The document discusses the history and role of the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), which was established in 1977 following the Mine Act to improve safety in the mining industry. Since its formation, MSHA has significantly reduced mine fatalities, with deaths dropping from an average of 356 per year in the late 1960s to just 29 recently. MSHA mandates training for miners as part of federal safety regulations, focusing on various mines and mineral resources.