What is Corrections?
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Corrections involves the administration of programs for treating and rehabilitating offenders, including penal custody, parole, and probation. It includes jails, prisons, and community corrections like probation and parole. Jails are local facilities that hold offenders with short sentences or awaiting trial, while prisons are state or federal facilities that incarcerate convicted offenders for long periods. Community corrections supervises offenders in the community through agencies, organizations, and programs.
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What is Corrections?
Corrections involves the administration of programs for offenders, including penal custody, parole, and probation. It includes jails, prisons, and community corrections like probation and parole. Jails are local facilities that hold offenders with short sentences or awaiting trial, while prisons are state or federal facilities that incarcerate convicted offenders for long periods. Community corrections supervises offenders in the community through agencies, organizations, and programs.
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This chapter discusses community corrections and reentry programs as alternatives to incarceration. It outlines intermediate sanctions like intensive probation supervision and split sentencing that allow offenders to serve part of their sentence in the community under strict conditions. Reentry programs prepare offenders for life after prison through work release, education programs, and halfway houses. The chapter also examines drug treatment courts that provide community-based treatment and supervision for substance abusers instead of incarceration to help break the cycle of addiction and crime.
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This chapter discusses community corrections and reentry programs as alternatives to incarceration. It outlines intermediate sanctions like intensive probation supervision and split sentencing that allow offenders to serve part of their sentence in the community under strict conditions. Reentry programs prepare offenders for life after prison through work release, education programs, and halfway houses. The chapter also examines drug treatment courts that provide community-based treatment and supervision for substance abusers instead of incarceration to help break the cycle of addiction and crime.
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What is Corrections?
Corrections involves the administration of programs for offenders, including penal custody, parole, and probation. It includes jails, prisons, and community corrections like probation and parole. Jails are local facilities that hold offenders with short sentences or awaiting trial, while prisons are state or federal facilities that incarcerate convicted offenders for long periods. Community corrections supervises offenders in the community through agencies, organizations, and programs.
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Community based corrections programs aim to help criminals transition from incarceration back into society through probation, parole, intermediate sanctions, and reentry programs. These programs seek to reduce recidivism by providing services like job training, housing assistance, and substance abuse treatment. They also aim to address prison overcrowding by supervising offenders in the community whenever possible. The goals of these programs are to successfully reintegrate ex-offenders as law-abiding citizens through comprehensive case management.
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The document discusses the history and philosophy of probation. It begins by defining probation as a period of supervision over an offender ordered by the court as an alternative to prison time. The document then discusses the origins and development of probation in the US and UK dating back to the 19th century. It provides details on key acts and developments that established probation systems and the role of probation officers in both countries over time.
CJUS 500Presentation Corrections (Part 2) TranscriptSlide.docx
CJUS 500
Presentation: Corrections (Part 2) Transcript
Slide 1
Corrections are court imposed programs that allow offenders to serve out their sentences in the community as opposed to being incarcerated.
Two major types of corrections in the community are probation and parole.
Probation is regarded as a judicial function.
Probation is considered a privilege because not all offenders will be sentenced to probation.
The objective of probation is to offer offenders an opportunity to prove themselves and rehabilitate without incarceration.
There are various types of probation programs. Many are considered intensive supervision programs.
Intensive probation programs require closer surveillance for offenders who are considered high-risk.
Probation can impose substantial burdens and should not be regarded as a lenient sanction.
Offenders are subjected to many costs and fees associated with probation as well.
Parole is considered an administrative function as opposed to a judicial function and involves early conditional release from incarceration.
The purpose is to release inmates from incarceration and offers a cost-effective solution for the supervision of inmates for the remainder of their sentence.
Like probation, parole is conducted in the community.
Mandatory release laws require early release of offenders after they have served a specific amount of time incarcerated.
Discretionary release requires that a parole board make the determination of eligibility to decide whether or not an offender is released from incarceration.
Slide 2
Intermediate sanctions are punishments that allow offenders to remain in the community while on probation and serve as a diversionary tactic in lieu of incarceration.
Intermediate sanctions are not necessarily considered true probation; however, they are structured to encourage participants take responsibility for their actions.
Community service started in the late 1960s and is a popular form of probation.
Community service allocates that offenders complete a specified number of of unpaid labor hours towards a community service.
Restorative justice places the responsibility in the offender’s hands. The objective here is to allow the offender to accept responsibility and repair the harms they caused.
Often times, this involves participating in mediation, which can help victims heal from trauma.
Courts may require monetary compensation for losses experienced by the victim. This is known as restitution.
Offenders may also be required to pay a myriad of fines for committing an offense, beyond restitution paid towards victims.
Victim-offender mediation is generally considered a part of restorative justice. Victims and offenders will come together to discuss their feelings about the events and give offenders the opportunity to express remorse and apologies for their crimes.
House arrest confines offenders to their home and is considered an intensive type of supervised probat.
FOSTER, CEDRIC 1692TS.docx
F
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Corrections in the Community.
© 2011, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C h a p t e r 1
It is hard to identify the benefits inmates gain from prison, but the harm
done there is readily seen. If you want to increase the crime problem, incite
men to greater evil, and intensify criminal inclinations and proclivities, then
lock violators up in prison for long periods, reduce their outside contacts,
stigmatize them and block their lawful employment when released, all
the while setting them at tutelage under the direction of more skilled and
predatory criminals. I know of no better way to gain your ends than these.
—Harry E. Allen
Crime is everywhere, in all nations great and small and, in this nation. In the
United States, crime is a violation of criminal statutes passed by elected repre-
sentatives. These statutes are enforced by a variety of social control agencies,
including law enforcement, prosecution, court, and postadjudication compo-
nents (e.g., prisons, probation, and parole). These varied agencies and actions,
along with their philosophical bases and objectives, are usually called the
“criminal justice system.”
No one imposed this specific set of agencies on the nation. We invented them
ourselves and, if there is something amiss with an agency or mission, it can
be changed. One fact about the American criminal justice system is that it
The Criminal Justice System
corrections
community corrections
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incarceration
intermediate sanctions
parole
prison
probation
Key terms
F
O
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E
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1
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C h a p t e r 1 : the Criminal Justice system2
is rapidly evolving and changing as a result of the volume of crime, emerg-
ing national priorities, available funding, and changing political ideologies.
Behaviors deemed particularly heinous in one epoch may become regulated,
if not accepted, behavior in another. For example, the “Great Experiment” of
prohibition attempted to protect our national character and youth, increase
productivity, lessen collateral problems of idleness, and improve the moral
fiber of those using alcohol. It was later abandoned as a national crusade;
earlier twentieth century law enforcement efforts instead lapsed into strate-
gies to regulate alcohol as a controlled substance, concerned only in large
part with keeping alcohol out of the hands of youthful consumers and col-
lecting taxes.
One component of the criminal justice system is corrections, defined ear-
lier as “postadjudication processing of convicted criminal offenders.” This
definition, if it were ever adequate, probably best fits the correctional scene
of the early twentieth century, when the major sentencing options available
to sentencing courts were committing the offender to prison or granting
probation. In fact, the study of postadjudication
processing of criminal law offenders was, until
about 1969, commonly referred to a ...
Parole: Definition, Objectives, Conditions and Social Implication
This document provides an outline for a course on criminology that includes a section on parole. It defines parole as the temporary release of a prisoner from custody before their full sentence is served, under certain conditions. The document discusses the types of parole release, the objectives of parole in rehabilitating prisoners and protecting the community, the conditions parolees must follow, and the duties of parole officers in supervising parolees. It also examines the social implications of parole in attempting to reintegrate ex-prisoners back into society under supervision.
c h a p t e r 1 4Juvenile Corrections Probation,Commun.docx
c h a p t e r 1 4
Juvenile Corrections: Probation,
Community Treatment,
and Institutionalization
CHAPTER OUTLINE
JUVENILE PROBATION
Historical Development
Expanding Community Treatment
Contemporary Juvenile Probation
Organization and Administration
Duties of Juvenile Probation Officers
PROBATION INNOVATIONS
Intensive Supervision
Electronic Monitoring
Balanced Probation
Restitution
Residential Community Treatment
What Does This Mean to Me?
Community Treatment for Juvenile
Offenders: Not in My Backyard
SECURE CORRECTIONS
History of Juvenile Institutions
JUVENILE INSTITUTIONS TODAY:
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
Population Trends
Physical Conditions
THE INSTITUTIONALIZED JUVENILE
Male Inmates
Female Inmates
CORRECTIONAL TREATMENT FOR JUVENILES
Individual Treatment Techniques:
Past and Present
Group Treatment Techniques
Educational, Vocational, and
Recreational Programs
Wilderness Programs
Juvenile Boot Camps
THE LEGAL RIGHT TO TREATMENT
The Struggle for Basic Civil Rights
JUVENILE AFTERCARE
Supervision
Aftercare Revocation Procedures
Preventing and Treating Delinquency:
Using the Intensive Aftercare Program
(IAP) Model
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter you
should:
1. Be able to distinguish between
community treatment and institu-
tional treatment for juvenile
offenders.
2. Be familiar with the disposition of
probation, including how it is
administered and by whom and
recent trends in its use compared
with other dispositions.
3. Be aware of new approaches for
providing probation services to
juvenile offenders and comment on
their effectiveness in reducing
recidivism.
4. Understand key historical develop-
ments of secure juvenile corrections
in this country, including the prin-
ciple of least restrictive alternative.
5. Be familiar with recent trends in
the use of juvenile institutions for
juvenile offenders and how their
use differs across states.
6. Understand key issues facing the
institutionalized juvenile offender.
7. Be able to identify the various
juvenile correctional treatment
approaches that are in use today
and comment on their effective-
ness in reducing recidivism.
8. Know the nature of aftercare
for juvenile offenders. 337
Co
ur
te
sy
o
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Juvenile Delinquency: The Core COPYRIGHT © 2005 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc
338 C H A P T E R 1 4
There is a wide choice of correctional treatments available for juveniles, which can be
subdivided into two major categories: community treatment and institutional treat-
ment. Community treatment refers to efforts to provide care, protection, and treat-
ment for juveniles in need. These efforts include probation; treatment services (such
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This document defines key terms related to correctional administration and the study of punishment for crime (penology). It discusses:
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Slide 1
Corrections are court imposed programs that allow offenders to serve out their sentences in the community as opposed to being incarcerated.
Two major types of corrections in the community are probation and parole.
Probation is regarded as a judicial function.
Probation is considered a privilege because not all offenders will be sentenced to probation.
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Parole is considered an administrative function as opposed to a judicial function and involves early conditional release from incarceration.
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Mandatory release laws require early release of offenders after they have served a specific amount of time incarcerated.
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Intermediate sanctions are punishments that allow offenders to remain in the community while on probation and serve as a diversionary tactic in lieu of incarceration.
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Courts may require monetary compensation for losses experienced by the victim. This is known as restitution.
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FOSTER, CEDRIC 1692TS.docx
F
O
S
T
E
R
,
C
E
D
R
I
C
1
6
9
2
T
S
1
Corrections in the Community.
© 2011, Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C h a p t e r 1
It is hard to identify the benefits inmates gain from prison, but the harm
done there is readily seen. If you want to increase the crime problem, incite
men to greater evil, and intensify criminal inclinations and proclivities, then
lock violators up in prison for long periods, reduce their outside contacts,
stigmatize them and block their lawful employment when released, all
the while setting them at tutelage under the direction of more skilled and
predatory criminals. I know of no better way to gain your ends than these.
—Harry E. Allen
Crime is everywhere, in all nations great and small and, in this nation. In the
United States, crime is a violation of criminal statutes passed by elected repre-
sentatives. These statutes are enforced by a variety of social control agencies,
including law enforcement, prosecution, court, and postadjudication compo-
nents (e.g., prisons, probation, and parole). These varied agencies and actions,
along with their philosophical bases and objectives, are usually called the
“criminal justice system.”
No one imposed this specific set of agencies on the nation. We invented them
ourselves and, if there is something amiss with an agency or mission, it can
be changed. One fact about the American criminal justice system is that it
The Criminal Justice System
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community corrections
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incarceration
intermediate sanctions
parole
prison
probation
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O
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T
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R
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I
C
1
6
9
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C h a p t e r 1 : the Criminal Justice system2
is rapidly evolving and changing as a result of the volume of crime, emerg-
ing national priorities, available funding, and changing political ideologies.
Behaviors deemed particularly heinous in one epoch may become regulated,
if not accepted, behavior in another. For example, the “Great Experiment” of
prohibition attempted to protect our national character and youth, increase
productivity, lessen collateral problems of idleness, and improve the moral
fiber of those using alcohol. It was later abandoned as a national crusade;
earlier twentieth century law enforcement efforts instead lapsed into strate-
gies to regulate alcohol as a controlled substance, concerned only in large
part with keeping alcohol out of the hands of youthful consumers and col-
lecting taxes.
One component of the criminal justice system is corrections, defined ear-
lier as “postadjudication processing of convicted criminal offenders.” This
definition, if it were ever adequate, probably best fits the correctional scene
of the early twentieth century, when the major sentencing options available
to sentencing courts were committing the offender to prison or granting
probation. In fact, the study of postadjudication
processing of criminal law offenders was, until
about 1969, commonly referred to a ...
Parole: Definition, Objectives, Conditions and Social Implication
This document provides an outline for a course on criminology that includes a section on parole. It defines parole as the temporary release of a prisoner from custody before their full sentence is served, under certain conditions. The document discusses the types of parole release, the objectives of parole in rehabilitating prisoners and protecting the community, the conditions parolees must follow, and the duties of parole officers in supervising parolees. It also examines the social implications of parole in attempting to reintegrate ex-prisoners back into society under supervision.
c h a p t e r 1 4Juvenile Corrections Probation,Commun.docx
c h a p t e r 1 4
Juvenile Corrections: Probation,
Community Treatment,
and Institutionalization
CHAPTER OUTLINE
JUVENILE PROBATION
Historical Development
Expanding Community Treatment
Contemporary Juvenile Probation
Organization and Administration
Duties of Juvenile Probation Officers
PROBATION INNOVATIONS
Intensive Supervision
Electronic Monitoring
Balanced Probation
Restitution
Residential Community Treatment
What Does This Mean to Me?
Community Treatment for Juvenile
Offenders: Not in My Backyard
SECURE CORRECTIONS
History of Juvenile Institutions
JUVENILE INSTITUTIONS TODAY:
PUBLIC AND PRIVATE
Population Trends
Physical Conditions
THE INSTITUTIONALIZED JUVENILE
Male Inmates
Female Inmates
CORRECTIONAL TREATMENT FOR JUVENILES
Individual Treatment Techniques:
Past and Present
Group Treatment Techniques
Educational, Vocational, and
Recreational Programs
Wilderness Programs
Juvenile Boot Camps
THE LEGAL RIGHT TO TREATMENT
The Struggle for Basic Civil Rights
JUVENILE AFTERCARE
Supervision
Aftercare Revocation Procedures
Preventing and Treating Delinquency:
Using the Intensive Aftercare Program
(IAP) Model
CHAPTER OBJECTIVES
After reading this chapter you
should:
1. Be able to distinguish between
community treatment and institu-
tional treatment for juvenile
offenders.
2. Be familiar with the disposition of
probation, including how it is
administered and by whom and
recent trends in its use compared
with other dispositions.
3. Be aware of new approaches for
providing probation services to
juvenile offenders and comment on
their effectiveness in reducing
recidivism.
4. Understand key historical develop-
ments of secure juvenile corrections
in this country, including the prin-
ciple of least restrictive alternative.
5. Be familiar with recent trends in
the use of juvenile institutions for
juvenile offenders and how their
use differs across states.
6. Understand key issues facing the
institutionalized juvenile offender.
7. Be able to identify the various
juvenile correctional treatment
approaches that are in use today
and comment on their effective-
ness in reducing recidivism.
8. Know the nature of aftercare
for juvenile offenders. 337
Co
ur
te
sy
o
f C
N
N
Juvenile Delinquency: The Core COPYRIGHT © 2005 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc
338 C H A P T E R 1 4
There is a wide choice of correctional treatments available for juveniles, which can be
subdivided into two major categories: community treatment and institutional treat-
ment. Community treatment refers to efforts to provide care, protection, and treat-
ment for juveniles in need. These efforts include probation; treatment services (such
as individual and group counseling); restitution; and other programs. The term com-
munity treatment also refers to the use of privately maintained residences, such as
foster homes, small-group homes, and boarding schools, which are located in the
community. Nonresidential programs, where youths remain in their ...
Role of Correctional Institutes.pptx
The document discusses the role and goals of correctional institutions. It describes correctional institutions as any facility operated by a state or political subdivision for confinement or rehabilitation of criminal offenders. The main goals of correctional administration are outlined as rehabilitation, incapacitation, deterrence, denunciation, and retribution. A three-tiered system of pre-care, care, and post-care is employed to rehabilitate prisoners through probation, imprisonment, and assistance after release.
NON INSTI PPT.pptx
This document discusses community-based corrections programs as alternatives to confinement for criminal offenders. It describes probation, parole, and conditional pardon programs and the basic principles of treating offenders in the community. Key aspects covered include the history of probation beginning with John Augustus in 1841, the roles of probation officers and parole boards, eligibility criteria for different programs, conditions imposed on offenders, and distinctions between parole and probation.
Serious Case Review Hanson & White
This document provides a summary of an independent review of the case management of Damien Hanson and Elliot White by the London Probation Area. The review was requested by the Home Secretary after Hanson and White, who were both under probation supervision, murdered a man in 2004.
The review identified four principal findings: 1) London Probation Area failed to properly manage the risk posed by Hanson and White, 2) There was a lack of clarity and continuity of lead responsibility for the cases, 3) There was a lack of clarity around updating parole board decisions if circumstances changed, and 4) National targets and organizational structures sometimes hindered effective risk of harm work.
The review also provided five key recommendations, including that probation must
What is probation and how Probation Services work
The document provides an overview of probation services in Europe. It discusses the early history of probation beginning in the 18th century with charitable organizations assisting prisoners. It then focuses on the development of probation in England in the late 19th century. The document also outlines the organizational development of probation services across Europe, including centralized national structures and multi-level organization. Finally, it discusses the increasing use of electronic monitoring systems, such as GPS and RF ankle bracelets, to monitor offenders in the community and ensure compliance with probation requirements.
Mythbusters 2012
Presentation made at the annual conference of the National Association of Workforce Development Professionals (May 2012)
CA2-LECTURE-MIDTERMNOTES FOR CRIMINOLOGY_104617.pdf
It for criminology students you has a subject of institutional correction or CA2. It tacled about facilities, agencies and other organizations who are responsible for the rehabilitation and reformation of the prisoners. It also be discuss the different types of community based instructions and how it was conducted. It will also be discuss the different types of pardon, which are the absolute and conditional pardon.
prison rules.pdf
The document discusses prison rules and open prisons. It provides details on:
1) Prison rules that govern the administration of prisons and treatment of inmates, including requirements for record keeping, segregation of inmates, living conditions, medical care, and visitation.
2) The concept of open prisons, which aim to rehabilitate inmates through reduced security, work programs, and preparation for release.
3) The definition and origins of open prisons, tracing their development from England in the early 20th century to promote rehabilitation over punishment.
Social control
Social control refers to the ways in which societies regulate people's behaviors and enforce norms through both informal and formal sanctions. The key elements of the formal U.S. criminal justice system of social control are the police, courts, and corrections system of punishment. Societies justify punishment through retribution, deterrence, rehabilitation of criminals, and protecting society from future criminal acts.
Taylor2 ppt ch12
This chapter discusses institutional corrections for juvenile offenders. It covers the populations in these facilities, both public and private. It also describes different types of facilities including detention centers, boot camps, ranches, and state institutions. The chapter outlines programming in these facilities including treatment, education, vocational training, and specialized programs. Trends show that more juveniles and violent/drug offenders are being placed in residential facilities. The goals of juvenile corrections are rehabilitation, deterrence, incapacitation, and retribution.
250 words each QuestionQuestion 1. Fundamentally jails and pr.docx
Jails and prisons differ in their purpose and populations. Jails house individuals awaiting trial or serving short sentences locally, dealing with a transient population. Prisons incarcerate individuals convicted of state or federal crimes requiring longer sentences. While jails focus on transporting inmates to court, prisons emphasize rehabilitation through education and counseling programs due to longer incarceration periods. Both aim to prevent crime through punishment and rehabilitation.
Unlocking Liberty
This document proposes reforms to U.S. immigration detention policy that would reduce costs, respect human rights, and fulfill humanitarian obligations. It reviews alternatives to detention programs that provide case management and social services as less restrictive and more cost-effective alternatives to detention. However, structural challenges have limited their implementation, including overreliance on detention and lack of individual risk assessments and data collection. The document recommends requiring individualized assessments, increasing access to legal and support services, and developing robust case management programs as part of reforming detention policy.
CA1-REVIEWER-I.pdf for institution correction
This document defines key terms related to correctional administration and the study of punishment for crime (penology). It discusses:
1. Penology refers to the study of punishment for crime and crime prevention through punishment of offenders. It deals with prison management and treatment of offenders.
2. Correctional administration involves the custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of criminal offenders using practices aimed at crime prevention and control. It includes the management of jails, prisons, and rehabilitation programs.
3. Institutional correction involves rehabilitating and reforming criminal offenders within correctional facilities like jails and prisons. Non-institutional correction provides these services outside of prisons, through programs like parole and probation.
CA1-REVIEWER-I.pdf for institution for correction
This document defines key terms related to correctional administration and the study of punishment for crime (penology). It discusses:
1. Penology refers to the study of punishment for crime and crime prevention through punishment of offenders. It deals with prison management and treatment of offenders.
2. Correctional administration involves the custody, supervision, and rehabilitation of criminal offenders using practices aimed at crime prevention and control. It includes the management of jails, prisons, and rehabilitation programs.
3. Institutional correction involves rehabilitating and reforming criminal offenders within correctional facilities like jails and prisons. Non-institutional correction provides these services outside of prisons, through programs like parole and probation.
Corrections in AmericaFisher CollegeCriminal Justice P.docx
This document provides an overview of corrections in Massachusetts, including information on jails, houses of correction, prisons, inmate demographics, and the purpose of corrections. It discusses the four schools of thought behind criminal sanctions (retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, rehabilitation). It also summarizes key aspects of the US Constitution that govern corrections, such as the 1st, 4th, 8th, and 14th Amendments, and how related court cases have impacted inmate rights and facility policies. Statutes, case law, and state regulations are also mentioned as governing correctional behavior.
Criminal Policy Taskforce
The document discusses the problem of prison overcrowding in the United States and proposes abolishing mandatory minimum sentencing as a solution. It notes that prisons are overcapacity, overcrowding increases inmate stress and violence, and mandatory minimums contribute to excessive sentencing and costs. Abolishing mandatory minimums would give judges discretion over sentencing to consider individual circumstances instead of mandatory minimum punishments. This could help reduce overcrowding, costs, and racial disparities in the criminal justice system.
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