What are the two most important research tools PAUL D.LEEDY identifi.pdf
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what are differences of transcription factors between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms what are differences of transcription factors between prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms Solution Prokaryotes contain a single type of RNA polymerase, while eukaryotes (multicellular organisms and yeasts) contain three distinct types. Transcription in Prokaryotes In prokaryotes, all transcription is performed by a single type of RNA polymerase. This polymerase contains four catalytic subunits and a single regulatory subunit known as sigma (s). Several distinct sigma factors have been identified, and each of these oversees transcription of a unique set of genes. Sigma factors are thus discriminatory, as each binds a distinct set of promoter sequences. Transcrption in eukaryotes in eukaryotes, transcription is achieved by three different types of RNA polymerase (RNA pol I- III). These polymerases differ in the number and type of subunits they contain, as well as the class of RNAs they transcribe; that is, RNA pol I transcribes ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), RNA pol II transcribes RNAs that will become messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and also small regulatory RNAs, and RNA pol III transcribes small RNAs such as transfer RNAs (tRNAs)..
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Identify five muscles of the head area that have a name that is very .pdf
Identify five muscles of the head area that have a name that is very similar to the name of the
skull bone or bony structure the muscle is located on or attached to.
Solution
(Muscle) (Bone or the bony structure)OrbicularisOrbital
surfaceZygomaticusZygomatic boneTemporalisTemporal BoneFrontalisFrontal
BoneNasalisNasal Bone.
Identify non-neoplastic conditions effecting pregnancy. Describe STI.pdf
Identify non-neoplastic conditions effecting pregnancy. Describe STI conditions common to
females and how they are distributed.
Solution
During pregnancy, there are several non-neoplastic conditions that effect pregnancy. Some of
them are dysfunctional cysts, lesions of an ovary, tumors in breast, lymphoma, cervical cancer,
myeloma. these conditions may be benign or myeloma. the treatment depends on the condition
and effects the pregnancy.
The STI conditions that are common in women are human papillomavirus(HPV), gonorrhea,
chlamydia, and genital herpes. The HPV is the most common in women and is the main cause of
cervical cancer. This condition is distributed through direct sexual contact. Gonorrhea is
distributed through unprotected oral, anal, or vaginal sex. people with numerous sexual partners
or who does not have safe sex are at greater risk of the disease. Chlamydia is passed through
unprotected sex or oral sex. Genital herpes gets transmitted through the mucous membrane
which can be lining of mouth, nose, and genitals. Once the virus enters the body they start
multiplying and incorporate themselves into your body cells..
From a mixed field, what is easier to facilitate through artificial s.pdf
From a mixed field, what is easier to facilitate through artificial selection? Monoculture of
(dominant) round peas. Monoculture of (recessive) wrinkled peas. Both scenarios have equal
difficulty
Solution
Ans. C both scenario have equal difficulty.
Farmers and breeders allowed only the plants and animals with desirable characteristics to
reproduce, causing the evolution of farm stock. This process is called artificial selection. So to
perform this particular selection both kind of selection will face the same difficulty..
Explain how you would tell if something that looks like a leaf (flat.pdf
Explain how you would tell if something that looks like a leaf (flat and green plant part) is infact,
developmentally, a leaf.
Thanks!
Solution
A flat borad green plant part can be called as leaf if
1: it is present laterally to the shoot apex.
2: it is developed as determinate outgrowth of the shoot apex.
3: An axillary bud is located in the axil of the green flat plant part.
4: Successive leaves follow a particular pattern of arrangement i.e. they are developed in
phyllotaxy.
5: Two most common visible structural parts of leaves as lamina and petiole. The lamina is the
broad flat part of the leaf that has veins..
Explain what a standard deviation value measures in quantitative dat.pdf
Explain what a standard deviation value measures in quantitative data?Explain what a standard
deviation value measures in quantitative data?
Solution
Standard deviation is a measure of spread or variability of data. It is the expected difference
between a data point and the mean value of that data..
Einstein, in his famous photoelectric effect experiment demonstr.pdf
Einstein, in his famous \"photoelectric effect experiment\" demonstrated that light can behave as
a waves. In 1924, Louis de Broglie suggested that just as light exhibits wave properties. All
microscopic material particles such as electrons, protons, atoms, molecules etc. have also dual
character. They behave as a particle as well as wave. This means that an electron which has been
regarded as a particle also behaves like a wave. The particle nature of an electron is explained by
classical mechanics. For example, electron has a mass ~ 9.1 X10*-31 kg. But the classical
mechanics fails to explain the wave nature of electron. The wave nature of electron is explained
by quantum mechanics. Can you give more examples of wave behavior of electron in order to
illustrate dual character of electron?
Solution
the wave nature of electron was explained by the experiments like Thompsons Experiment, in
which G.P.Thompson allowed electron beam pass through a thin foil of gold and got caught on
the photographic plate on whic he found the Diffraction pattern of electron beam just like x-ray,
thus this experiment allows wave nature of electron..
Contrast autochthonous and allochthonous food webs. Which type would.pdf
Contrast autochthonous and allochthonous food webs. Which type would be expected to
dominate in a clear lake?
Solution
Contrast autochthonous and allochthonous food webs:
The allochthonous food webs are associated with high inputs of organic matter to obtain carbon
from surface catchment or ground water catchment where amount o flight is lower & low
primary production. This food webs forms among heterotrophic ecosystems mainly in dystrophic
lakes
Autochthonous food webs are mainly associate with production of organic carbon from
photosynthesis inside the clear lake, in which higher carbon generated mainly in eutrophic lakes
where high light incidence across the clear lake.
Based on the below and using the 12 categories of threats identify 3 .pdf
Based on the below and using the 12 categories of threats identify 3 examples you can find
online, in the media for each of the threats listed on the right column. You can use news articles
to justify the threats. Use the most current news article you can find. Add the reference link for
each article and place in APA format. Prepare a memo to your CEO with your finding. On the
same memo research current vendors that provide phishing email tools to train your employees
and provide a recommendation to the CEO about which to buy. Compare at least 2 vendors and
identify the following. Features Cost Add the Phishing Quiz Exercise discussed in class to the
bottom of your memo pages. Take the quiz and answer the below Identify which questions you
got wrong from the quiz Provide a brief explanation on why you got it wrong. What did you
learn about phishing emails and what would you recommend in order to avoid falling for a
phishing email?
Solution
1) Threat to intellectual property: Hacking , After conducting a forensic review of the drives,
Bailey(CEO of IT company) learned that intruders had been lurking on two of his company’s
servers for almost a year. These hackers, who were traced to a university in Beijing, had entered
the company’s extranet through an unpatched vulnerability in the Solaris operating system. As
far as Bailey could tell, they hadn’t accessed any classified information. But they were able to
view mountains of intellectual property, including design information and product specifications
related to transportation and communications systems, along with information belonging to the
company’s customers and partners.
Activist hackers, or hacktivists, can also be a danger to companies. For example, early last year
members of Anonymous, the hacker collective, copied and publicly released sensitive files of
H.B. Gary Federal, a security company.
Cpoyrights deviation or piracy :
Intellectual property theft involves robbing people or companies of their ideas, inventions, and
creative expressions—known as “intellectual property”—which can include everything from
trade secrets and proprietary products and parts to movies, music, and software.
It is a growing threat—especially with the rise of digital technologies and Internet file sharing
networks. And much of the theft takes place overseas, where laws are often lax and enforcement
is more difficult. All told, intellectual property theft costs U.S. businesses billions of dollars a
year and robs the nation of jobs and tax revenues.
Preventing intellectual property theft is a priority of the FBI’s criminal investigative program. It
specifically focuses on the theft of trade secrets and infringements on products that can impact
consumers’ health and safety, such as counterfeit aircraft, car, and electronic parts. Key to the
program’s success is linking the considerable resources and efforts of the private sector with law
enforcement partners on local, state, federal, and international levels.
.
Recommended
Identify five muscles of the head area that have a name that is very .pdf
Identify five muscles of the head area that have a name that is very similar to the name of the
skull bone or bony structure the muscle is located on or attached to.
Solution
(Muscle) (Bone or the bony structure)OrbicularisOrbital
surfaceZygomaticusZygomatic boneTemporalisTemporal BoneFrontalisFrontal
BoneNasalisNasal Bone.
Identify non-neoplastic conditions effecting pregnancy. Describe STI.pdf
Identify non-neoplastic conditions effecting pregnancy. Describe STI conditions common to
females and how they are distributed.
Solution
During pregnancy, there are several non-neoplastic conditions that effect pregnancy. Some of
them are dysfunctional cysts, lesions of an ovary, tumors in breast, lymphoma, cervical cancer,
myeloma. these conditions may be benign or myeloma. the treatment depends on the condition
and effects the pregnancy.
The STI conditions that are common in women are human papillomavirus(HPV), gonorrhea,
chlamydia, and genital herpes. The HPV is the most common in women and is the main cause of
cervical cancer. This condition is distributed through direct sexual contact. Gonorrhea is
distributed through unprotected oral, anal, or vaginal sex. people with numerous sexual partners
or who does not have safe sex are at greater risk of the disease. Chlamydia is passed through
unprotected sex or oral sex. Genital herpes gets transmitted through the mucous membrane
which can be lining of mouth, nose, and genitals. Once the virus enters the body they start
multiplying and incorporate themselves into your body cells..
From a mixed field, what is easier to facilitate through artificial s.pdf
From a mixed field, what is easier to facilitate through artificial selection? Monoculture of
(dominant) round peas. Monoculture of (recessive) wrinkled peas. Both scenarios have equal
difficulty
Solution
Ans. C both scenario have equal difficulty.
Farmers and breeders allowed only the plants and animals with desirable characteristics to
reproduce, causing the evolution of farm stock. This process is called artificial selection. So to
perform this particular selection both kind of selection will face the same difficulty..
Explain how you would tell if something that looks like a leaf (flat.pdf
Explain how you would tell if something that looks like a leaf (flat and green plant part) is infact,
developmentally, a leaf.
Thanks!
Solution
A flat borad green plant part can be called as leaf if
1: it is present laterally to the shoot apex.
2: it is developed as determinate outgrowth of the shoot apex.
3: An axillary bud is located in the axil of the green flat plant part.
4: Successive leaves follow a particular pattern of arrangement i.e. they are developed in
phyllotaxy.
5: Two most common visible structural parts of leaves as lamina and petiole. The lamina is the
broad flat part of the leaf that has veins..
Explain what a standard deviation value measures in quantitative dat.pdf
Explain what a standard deviation value measures in quantitative data?Explain what a standard
deviation value measures in quantitative data?
Solution
Standard deviation is a measure of spread or variability of data. It is the expected difference
between a data point and the mean value of that data..
Einstein, in his famous photoelectric effect experiment demonstr.pdf
Einstein, in his famous \"photoelectric effect experiment\" demonstrated that light can behave as
a waves. In 1924, Louis de Broglie suggested that just as light exhibits wave properties. All
microscopic material particles such as electrons, protons, atoms, molecules etc. have also dual
character. They behave as a particle as well as wave. This means that an electron which has been
regarded as a particle also behaves like a wave. The particle nature of an electron is explained by
classical mechanics. For example, electron has a mass ~ 9.1 X10*-31 kg. But the classical
mechanics fails to explain the wave nature of electron. The wave nature of electron is explained
by quantum mechanics. Can you give more examples of wave behavior of electron in order to
illustrate dual character of electron?
Solution
the wave nature of electron was explained by the experiments like Thompsons Experiment, in
which G.P.Thompson allowed electron beam pass through a thin foil of gold and got caught on
the photographic plate on whic he found the Diffraction pattern of electron beam just like x-ray,
thus this experiment allows wave nature of electron..
Contrast autochthonous and allochthonous food webs. Which type would.pdf
Contrast autochthonous and allochthonous food webs. Which type would be expected to
dominate in a clear lake?
Solution
Contrast autochthonous and allochthonous food webs:
The allochthonous food webs are associated with high inputs of organic matter to obtain carbon
from surface catchment or ground water catchment where amount o flight is lower & low
primary production. This food webs forms among heterotrophic ecosystems mainly in dystrophic
lakes
Autochthonous food webs are mainly associate with production of organic carbon from
photosynthesis inside the clear lake, in which higher carbon generated mainly in eutrophic lakes
where high light incidence across the clear lake.
Based on the below and using the 12 categories of threats identify 3 .pdf
Based on the below and using the 12 categories of threats identify 3 examples you can find
online, in the media for each of the threats listed on the right column. You can use news articles
to justify the threats. Use the most current news article you can find. Add the reference link for
each article and place in APA format. Prepare a memo to your CEO with your finding. On the
same memo research current vendors that provide phishing email tools to train your employees
and provide a recommendation to the CEO about which to buy. Compare at least 2 vendors and
identify the following. Features Cost Add the Phishing Quiz Exercise discussed in class to the
bottom of your memo pages. Take the quiz and answer the below Identify which questions you
got wrong from the quiz Provide a brief explanation on why you got it wrong. What did you
learn about phishing emails and what would you recommend in order to avoid falling for a
phishing email?
Solution
1) Threat to intellectual property: Hacking , After conducting a forensic review of the drives,
Bailey(CEO of IT company) learned that intruders had been lurking on two of his company’s
servers for almost a year. These hackers, who were traced to a university in Beijing, had entered
the company’s extranet through an unpatched vulnerability in the Solaris operating system. As
far as Bailey could tell, they hadn’t accessed any classified information. But they were able to
view mountains of intellectual property, including design information and product specifications
related to transportation and communications systems, along with information belonging to the
company’s customers and partners.
Activist hackers, or hacktivists, can also be a danger to companies. For example, early last year
members of Anonymous, the hacker collective, copied and publicly released sensitive files of
H.B. Gary Federal, a security company.
Cpoyrights deviation or piracy :
Intellectual property theft involves robbing people or companies of their ideas, inventions, and
creative expressions—known as “intellectual property”—which can include everything from
trade secrets and proprietary products and parts to movies, music, and software.
It is a growing threat—especially with the rise of digital technologies and Internet file sharing
networks. And much of the theft takes place overseas, where laws are often lax and enforcement
is more difficult. All told, intellectual property theft costs U.S. businesses billions of dollars a
year and robs the nation of jobs and tax revenues.
Preventing intellectual property theft is a priority of the FBI’s criminal investigative program. It
specifically focuses on the theft of trade secrets and infringements on products that can impact
consumers’ health and safety, such as counterfeit aircraft, car, and electronic parts. Key to the
program’s success is linking the considerable resources and efforts of the private sector with law
enforcement partners on local, state, federal, and international levels.
.
Blair, R. B. 1996. Land use and avian species diversity along an urb.pdf
Blair, R. B. 1996. Land use and avian species diversity along an urban gradient. Ecological
Applications 6:506–519.
http://academic.uprm.edu/~jchinea/cursos/comunidades/refs/blair1996.pdf
Questions 1. The author predicts that different bird species will respond differently to
urbanization. What are the three response groups the author expects to find and how is each
predicted to respond to urbanization? 2. Although not explicitly stated in the text, the author
compared bird densities among sites using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Describe the
experimental design of the ANOVA: what were the response and predictor variables, and
treatment levels? Explain how the author used replication in both space and time. 3. The author
presents data on bird densities within sites in both Table 1 and Figure 3. Which presentation do
you find more interpretable and why? What information is common to both, what is unique to
either one or the other? Could you limit the redundancy of these two presentations by combining
them into one table or figure? If so, which would you choose and how would you lay it out? 4.
The golf course had the highest bird species richness, density, and biomass (when Rock Doves
were excluded from the analysis), and the second highest diversity (Figure 4). Summarize the
author’s explanation for this result. 5. Based on the study results, briefly argue the pros and cons
of golf courses as they relate to bird diversity and abundance.
Solution
1: The author predicts three groups of birds which he called as urban exploiters, urban avoiders
and suburban adaptable. The urban exploiters are expected to get adapted to the changes and to
reach their highest densities at the developed sites. The urban avoiders are expected to respond in
a sensitive way to the anthropogenic changes in their habitat and are expected to have their
maximum densities at the natural sites only. The suburban adaptables are expected to exploit
some additional available resources leading to their moderate development..
An attack in which an authentic-looking e-mail or website entices a .pdf
An attack in which an authentic-looking e-mail or website entices a user to enter his or her
username, password, or other sensitive information is called ________. (Select the most specific
answer.)
A- a spyware attack
B-identity theft
C- phishing
D- social engineering
A- a spyware attack
B-identity theft
C- phishing
D- social engineering
Solution
C - phishing ,
is the method that attackers use to get login credentials and other sensitive information by
sending emails that resemble original login authentication procedure..
Consider a relation T with six attributes ABCDEF where AB is a compo.pdf
Consider a relation T with six attributes ABCDEF where AB is a composite primary key for T.
Assume T has the following functional dependencies:
AB -> CDEF
A -> CEF
F -> E
In what normal form is relation T? Explain why?
Is it possible to decompose T into a number of relations in order to achieve a higher normal
form? Explain how.
Solution
T(A,B,C,D,E,F)
AB -> CDEF
A -> CEF
F -> E
The relation T is in First Normal Form assuming all attribute values are atomic. But it is not in
second normal form because attribute E is functionally dependent on the attribute F.But F is not
part of key attributes so relation is not in second normal form. attribute.A relation is in second
normal form if all non key attributes are fully functionally deprndent on attribute keys.
Yes , it is possisble to decompose the relation into number of relations in order to achieve the
higher normalization. Following are the tables into which we can decompose the relation T
Table1(A,C,E,F)
Table2 (A,B,D)
Table3 (F,E)
underlined attributes are primary keys.
A vague appointment Four people make an appointment to meet each ot.pdf
A vague appointment: Four people make an appointment to meet each other at the café in town.
However, this particular town has four cafés. What is the probability that none of them meet?
Solution
There are 4^4 = 256 ways to go to the 4 cafes.
Meanwhile, there are 4! = 24 ways to permute them, so that no 2 people are on the same cafe.
Thus,
P(none meets) = 24/256 = 0.09375 [answer].
Assume real numbers R for now. Consider relation on R, x y iff x .pdf
Assume real numbers R for now. Consider relation on R, x y iff x y Z.
(a) Is it an equivalence relation?
(b) Compute [1/2]
(c) Classify all elements of R/ . That is state: “Every element of R/ is of the form ...” – include
all the details, so that you don’t count any element twice.
(d) Bonus question: (you don’t need to answer): Is there a geometric way to think about R/ ?
Solution
a)
x-x=0 is in Z for all real numbers x
SO R is reflexive
IF, x-y is in Z then y-x is also in Z
So, R is symmetrix
IF, x-y and y-z are in Z
then x-y+y-z=x-z is also in Z
Hence, R is transitive
Hence, R is an equivalence relation
b)
[1/2]={n+1/2: n is in Z}
c)
Elements of R/~ are of the form:
a+R, where, a is a real number in (0,1]
We need only consider real numbers outside this interval because all other real numbers will
differ by an integer from one of the numbers in this interval..
An enzyme aggase requires 16 units of activity for wild type functio.pdf
An enzyme aggase requires >16 units of activity for wild type function. Two alleles of aggase
have been identified. Wild type allele A_1 produces 12 units of enzyme and mutant allele A_2
produces 5 units of enzyme. Which allele is dominant and which is haploinsufficient? Explain
your reasoning.
Solution
Haploinsufficiency is a potential mechanism in which a diploid species can express a single
functional copy of that gene and the other one copy of gene function will be lost due to mutation
finally trigger loss-of-function mutation so that it is not possible to generate a complete wild-type
phenotype with one functional copy of allele. Therefore, in the above case, enzyme aggase need
>16 units of enzyme, in which only A1 generates 12 units & the remaining A2 produced 5 units
together 17 units to produce a complete wild-type phenotype. Here, haplosuffciency can occur
with a single functional copy of gene, A1 & A2 alleles \"individually\" both are does not produce
enough product to meet >16 units of enzyme to display the wild type\'s so that both are
considered as haplosufficient
Dominance can be observed only in allele A1 because it can mask the allelic recessive locus due
to heterozygosity & Mendelian inheritance in which A1 is responsible for the phenotype
Other reason:
1. Dominant gain of function in which protein expressed from the mutant gene is constitutively
active due to base substitutions finally protein expression is further downregulated because of
increase in expression of enzyme proteins.
2. Loss of Function/ Haploinsufficiency: It is also due to loss of heterozygosity thereby by loss
of gene function with haploinsufficiency. Finally, resultant organism possesses only one
functional gene copy with truncated protein..
17. Of these, which represents a heterozygote a. aa b. Ab c. .pdf
17. Of these, which represents a heterozygote?
a. aa
b. Ab
c. AA
d. both a. and c.
18. Active transport across a cell membrane is
a. moving a molecule from lower to higher concentcation
b. moving a molecule from higher to lower concentration
c. moving a from outside the cell to inside the cell
d. by which cells tet rid of waste products
19. All of the following are true about the cell membrane except _____.
a. They are mainly composed of lipids and
b. All polar molecules pass freely, directly through the membrane
c. They are selectively permeable.
d. They have a lipid bilayer
20. Which cellular process produces the most ATP?
a. Photosynthesis
b. aerobic respiration
c. meiosis
d. anaerobic respiration
21. A plant can regulate the amount of water in its cells by
a. moving to a more aqueous environment
b. increasing the amount of solute in the cytoplasm
c. reducing its rate of respiration
d. drinking a tall glass of refreshing rain water
22. Eye color is represented by the alleles AaBBCc. This is an example of ______.
a-complete dominant inheritance
b. heterozygote advantage
c-sex-linked inheritance
d-polygenic inheritance
23. During amniocentesis the baby\'s cells are obtained from the ____.
a. fluid around the embryo
b. placenta
c. uterine wall
d. developing embryo
Solution
17. Heterozygous is represented by
b. Ab
18. Active transport across cell membrane is
a. moving molecule from lower to higher concentration.
19. All are true about cell membrane except
a. They are mainly composed of lipids.
20. Which cellular process produces most ATP?
b. Aerobic respiration
21. A plant can regulate the amount of water in its cells by
b. increasing the amount of solute in the cytoplasm.
22. Eye colour represented by the alleles AaBBCc is an example of
d. Polygenic inheritance
23. During amniocentesis the baby\'s cells are obtained from the
a. fluid around the the embryo.
1. Match the decription listed with the corresponding structureA. .pdf
1. Match the decription listed with the corresponding structure
A. corpus callosum
B. hypothalamus
C. mammillary bodies
D. pineal body (gland)
1. controls hormone secretion from the pituitary gland
2. fiber tract that connects the left cerebral hemisphere to the right cerebral hemisphere
3. involved in suckling reflex and chewing
4. primary relay center for sensory information coming into the brain
5. secretes the hormone melatonin from its precursor molecule serotonin
Solution
Ans). A. corpus callosum - 2. fiber tract that connects the left cerebral hemisphere to the right
cerebral hemisphere
B. hypothalamus - 1. controls hormone secretion from the pituitary gland
C. mammillary bodies - 4. primary relay center for sensory information coming into the brain
D. pineal body (gland) - 5. secretes the hormone melatonin from its precursor molecule serotonin.
1.) What are some factors that should be taken into account when est.pdf
1.) What are some factors that should be taken into account when establishing criteria for
recruitment and selection of employees in a global corporation?
2.) What are the most important factors that should be taken into account when establishing
criteria for recruitment and selection of employees for international assignments and why?
Solution
1. the people who are representing in global corportaion should have good skills and positive at
the work and even after the work also. they should be in a position to mould them selves
according to the need and requirement. they should have awareness about different culture,
tradition and respect the people who follows it. they need to konw differences between the
company norms and rules in host country and parent country also. some times the legal aspects
and other aspects related to work will be different. the person who wants to work for different
global companies should know the variations and differences also.
the major part is cultural barriers, the new comers should adapt or ready to adapt new culture and
practice it. they should know the traditions and values followed by the people and respect them.
even they need to consider the race, gender, and community aspects also.
2. the first factor is the strength in the group, how many people requires to complete the
assignment.
second factor is how the group should form, who are the different kinds and specilists represents
in the group. do they ready to work in teams as well as individuals with out having any ego or
personal problems, should assess. the seniority and skill expertise of the people should be match,
otherwise it creates new problems. the traditions and cultures which they follows and are they
open to adapt and follow the new culture should be consider.
there are two kinds of problems in this type of group, one is related to work. it can be resolved
and every one can note and complete their given tasks. they can perform their roles correctly and
achieve the targets. the second problem is relates to out of work. it may relates to personal egos,
differentiations in the payments among the members, respect the others and their cultures and so
on. these kind of problems are vary difficult to solve and the team representatives should not
create these sort of problems..
Write a program that asks the user for the name of a file. The progr.pdf
Write a class named testscores. The class constructor should accept an array of rest scores as its
argument., The class should have a member function that returns the average of the test scores. If
any test score in the array is negative or greater than 100, the class should throw an exception.
Demonstrate the class in a program.
Solution
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class TestScores{
private:
float total = 0; //intiialising total marks
int length; //declaring variable for the size of scores array
bool invalid = false;
public:
TestScores(vector scores){
length = scores.size(); //length of vector of scores
for(int i = 0; i100){
cout<<\"Error! Invalid test score!\"; //error for invalid input
total = 0;
invalid = true;
}
else{
total+=scores[i];
}
}
}
float average(){
if(invalid==true){
return 0;
}
return this->total/this->length;
}
};
int main(){
vector scores;
scores.push_back(20);
scores.push_back(25);
scores.push_back(30);
scores.push_back(35);
scores.push_back(40);
scores.push_back(455);
scores.push_back(50);
TestScores testScores = TestScores(scores);
cout<<\"Average: \"<.
Write a program that obtains the execution time of selection sort, bu.pdf
Write a java program called Question39 that does the following: Gets input for temperature
Utilizing a branching statement: If temperature is 76-100, call method outputHot passing the
temperature input as an argument. If temperature is 0-39, call method outputCold passing the
temperature input as an argument. If temperature is 40 to 75, call method outputJustRight
passing the temperature input as an argument. If temperature is outside these ranges, output
“Temperature outside range” to the screen. Be precise, import modules, include comments,
prologue, etc. as needed.
Solution
Question39.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Question39 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println(\"Enter temperature: \");
int temp = scan.nextInt();
if(temp >=76 && temp <=100){
outputHot(temp);
}
else if(temp >=0 && temp <=39){
outputCold(temp);
}
else if(temp >=40 && temp <=75){
outputJustRight(temp);
}
else{
System.out.println(\"Temperature outside range\");
}
}
public static void outputHot(int temp){
System.out.println(\"Temperature \"+temp+\" Hot \");
}
public static void outputCold(int temp){
System.out.println(\"Temperature \"+temp+\" Cold \");
}
public static void outputJustRight(int temp){
System.out.println(\"Temperature \"+temp+\" Just Right \");
}
}
Output:
Enter temperature:
45
Temperature 45 Just Right.
Wings of bats area. Plesiomorphic (ancestral) feature for mammals.pdf
Why is an engine with port injection vs. carburetion more likely to have fuel dilute the
lubricating oil? Why did some aircraft engines in World War II have water injection? What is
the physical phenomenon? What is the difference between multipoint port injection systems and
a common rail system?
Solution
11.
Combustion in SI Engine Mixture preparation: - Carburation (no longer used in North
American markets) - Port injection - fuel is sprayed into the air stream just before the inlet valve.
Direct injection - fuel is injected into the cylinder (DISI).
Ignition: spark plug Flame kernel initiation and propagation model 101
Most car engines use port injection or a carburetor. Diesel engines use direct fuel injection -- the
diesel fuel is injected directly into the cylinder. The injector on a diesel engine is its most
complex component. The injector has to be able to withstand the temperature and pressure inside
the cylinder and still deliver the fuel in a fine mist. Some diesel engines contain a glow plug that
heats the combustion chambers and raises the air temperature when the engine is cold so that the
engine can start.
12.
cause, Water injection (engine) In internal combustion engines, water injection, also known as
anti-detonant injection (ADI), can spray waterinto the incoming air or fuel-air mixture, or
directly into the cylinder, in order to cool certain parts of the induction system where \"hot
points\" could produce premature ignition.
War Emergency Power (WEP) is an American term for a throttle setting on some World War II
military aircraft engines. For use in emergency situations, it produced more than 100% of the
engine\'s normal rated power for a limited amount of time, often about five minutes.
Maximum normal power would be limited by a mechanical stop, for instance a wire across the
throttle lever slot, but a more forceful push would break the wire, allowing extra power.
13.
Assuming you are aware of the basic functioning of an engine, CRDi and MPFi are both
electronically operated fuel supply systems for diesel and petrol engines respectively.
CRDi - common rail diesel ignition
MPFI - multi-point fuel injection
CRDi consists of a common rail which holds fuel at a very high pressure (~1400 bar) and injects
diesel directly into the cylinder during the transition from compression stroke to power stroke.
Due to the high pressure injection, the fuel burns efficiently and hence power and fuel efficiency
figures are improved.
MPFI on the other hand is simply multi point fuel injection. Here, the carburetor is replaced with
a MAP sensor and injection points in the intake manifold. the MAP sensor relays to the ECU as
to the amount of air entering the manifold and accordingly the quantity of fuel to be injected into
the cylinder heads is ascertained (to maintain the best possible air-fuel mixture as per the
requirements).
the main purpose of an injection system is to supply properly metered fuel to the combustion
chamber via intake valve.
Why do financial assets show up as component of household wealth.pdf
Which of the Karnaugh maps below represents the expression, X = AC + BC + B? The greatest
single-digit value in the octal number system equals 1 8 9 7 Which of the following is a
correct form of Boolean addition? A synchronous inputs are best described as having full
control over the FF, regardless of the input or clock states being to the clock, but not to the
inputs being tied to the inputs, but independent of the clock having little or no control over the
FF, except during the active clock input Which statement below best describes the function of a
decoder? Decoders are used to prevent improper operation of digital systems. A decoder will
convert a binary number into a specific output representing a particular character or digit.
Decoders are special ICs that are used to make it possible for one brand of computer to talk to
another. A decoder will convert a decimal number into the proper binary equivalent.
Solution
37)
None of the fig represents AC+BC+B
38)
The greatest single digit value in octal is 7.
39)
0+1=1 is correct
41) decoder expression is option B.
why is lifelong learning important for Engineers Give an example to.pdf
Why do financial assets show up as component of household wealth
Why do financial assets show up as component of household wealth
Solution
National wealth is a measurement of the real assets used to produce goods and services.
Financial assets are claims on those assets held by individuals.
Financial assets owned by households represent their claims on the real assets of the issuers, and
thus show up as wealth to households. Their interests in the issuers, on the other hand, are
obligations to the issuers. At the national level, the financial interests and the obligations cancel
each other out, so only the real assets are measured as the wealth of the economy. The financial
assets are important since they drive the efficient use of real assets and help us allocate
resources, specifically in terms of risk return trade-off..
A researcher believes that people who take a Liberal stance on socia.pdf
A researcher believes that people who take a Liberal stance on social issues will view the Obama
presidency more favorably. She collects information from a random sample twelve college
students and asks them to rank their views on social issues on a scale of 1 to 10 as well as their
view of the Obama presidency. Their information is listed below. (Social Issues: 1= Very
Conservative, 10=Very Liberal; Obama: 1= Complete Failure, 10= Very Successful)
Student
Social Issues (X)
Obama (Y)
A
9
2
B
7
7
C
5
1
D
5
5
E
8
9
F
5
2
G
4
5
H
6
6
I
9
8
J
7
6
K
8
6
L
7
8
a. What is the sum of the squared difference in ranks (D2)?
b. What is the Spearman’s Rho (rs) value for these data?
c. What is the Rho Squared value for these data?
Student
Social Issues (X)
Obama (Y)
A
9
2
B
7
7
C
5
1
D
5
5
E
8
9
F
5
2
G
4
5
H
6
6
I
9
8
J
7
6
K
8
6
L
7
8
Solution.
Which of the following items are stocks, as opposed to flowsQuest.pdf
Which of the following IP address groups can be used for assignment to computers using the
public Internet?
A. 10.0.0.0–10.255.255.255
B. 12.222.0.0–12.222.255.255
C. 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255
D. 192.168.0.0–192.168.255.255
Solution
Answer B is the correct answer. It is the only IP address shown in the four options that is a
routable IP address. The address groups listed in answers A, C, and D are reserved for private
networks and are not routed by the Internet, so those answers are incorrect. You will need to
memorize the address groups reserved for private IP networks..
What is the effect of linkage on the inheritance of genes Explain h.pdf
What is accrual accounting and why is it the preferred method for most organisations
Solution
Accrual method of accounting is the method of accounting where receivables are reported as
assets as and when they are earned. Revenues are reported as and when they are earned, payables
are reported as liabilities as andd when they are incurred. The expenses are also reported when
they are best matched revenues or when they are used up. Net income is based on revenues
earned and expenses incurred, than on cash receipt and cash disbursements. Under Accrual
Method of Accounting, the balance sheet is more complete as far as reporting of assets, liabilities
and the amounts of stockholders equity. Also it is required by GAAP.
Accrual Method of accounting is the most preferred method for most of the organisations
because:
i. It is more complete reporting of company\'s assets, liabilities and stockholders equity at the end
of the accounting period than cash basis accounting.
ii. Also it is the more realistic reporting of a company\'s revenues, expenses and the net income
for a specific time interval. Whereas cash basis of accounting is most likely to violate the
matching principle of accounting..
what are differences of transcription factors between prokaryotic.pdf
Water being diverted during a flood in Helsinki, Finland (latitude 60°N) flows along a diversion
channel of width 47 m in the south direction at a speed of 3.4 m/s. On which side is the water the
highest (from the standpoint of noninertial systems) and by how much?
Solution
That angle of the water surface is tan alpha = 2 w v cos theta / g
= (2 * 2 pi * 3.4 * cos 60) / (9.8) * (24 * 60)
= 4.36 * 10-5 rad
The difference in height of the water on the two sides is
= w * tan alpha = 47 * 4.36 * 10-5
= 2.05 mm.
What additional complexities are faced in global supply chains How .pdf
Verify the following coordinate transformations {|a rightarrow|,L(a rightarrow)} = {2.1, -0.1} a
rightarrow = (2.08951, -0.20965} {|a rightarrow|, L(a rightarrow)} = {4.7, -0.1} a rightarrow =
(4.67652 -0.469217)
Solution
The modulus of |a| is 2.1 and the angle subtendd by it is -0.1 radians
horizontal component = 2.1cos(-0.1 radians) = 2.08951
vertical component = 2.1sin(-0.1 radians) = -0.20965
The modulus of |a| is 4.7 and the angle subtendd by it is -0.1 radians
horizontal component = 4.7cos(-0.1 radians) = 4.67652
vertical component = 4.7sin(-0.1 radians) = -0.469217.
Using the Tustin equivalence with the prewarping method, fnd the dis.pdf
Using a hand calculation, determine the output for the following set of statements: int k, s[] =
{3, 8, 15, 21, 30, 41}; for (k=0; k
Solution
The answer to the 1st question is :
This will throw error as for printing the values of the array {} is used hence it will throw error
and the program is not compiled .
use the following printf statement to run the code successfully
printf(\"%d%d\ \",s[k],s[k+1]);
After using this printf the progam works as follows:
k=0
s[k]=3
s[k+1]=8
output=38
k=2
s[k]=15
s[k+1]=21
output=1521
k=4
s[k]=30
s[k+1]=41
output=3041
now k = 6 hence will come out of loop as k<=5 is false now the condition given in loop.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdf
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
More Related Content
More from arri2009av
Blair, R. B. 1996. Land use and avian species diversity along an urb.pdf
Blair, R. B. 1996. Land use and avian species diversity along an urban gradient. Ecological
Applications 6:506–519.
http://academic.uprm.edu/~jchinea/cursos/comunidades/refs/blair1996.pdf
Questions 1. The author predicts that different bird species will respond differently to
urbanization. What are the three response groups the author expects to find and how is each
predicted to respond to urbanization? 2. Although not explicitly stated in the text, the author
compared bird densities among sites using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Describe the
experimental design of the ANOVA: what were the response and predictor variables, and
treatment levels? Explain how the author used replication in both space and time. 3. The author
presents data on bird densities within sites in both Table 1 and Figure 3. Which presentation do
you find more interpretable and why? What information is common to both, what is unique to
either one or the other? Could you limit the redundancy of these two presentations by combining
them into one table or figure? If so, which would you choose and how would you lay it out? 4.
The golf course had the highest bird species richness, density, and biomass (when Rock Doves
were excluded from the analysis), and the second highest diversity (Figure 4). Summarize the
author’s explanation for this result. 5. Based on the study results, briefly argue the pros and cons
of golf courses as they relate to bird diversity and abundance.
Solution
1: The author predicts three groups of birds which he called as urban exploiters, urban avoiders
and suburban adaptable. The urban exploiters are expected to get adapted to the changes and to
reach their highest densities at the developed sites. The urban avoiders are expected to respond in
a sensitive way to the anthropogenic changes in their habitat and are expected to have their
maximum densities at the natural sites only. The suburban adaptables are expected to exploit
some additional available resources leading to their moderate development..
An attack in which an authentic-looking e-mail or website entices a .pdf
An attack in which an authentic-looking e-mail or website entices a user to enter his or her
username, password, or other sensitive information is called ________. (Select the most specific
answer.)
A- a spyware attack
B-identity theft
C- phishing
D- social engineering
A- a spyware attack
B-identity theft
C- phishing
D- social engineering
Solution
C - phishing ,
is the method that attackers use to get login credentials and other sensitive information by
sending emails that resemble original login authentication procedure..
Consider a relation T with six attributes ABCDEF where AB is a compo.pdf
Consider a relation T with six attributes ABCDEF where AB is a composite primary key for T.
Assume T has the following functional dependencies:
AB -> CDEF
A -> CEF
F -> E
In what normal form is relation T? Explain why?
Is it possible to decompose T into a number of relations in order to achieve a higher normal
form? Explain how.
Solution
T(A,B,C,D,E,F)
AB -> CDEF
A -> CEF
F -> E
The relation T is in First Normal Form assuming all attribute values are atomic. But it is not in
second normal form because attribute E is functionally dependent on the attribute F.But F is not
part of key attributes so relation is not in second normal form. attribute.A relation is in second
normal form if all non key attributes are fully functionally deprndent on attribute keys.
Yes , it is possisble to decompose the relation into number of relations in order to achieve the
higher normalization. Following are the tables into which we can decompose the relation T
Table1(A,C,E,F)
Table2 (A,B,D)
Table3 (F,E)
underlined attributes are primary keys.
A vague appointment Four people make an appointment to meet each ot.pdf
A vague appointment: Four people make an appointment to meet each other at the café in town.
However, this particular town has four cafés. What is the probability that none of them meet?
Solution
There are 4^4 = 256 ways to go to the 4 cafes.
Meanwhile, there are 4! = 24 ways to permute them, so that no 2 people are on the same cafe.
Thus,
P(none meets) = 24/256 = 0.09375 [answer].
Assume real numbers R for now. Consider relation on R, x y iff x .pdf
Assume real numbers R for now. Consider relation on R, x y iff x y Z.
(a) Is it an equivalence relation?
(b) Compute [1/2]
(c) Classify all elements of R/ . That is state: “Every element of R/ is of the form ...” – include
all the details, so that you don’t count any element twice.
(d) Bonus question: (you don’t need to answer): Is there a geometric way to think about R/ ?
Solution
a)
x-x=0 is in Z for all real numbers x
SO R is reflexive
IF, x-y is in Z then y-x is also in Z
So, R is symmetrix
IF, x-y and y-z are in Z
then x-y+y-z=x-z is also in Z
Hence, R is transitive
Hence, R is an equivalence relation
b)
[1/2]={n+1/2: n is in Z}
c)
Elements of R/~ are of the form:
a+R, where, a is a real number in (0,1]
We need only consider real numbers outside this interval because all other real numbers will
differ by an integer from one of the numbers in this interval..
An enzyme aggase requires 16 units of activity for wild type functio.pdf
An enzyme aggase requires >16 units of activity for wild type function. Two alleles of aggase
have been identified. Wild type allele A_1 produces 12 units of enzyme and mutant allele A_2
produces 5 units of enzyme. Which allele is dominant and which is haploinsufficient? Explain
your reasoning.
Solution
Haploinsufficiency is a potential mechanism in which a diploid species can express a single
functional copy of that gene and the other one copy of gene function will be lost due to mutation
finally trigger loss-of-function mutation so that it is not possible to generate a complete wild-type
phenotype with one functional copy of allele. Therefore, in the above case, enzyme aggase need
>16 units of enzyme, in which only A1 generates 12 units & the remaining A2 produced 5 units
together 17 units to produce a complete wild-type phenotype. Here, haplosuffciency can occur
with a single functional copy of gene, A1 & A2 alleles \"individually\" both are does not produce
enough product to meet >16 units of enzyme to display the wild type\'s so that both are
considered as haplosufficient
Dominance can be observed only in allele A1 because it can mask the allelic recessive locus due
to heterozygosity & Mendelian inheritance in which A1 is responsible for the phenotype
Other reason:
1. Dominant gain of function in which protein expressed from the mutant gene is constitutively
active due to base substitutions finally protein expression is further downregulated because of
increase in expression of enzyme proteins.
2. Loss of Function/ Haploinsufficiency: It is also due to loss of heterozygosity thereby by loss
of gene function with haploinsufficiency. Finally, resultant organism possesses only one
functional gene copy with truncated protein..
17. Of these, which represents a heterozygote a. aa b. Ab c. .pdf
17. Of these, which represents a heterozygote?
a. aa
b. Ab
c. AA
d. both a. and c.
18. Active transport across a cell membrane is
a. moving a molecule from lower to higher concentcation
b. moving a molecule from higher to lower concentration
c. moving a from outside the cell to inside the cell
d. by which cells tet rid of waste products
19. All of the following are true about the cell membrane except _____.
a. They are mainly composed of lipids and
b. All polar molecules pass freely, directly through the membrane
c. They are selectively permeable.
d. They have a lipid bilayer
20. Which cellular process produces the most ATP?
a. Photosynthesis
b. aerobic respiration
c. meiosis
d. anaerobic respiration
21. A plant can regulate the amount of water in its cells by
a. moving to a more aqueous environment
b. increasing the amount of solute in the cytoplasm
c. reducing its rate of respiration
d. drinking a tall glass of refreshing rain water
22. Eye color is represented by the alleles AaBBCc. This is an example of ______.
a-complete dominant inheritance
b. heterozygote advantage
c-sex-linked inheritance
d-polygenic inheritance
23. During amniocentesis the baby\'s cells are obtained from the ____.
a. fluid around the embryo
b. placenta
c. uterine wall
d. developing embryo
Solution
17. Heterozygous is represented by
b. Ab
18. Active transport across cell membrane is
a. moving molecule from lower to higher concentration.
19. All are true about cell membrane except
a. They are mainly composed of lipids.
20. Which cellular process produces most ATP?
b. Aerobic respiration
21. A plant can regulate the amount of water in its cells by
b. increasing the amount of solute in the cytoplasm.
22. Eye colour represented by the alleles AaBBCc is an example of
d. Polygenic inheritance
23. During amniocentesis the baby\'s cells are obtained from the
a. fluid around the the embryo.
1. Match the decription listed with the corresponding structureA. .pdf
1. Match the decription listed with the corresponding structure
A. corpus callosum
B. hypothalamus
C. mammillary bodies
D. pineal body (gland)
1. controls hormone secretion from the pituitary gland
2. fiber tract that connects the left cerebral hemisphere to the right cerebral hemisphere
3. involved in suckling reflex and chewing
4. primary relay center for sensory information coming into the brain
5. secretes the hormone melatonin from its precursor molecule serotonin
Solution
Ans). A. corpus callosum - 2. fiber tract that connects the left cerebral hemisphere to the right
cerebral hemisphere
B. hypothalamus - 1. controls hormone secretion from the pituitary gland
C. mammillary bodies - 4. primary relay center for sensory information coming into the brain
D. pineal body (gland) - 5. secretes the hormone melatonin from its precursor molecule serotonin.
1.) What are some factors that should be taken into account when est.pdf
1.) What are some factors that should be taken into account when establishing criteria for
recruitment and selection of employees in a global corporation?
2.) What are the most important factors that should be taken into account when establishing
criteria for recruitment and selection of employees for international assignments and why?
Solution
1. the people who are representing in global corportaion should have good skills and positive at
the work and even after the work also. they should be in a position to mould them selves
according to the need and requirement. they should have awareness about different culture,
tradition and respect the people who follows it. they need to konw differences between the
company norms and rules in host country and parent country also. some times the legal aspects
and other aspects related to work will be different. the person who wants to work for different
global companies should know the variations and differences also.
the major part is cultural barriers, the new comers should adapt or ready to adapt new culture and
practice it. they should know the traditions and values followed by the people and respect them.
even they need to consider the race, gender, and community aspects also.
2. the first factor is the strength in the group, how many people requires to complete the
assignment.
second factor is how the group should form, who are the different kinds and specilists represents
in the group. do they ready to work in teams as well as individuals with out having any ego or
personal problems, should assess. the seniority and skill expertise of the people should be match,
otherwise it creates new problems. the traditions and cultures which they follows and are they
open to adapt and follow the new culture should be consider.
there are two kinds of problems in this type of group, one is related to work. it can be resolved
and every one can note and complete their given tasks. they can perform their roles correctly and
achieve the targets. the second problem is relates to out of work. it may relates to personal egos,
differentiations in the payments among the members, respect the others and their cultures and so
on. these kind of problems are vary difficult to solve and the team representatives should not
create these sort of problems..
Write a program that asks the user for the name of a file. The progr.pdf
Write a class named testscores. The class constructor should accept an array of rest scores as its
argument., The class should have a member function that returns the average of the test scores. If
any test score in the array is negative or greater than 100, the class should throw an exception.
Demonstrate the class in a program.
Solution
#include
#include
using namespace std;
class TestScores{
private:
float total = 0; //intiialising total marks
int length; //declaring variable for the size of scores array
bool invalid = false;
public:
TestScores(vector scores){
length = scores.size(); //length of vector of scores
for(int i = 0; i100){
cout<<\"Error! Invalid test score!\"; //error for invalid input
total = 0;
invalid = true;
}
else{
total+=scores[i];
}
}
}
float average(){
if(invalid==true){
return 0;
}
return this->total/this->length;
}
};
int main(){
vector scores;
scores.push_back(20);
scores.push_back(25);
scores.push_back(30);
scores.push_back(35);
scores.push_back(40);
scores.push_back(455);
scores.push_back(50);
TestScores testScores = TestScores(scores);
cout<<\"Average: \"<.
Write a program that obtains the execution time of selection sort, bu.pdf
Write a java program called Question39 that does the following: Gets input for temperature
Utilizing a branching statement: If temperature is 76-100, call method outputHot passing the
temperature input as an argument. If temperature is 0-39, call method outputCold passing the
temperature input as an argument. If temperature is 40 to 75, call method outputJustRight
passing the temperature input as an argument. If temperature is outside these ranges, output
“Temperature outside range” to the screen. Be precise, import modules, include comments,
prologue, etc. as needed.
Solution
Question39.java
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Question39 {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Scanner scan = new Scanner(System.in);
System.out.println(\"Enter temperature: \");
int temp = scan.nextInt();
if(temp >=76 && temp <=100){
outputHot(temp);
}
else if(temp >=0 && temp <=39){
outputCold(temp);
}
else if(temp >=40 && temp <=75){
outputJustRight(temp);
}
else{
System.out.println(\"Temperature outside range\");
}
}
public static void outputHot(int temp){
System.out.println(\"Temperature \"+temp+\" Hot \");
}
public static void outputCold(int temp){
System.out.println(\"Temperature \"+temp+\" Cold \");
}
public static void outputJustRight(int temp){
System.out.println(\"Temperature \"+temp+\" Just Right \");
}
}
Output:
Enter temperature:
45
Temperature 45 Just Right.
Wings of bats area. Plesiomorphic (ancestral) feature for mammals.pdf
Why is an engine with port injection vs. carburetion more likely to have fuel dilute the
lubricating oil? Why did some aircraft engines in World War II have water injection? What is
the physical phenomenon? What is the difference between multipoint port injection systems and
a common rail system?
Solution
11.
Combustion in SI Engine Mixture preparation: - Carburation (no longer used in North
American markets) - Port injection - fuel is sprayed into the air stream just before the inlet valve.
Direct injection - fuel is injected into the cylinder (DISI).
Ignition: spark plug Flame kernel initiation and propagation model 101
Most car engines use port injection or a carburetor. Diesel engines use direct fuel injection -- the
diesel fuel is injected directly into the cylinder. The injector on a diesel engine is its most
complex component. The injector has to be able to withstand the temperature and pressure inside
the cylinder and still deliver the fuel in a fine mist. Some diesel engines contain a glow plug that
heats the combustion chambers and raises the air temperature when the engine is cold so that the
engine can start.
12.
cause, Water injection (engine) In internal combustion engines, water injection, also known as
anti-detonant injection (ADI), can spray waterinto the incoming air or fuel-air mixture, or
directly into the cylinder, in order to cool certain parts of the induction system where \"hot
points\" could produce premature ignition.
War Emergency Power (WEP) is an American term for a throttle setting on some World War II
military aircraft engines. For use in emergency situations, it produced more than 100% of the
engine\'s normal rated power for a limited amount of time, often about five minutes.
Maximum normal power would be limited by a mechanical stop, for instance a wire across the
throttle lever slot, but a more forceful push would break the wire, allowing extra power.
13.
Assuming you are aware of the basic functioning of an engine, CRDi and MPFi are both
electronically operated fuel supply systems for diesel and petrol engines respectively.
CRDi - common rail diesel ignition
MPFI - multi-point fuel injection
CRDi consists of a common rail which holds fuel at a very high pressure (~1400 bar) and injects
diesel directly into the cylinder during the transition from compression stroke to power stroke.
Due to the high pressure injection, the fuel burns efficiently and hence power and fuel efficiency
figures are improved.
MPFI on the other hand is simply multi point fuel injection. Here, the carburetor is replaced with
a MAP sensor and injection points in the intake manifold. the MAP sensor relays to the ECU as
to the amount of air entering the manifold and accordingly the quantity of fuel to be injected into
the cylinder heads is ascertained (to maintain the best possible air-fuel mixture as per the
requirements).
the main purpose of an injection system is to supply properly metered fuel to the combustion
chamber via intake valve.
Why do financial assets show up as component of household wealth.pdf
Which of the Karnaugh maps below represents the expression, X = AC + BC + B? The greatest
single-digit value in the octal number system equals 1 8 9 7 Which of the following is a
correct form of Boolean addition? A synchronous inputs are best described as having full
control over the FF, regardless of the input or clock states being to the clock, but not to the
inputs being tied to the inputs, but independent of the clock having little or no control over the
FF, except during the active clock input Which statement below best describes the function of a
decoder? Decoders are used to prevent improper operation of digital systems. A decoder will
convert a binary number into a specific output representing a particular character or digit.
Decoders are special ICs that are used to make it possible for one brand of computer to talk to
another. A decoder will convert a decimal number into the proper binary equivalent.
Solution
37)
None of the fig represents AC+BC+B
38)
The greatest single digit value in octal is 7.
39)
0+1=1 is correct
41) decoder expression is option B.
why is lifelong learning important for Engineers Give an example to.pdf
Why do financial assets show up as component of household wealth
Why do financial assets show up as component of household wealth
Solution
National wealth is a measurement of the real assets used to produce goods and services.
Financial assets are claims on those assets held by individuals.
Financial assets owned by households represent their claims on the real assets of the issuers, and
thus show up as wealth to households. Their interests in the issuers, on the other hand, are
obligations to the issuers. At the national level, the financial interests and the obligations cancel
each other out, so only the real assets are measured as the wealth of the economy. The financial
assets are important since they drive the efficient use of real assets and help us allocate
resources, specifically in terms of risk return trade-off..
A researcher believes that people who take a Liberal stance on socia.pdf
A researcher believes that people who take a Liberal stance on social issues will view the Obama
presidency more favorably. She collects information from a random sample twelve college
students and asks them to rank their views on social issues on a scale of 1 to 10 as well as their
view of the Obama presidency. Their information is listed below. (Social Issues: 1= Very
Conservative, 10=Very Liberal; Obama: 1= Complete Failure, 10= Very Successful)
Student
Social Issues (X)
Obama (Y)
A
9
2
B
7
7
C
5
1
D
5
5
E
8
9
F
5
2
G
4
5
H
6
6
I
9
8
J
7
6
K
8
6
L
7
8
a. What is the sum of the squared difference in ranks (D2)?
b. What is the Spearman’s Rho (rs) value for these data?
c. What is the Rho Squared value for these data?
Student
Social Issues (X)
Obama (Y)
A
9
2
B
7
7
C
5
1
D
5
5
E
8
9
F
5
2
G
4
5
H
6
6
I
9
8
J
7
6
K
8
6
L
7
8
Solution.
Which of the following items are stocks, as opposed to flowsQuest.pdf
Which of the following IP address groups can be used for assignment to computers using the
public Internet?
A. 10.0.0.0–10.255.255.255
B. 12.222.0.0–12.222.255.255
C. 172.16.0.0–172.31.255.255
D. 192.168.0.0–192.168.255.255
Solution
Answer B is the correct answer. It is the only IP address shown in the four options that is a
routable IP address. The address groups listed in answers A, C, and D are reserved for private
networks and are not routed by the Internet, so those answers are incorrect. You will need to
memorize the address groups reserved for private IP networks..
What is the effect of linkage on the inheritance of genes Explain h.pdf
What is accrual accounting and why is it the preferred method for most organisations
Solution
Accrual method of accounting is the method of accounting where receivables are reported as
assets as and when they are earned. Revenues are reported as and when they are earned, payables
are reported as liabilities as andd when they are incurred. The expenses are also reported when
they are best matched revenues or when they are used up. Net income is based on revenues
earned and expenses incurred, than on cash receipt and cash disbursements. Under Accrual
Method of Accounting, the balance sheet is more complete as far as reporting of assets, liabilities
and the amounts of stockholders equity. Also it is required by GAAP.
Accrual Method of accounting is the most preferred method for most of the organisations
because:
i. It is more complete reporting of company\'s assets, liabilities and stockholders equity at the end
of the accounting period than cash basis accounting.
ii. Also it is the more realistic reporting of a company\'s revenues, expenses and the net income
for a specific time interval. Whereas cash basis of accounting is most likely to violate the
matching principle of accounting..
what are differences of transcription factors between prokaryotic.pdf
Water being diverted during a flood in Helsinki, Finland (latitude 60°N) flows along a diversion
channel of width 47 m in the south direction at a speed of 3.4 m/s. On which side is the water the
highest (from the standpoint of noninertial systems) and by how much?
Solution
That angle of the water surface is tan alpha = 2 w v cos theta / g
= (2 * 2 pi * 3.4 * cos 60) / (9.8) * (24 * 60)
= 4.36 * 10-5 rad
The difference in height of the water on the two sides is
= w * tan alpha = 47 * 4.36 * 10-5
= 2.05 mm.
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Verify the following coordinate transformations {|a rightarrow|,L(a rightarrow)} = {2.1, -0.1} a
rightarrow = (2.08951, -0.20965} {|a rightarrow|, L(a rightarrow)} = {4.7, -0.1} a rightarrow =
(4.67652 -0.469217)
Solution
The modulus of |a| is 2.1 and the angle subtendd by it is -0.1 radians
horizontal component = 2.1cos(-0.1 radians) = 2.08951
vertical component = 2.1sin(-0.1 radians) = -0.20965
The modulus of |a| is 4.7 and the angle subtendd by it is -0.1 radians
horizontal component = 4.7cos(-0.1 radians) = 4.67652
vertical component = 4.7sin(-0.1 radians) = -0.469217.
Using the Tustin equivalence with the prewarping method, fnd the dis.pdf
Using a hand calculation, determine the output for the following set of statements: int k, s[] =
{3, 8, 15, 21, 30, 41}; for (k=0; k
Solution
The answer to the 1st question is :
This will throw error as for printing the values of the array {} is used hence it will throw error
and the program is not compiled .
use the following printf statement to run the code successfully
printf(\"%d%d\ \",s[k],s[k+1]);
After using this printf the progam works as follows:
k=0
s[k]=3
s[k+1]=8
output=38
k=2
s[k]=15
s[k+1]=21
output=1521
k=4
s[k]=30
s[k+1]=41
output=3041
now k = 6 hence will come out of loop as k<=5 is false now the condition given in loop.
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