Having trouble getting selenium WebDriver to do what you want? Want to put together a Swiss Army library for WebDriver? Thinking about creating your own framework? This presentation will show you some of the most common functions you can do in WebDriver. These functions come from my current automation framework, my automation experience, and from common trends on the WebDriver Google group.

1. An Doan
Portland Selenium Users Group
July 19th, 2012

2.  Problem: I have some javascript or AJAX that
runs after the DOM is loaded.
 Solution: User WebDriverWait
◦ Repeats a function until one of the following
conditions are met
 the function returns neither null nor false
 the function throws an unignored exception
 the timeout expires
 the current thread is interrupted

3. WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, timeoutsec);
WebElement element = Wait.until(myCondition);
ExpectedCondition<WebElement> myCondition = new ExpectedCondition<WebElement>()
{
public WebElement apply(WebDriver d)
{
return d.findElement(By.id(“someid"));
}
}
WebElement element = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeClickable(By.id("someid")));
titleIs frameToBeAvailableAndSwitchToIt PresenseOfElement visibilityOfElement
visibilityOf presenceOfAllElementsLocatedBy textToBePresentInElement textToBePresentInElementByValue
titleContains invisibilityOfElementLocated elementToBeClickable elementToBeSelected
stalenessOf elementSelectionStateToBe elementToBeSelected elementSelectionStateToBe

4.  Problem: My test environment or test case
requires me to edit some cookies or create
new cookies.
 Solution:
driver.manage.getCookieNamed(cookieName)
driver.manage.addCookie(cookie)
myDriver.manage().getCookieNamed(“sesssionID”);
Cookie cookie = new Cookie(name, value, domain, path, expiry, isSecure);
myDriver.manage().addCookie(cookie);

5.  Problem: I just clicked on a link and it opened
a new window, now what?
 Solution: Switch to the window using
driver.switchTo.window(“windowHandle”)
◦ Iterate through all window handles to find the new
window, wither by title or url
◦ Switch to the window using the window handle

6. public String switchToWindow(String title)
{
try
{
if (prevWindow == null || prevWindow != title)
{
prevWindow = myDriver.getTitle();
prevWindowHandle = myDriver.getWindowHandle();
myLog.logTcStep("Saved Prev Window Title:" + prevWindow);
}
myLog.logTcStep("Switching To Window Title:" + title);
return getHandleByTitle(title);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
return null;
}

7. private String getHandleByTitle(String title)
{
String currentHandle = myDriver.getWindowHandle();
for (String handle : myDriver.getWindowHandles())
{
if (title.equals(myDriver.switchTo().window (handle).getTitle()))
{
myLog.logStep("Found new window handle by title: " + handle);
return handle;
}
}
myLog.logStep("Could not find new window handle by title");
return currentHandle;
}

8. private String getHandleByUrl(String url)
{
String currentHandle = myDriver.getWindowHandle();
for (String handle : myDriver.getWindowHandles())
{
if ((myDriver.switchTo().window (handle).getCurrentUrl()).contains(url))
{
return handle;
}
}
return currentHandle;
}

9.  Problem: When I click on a link it opens a
popup window, how do I close it when I am
done validating it?
 Solution: Use window handles and
driver.switchTo().window().close()
◦ Iterate through the window handles
◦ Close everything else but the main window

10. String currentWindow = myDriver.getWindowHandle();
Set<String> windows = myDriver.getWindowHandles();
for (Iterator<String> iterator = windows.iterator(); iterator.hasNext();)
{
String string = (String) iterator.next();
if (!currentWindow.equals(string))
{
myDriver.switchTo().window(string).close();
myDriver.switchTo().window(currentWindow);
Util.sleep(1000);
return true;
}
}
return false;

11.  Problem: The developer for my application
likes to use a lot of iframes and Selenium
doesn’t seem to work.
 Solution: Use
driver.switchTo().frame(iFrameName)
driver.switchTo().frame(iFrameIndex)
◦ Switches context to the frame
◦ Return to default context with
myDriver.switchTo().defaultContent();

12. List<WebElement> elements = myDriver.findElements(By.tagName("iframe"));
if (elements != null)
iframes = elements.size();
for (int f = 0; f < iframes ; f++)
{
myDriver.switchTo().frame(f);
try
{
element = myDriver.findElement(locator);
return element;
}catch (Exception e) {}
}
return null;

13.  Problem: I need to hover over and menu and
then click a submenu
 Solution: Use the Action class
hoverOverElement = waitForAndGetElement (locatorForHover);
Actions action = new Actions(myDriver);
action =
action.moveToElement(hoverOverElement).
moveToElement(waitForAndGetElement(locatorForClick)).
click();
action.perform();

14. keyDown click
keyUp doubleClick
sendKeys moveToElement
clickAndHold moveByOffset
release contextClick
dragAndDrop

15.  Problem: An alert window appears and blocks
the automation.
 Solution: Use the Alert class (works most of
the time)

16. try{
Alert alert = myDriver.switchTo().alert();
// And acknowledge the alert (equivalent to clicking "OK")
alert.accept(); //OK
alert.dismiss(); //”X”
alert.sendKeys(Keys.ENTER); //Hit Enter on keyboard
myLog.logTcStep("Closing Alert");
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {
// no alert
myLog.logTcStep("Cannot Close Alert");
e.printStackTrace();
return false;
}

17.  Problem: AndroidDriver does not support
Select, the native spinner pops up
 Solution: Use Javascript injection

18. WebElement select = getElement(locator);
List<WebElement> options = select.findElements(By.tagName("option"));
int optionNum = 0;
for(WebElement option : options){
if(option.getText().equals(selection)) {
try {
((JavascriptExecutor) myDriver).executeScript
("document.getElementById("newLocationSource").options["+
optionNum + "].selected = true");
Util.sleep(2000);
return true;
} catch (Exception e) {}
break;
}
optionNum++;
}

19.  Events not firing?
//send enter key to select box
select. sendKeys(Keys.ENTER)
//dismiss the native spinner
Runtime.getRuntime().exec
("cmd.exe /K "+ env.get("ANDROID_HOME") + “
/platform-tools/adb shell input keyevent 66"); //key enter

21.  Aug. 16th
◦ Open
 Sept. 13th (Moved from the 20th)
◦ Lee Copeland – Topic TBD
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