an error message and seturn null if the list is empty. Anything getLasto This
method returns the value stored in the last node in the list. It should print an error mesiage and
retuin noll if the list is emipty. void add(Anything value) Thus method adds a nade containing
new yalue to the end of the last. This method returns the value stored in the first node in the list.
It should print an error message and return null if the list is empty. Anything getLast0 This
method returns the value stored in the last node in the list. It should print an error message and
retum null if the list is empty: void add(Anything value) This method adds a node containing
new value to the end of the list. void addAfter(int index, Anything value) This method adds a
node contai.
C++ program Revising the Array-Based List ADT Given the data structure.docx
C++ program
Revising the Array-Based List ADT
Given the data structure
typedef char *Element;
struct List {
Element *data;
int count;
int capacity;
};
Modify the following insertTail operations, instead of returning false when the array is full, the function should attempt to double the capacity of the list and the old array list is copied into the new array list, and then insert new element. Given the following implementation to modify:
bool insertTail(List* l, Element e) {
if (fullList(l)) {
return false;
} else {
l->data[l->count] = e;
l->count++;
return true;
}
}
Solution
Creating tempElement array.. and copy old elements. Then replace old array with new temp Array. And also we need to update capacity of list.
bool insertTail(List* l, Element e) {
if (fullList(l)) {
// temp list declared with double size
int tempCount = l->count;
Element * temp = new Element[2*tempCount];
// copying old list to new list
for(int i=0; i<tempCount; i++){
temp[i] = list->data[i];
}
//now referencing old array with new array
l->data = temp;
l->capacity = 2*tempCount;
}
// no else condition.. it will continue to insert
l->data[l->count] = e;
l->count++;
return true;
}
.
Please code in C++ and do only the �TO DO�s and all of them. There a.pdf
The document provides instructions to complete the implementation of a doubly linked list (List) and queue (Queue) data structures in C++. It includes a List.h file with the definition of the List class and its iterator. There are TODO comments throughout for various methods that need to be implemented, including constructors, destructors, iterators, capacity functions, element access functions, insertion/removal functions, and an equality operator for Queue. It also includes a Queue.h file with the definition of the Queue class using List as its underlying container.
BackgroundIn many applications, the composition of a collection o.pdf
Background:
In many applications, the composition of a collection of data items changes over time. Not only
are new data items added and existing ones removed, but data items may be duplicated. A list
data structure is a member of the general category of abstract data types called containers, whose
purpose is to hold other objects. In C++, lists are provided in the Standard Template Library.
However, for this assignment you will design and write your own linked list implementation to
support the ADT operations specified below.
Objective:
Design and implement the specifications for a List Abstract Data Type where the items in the list
are unsorted.
Requirements:
Define a list and develop a set of operations for creating and manipulating a list that satisfies the
list ADT specification.
List ADT Specification
Structure: The list elements are of ItemType. The list has a property called the current position
which designates the position of the last element accessed by GetNextItem during an iteration
through the list. Only ResetList and GetNextItem alter the current position.
Definitions (provided by the user):
MAX_ITEMS: A constant specifying the maximum capacity of items allowed on the list
Item Type: Class encapsulating the type of items in the list
RelationType: An enumeration type that consists of LESS, GREATER, EQUAL
Member function of ItemType that must be included:
RelationType ComparedTo(ItemType Item)
Function: Determines the ordering of two ItemType objects based on their keys
Precondition: Self and item have their key members initialized
Postcondition:
Function value = LESS if the key of self is less than the key of item
= GREATER if the key of self is greater than the key of item
= EQUAL if the keys are equal
Operations (provided by Unsorted List ADT)
Make Empty
Function: Initializes list to empty state
Preconditions: None
Postcondition: List is empty
Boolean IsFull
Function: Determines whether list is full
Preconditions: List has been initialized
Postcondition: Function value = (list is full)
int GetLength
Function: Determines the number of elements in list
Preconditions: List has been initialized
Postcondition: Function value = number of elements in list
ItemType GetItem(Item Typeitem, Boolean& found)
Function: Get list element whose key matches item’s key (if present)
Preconditions: List has been initialized
Key member of item is initialized
Postcondition: If there is an element someItem whose keymatches item’s key, then found =
true and copy of someItemis returned; otherwise found = false and item is returned
List is unchanged
PutItem(ItemType item)
Function: Puts item into list
Preconditions: List has been initialized
List is not full
Item is not in list
Postcondition: Item is in the list
DeleteItem(ItemType item)
Function: Deletes the element whose key matches item’s key
Preconditions: List has been initialized
Postcondition: One and only one element in list has a key matching item’s key
ResetList
Function: Initializes current p.
Programming Assignment Help
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2.(Sorted list array implementation)This sorted list ADT discussed .pdf
2.(Sorted list: array implementation)This sorted list ADT discussed in class should be extended
by the addition of two new methods:
//Interface: ArrayListADT
//works for int
public interface ArrayListADT {
public boolean isEmpty(); //Method to determine whether the list is empty.
public boolean isFull(); //Method to determine whether the list is full.
public int listSize(); //Method to return the number of elements in the list.
public int maxListSize(); //Method to return the maximum size of the list.
public void print(); //Method to output the elements of the list.
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item); //Method to determine whether item is
the same as the item in the list at location.
public void insertAt(int location, int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem in the list at
the position
public void insertEnd(int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem at the end of the list.
public void removeAt(int location); //Method to remove the item from the list at location.
public int retrieveAt(int location); //Method to retrieve the element from the list at location.
public void replaceAt(int location, int repItem); //Method to replace the element in the list at
location with repItem.
public void clearList(); //Method to remove all the elements from the list.
public int search(int searchItem); //Method to determine whether searchItem is in the list.
public void remove(int removeItem); //Method to remove an item from the list.
}
//Class: ArrayListClass implements
//Interface: ArrayListADT
public abstract class ArrayListClass implements ArrayListADT {
protected int length; //to store the length of the list
protected int maxSize; //to store the maximum size of the list
protected int[] list; //array to hold the list elements
//Default constructor
public ArrayListClass() {
maxSize = 100;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
//Alternate Constructor
public ArrayListClass(int size) {
if(size <= 0) {
System.err.println(\"The array size must be positive. Creating an array of size 100.\");
maxSize = 100;
}
else
maxSize = size;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return (length == 0);
}
public boolean isFull() {
return (length == maxSize);
}
public int listSize() {
return length;
}
public int maxListSize() {
return maxSize;
}
public void print() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
System.out.print(list[i] + \" \");
System.out.println();
}
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length) {
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be compared is out of range.\");
return false;
}
return list[location]== item;
}
public void clearList() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
list[i] = 0;
length = 0;
System.gc(); //invoke the Java garbage collector
}
public void removeAt(int location) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length)
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be removed is out of range.\");
else {
for(int i = location; i < length - 1; i++)
list[i] .
Please complete ALL of the �TO DO�s in this code. I am really strugg.pdf
Please complete ALL of the TO DOs in this code. I am really struggling with this assignment.
The last time I posted this question, they did not complete them all. Please do it! There are two
files, list.h and queue.h. I tried to complete this on my own and none of it worked, so I am
posting the template again instead of my nonworking code. Please do not use chatgpt, I think the
last person used it.
list.h:
#pragma once
#include // size_t
#include // std::bidirectional_iterator_tag
#include // std::is_same, std::enable_if
template
class List {
private:
struct Node {
Node *next, *prev;
T data;
explicit Node(Node* prev = nullptr, Node* next = nullptr)
: next{next}, prev{prev} {}
explicit Node(const T& data, Node* prev = nullptr, Node* next = nullptr)
: next{next}, prev{prev}, data{data} {}
explicit Node(T&& data, Node* prev = nullptr, Node* next = nullptr)
: next{next}, prev{prev}, data{std::move(data)} {}
};
template
class basic_iterator {
public:
using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag;
using value_type = T;
using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
using pointer = pointer_type;
using reference = reference_type;
private:
friend class List;
using Node = typename List::Node;
Node* node;
explicit basic_iterator(Node* ptr) noexcept : node{ptr} {}
explicit basic_iterator(const Node* ptr) noexcept : node{const_cast(ptr)} {}
public:
basic_iterator() { /* TODO */ };
basic_iterator(const basic_iterator&) = default;
basic_iterator(basic_iterator&&) = default;
~basic_iterator() = default;
basic_iterator& operator=(const basic_iterator&) = default;
basic_iterator& operator=(basic_iterator&&) = default;
reference operator*() const {
// TODO
}
pointer operator->() const {
// TODO
}
// Prefix Increment: ++a
basic_iterator& operator++() {
// TODO
}
// Postfix Increment: a++
basic_iterator operator++(int) {
// TODO
}
// Prefix Decrement: --a
basic_iterator& operator--() {
// TODO
}
// Postfix Decrement: a--
basic_iterator operator--(int) {
// TODO
}
bool operator==(const basic_iterator& other) const noexcept {
// TODO
}
bool operator!=(const basic_iterator& other) const noexcept {
// TODO
}
};
public:
using value_type = T;
using size_type = size_t;
using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
using reference = value_type&;
using const_reference = const value_type&;
using pointer = value_type*;
using const_pointer = const value_type*;
using iterator = basic_iterator;
using const_iterator = basic_iterator;
private:
Node head, tail;
size_type _size;
public:
List() {
// TODO - Don't forget to initialize the list beforehand
}
List( size_type count, const T& value ) {
// TODO - Don't forget initialize the list beforehand
}
explicit List( size_type count ) {
// TODO - Don't forget initialize the list beforehand
}
List( const List& other ) {
// TODO - Don't forget initialize the list beforehand
}
List( List&& other ) {
// TODO - Don't forget initialize the list beforehand
}
~List() {
// TODO
}
List& operator=( const List& other ) {
// TODO
}
List& operator=( List&& o.
Implement a function called getElements() that takes in two lists. T.pdf
Implement a function called getElements() that takes in two lists. The first list L consists of any
type of items and the second list P consists of a list of integers. The implemented function will
return a list consisting of the element in L that are in positions indicated by P. For example, if
P=1, 7, 3, then the element in position 1, 7 and 3 in the list L must be returned. The function
must be implemented using the C++ list SLT API. Hint: The implementation for this function
will require some thought. Here are some hints for one approach to solve the problem. Use a for-
loop to walk through list P in a similar way as done in the printList() function. Consider creating
an index variable to track the item number in list L. Also, set the value of the iterator equal to a
variable in this loop. For example: int index = 0; // Track the position int position = (*itr) ; // Get
the item in P Create a second loop embedded within the first loop to walk through the elements
in list L. If the index equals position-1 then you know you have found the element. Thus, call the
push_back() function on the resultList to add the element. At the end of this loop increment the
index variable by 1. Note that your iterator variable for the second loop must be named
differently than the first loop. For example you can all it itr2. Output: The output from the
program once the function is implement will be:
/**
* List.cpp - This program implements and tests the getIntersection
* and getUnion functions.
*
* TODO: Include your name and course number here.
*/
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
template
void printList(list list1);
template
list getElements(list L, list P);
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
// Declare list variables
list list1;
list list2;
// Add data to list 1
list1.push_back(\"the\");
list1.push_back(\"quick\");
list1.push_back(\"brown\");
list1.push_back(\"fox\");
list1.push_back(\"jumped\");
list1.push_back(\"over\");
list1.push_back(\"the\");
list1.push_back(\"lazy\");
list1.push_back(\"dog\");
// Add data to list 2
list2.push_back(4);
list2.push_back(3);
list2.push_back(9);
list2.push_back(6);
list2.push_back(7);
// Print out the lists
cout << \"List 1: \" << endl;
printList(list1);
cout << \"List 2: \" << endl;
printList(list2);
cout << endl;
cout << \"Results of getElements():\" << endl;
printList(getElements(list1, list2));
cout << \"\ ** Press any key to continue **\ \";
getchar();
return 0;
}
template
void printList(list list1)
{
cout << \" \";
// Use an iterator to walk the list. Print the value of
// for each node.
typename list::iterator itr;
for (itr = list1.begin(); itr != list1.end(); itr++)
{
// Get the contents of each node
Object value = (*itr);
// Print the value of the node
cout << \" \" << value;
}
cout << endl;
return;
}
template
list getElements(list L, list P)
{
//A result list to return to the caller
list resultList;
// TODO: Implement the details for the function.
return resultList;
}
Solution
/**
* List.cpp - Thi.
01-intro_stacks.ppt
This document discusses the introduction to data structures and algorithms. It covers course objectives including learning basic data structures like stacks and abstract data types. It defines abstract data types and lists the stack abstract data type. It provides examples of stack operations and applications. It demonstrates using a Stack class in Java and limitations/idioms when using stacks. It poses an exercise to use a stack to check if parentheses and curly brackets are balanced in a string. Finally, it discusses Eclipse concepts like the workspace, projects, and perspectives.
Java 1.5 - whats new and modern patterns (2007)
JDK 1.5 introduced many new language features and patterns including generics, autoboxing, varargs, enums, enhanced for loops, and annotations. It also improved concurrency support and tools. Generics allow stronger typing by making collections type-safe. Autoboxing automates wrapping primitives for object-oriented code.
JAVALAB #8 - ARRAY BASED LISTSThe next exercise is based on this.pdf
JAVA
LAB #8 - ARRAY BASED LISTS
The next exercise is based on this implemetation for an UnorderedArrayList of integers:
//Interface: ArrayListADT
//works for int
public interface ArrayListADT {
public boolean isEmpty(); //Method to determine whether the list is empty.
public boolean isFull(); //Method to determine whether the list is full.
public int listSize(); //Method to return the number of elements in the list.
public int maxListSize(); //Method to return the maximum size of the list.
public void print(); //Method to output the elements of the list.
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item); //Method to determine whether item is
the same as the item in the list at location.
public void insertAt(int location, int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem in the list at
the position
public void insertEnd(int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem at the end of the list.
public void removeAt(int location); //Method to remove the item from the list at location.
public int retrieveAt(int location); //Method to retrieve the element from the list at location.
public void replaceAt(int location, int repItem); //Method to replace the element in the list at
location with repItem.
public void clearList(); //Method to remove all the elements from the list.
public int search(int searchItem); //Method to determine whether searchItem is in the list.
public void remove(int removeItem); //Method to remove an item from the list.
}
//Class: ArrayListClass implements
//Interface: ArrayListADT
public abstract class ArrayListClass implements ArrayListADT {
protected int length; //to store the length of the list
protected int maxSize; //to store the maximum size of the list
protected int[] list; //array to hold the list elements
//Default constructor
public ArrayListClass() {
maxSize = 100;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
//Alternate Constructor
public ArrayListClass(int size) {
if(size <= 0) {
System.err.println(\"The array size must be positive. Creating an array of size 100.\");
maxSize = 100;
}
else
maxSize = size;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return (length == 0);
}
public boolean isFull() {
return (length == maxSize);
}
public int listSize() {
return length;
}
public int maxListSize() {
return maxSize;
}
public void print() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
System.out.print(list[i] + \" \");
System.out.println();
}
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length) {
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be compared is out of range.\");
return false;
}
return list[location]== item;
}
public void clearList() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
list[i] = 0;
length = 0;
System.gc(); //invoke the Java garbage collector
}
public void removeAt(int location) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length)
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be removed is out of range.\");
else {
for(int i = location; i < length - 1; i++)
list[i] = list[i + 1.
Sorting & Linked Lists
The document discusses sorting algorithms, abstract data types (ADTs), and linked lists. It describes selection sort and insertion sort algorithms for sorting arrays. It then explains that linked lists are a more flexible data structure than arrays and defines a singly linked list as an ADT with nodes that point to the next node in the list. Functions for typical linked list operations like insertion, deletion, checking if empty, and printing the list are discussed.
Write a class ArrayList that represents an array of integers. Init.pdf
Write a class ArrayList that represents an array of integers. Initially it has a capacity of 1 and is
“empty”.
At any time, it can be partially full, so it keeps track of its current occupied size, as well as its
capacity
(true size).
Write a class ArrayList that represents an array of integers. Initially it has a capacity of 1 and is
“empty”.
At any time, it can be partially full, so it keeps track of its current occupied size, as well as its
capacity
(true size).
However the output for the prime numbers 1 -50 is incorrect. Displaying numbers like 0, 625 for
prime numbers.
This is my code with the main method below
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class ArrayList
{
private:
int *array;
int capacity, asize;
public:
int size();
ArrayList();
int & operator [](unsigned int);
void push_back(int);
void erase(int m);
string toString();
};
// 1.a: Default constructor used to unitialize the array with capacity=1
ArrayList::ArrayList()
{
asize = 0;
capacity = 1;
array = new int[capacity];
}
// This function returns the actual size of array
int ArrayList::size()
{
return asize;
}
// 1.b:The overloaded [] oprtaor return element at ith position in array
int & ArrayList::operator [](unsigned int i)
{
if(i >= asize)
{
cout << \"invalid reference \";
exit(0);
}
return *(array + i);
}
//1.c: This function push m at the end of the array
void ArrayList::push_back(int m)
{
// this condition checks if size is beyond capacity or not. if so double the capacity.
if(asize == capacity)
{
capacity = 2 * capacity;
int *temp = new int[capacity];
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++)
temp[i] = array[i];
array = new int[capacity];
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++)
array[i] = temp[i];
}
array[asize] = m;
asize = asize + 1;
}
void ArrayList::erase(int m){
int pos = -1;
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++){
if(array[i] == m){
pos = i;
break;
}
}
if(pos == -1){
cout << \"Element not present\ \";
}
else{
for(int i = pos; i < asize - 1; i++){
array[i] = array[i + 1];
}
}
asize--;
if(asize == capacity / 2)
{
capacity = capacity / 2;
int *temp = new int[capacity];
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++)
temp[i] = array[i];
array = new int[capacity];
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++)
array[i] = temp[i];
}
}
string ArrayList::toString(){
string str = \"[\";
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++){
ostringstream oss;
oss << array[i];
str += oss.str();
if(i != asize - 1){
str += \", \";
}
}
str += \"]\";
return str;
}
//---------------------------
//You can test above class by using main() below
int main()
{
ArrayList arr; // call ro default constructor
for (int i = 1; i <= 50; i++)
{
arr.push_back(i); // call to push_back()
}
cout << \"Should contain numbers 1..50, is \";
cout << arr.toString();
cout << \"\ \";
return 0;
}
This is my code with the main method below
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class ArrayList
{
private:
int *array;
int capacity, asize;
public:
int size();
ArrayList();
int & operator [](unsigned int);
void push_back(int);
void erase(int m);
string toString();
};
// 1.a:.
List,Stacks and Queues.pptx
This document discusses different abstract data types (ADTs) including lists, stacks, and queues. It provides details on the operations and implementations of each:
- The List ADT can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Common list operations like insertion and deletion have linear runtime for arrays but constant time for linked lists.
- A stack is a restricted list that only allows insertions and deletions at one end, following the last-in first-out (LIFO) principle. Stacks are often used for function calls and in operating systems.
- A queue is a list with first-in first-out (FIFO) restrictions, commonly used in operating systems and algorithms for organizing access to shared
DS UNIT 1.pdf
This document provides an overview of data structures and algorithms. It defines data structures as organized storage for data that allows for efficient access and updating. There are two main categories of data structures - linear and non-linear. Common linear data structures include arrays and linked lists, while trees and graphs are examples of non-linear data structures. The document then focuses on array data structures, providing details on one-dimensional and two-dimensional arrays including representation, insertion, deletion, and traversal algorithms. It also covers common abstract data types like stacks and queues.
DS UNIT 1.pdf
This document provides an overview of data structures and algorithms. It defines data structures as a way to store and organize data for efficient access and updating. There are two main categories of data structures - linear and non-linear. Common linear data structures include arrays and linked lists, while trees and graphs are examples of non-linear data structures. The document also describes common operations for stacks and queues like push, pop, enqueue and dequeue. It concludes by discussing different notations for writing arithmetic expressions like infix, prefix and postfix notations.
C++ Program It is only 1 rotation. Up-rotation of a stack. Write a.pdf
C++ Program: It is only 1 rotation. Up-rotation of a stack. Write a function stack upRotate(Stack
s) which returns the up-rotation of a stack (the top node is moved to the bottom) Down-rotation
of a stack. Write a function stack downRotate(Stack s) which returns the down-rotation of a
stack (the top node is moved to the bottom). For this assignment append all member functions of
Node to the provided Node.h header file (for simplicity, implement them in the header). All the
functions which use Stack should go in a main.cpp. Note that for Node, you are creating member
functions, or methods. For stack, you are creating functions. The difference is important. You
cannot add to the public/private data of Node or Stack; you must keep them as such. You must
demonstrate all the functions you create in main.cpp! For example, if you are doing list
problems, load list with some numbers, such as 2 3 5 7. Then demonstrate your rotations,
reversals, etc. by printing out the list before/after the function call. Label your output
appropriately so that I can grade it easily.
Solution
#define MAXLEN 100
typedef struct {
char element [MAXLEN];
int top;
}stack;
stack init()
{
stack S;
s.top= -1;
return S;
}
int isempty( stack S)
{
return(S.top== -1)
}int isFull( stack S)
{
return(S.top == MAXLEN -1);
}
char top(stack s)
{
if (isEmpty(s))
{
fprintf(stderr, \"top: Empty stack\ \");
return \'\\0\';
}
return S.element[S.top];
}
stack push(stack S char ch)
{
if (isFull(s)) {
fprintf(stderr, \"push:Full stack\ \");
return S;
}
++S.top;
S.element[S.top]=ch;
return S;
}
stack pop(stack S)
{
if (isEmpty(S)){
fprintf(stedrr,\"pop:Empty stack\ \");
return S;
}
--S.top;
returm S;
}
void print(stack S)
{
int i;
for(i=S.top; i >-0; --i) printf(\"%c\",S.element[i]);
}
Here is a possible main() function calling these routines:
int main()
stack S;
S=int(); printf(\"Current stack:\"); print(S); printf(\"with top=%c.\ \", top(S));
S=push(S,\'d\'); printf(\"Current Stack:\"); print(S);printf(\"with top =%c.\ \",top(S));
S=push(S\',f\'); printf(\"Current stack:\"); print(S); printf(\"with top =%c.\ \", top(S));
S=push(S,\'a\'); printf(\"Current stack:\"); print(S); printf(\"with top =%c.\ \" ,top(S));
S=pop(S); printf(\"Current stack :\"); printf(S); printf(\"with top=%c.\ \",top(S));
S=push(S,\'x\'); printf(\"Current stack:\"); printf(S); printf(\"with top=%c.\ \",top(S));
S=pop(S); printf(\"Current stack:\"); printf(S); printf(\"with top=%c.\ \",top(S));
S=pop(S); printf(\"Current stack:\"); printf(S); printf(\"with top =%C.\ \",top(S));
S=pop(S); printf(\"Current stack:\"); printf(S); prientf(\" with top=%c.\ \",top(S));
S=pop(S); print(\"Current stack:\"); printf(S); printf(\"with top=%c.\ \", top(S));
Here is the complete progrem. the output of the program is given beloe:
top: Empty stack
Current stack : with top =.
Current stack : d with top = d.
Current stack : fd with top = f.
Current stack : afd with top = a.
Current stack : fd with top = f.
Current stack : xfd with top = x.
9781439035665 ppt ch09
The document discusses arrays in Java programming. It covers key topics such as:
- Declaring and initializing one-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays
- Common array operations like accessing elements, loops, finding max/min values
- Passing arrays as parameters and returning arrays from methods
- Exceptions like array index out of bounds
- Variable-length parameters and foreach loops for arrays
Data Structure In C#
This document discusses various data structures in C#, including arrays, lists, queues, stacks, hash tables, and more. It provides code examples and explains the time complexity of common operations for each data structure. Asymptotic analysis and big-O notation are introduced for analyzing how efficiently a data structure handles operations as its size increases.
Please complete the assignment listed below.Define and explain, us.docx
Please complete the assignment listed below.
Define and explain, using at least five sentence or on-task bullet notes for each. Each answer earns up to five points. For each answer, please make five different substantive points, earning one point each.
Transnational corporation
Gentrification
Renewable resources
Desertification
Photochemical smog
Biodiversity
Barriers to migration
Hierarchical diffusion
Militant fundamentalism
Urbanization
Eastern European cities
Hazardous waste
The Endangered Species Act
Subsidence
Water Quality
Deforestation
Wetlands
Central place theory
Soil degradation
Hydraulic fracturing (fracking)
Wind power
Oil sands
Models of urban form
Hinterland
Agglomeration economies
.
Please cite sources for each question. Do not use the same sources f.docx
Please cite sources for each question. Do not use the same sources for each question. Minimum of 2 resources and 300 words.
Briefly contrast the views of Locke and Rousseau on how children develop.
a) What do ethologists, such as Lorenz, mean by imprinting on a parent-figure?
b) What observations led Bowlby to suggest that imprinting occurs in human infants? That is, what parallels between human infants and other species did he point to?
"For children to learn, we must praise their correct responses and correct their mistakes." Would Montessori agree? Explain.
What did Werner mean by "microgenesis" and "microgenetic mobility?" Give examples. Discuss some valuable aspects of these concepts.
Piaget's critics charge that he made development appear too slow. Discuss this criticism with respect to either: a) object permanence, b) conservation training, or c) Kamii's teaching methods. Then, describe the Piagetian approach.
Compare conventional and postconventional morality in Kohlberg's theory.
.
More Related Content
Similar to When we first examined the array based and node based implementations.docx
Mysql
MySQL is an open-source relational database management system based on SQL. It allows users to create, modify, and access database tables using standard SQL commands. Basic MySQL commands include CREATE TABLE, DROP TABLE, SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE.
There are a couple of new methods that you will be writing for this pr.pdf
There are a couple of new methods that you will be writing for this project. Some are easy, some
are hard. I have provided code that tests most of the methods by calling them from the main
method in the file ListTest.java. The test file will only work when you have done all the
methods. In COMP182LinkedList.java I have provided the signature (definition and input
parameters) for these methods. At this point to make sure you can run the file
(COMP182LinkedList.java that you downloaded from Cavas) I have added template values as
return types of the methods. For example, if the method returns an int then I added return 0 as the
return value. Here are the methods are as follows: Anything getFixst () Anything getLast () void
add (Anything value) void addafter (1nt index, Anyehtng value) Anything set(int index,
Rnything aewvalue) void removeAl1 (Anything vaiue) lastIndex (Anything value)
COMP182IinkedIi ateAnything; elone boolean equala (object in) CoMP182IinkedList
KAnythang? gplat () boolean hascycle () Node reveraeliat () Node oddeventiat () Node
deleteDuplicates () boolean ispalindrome () "For the last two methods, you need to add proper
testing to ListTest Java Method Specifications Here are more details for implementing each of
these methods. You need to complete all the following methods in the COMP182LinkedList
class. You can write the methods in any order you wish, but I suggest you do them in the order
they are listed. In particular, make sure all your methods work for empty lists, lists of different
sizes, etc as you can see from the sample test cases provided in ListTest.java. While grading your
project, we will make changes to these values! Also, make sure that your solutions do not modify
the original lists (unless you are specifically instructed to do so). roid main(String[] args) You
can use this method in the ListTest class to create lists as needed and test each of the methods
listed above. I have provided a few test cases, but you may want to add more to some of the
method tests. Until you get add working, you will need to use addFirst to create lists to test your
other methods. Anything getFirsto This method returns the value stored in the first node an the
list. It should prit an error message and seturn null if the list is empty. Anything getLasto This
method returns the value stored in the last node in the list. It should print an error mesiage and
retuin noll if the list is emipty. void add(Anything value) Thus method adds a nade containing
new yalue to the end of the last. This method returns the value stored in the first node in the list.
It should print an error message and return null if the list is empty. Anything getLast0 This
method returns the value stored in the last node in the list. It should print an error message and
retum null if the list is empty: void add(Anything value) This method adds a node containing
new value to the end of the list. void addAfter(int index, Anything value) This method adds a
node contai.
C++ program Revising the Array-Based List ADT Given the data structure.docx
C++ program
Revising the Array-Based List ADT
Given the data structure
typedef char *Element;
struct List {
Element *data;
int count;
int capacity;
};
Modify the following insertTail operations, instead of returning false when the array is full, the function should attempt to double the capacity of the list and the old array list is copied into the new array list, and then insert new element. Given the following implementation to modify:
bool insertTail(List* l, Element e) {
if (fullList(l)) {
return false;
} else {
l->data[l->count] = e;
l->count++;
return true;
}
}
Solution
Creating tempElement array.. and copy old elements. Then replace old array with new temp Array. And also we need to update capacity of list.
bool insertTail(List* l, Element e) {
if (fullList(l)) {
// temp list declared with double size
int tempCount = l->count;
Element * temp = new Element[2*tempCount];
// copying old list to new list
for(int i=0; i<tempCount; i++){
temp[i] = list->data[i];
}
//now referencing old array with new array
l->data = temp;
l->capacity = 2*tempCount;
}
// no else condition.. it will continue to insert
l->data[l->count] = e;
l->count++;
return true;
}
.
Please code in C++ and do only the �TO DO�s and all of them. There a.pdf
The document provides instructions to complete the implementation of a doubly linked list (List) and queue (Queue) data structures in C++. It includes a List.h file with the definition of the List class and its iterator. There are TODO comments throughout for various methods that need to be implemented, including constructors, destructors, iterators, capacity functions, element access functions, insertion/removal functions, and an equality operator for Queue. It also includes a Queue.h file with the definition of the Queue class using List as its underlying container.
BackgroundIn many applications, the composition of a collection o.pdf
Background:
In many applications, the composition of a collection of data items changes over time. Not only
are new data items added and existing ones removed, but data items may be duplicated. A list
data structure is a member of the general category of abstract data types called containers, whose
purpose is to hold other objects. In C++, lists are provided in the Standard Template Library.
However, for this assignment you will design and write your own linked list implementation to
support the ADT operations specified below.
Objective:
Design and implement the specifications for a List Abstract Data Type where the items in the list
are unsorted.
Requirements:
Define a list and develop a set of operations for creating and manipulating a list that satisfies the
list ADT specification.
List ADT Specification
Structure: The list elements are of ItemType. The list has a property called the current position
which designates the position of the last element accessed by GetNextItem during an iteration
through the list. Only ResetList and GetNextItem alter the current position.
Definitions (provided by the user):
MAX_ITEMS: A constant specifying the maximum capacity of items allowed on the list
Item Type: Class encapsulating the type of items in the list
RelationType: An enumeration type that consists of LESS, GREATER, EQUAL
Member function of ItemType that must be included:
RelationType ComparedTo(ItemType Item)
Function: Determines the ordering of two ItemType objects based on their keys
Precondition: Self and item have their key members initialized
Postcondition:
Function value = LESS if the key of self is less than the key of item
= GREATER if the key of self is greater than the key of item
= EQUAL if the keys are equal
Operations (provided by Unsorted List ADT)
Make Empty
Function: Initializes list to empty state
Preconditions: None
Postcondition: List is empty
Boolean IsFull
Function: Determines whether list is full
Preconditions: List has been initialized
Postcondition: Function value = (list is full)
int GetLength
Function: Determines the number of elements in list
Preconditions: List has been initialized
Postcondition: Function value = number of elements in list
ItemType GetItem(Item Typeitem, Boolean& found)
Function: Get list element whose key matches item’s key (if present)
Preconditions: List has been initialized
Key member of item is initialized
Postcondition: If there is an element someItem whose keymatches item’s key, then found =
true and copy of someItemis returned; otherwise found = false and item is returned
List is unchanged
PutItem(ItemType item)
Function: Puts item into list
Preconditions: List has been initialized
List is not full
Item is not in list
Postcondition: Item is in the list
DeleteItem(ItemType item)
Function: Deletes the element whose key matches item’s key
Preconditions: List has been initialized
Postcondition: One and only one element in list has a key matching item’s key
ResetList
Function: Initializes current p.
Programming Assignment Help
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2.(Sorted list array implementation)This sorted list ADT discussed .pdf
2.(Sorted list: array implementation)This sorted list ADT discussed in class should be extended
by the addition of two new methods:
//Interface: ArrayListADT
//works for int
public interface ArrayListADT {
public boolean isEmpty(); //Method to determine whether the list is empty.
public boolean isFull(); //Method to determine whether the list is full.
public int listSize(); //Method to return the number of elements in the list.
public int maxListSize(); //Method to return the maximum size of the list.
public void print(); //Method to output the elements of the list.
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item); //Method to determine whether item is
the same as the item in the list at location.
public void insertAt(int location, int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem in the list at
the position
public void insertEnd(int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem at the end of the list.
public void removeAt(int location); //Method to remove the item from the list at location.
public int retrieveAt(int location); //Method to retrieve the element from the list at location.
public void replaceAt(int location, int repItem); //Method to replace the element in the list at
location with repItem.
public void clearList(); //Method to remove all the elements from the list.
public int search(int searchItem); //Method to determine whether searchItem is in the list.
public void remove(int removeItem); //Method to remove an item from the list.
}
//Class: ArrayListClass implements
//Interface: ArrayListADT
public abstract class ArrayListClass implements ArrayListADT {
protected int length; //to store the length of the list
protected int maxSize; //to store the maximum size of the list
protected int[] list; //array to hold the list elements
//Default constructor
public ArrayListClass() {
maxSize = 100;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
//Alternate Constructor
public ArrayListClass(int size) {
if(size <= 0) {
System.err.println(\"The array size must be positive. Creating an array of size 100.\");
maxSize = 100;
}
else
maxSize = size;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return (length == 0);
}
public boolean isFull() {
return (length == maxSize);
}
public int listSize() {
return length;
}
public int maxListSize() {
return maxSize;
}
public void print() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
System.out.print(list[i] + \" \");
System.out.println();
}
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length) {
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be compared is out of range.\");
return false;
}
return list[location]== item;
}
public void clearList() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
list[i] = 0;
length = 0;
System.gc(); //invoke the Java garbage collector
}
public void removeAt(int location) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length)
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be removed is out of range.\");
else {
for(int i = location; i < length - 1; i++)
list[i] .
Please complete ALL of the �TO DO�s in this code. I am really strugg.pdf
Please complete ALL of the TO DOs in this code. I am really struggling with this assignment.
The last time I posted this question, they did not complete them all. Please do it! There are two
files, list.h and queue.h. I tried to complete this on my own and none of it worked, so I am
posting the template again instead of my nonworking code. Please do not use chatgpt, I think the
last person used it.
list.h:
#pragma once
#include // size_t
#include // std::bidirectional_iterator_tag
#include // std::is_same, std::enable_if
template
class List {
private:
struct Node {
Node *next, *prev;
T data;
explicit Node(Node* prev = nullptr, Node* next = nullptr)
: next{next}, prev{prev} {}
explicit Node(const T& data, Node* prev = nullptr, Node* next = nullptr)
: next{next}, prev{prev}, data{data} {}
explicit Node(T&& data, Node* prev = nullptr, Node* next = nullptr)
: next{next}, prev{prev}, data{std::move(data)} {}
};
template
class basic_iterator {
public:
using iterator_category = std::bidirectional_iterator_tag;
using value_type = T;
using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
using pointer = pointer_type;
using reference = reference_type;
private:
friend class List;
using Node = typename List::Node;
Node* node;
explicit basic_iterator(Node* ptr) noexcept : node{ptr} {}
explicit basic_iterator(const Node* ptr) noexcept : node{const_cast(ptr)} {}
public:
basic_iterator() { /* TODO */ };
basic_iterator(const basic_iterator&) = default;
basic_iterator(basic_iterator&&) = default;
~basic_iterator() = default;
basic_iterator& operator=(const basic_iterator&) = default;
basic_iterator& operator=(basic_iterator&&) = default;
reference operator*() const {
// TODO
}
pointer operator->() const {
// TODO
}
// Prefix Increment: ++a
basic_iterator& operator++() {
// TODO
}
// Postfix Increment: a++
basic_iterator operator++(int) {
// TODO
}
// Prefix Decrement: --a
basic_iterator& operator--() {
// TODO
}
// Postfix Decrement: a--
basic_iterator operator--(int) {
// TODO
}
bool operator==(const basic_iterator& other) const noexcept {
// TODO
}
bool operator!=(const basic_iterator& other) const noexcept {
// TODO
}
};
public:
using value_type = T;
using size_type = size_t;
using difference_type = ptrdiff_t;
using reference = value_type&;
using const_reference = const value_type&;
using pointer = value_type*;
using const_pointer = const value_type*;
using iterator = basic_iterator;
using const_iterator = basic_iterator;
private:
Node head, tail;
size_type _size;
public:
List() {
// TODO - Don't forget to initialize the list beforehand
}
List( size_type count, const T& value ) {
// TODO - Don't forget initialize the list beforehand
}
explicit List( size_type count ) {
// TODO - Don't forget initialize the list beforehand
}
List( const List& other ) {
// TODO - Don't forget initialize the list beforehand
}
List( List&& other ) {
// TODO - Don't forget initialize the list beforehand
}
~List() {
// TODO
}
List& operator=( const List& other ) {
// TODO
}
List& operator=( List&& o.
Implement a function called getElements() that takes in two lists. T.pdf
Implement a function called getElements() that takes in two lists. The first list L consists of any
type of items and the second list P consists of a list of integers. The implemented function will
return a list consisting of the element in L that are in positions indicated by P. For example, if
P=1, 7, 3, then the element in position 1, 7 and 3 in the list L must be returned. The function
must be implemented using the C++ list SLT API. Hint: The implementation for this function
will require some thought. Here are some hints for one approach to solve the problem. Use a for-
loop to walk through list P in a similar way as done in the printList() function. Consider creating
an index variable to track the item number in list L. Also, set the value of the iterator equal to a
variable in this loop. For example: int index = 0; // Track the position int position = (*itr) ; // Get
the item in P Create a second loop embedded within the first loop to walk through the elements
in list L. If the index equals position-1 then you know you have found the element. Thus, call the
push_back() function on the resultList to add the element. At the end of this loop increment the
index variable by 1. Note that your iterator variable for the second loop must be named
differently than the first loop. For example you can all it itr2. Output: The output from the
program once the function is implement will be:
/**
* List.cpp - This program implements and tests the getIntersection
* and getUnion functions.
*
* TODO: Include your name and course number here.
*/
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
template
void printList(list list1);
template
list getElements(list L, list P);
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
// Declare list variables
list list1;
list list2;
// Add data to list 1
list1.push_back(\"the\");
list1.push_back(\"quick\");
list1.push_back(\"brown\");
list1.push_back(\"fox\");
list1.push_back(\"jumped\");
list1.push_back(\"over\");
list1.push_back(\"the\");
list1.push_back(\"lazy\");
list1.push_back(\"dog\");
// Add data to list 2
list2.push_back(4);
list2.push_back(3);
list2.push_back(9);
list2.push_back(6);
list2.push_back(7);
// Print out the lists
cout << \"List 1: \" << endl;
printList(list1);
cout << \"List 2: \" << endl;
printList(list2);
cout << endl;
cout << \"Results of getElements():\" << endl;
printList(getElements(list1, list2));
cout << \"\ ** Press any key to continue **\ \";
getchar();
return 0;
}
template
void printList(list list1)
{
cout << \" \";
// Use an iterator to walk the list. Print the value of
// for each node.
typename list::iterator itr;
for (itr = list1.begin(); itr != list1.end(); itr++)
{
// Get the contents of each node
Object value = (*itr);
// Print the value of the node
cout << \" \" << value;
}
cout << endl;
return;
}
template
list getElements(list L, list P)
{
//A result list to return to the caller
list resultList;
// TODO: Implement the details for the function.
return resultList;
}
Solution
/**
* List.cpp - Thi.
01-intro_stacks.ppt
This document discusses the introduction to data structures and algorithms. It covers course objectives including learning basic data structures like stacks and abstract data types. It defines abstract data types and lists the stack abstract data type. It provides examples of stack operations and applications. It demonstrates using a Stack class in Java and limitations/idioms when using stacks. It poses an exercise to use a stack to check if parentheses and curly brackets are balanced in a string. Finally, it discusses Eclipse concepts like the workspace, projects, and perspectives.
Java 1.5 - whats new and modern patterns (2007)
JDK 1.5 introduced many new language features and patterns including generics, autoboxing, varargs, enums, enhanced for loops, and annotations. It also improved concurrency support and tools. Generics allow stronger typing by making collections type-safe. Autoboxing automates wrapping primitives for object-oriented code.
JAVALAB #8 - ARRAY BASED LISTSThe next exercise is based on this.pdf
JAVA
LAB #8 - ARRAY BASED LISTS
The next exercise is based on this implemetation for an UnorderedArrayList of integers:
//Interface: ArrayListADT
//works for int
public interface ArrayListADT {
public boolean isEmpty(); //Method to determine whether the list is empty.
public boolean isFull(); //Method to determine whether the list is full.
public int listSize(); //Method to return the number of elements in the list.
public int maxListSize(); //Method to return the maximum size of the list.
public void print(); //Method to output the elements of the list.
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item); //Method to determine whether item is
the same as the item in the list at location.
public void insertAt(int location, int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem in the list at
the position
public void insertEnd(int insertItem); //Method to insert insertItem at the end of the list.
public void removeAt(int location); //Method to remove the item from the list at location.
public int retrieveAt(int location); //Method to retrieve the element from the list at location.
public void replaceAt(int location, int repItem); //Method to replace the element in the list at
location with repItem.
public void clearList(); //Method to remove all the elements from the list.
public int search(int searchItem); //Method to determine whether searchItem is in the list.
public void remove(int removeItem); //Method to remove an item from the list.
}
//Class: ArrayListClass implements
//Interface: ArrayListADT
public abstract class ArrayListClass implements ArrayListADT {
protected int length; //to store the length of the list
protected int maxSize; //to store the maximum size of the list
protected int[] list; //array to hold the list elements
//Default constructor
public ArrayListClass() {
maxSize = 100;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
//Alternate Constructor
public ArrayListClass(int size) {
if(size <= 0) {
System.err.println(\"The array size must be positive. Creating an array of size 100.\");
maxSize = 100;
}
else
maxSize = size;
length = 0;
list = new int[maxSize];
}
public boolean isEmpty() {
return (length == 0);
}
public boolean isFull() {
return (length == maxSize);
}
public int listSize() {
return length;
}
public int maxListSize() {
return maxSize;
}
public void print() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
System.out.print(list[i] + \" \");
System.out.println();
}
public boolean isItemAtEqual(int location, int item) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length) {
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be compared is out of range.\");
return false;
}
return list[location]== item;
}
public void clearList() {
for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
list[i] = 0;
length = 0;
System.gc(); //invoke the Java garbage collector
}
public void removeAt(int location) {
if (location < 0 || location >= length)
System.err.println(\"The location of the item to be removed is out of range.\");
else {
for(int i = location; i < length - 1; i++)
list[i] = list[i + 1.
Sorting & Linked Lists
The document discusses sorting algorithms, abstract data types (ADTs), and linked lists. It describes selection sort and insertion sort algorithms for sorting arrays. It then explains that linked lists are a more flexible data structure than arrays and defines a singly linked list as an ADT with nodes that point to the next node in the list. Functions for typical linked list operations like insertion, deletion, checking if empty, and printing the list are discussed.
Write a class ArrayList that represents an array of integers. Init.pdf
Write a class ArrayList that represents an array of integers. Initially it has a capacity of 1 and is
“empty”.
At any time, it can be partially full, so it keeps track of its current occupied size, as well as its
capacity
(true size).
Write a class ArrayList that represents an array of integers. Initially it has a capacity of 1 and is
“empty”.
At any time, it can be partially full, so it keeps track of its current occupied size, as well as its
capacity
(true size).
However the output for the prime numbers 1 -50 is incorrect. Displaying numbers like 0, 625 for
prime numbers.
This is my code with the main method below
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class ArrayList
{
private:
int *array;
int capacity, asize;
public:
int size();
ArrayList();
int & operator [](unsigned int);
void push_back(int);
void erase(int m);
string toString();
};
// 1.a: Default constructor used to unitialize the array with capacity=1
ArrayList::ArrayList()
{
asize = 0;
capacity = 1;
array = new int[capacity];
}
// This function returns the actual size of array
int ArrayList::size()
{
return asize;
}
// 1.b:The overloaded [] oprtaor return element at ith position in array
int & ArrayList::operator [](unsigned int i)
{
if(i >= asize)
{
cout << \"invalid reference \";
exit(0);
}
return *(array + i);
}
//1.c: This function push m at the end of the array
void ArrayList::push_back(int m)
{
// this condition checks if size is beyond capacity or not. if so double the capacity.
if(asize == capacity)
{
capacity = 2 * capacity;
int *temp = new int[capacity];
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++)
temp[i] = array[i];
array = new int[capacity];
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++)
array[i] = temp[i];
}
array[asize] = m;
asize = asize + 1;
}
void ArrayList::erase(int m){
int pos = -1;
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++){
if(array[i] == m){
pos = i;
break;
}
}
if(pos == -1){
cout << \"Element not present\ \";
}
else{
for(int i = pos; i < asize - 1; i++){
array[i] = array[i + 1];
}
}
asize--;
if(asize == capacity / 2)
{
capacity = capacity / 2;
int *temp = new int[capacity];
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++)
temp[i] = array[i];
array = new int[capacity];
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++)
array[i] = temp[i];
}
}
string ArrayList::toString(){
string str = \"[\";
for(int i = 0; i < asize; i++){
ostringstream oss;
oss << array[i];
str += oss.str();
if(i != asize - 1){
str += \", \";
}
}
str += \"]\";
return str;
}
//---------------------------
//You can test above class by using main() below
int main()
{
ArrayList arr; // call ro default constructor
for (int i = 1; i <= 50; i++)
{
arr.push_back(i); // call to push_back()
}
cout << \"Should contain numbers 1..50, is \";
cout << arr.toString();
cout << \"\ \";
return 0;
}
This is my code with the main method below
#include
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class ArrayList
{
private:
int *array;
int capacity, asize;
public:
int size();
ArrayList();
int & operator [](unsigned int);
void push_back(int);
void erase(int m);
string toString();
};
// 1.a:.
List,Stacks and Queues.pptx
This document discusses different abstract data types (ADTs) including lists, stacks, and queues. It provides details on the operations and implementations of each:
- The List ADT can be implemented using arrays or linked lists. Common list operations like insertion and deletion have linear runtime for arrays but constant time for linked lists.
- A stack is a restricted list that only allows insertions and deletions at one end, following the last-in first-out (LIFO) principle. Stacks are often used for function calls and in operating systems.
- A queue is a list with first-in first-out (FIFO) restrictions, commonly used in operating systems and algorithms for organizing access to shared
DS UNIT 1.pdf
This document provides an overview of data structures and algorithms. It defines data structures as organized storage for data that allows for efficient access and updating. There are two main categories of data structures - linear and non-linear. Common linear data structures include arrays and linked lists, while trees and graphs are examples of non-linear data structures. The document then focuses on array data structures, providing details on one-dimensional and two-dimensional arrays including representation, insertion, deletion, and traversal algorithms. It also covers common abstract data types like stacks and queues.
DS UNIT 1.pdf
This document provides an overview of data structures and algorithms. It defines data structures as a way to store and organize data for efficient access and updating. There are two main categories of data structures - linear and non-linear. Common linear data structures include arrays and linked lists, while trees and graphs are examples of non-linear data structures. The document also describes common operations for stacks and queues like push, pop, enqueue and dequeue. It concludes by discussing different notations for writing arithmetic expressions like infix, prefix and postfix notations.
C++ Program It is only 1 rotation. Up-rotation of a stack. Write a.pdf
C++ Program: It is only 1 rotation. Up-rotation of a stack. Write a function stack upRotate(Stack
s) which returns the up-rotation of a stack (the top node is moved to the bottom) Down-rotation
of a stack. Write a function stack downRotate(Stack s) which returns the down-rotation of a
stack (the top node is moved to the bottom). For this assignment append all member functions of
Node to the provided Node.h header file (for simplicity, implement them in the header). All the
functions which use Stack should go in a main.cpp. Note that for Node, you are creating member
functions, or methods. For stack, you are creating functions. The difference is important. You
cannot add to the public/private data of Node or Stack; you must keep them as such. You must
demonstrate all the functions you create in main.cpp! For example, if you are doing list
problems, load list with some numbers, such as 2 3 5 7. Then demonstrate your rotations,
reversals, etc. by printing out the list before/after the function call. Label your output
appropriately so that I can grade it easily.
Solution
#define MAXLEN 100
typedef struct {
char element [MAXLEN];
int top;
}stack;
stack init()
{
stack S;
s.top= -1;
return S;
}
int isempty( stack S)
{
return(S.top== -1)
}int isFull( stack S)
{
return(S.top == MAXLEN -1);
}
char top(stack s)
{
if (isEmpty(s))
{
fprintf(stderr, \"top: Empty stack\ \");
return \'\\0\';
}
return S.element[S.top];
}
stack push(stack S char ch)
{
if (isFull(s)) {
fprintf(stderr, \"push:Full stack\ \");
return S;
}
++S.top;
S.element[S.top]=ch;
return S;
}
stack pop(stack S)
{
if (isEmpty(S)){
fprintf(stedrr,\"pop:Empty stack\ \");
return S;
}
--S.top;
returm S;
}
void print(stack S)
{
int i;
for(i=S.top; i >-0; --i) printf(\"%c\",S.element[i]);
}
Here is a possible main() function calling these routines:
int main()
stack S;
S=int(); printf(\"Current stack:\"); print(S); printf(\"with top=%c.\ \", top(S));
S=push(S,\'d\'); printf(\"Current Stack:\"); print(S);printf(\"with top =%c.\ \",top(S));
S=push(S\',f\'); printf(\"Current stack:\"); print(S); printf(\"with top =%c.\ \", top(S));
S=push(S,\'a\'); printf(\"Current stack:\"); print(S); printf(\"with top =%c.\ \" ,top(S));
S=pop(S); printf(\"Current stack :\"); printf(S); printf(\"with top=%c.\ \",top(S));
S=push(S,\'x\'); printf(\"Current stack:\"); printf(S); printf(\"with top=%c.\ \",top(S));
S=pop(S); printf(\"Current stack:\"); printf(S); printf(\"with top=%c.\ \",top(S));
S=pop(S); printf(\"Current stack:\"); printf(S); printf(\"with top =%C.\ \",top(S));
S=pop(S); printf(\"Current stack:\"); printf(S); prientf(\" with top=%c.\ \",top(S));
S=pop(S); print(\"Current stack:\"); printf(S); printf(\"with top=%c.\ \", top(S));
Here is the complete progrem. the output of the program is given beloe:
top: Empty stack
Current stack : with top =.
Current stack : d with top = d.
Current stack : fd with top = f.
Current stack : afd with top = a.
Current stack : fd with top = f.
Current stack : xfd with top = x.
9781439035665 ppt ch09
The document discusses arrays in Java programming. It covers key topics such as:
- Declaring and initializing one-dimensional and multi-dimensional arrays
- Common array operations like accessing elements, loops, finding max/min values
- Passing arrays as parameters and returning arrays from methods
- Exceptions like array index out of bounds
- Variable-length parameters and foreach loops for arrays
Data Structure In C#
This document discusses various data structures in C#, including arrays, lists, queues, stacks, hash tables, and more. It provides code examples and explains the time complexity of common operations for each data structure. Asymptotic analysis and big-O notation are introduced for analyzing how efficiently a data structure handles operations as its size increases.
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e
galite,
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The most interesting thing about this chapter is that it helps people and scholars to develop skills to influence strategy in nowadays changing healthcare environment. The topic also contributes an extensive range of themes in strategies and politics, offering more complete contextual that can be in other policies textbook in the market (Mason, Leavitt, & Chaffee, 2013). The topics also entail up-to-date updates concerning conflict organization, health economics, politicization, use of media as well as working with societies for change. Reviewed copy take account of new supplement with coverage of advanced reasonably priced care act. According to this perceptions and strategies, every individual will be equipped and ready to play a leadership role under four spheres where nurses are governmentally efficient, the workstation, government, specialized organization as well as the community (American Nurses Association, 2010). The topic has helped me to know more of nursing and healthcare policies and politics.
In thus, have understood that the concept of nursing policies influences can be defined as a nursing ability to have active, effective on decision making as well as affairs connected to health care by use of power, support, and strategy capability, and establishing or strengthening images. The nursing policy and politics within a healthcare connect to my clinical practices because as a nurse, I should view myself as a professional with the ability and being responsible for influencing recent and forthcoming health care conveyance system. But to attain this, there must be the presence of policies that define and assimilate suitable standards for healthcare delivery as well as addressing essential conditions for that care to happen.
References
American Nurses Association. (2010).
Nursing's social policy statement: The essence of the profession
. Nursesbooks. org.
Mason, D. J., Leavitt, J. K., & Chaffee, M. W. (2013).
Policy and Politics in Nursing and Healthcare-Revised Reprint
. Elsevier Health Sciences.
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Points Possible
Your Points
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Introduction/Conclusion
2
History/Origins of Theory
3
Major Precepts of Theory
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First, the main theological point of Islam is that Allah is one.
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1. 12
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1)
XYZ Company had three defined benefit plans with the following information:
12 Points
Plan 1
Plan 2
Plan 3
Expected Payment over next year
3,500,000
3,500,000
3,500,000
Fair Value of Plan Assets
5,000,000
6,000,000
3,000,000
Projected Benefit Obligation
7,000,000
5,500,000
4,500,000
Record the over/(under) funded status of each plan. Then determine the balance sheet presentation based on the over/(under) funded status. (Input an amount in each yellow cell. If zero, input zero.)
Plan 1
Plan 2
Plan 3
Over/ (Under) Funded Status
Noncurrent Asset
Current Liability**
Noncurrent Liability
** Think about the expected payment over the next year compared to the Plan Assets available.
2)
XYZ Company received the following information from its actuary team for the
10 points
year pertaining to one of its defined benefit plans:
Service Cost
120,000
Interest on Projected Benefit Obligation
55,000
Expected Return on Plan Assets
30,000
Amortization of Prior Service Cost
15,000
Amortization of Actuarial Gain
10,000
Calculate the Pension Expense for the year (show all items included in the calculation):
3)
At the end of year, XYZ Corporation had the following pension related information in addition to the above information:
12 points
12/31/X1
12/31/X2
Fair Value of Plan Assets
405,000
505,000
Projected Benefit Obligation
1,065,000
1,035,000
Funded Status
(660,000)
(530,000)
Record the Necessary Journal Entries:
Entry to record Service Cost, Interest Cost and Return on Plan Assets:
Account Name:
Debit
Credit
Amortization of Prior Service Cost and/or Actuarial Losses:
Account Name:
Debit
Credit
Amortization of Actuarial Gains:
Account Name:
Debit
Credit
4)
a) Identify a US Company that offers a Defined Benefit Plan and review the 10K information for 2016 of the identified company and provide a brief analysis based on footnotes related to the plan.
3 points
b) Include screenshots to report the Funded Status and Pension Expense information for the selected plan.
1 Points
c) Record the associated journal entries based on the screenshots for that company.
12 points
Entry to record Service Cost, Interest Cost and Return on Plan Assets:
Account Name:
Debit
Credit
Amortization of Prior Serv.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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- 1. When we first examined the array based and node based implementations of the List ADT, there was one difference in the interface: The array based version had a capacity parameter in the CreateList function. This parameter was used to determine the fixed maximum capacity of the List. In this exercise, you will revise the pseudocode for the Array based ADT to remove the fixed capacity limit. Only one of the List operations should have a change to its header: Creating an array-based List should now take zero parameters, and should initially create an array based List with a capacity of 1 element. All other operations should have unchanged headers In each of the insert operations, instead of returning false when the array is full, the algorithm should attempt to "grow" the capacity of the list, and then insert. To reduce the workload of this assignment, you only need to provide revised pseudocode for insertTail, not the other insert operations. The other operations would be modified in the same way. a new growList operation will be needed to increase the capacity of the list. This operation will be used by insertTail. If we were completely revising the array based List ADT, we would also use this grow operation in insertHead, and insertAfter. The grow operation should: o should now take zero parameters, and should initally create an array based ist with a capacity o o 1. 2. allocate a new larger array copy the contents of the old array into the new array Solution #include<stdio.h> #include<alloc.h>
- 2. #include<conio.h> struct list { int capacity; int size; int *array; }; typedef struct list *ptrToNode; typedef ptrToNode LIST; typedef int POSITION; int Isempty(LIST L) { return L->size==0; } void MakeEmpty(LIST L) { if(Isempty(L)) printf(" LIST is already Empty"); else { L->size=0; printf(" Now List becomes Empty"); }
- 3. } LIST Createlist(int max) { LIST L; L=(struct list*)malloc(sizeof(struct list)); if(L==NULL) printf(" Fatal Error"); else { L->capacity=max; L->array=(int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*max); if(L->array==NULL) printf(" Fatal Error"); else { L->size=0; printf(" List is Created successfully"); } } return L; } int Isfull(LIST L) {
- 4. return L->size==L->capacity; } void Insert(int x,LIST L,POSITION P) { int i; if(Isfull(L)) printf(" List is Full"); else { for(i=L->size-1;i>=P;i--) L->array[i+1]=L->array[i]; L->size++; L->array[P]=x; } } POSITION Findprevious(int x,LIST L) { POSITION P; P=-1; while(P!=L->size&&L->array[P+1]!=x) { P++; }
- 5. return P; } POSITION Find(int x,LIST L) { POSITION P; P=0; while(P!=L->size&&L->array[P]!=x) { P++; } return P; } void Delete(int x,LIST L) { int i; POSITION P; P=Find(x,L); if(P==L->size) printf(" Element not found in the list"); else { for(i=P;i<L->size;i++)
- 6. L->array[i]=L->array[i+1]; L->size--; } } LIST Deletelist(LIST L) { MakeEmpty(L); free(L); L=NULL; return L; } void Display(LIST L) { int i; for(i=0;i<L->size;i++) printf(" %d",L->array[i]); } “Larray.c” File: #include"Larray.h" #include<stdlib.h> void main()
- 7. { LIST L=NULL; POSITION P; int a,choice,ch,element; clrscr(); printf(" 1.Create 2.Insert 3.Delete 4.Display 5.MakeEmpty 6.Find 7.IsEmpty 8.IsFull 9.Deletelist 10.Exit "); A: printf(" Enter Ur Option:t"); scanf("%d",&choice); switch(choice) { case 1: if(L==NULL) L=Createlist(5); else printf(" List is already created"); break; case 2: if(L==NULL) printf(" List is not yet created"); else { printf(" Enter the Element to insert:t");
- 8. scanf("%d",&element); if(L->size==0) Insert(element,L,0); else { printf(" where u want to insert?t1:Frontt2:Backt3:middlet::: "); scanf("%d",&ch); if(ch==1) Insert(element,L,0); else if(ch==2) Insert(element,L,L->size); else if(ch==3) { printf(" Where you want to insert:t"); scanf("%d",&a); P=Find(a,L); if(P<L->size) Insert(element,L,P); else printf(" Element is not in the list"); }
- 9. else printf(" Ur choice is not available"); } } break; case 3: if(L==NULL) printf(" List is not yet created"); if(Isempty(L)) printf(" List is empty"); else { printf(" Enter the element to delete:t"); scanf("%d",&a); Delete(a,L); } break; case 4: if(L==NULL) printf(" List is not yet created"); else if(Isempty(L)) printf(" List is empty"); else {
- 10. printf(" Elements present in the list are:"); Display(L); } break; case 5: if(L==NULL) printf(" List is not yet created "); else MakeEmpty(L); break; case 6: if(L==NULL) printf(" Not yet created"); else if(Isempty(L)) printf(" List is empty"); else { printf(" which element is to find:t"); scanf("%d",&a); P=Find(a,L); printf(" Element is at %dt[0 to 4 means present]t[5 means not present]",P); }
- 11. break; case 7: if(L==NULL) printf(" Not yet created"); else if(Isempty(L)) printf(" List is empty"); else printf(" List is not empty"); break; case 8: if(L==NULL) printf(" Not yet created"); else if(Isfull(L)) printf(" List is FULL"); else printf(" List is not FULL"); break; case 9: if(L==NULL) printf(" Not yet created"); else { L=Deletelist(L);
- 12. printf(" List is Deleted"); } break; case 10: exit (0); break; default: printf(" *******WRONG ENTRY*******"); break; } goto A; }