This document discusses the history of homosexuality being classified as a psychiatric disorder and how it is now viewed by society and medical professionals. It describes how homosexuality was removed from the DSM as a psychiatric condition in the 1970s because it did not meet the criteria of causing subjective distress or impairing social functioning like other mental disorders. While some homosexual individuals may face external pressures from society and wish to change their orientation, homosexuality itself is now generally considered a normal variant of human sexuality by mental health professionals rather than a disorder. The document concludes that homosexuality should be viewed as personal choices made by individuals, not as suffering from mental illness.
This document discusses the role of HIV/AIDS stigma in access to care. It aims to examine how stigma impacts testing behavior, disclosure of status, and entry into care, particularly for women and minorities. The goals are to define key terms around stigma, discuss prevalence of HIV stigma in the US, and strategies to address stigma. HIV stigma stems from existing prejudices and negatively impacts individuals with HIV and those associated with them through discrimination and barriers to services. Racial minorities face disparities in access to HIV care due to the effects of stigma.
Lecture1: Introduction to Philosophy of BiologyJohn Wilkins
This document provides an overview of the philosophy of biology course. It discusses why biology and philosophy are important subjects to study and examines some key questions at the intersection of these fields. Specifically, it explores whether biology is truly a science, the role of evolution in biology, concepts of biological determinism and the relationship between biology and social sciences. It uses the example of altruism to illustrate debates around how biology may or may not constrain social theories.
This document discusses various bioethical boundaries such as human/animal, interspecies, and human/machine boundaries. It explores how boundaries are identified and located, as well as different motives for crossing, blurring, or defending boundaries. Some motives for crossing boundaries include mistake, curiosity, personal advantage, self-fulfillment, and social necessity. Motives for defending boundaries include political strategy, fear of change, and protecting important moral values. The document also examines common reactions when boundaries are crossed such as moral outrage, disgust, anger, excitement, and fear.
This document provides information on creating inclusive practices for transgender and gender nonconforming clients. It begins by noting the lack of research and literature on serving TGNC individuals, couples and families in marriage and family therapy. It emphasizes using accurate terminology, addressing personal biases, and making the therapy space safe and respectful for all genders. The document recommends understanding gender as a continuum rather than a binary, being mindful of language, and normalizing gender diversity and exploration.
1. The study examined the effect of peer relationships on depression in homosexual adolescents by measuring qualities of subjects' friendships.
2. The results showed that sexual identity increased levels of depression and anxiety but did not affect self-esteem or perceived stress. Sexual identity also affected proportions of close friends and friendship fears.
3. Contrary to hypotheses, older adolescents who were out of the closet most resembled their heterosexual peers in peer network size and proportions of close friends. The study suggests that views of clear psychological differences between homosexual and heterosexual youth oversimplify the issue.
The document summarizes research on discrimination, substance abuse, and mental health issues within the homosexual community. Several studies found high rates of discrimination and victimization reported by LGBT individuals. Contributing factors to substance abuse and mental health problems among homosexuals include biological predispositions, social and family influences, stress from discrimination, and lack of support systems. However, factors may differ between individuals. Ongoing research is still needed to better understand these issues and find ways to reduce health risks in the gay community through social support programs and acceptance.
The document summarizes two theories that explain altruism: kin selection theory and empathy-altruism theory. Kin selection theory proposes that altruism evolved through kin selection, with individuals more likely to help relatives due to shared genes. Empathy-altruism theory suggests altruism results from feelings of empathy, with experiments showing people are more likely to help those they empathize with. The document contrasts the theories, noting kin selection is difficult to test while empathy-altruism can be experimentally tested, and that they have different views on whether altruism benefits the individual or group.
This document discusses the history of homosexuality being classified as a psychiatric disorder and how it is now viewed by society and medical professionals. It describes how homosexuality was removed from the DSM as a psychiatric condition in the 1970s because it did not meet the criteria of causing subjective distress or impairing social functioning like other mental disorders. While some homosexual individuals may face external pressures from society and wish to change their orientation, homosexuality itself is now generally considered a normal variant of human sexuality by mental health professionals rather than a disorder. The document concludes that homosexuality should be viewed as personal choices made by individuals, not as suffering from mental illness.
This document discusses the role of HIV/AIDS stigma in access to care. It aims to examine how stigma impacts testing behavior, disclosure of status, and entry into care, particularly for women and minorities. The goals are to define key terms around stigma, discuss prevalence of HIV stigma in the US, and strategies to address stigma. HIV stigma stems from existing prejudices and negatively impacts individuals with HIV and those associated with them through discrimination and barriers to services. Racial minorities face disparities in access to HIV care due to the effects of stigma.
Lecture1: Introduction to Philosophy of BiologyJohn Wilkins
This document provides an overview of the philosophy of biology course. It discusses why biology and philosophy are important subjects to study and examines some key questions at the intersection of these fields. Specifically, it explores whether biology is truly a science, the role of evolution in biology, concepts of biological determinism and the relationship between biology and social sciences. It uses the example of altruism to illustrate debates around how biology may or may not constrain social theories.
This document discusses various bioethical boundaries such as human/animal, interspecies, and human/machine boundaries. It explores how boundaries are identified and located, as well as different motives for crossing, blurring, or defending boundaries. Some motives for crossing boundaries include mistake, curiosity, personal advantage, self-fulfillment, and social necessity. Motives for defending boundaries include political strategy, fear of change, and protecting important moral values. The document also examines common reactions when boundaries are crossed such as moral outrage, disgust, anger, excitement, and fear.
This document provides information on creating inclusive practices for transgender and gender nonconforming clients. It begins by noting the lack of research and literature on serving TGNC individuals, couples and families in marriage and family therapy. It emphasizes using accurate terminology, addressing personal biases, and making the therapy space safe and respectful for all genders. The document recommends understanding gender as a continuum rather than a binary, being mindful of language, and normalizing gender diversity and exploration.
1. The study examined the effect of peer relationships on depression in homosexual adolescents by measuring qualities of subjects' friendships.
2. The results showed that sexual identity increased levels of depression and anxiety but did not affect self-esteem or perceived stress. Sexual identity also affected proportions of close friends and friendship fears.
3. Contrary to hypotheses, older adolescents who were out of the closet most resembled their heterosexual peers in peer network size and proportions of close friends. The study suggests that views of clear psychological differences between homosexual and heterosexual youth oversimplify the issue.
The document summarizes research on discrimination, substance abuse, and mental health issues within the homosexual community. Several studies found high rates of discrimination and victimization reported by LGBT individuals. Contributing factors to substance abuse and mental health problems among homosexuals include biological predispositions, social and family influences, stress from discrimination, and lack of support systems. However, factors may differ between individuals. Ongoing research is still needed to better understand these issues and find ways to reduce health risks in the gay community through social support programs and acceptance.
The document summarizes two theories that explain altruism: kin selection theory and empathy-altruism theory. Kin selection theory proposes that altruism evolved through kin selection, with individuals more likely to help relatives due to shared genes. Empathy-altruism theory suggests altruism results from feelings of empathy, with experiments showing people are more likely to help those they empathize with. The document contrasts the theories, noting kin selection is difficult to test while empathy-altruism can be experimentally tested, and that they have different views on whether altruism benefits the individual or group.
We are attracted to potential mates whose genes are dissimilar to our own, as this would produce children with a stronger, more diverse immune system, according to an experiment where women found the scents of men with dissimilar immune systems more pleasant (Wedekind, 1995). We also tend to be attracted to and perceive as similar to ourselves those who we believe share our characteristics, and our relationships can impact our self-concept (Byrne, 1971). Additionally, our culture and physical proximity to others influences who we form relationships with (Festinger et al, 1950).
Four Steps to Providing Health Care to Transgendered PeopleCésar E. Concepción
The document outlines four steps for providing healthcare to transgender people based on a needs assessment of healthcare providers. It discusses recognizing the range of gender expressions and desires for surgical/hormonal interventions. It also discusses distinguishing between gender identity and sexual orientation, finding local expertise and referral protocols, and establishing transgender-friendly policies within healthcare agencies.
This document discusses research into how men construct and negotiate experiences of distress and suicidal ideation in online support communities. The research questions examine constructions of masculinity and help-seeking, and how claims of suicidal thoughts are legitimized. Data will be collected from forums like Healthunlocked.com and Suicideforum.com through searches of key terms and analyzing posts and exchanges between men while maintaining anonymity. Ethical considerations include risks to communities and anonymizing data.
Stereotypes are overgeneralized beliefs about groups that may be exaggerated or offensive. They involve assigning qualities to people related to their race, nationality, or sexual orientation. Prejudice is a rigid, negative attitude toward another person or group based on their membership in that group. Discrimination involves negative actions toward a social group based on stereotypes and prejudice.
This document discusses conflict resolution and defines the five main styles of dealing with conflict: competitive, collaborative, compromising, avoiding, and accommodating. It also defines conflict and discusses sources and examples of conflict that can occur in interpersonal relationships, groups, workplace, and between social structures on a macro level. Micro-level conflict focuses on interactions between individuals while macro-level conflict analyzes social processes and their effects on groups in society. Both micro and macro perspectives aim to understand and resolve conflict effectively.
This document discusses key concepts related to cultural psychology, including definitions of culture, cultural dimensions, and the emic and etic perspectives. It provides definitions of culture from several researchers and defines Hofstede's cultural dimensions of power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, long-term vs short-term orientation, and indulgence vs restraint. Examples of studies examining cultural dimensions and the emic and etic approaches are summarized. The document aims to define these important cultural psychology concepts and examine how cultural factors influence human behavior across societies.
Stereotypes are generalizations about groups of people that attribute a set of characteristics to them. Stereotypes simplify groups based on assumptions. They can be positive or negative. Stereotypes come from books, TV, advertising, and what adults teach children. Stereotyping can cause mistaken beliefs, affect judgments of individuals, lead to discrimination, and damage self-image and self-esteem. Personal morality and respecting diversity can help defeat negative stereotyping.
MedicYatra provides the safe & best Gender Reassignment Surgery at its affiliate & trusted hospitals & clinics in various metro cities of India, like Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai, Pune etc.Our Associate Board certified doctors are extensively trained and vastly experienced and have performed hundreds of such surgery at our state of the art JCI accredited hospitals & Clinics. Our aim is to provide you the best of the services at the most affordable costs. Don't forget to say hi at info@medicyatra.com
Review of ethnicity and race in epidemiologyantone04
Whaley argues that ethnicity/race is often misused as a variable in epidemiological research, which can contribute to stereotypes and health disparities. He outlines 3 issues with current approaches: 1) overemphasizing genetic differences between ethnic/racial groups ignores socioeconomic factors; 2) focusing on individual risk ignores social conditions impacting population health; 3) failing to consider the cultural dimensions of ethnicity/race leads to misrepresentations of ethnic/racial groups as inherently unhealthy. Whaley suggests epidemiologists should pay more attention to socioeconomic factors and culture to avoid unintentionally exacerbating health disparities. However, the author notes alternatives to using individual risk factors are lacking as long as measuring ethnicity/race
The document provides an overview of muted group theory, which proposes that dominant groups create language that mutes subordinate groups. It discusses applications of the theory to gender, including how men created language to better express themselves while limiting women. The document then proposes a new study to apply muted group theory to romantic relationships, hypothesizing it may reveal communication issues between partners from dominant and subordinate groups. Interviews and surveys of different relationship types would test if muted group impacts expression.
University of Rochester Black Women in Medicine Documentary Essay.docxwrite4
This document provides context for a reflection paper assignment on the documentary "Black Women in Medicine". The documentary profiles black female pioneers in medicine and discusses several issues related to underrepresentation of minorities in health professions. It highlights topics like implicit bias, mentorship, and strategies to increase diversity. The assignment asks students to write a 2-3 page paper reflecting on how readings and class discussions relate to the documentary and how theoretical frameworks could explain the experiences of women featured. It provides potential questions to guide the paper.
Paper Writing Service - HelpWriting.net 👈
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You get an original and high-quality paper based on extensive research. The completed work will be correctly formatted, referenced and tailored to your level of study.
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We value your privacy. We do not disclose your personal information to any third party without your consent. Your payment data is also safely handled as you process the payment through a secured and verified payment processor.
✅ Originality
Every single order we deliver is written from scratch according to your instructions. We have zero tolerance for plagiarism, so all completed papers are unique and checked for plagiarism using a leading plagiarism detector.
✅ On-time delivery
We strive to deliver quality custom written papers before the deadline. That's why you don't have to worry about missing the deadline for submitting your assignment.
✅ Free revisions
You can ask to revise your paper as many times as you need until you're completely satisfied with the result. Provide notes about what needs to be changed, and we'll change it right away.
✅ 24/7 Support
From answering simple questions to solving any possible issues, we're always here to help you in chat and on the phone. We've got you covered at any time, day or night.
Racism Essay
Racism is a harsh word that includes both attitudes and actions. Racism is unequally treating others because they belong to a certain racial or ethnic group and thinking they are inferior to your ethnic group. Sociologists have defined racism as the perception and treatment of a racial or ethnic group, or member of that group, as intellectually, socially, and culturally inferior to one s own group. It is more than an attitude; it is institutionalized in society. Racism is a silent disease that is spreading worldwide and negatively impacting people s lives and different areas of society and organizations. It is uncertain when racism started, but it became common during the slavery era in the seventeenth century, when Europeans and...show more content...Racism can negatively affect individuals, communities, organizations, and sometimes an entire nation. When it comes to individuals, their safety, educational ambitions, accessibility to housing, economic options and mental well being can be impacted. Racism can make people feel unsafe, low self esteem, harassed, and they are not welcomed in a certain society. Racism is a serious public health problem. Researchers have found that people who face racial discrimination are more likely to develop stress related health issues that could put them at risk for chronic diseases later in life and they were more likely to have higher levels of blood pressure, a higher body mass index, and higher levels of stress related hormones. Just being afraid of racial discrimination can trigger stress related responses, which means that many people of color who live in a racist society are constantly under increased stress. Racism prevent people f
Chapter 4Understanding Racism, Prejudice, and White Privilege4-WilheminaRossi174
Chapter: 4
Understanding Racism, Prejudice, and White Privilege4-1Defining and Contextualizing Racism
4-1
Hoyt Jr. (2012) defines racism as “a particular form of prejudice defined by preconceived erroneous beliefs about race and members of racial groups.” It is supported simultaneously by individuals, the institutional practices of society, and dominant cultural values and norms. Racism is a universal phenomenon that exists across cultures and tends to emerge wherever ethnic diversity and perceived or real differences in group characteristics become part of a struggle for social power. In the case of the United States, African Americans, Latinos/as, Native Americans, and Asian Americans—groups that we have been referring to as people of color—have been systematically subordinated by the white majority.
There are four important points to be made initially about racism:
· Prejudice and racism are not the same thing. Prejudice is a negative, inaccurate, rigid, and unfair way of thinking about members of another group. All human beings hold prejudices. This is true for people of color, as well as for majority group members. But there is a crucial difference between the prejudices held by whites and those held by people of color. whites have more power to enact their prejudices and therefore negatively impact the lives of people of color than vice versa. The term racism is used in relation to the racial attitudes and behavior of majority group members. Similar attitudes and behaviors on the part of people of color are referred to as prejudice and discrimination (a term commonly used to mean actions taken on the basis of one’s prejudices). Another way of describing this relationship is that prejudice plus power equals racism.
· Racism is a broad and all-pervasive social phenomenon that is mutually reinforced at all levels of society.
· Institutional racism involves the manipulation of societal institutions to give preferences and advantages to whites and at the same time restrict the choices, rights, mobility, and access of people of color.
· Cultural racism is the belief that the cultural ways of one group are superior to those of another. Cultural racism can be found both in individuals and in institutions. In the former, it is often referred to as ethnocentrism. Jones (2000) mentioned that historical insults, societal norms, unearned privilege, and structural barriers are all aspects of institutional racism.
· People tend to deny, rationalize, and avoid discussing their feelings and beliefs about race and ethnicity. Often, these feelings remain unconscious and are brought to awareness only with great difficulty.
· When young children hear the stories of people of color, they tend to feel deeply and sincerely with the storyteller. “I’m really sorry that you had to go through that” is the most common reaction of a child. By the time one reaches adulthood, however, the empathy is often gone. Instead, reactions tend to involve minimizing, justifying ...
This document summarizes two research studies on social groups and intergroup relations. The first study examined how presenting an in-group as resilient to threats can strengthen group identification and life satisfaction. The second study compared theories of prejudice and stereotyping in relations between Japanese, North Korean, and South Korean groups. It found that negative stereotypes lead to feelings of threat that then mediate levels of prejudice between groups, rather than stereotypes directly causing threat themselves. The document also includes the author's opinions agreeing and critiquing aspects of both studies.
Minority Stress Theory proposes that minority stressors like prejudice, discrimination, and victimization experienced by LGBTQ individuals lead to negative health outcomes. It was developed to explain higher rates of mental health issues in sexual and gender minorities. The theory is based on sociological and social psychological theories of stress and draws from concepts like social identity, social comparison, and the mismatch between individuals and their social environment. It has been expanded over time to apply not just to lesbian, gay and bisexual individuals but also to transgender and gender non-conforming people.
Not Apart of the Club Consumer Crossing Over Marketing Niche BoundariesRudy Diaz
This document is a thesis written by Rudy Diaz at the University of Denver in 2014 exploring how consumers occupy nightlife spaces in the Denver area and the implications for marketing niches. Through observations and interviews, Diaz discovered that heterosexual women often chose to socialize in gay bars to avoid misogyny in straight bars, and gay men sometimes chose straight bars to avoid unwanted attention. Both groups used these spaces as a refuge from their typical environments. Diaz also found that some heterosexual men would follow women to gay bars. The research suggests masculinity is expressed across a spectrum and influences experiences in nightlife spaces.
1Introduction The Multicultural PersonBoth the nature of what.docxdrennanmicah
1
Introduction: The Multicultural Person
Both the nature of what we take to be a self and its expression are inherently cultural (Bhatia & Stam, 2005, p. 419).
Each individual’s many aspects are not fragmented and distanced from one another or hierarchically ordered on behalf of a ruling center but remain in full interconnectedness and communication (Sampson, 1985, p. 1209).
There are a great variety of categories to which we simultaneously belong … Belonging to each one of the membership groups can be quite important, depending on the particular context … the importance of one identity need not obliterate the importance of others (Sen, 2006, p. 19).
Each of us is a multicultural human being. This simple and basic proposition, most descriptive of those of us who live in contemporary heterogeneous societies, constitutes the basic (though complex) theme of this book. Within its pages the reader will find attempts to explain, illustrate and argue for the value of this assertion. A major stimulus for pursuit of this is the belief that the study and understanding of behavior, when guided by the premise of individual multiculturalism, will increase the authenticity of our knowledge and the reliability of our predictions. This, in turn, should enhance the relevance and efficacy of the applications of our work to significant life situations – in the interest of advancing human welfare.
Multicultural Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology
This book needs to be distinguished from those that are in the tradition of cross-cultural psychology or mainstream multicultural psychology. The latter, as defined by Mio, Barker-Hackett, and Tumambing (2006, p. 32) “is the systematic study of all aspects of human behavior as it occurs in settings where people of different backgrounds encounter one another.” Multicultural psychologists prefer a salad bowl rather than a melting pot as metaphorical image, viewing the United States, for example, as a society in which groups maintain their distinctiveness (Moodley & Curling, 2006). They stress and argue for the necessary development of multicultural competence by psychologists and others. Such competence includes understanding of your own culture, respect for other cultures, and acquiring appropriate culturally sensitive interpersonal skills. To this end, professional guidelines have been proposed (and adopted) for education, training, and practice. Such guidelines are approved by the American Psychological Association (APA) for practice with persons of color (APA, 2003), practice with sexual minorities (APA, 2000), and practice with girls and women (APA, 2007).
The emphases in cross-cultural psychology are two-fold: first, to understand and appreciate the relationships among cultural factors and human functioning (Wallace, 2006); and second, to compare world cultures as well as subcultures within a single society. Cultures are compared on values, world-views, dominant practices, beliefs, and structures in order to re.
Running Head SOCIOLOGY1SOCIOLOGY 7Resea.docxtodd521
Running Head: SOCIOLOGY 1
SOCIOLOGY 7
Research onsociological perspective of racism, cultural beliefs, socialization, and ethnicity
Student’s Name:
Institutional Affiliation:
Course Details:
Submission Date:
Background information
The study concerning sociological perspective of racism, cultural beliefs, socialization, and ethnicity cuts across different societies for many months. The main subjects of this study were the societal perspective, cultures, ethnicity and racism, and socialization. The study involved different sociologists as researchers with an objective of learning different sociology concepts. Every society is bound by its cultures which are agreed by it and applicable to all members of that society. A breach of any cultural belief is regarded unethical and depending on the given societal culture, may attract punishment. Racism is one of the elements that almost all the societies considers unethical. The essay, Racism and Research: The Case of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study” by Allan M. Brandt found in Readings for Sociology, edited by G. Massey is among the articles which are actually advocating for anti-racism in the society. This paper seeks to explore on the cultural content if this book and other sources having similar content. The objective of this paper is to explore on the cultural chapters presented in this book including sociological perspective of racism, culture and cultural beliefs, socialization and ethnicity. By the end of this paper, the reader will have become able to actualize the theoretical content provided by various sources.
Introduction
This essay seeks to evaluate the cultural concepts presented by different sources whose research or study are aligned to the society where they represent. There are various sources whose objective is to reflect the societal beliefs in a way or another using different contexts such as religion, hospitals, and political ones. Many chapters regarding societal cultures such as sociological perspective, culture, socialization, racism, and deviance are used in exploration of different beliefs by different societies. This essay also seeks to evaluate the content of various sources regarding sociology and the manner in which different societies takes their content. Also, the applicability of different concepts in the society are explored. The main objective here is to explore on the sociological concepts and how various societies apply them with the aim of improving their ethicality.
The ethicality in this research
This research was ethical in the sense that it does not contravene any ethical standard while undertaking the study. Despite of undertaking a serious ethical cause, syphilis, the researchers are conscience about not being ethically gross. All the other aspects contained in the research are in accordance with the laid standards. Social perspectives are so wide to explore. Hence, different views are collected and analyzed while comparing those perspectives w.
The sociocultural approach focuses on how ethnicity, gender, and culture influence personality formation. It examines the differences between individualism, which prioritizes individual freedom, and collectivism, which prioritizes group affiliation. Psychologist Carl Rogers contributed to this perspective by noting that self-concepts reflect beliefs about how others see us, and that unconditional positive regard from therapists can facilitate personality change in clients. The sociocultural approach provides insights into how social and cultural factors shape self-concept and self-esteem over time. It enhances understanding of differences between cultures.
We are attracted to potential mates whose genes are dissimilar to our own, as this would produce children with a stronger, more diverse immune system, according to an experiment where women found the scents of men with dissimilar immune systems more pleasant (Wedekind, 1995). We also tend to be attracted to and perceive as similar to ourselves those who we believe share our characteristics, and our relationships can impact our self-concept (Byrne, 1971). Additionally, our culture and physical proximity to others influences who we form relationships with (Festinger et al, 1950).
Four Steps to Providing Health Care to Transgendered PeopleCésar E. Concepción
The document outlines four steps for providing healthcare to transgender people based on a needs assessment of healthcare providers. It discusses recognizing the range of gender expressions and desires for surgical/hormonal interventions. It also discusses distinguishing between gender identity and sexual orientation, finding local expertise and referral protocols, and establishing transgender-friendly policies within healthcare agencies.
This document discusses research into how men construct and negotiate experiences of distress and suicidal ideation in online support communities. The research questions examine constructions of masculinity and help-seeking, and how claims of suicidal thoughts are legitimized. Data will be collected from forums like Healthunlocked.com and Suicideforum.com through searches of key terms and analyzing posts and exchanges between men while maintaining anonymity. Ethical considerations include risks to communities and anonymizing data.
Stereotypes are overgeneralized beliefs about groups that may be exaggerated or offensive. They involve assigning qualities to people related to their race, nationality, or sexual orientation. Prejudice is a rigid, negative attitude toward another person or group based on their membership in that group. Discrimination involves negative actions toward a social group based on stereotypes and prejudice.
This document discusses conflict resolution and defines the five main styles of dealing with conflict: competitive, collaborative, compromising, avoiding, and accommodating. It also defines conflict and discusses sources and examples of conflict that can occur in interpersonal relationships, groups, workplace, and between social structures on a macro level. Micro-level conflict focuses on interactions between individuals while macro-level conflict analyzes social processes and their effects on groups in society. Both micro and macro perspectives aim to understand and resolve conflict effectively.
This document discusses key concepts related to cultural psychology, including definitions of culture, cultural dimensions, and the emic and etic perspectives. It provides definitions of culture from several researchers and defines Hofstede's cultural dimensions of power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism vs collectivism, masculinity vs femininity, long-term vs short-term orientation, and indulgence vs restraint. Examples of studies examining cultural dimensions and the emic and etic approaches are summarized. The document aims to define these important cultural psychology concepts and examine how cultural factors influence human behavior across societies.
Stereotypes are generalizations about groups of people that attribute a set of characteristics to them. Stereotypes simplify groups based on assumptions. They can be positive or negative. Stereotypes come from books, TV, advertising, and what adults teach children. Stereotyping can cause mistaken beliefs, affect judgments of individuals, lead to discrimination, and damage self-image and self-esteem. Personal morality and respecting diversity can help defeat negative stereotyping.
MedicYatra provides the safe & best Gender Reassignment Surgery at its affiliate & trusted hospitals & clinics in various metro cities of India, like Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Chennai, Pune etc.Our Associate Board certified doctors are extensively trained and vastly experienced and have performed hundreds of such surgery at our state of the art JCI accredited hospitals & Clinics. Our aim is to provide you the best of the services at the most affordable costs. Don't forget to say hi at info@medicyatra.com
Review of ethnicity and race in epidemiologyantone04
Whaley argues that ethnicity/race is often misused as a variable in epidemiological research, which can contribute to stereotypes and health disparities. He outlines 3 issues with current approaches: 1) overemphasizing genetic differences between ethnic/racial groups ignores socioeconomic factors; 2) focusing on individual risk ignores social conditions impacting population health; 3) failing to consider the cultural dimensions of ethnicity/race leads to misrepresentations of ethnic/racial groups as inherently unhealthy. Whaley suggests epidemiologists should pay more attention to socioeconomic factors and culture to avoid unintentionally exacerbating health disparities. However, the author notes alternatives to using individual risk factors are lacking as long as measuring ethnicity/race
The document provides an overview of muted group theory, which proposes that dominant groups create language that mutes subordinate groups. It discusses applications of the theory to gender, including how men created language to better express themselves while limiting women. The document then proposes a new study to apply muted group theory to romantic relationships, hypothesizing it may reveal communication issues between partners from dominant and subordinate groups. Interviews and surveys of different relationship types would test if muted group impacts expression.
University of Rochester Black Women in Medicine Documentary Essay.docxwrite4
This document provides context for a reflection paper assignment on the documentary "Black Women in Medicine". The documentary profiles black female pioneers in medicine and discusses several issues related to underrepresentation of minorities in health professions. It highlights topics like implicit bias, mentorship, and strategies to increase diversity. The assignment asks students to write a 2-3 page paper reflecting on how readings and class discussions relate to the documentary and how theoretical frameworks could explain the experiences of women featured. It provides potential questions to guide the paper.
Paper Writing Service - HelpWriting.net 👈
✅ Quality
You get an original and high-quality paper based on extensive research. The completed work will be correctly formatted, referenced and tailored to your level of study.
✅ Confidentiality
We value your privacy. We do not disclose your personal information to any third party without your consent. Your payment data is also safely handled as you process the payment through a secured and verified payment processor.
✅ Originality
Every single order we deliver is written from scratch according to your instructions. We have zero tolerance for plagiarism, so all completed papers are unique and checked for plagiarism using a leading plagiarism detector.
✅ On-time delivery
We strive to deliver quality custom written papers before the deadline. That's why you don't have to worry about missing the deadline for submitting your assignment.
✅ Free revisions
You can ask to revise your paper as many times as you need until you're completely satisfied with the result. Provide notes about what needs to be changed, and we'll change it right away.
✅ 24/7 Support
From answering simple questions to solving any possible issues, we're always here to help you in chat and on the phone. We've got you covered at any time, day or night.
Racism Essay
Racism is a harsh word that includes both attitudes and actions. Racism is unequally treating others because they belong to a certain racial or ethnic group and thinking they are inferior to your ethnic group. Sociologists have defined racism as the perception and treatment of a racial or ethnic group, or member of that group, as intellectually, socially, and culturally inferior to one s own group. It is more than an attitude; it is institutionalized in society. Racism is a silent disease that is spreading worldwide and negatively impacting people s lives and different areas of society and organizations. It is uncertain when racism started, but it became common during the slavery era in the seventeenth century, when Europeans and...show more content...Racism can negatively affect individuals, communities, organizations, and sometimes an entire nation. When it comes to individuals, their safety, educational ambitions, accessibility to housing, economic options and mental well being can be impacted. Racism can make people feel unsafe, low self esteem, harassed, and they are not welcomed in a certain society. Racism is a serious public health problem. Researchers have found that people who face racial discrimination are more likely to develop stress related health issues that could put them at risk for chronic diseases later in life and they were more likely to have higher levels of blood pressure, a higher body mass index, and higher levels of stress related hormones. Just being afraid of racial discrimination can trigger stress related responses, which means that many people of color who live in a racist society are constantly under increased stress. Racism prevent people f
Chapter 4Understanding Racism, Prejudice, and White Privilege4-WilheminaRossi174
Chapter: 4
Understanding Racism, Prejudice, and White Privilege4-1Defining and Contextualizing Racism
4-1
Hoyt Jr. (2012) defines racism as “a particular form of prejudice defined by preconceived erroneous beliefs about race and members of racial groups.” It is supported simultaneously by individuals, the institutional practices of society, and dominant cultural values and norms. Racism is a universal phenomenon that exists across cultures and tends to emerge wherever ethnic diversity and perceived or real differences in group characteristics become part of a struggle for social power. In the case of the United States, African Americans, Latinos/as, Native Americans, and Asian Americans—groups that we have been referring to as people of color—have been systematically subordinated by the white majority.
There are four important points to be made initially about racism:
· Prejudice and racism are not the same thing. Prejudice is a negative, inaccurate, rigid, and unfair way of thinking about members of another group. All human beings hold prejudices. This is true for people of color, as well as for majority group members. But there is a crucial difference between the prejudices held by whites and those held by people of color. whites have more power to enact their prejudices and therefore negatively impact the lives of people of color than vice versa. The term racism is used in relation to the racial attitudes and behavior of majority group members. Similar attitudes and behaviors on the part of people of color are referred to as prejudice and discrimination (a term commonly used to mean actions taken on the basis of one’s prejudices). Another way of describing this relationship is that prejudice plus power equals racism.
· Racism is a broad and all-pervasive social phenomenon that is mutually reinforced at all levels of society.
· Institutional racism involves the manipulation of societal institutions to give preferences and advantages to whites and at the same time restrict the choices, rights, mobility, and access of people of color.
· Cultural racism is the belief that the cultural ways of one group are superior to those of another. Cultural racism can be found both in individuals and in institutions. In the former, it is often referred to as ethnocentrism. Jones (2000) mentioned that historical insults, societal norms, unearned privilege, and structural barriers are all aspects of institutional racism.
· People tend to deny, rationalize, and avoid discussing their feelings and beliefs about race and ethnicity. Often, these feelings remain unconscious and are brought to awareness only with great difficulty.
· When young children hear the stories of people of color, they tend to feel deeply and sincerely with the storyteller. “I’m really sorry that you had to go through that” is the most common reaction of a child. By the time one reaches adulthood, however, the empathy is often gone. Instead, reactions tend to involve minimizing, justifying ...
This document summarizes two research studies on social groups and intergroup relations. The first study examined how presenting an in-group as resilient to threats can strengthen group identification and life satisfaction. The second study compared theories of prejudice and stereotyping in relations between Japanese, North Korean, and South Korean groups. It found that negative stereotypes lead to feelings of threat that then mediate levels of prejudice between groups, rather than stereotypes directly causing threat themselves. The document also includes the author's opinions agreeing and critiquing aspects of both studies.
Minority Stress Theory proposes that minority stressors like prejudice, discrimination, and victimization experienced by LGBTQ individuals lead to negative health outcomes. It was developed to explain higher rates of mental health issues in sexual and gender minorities. The theory is based on sociological and social psychological theories of stress and draws from concepts like social identity, social comparison, and the mismatch between individuals and their social environment. It has been expanded over time to apply not just to lesbian, gay and bisexual individuals but also to transgender and gender non-conforming people.
Not Apart of the Club Consumer Crossing Over Marketing Niche BoundariesRudy Diaz
This document is a thesis written by Rudy Diaz at the University of Denver in 2014 exploring how consumers occupy nightlife spaces in the Denver area and the implications for marketing niches. Through observations and interviews, Diaz discovered that heterosexual women often chose to socialize in gay bars to avoid misogyny in straight bars, and gay men sometimes chose straight bars to avoid unwanted attention. Both groups used these spaces as a refuge from their typical environments. Diaz also found that some heterosexual men would follow women to gay bars. The research suggests masculinity is expressed across a spectrum and influences experiences in nightlife spaces.
1Introduction The Multicultural PersonBoth the nature of what.docxdrennanmicah
1
Introduction: The Multicultural Person
Both the nature of what we take to be a self and its expression are inherently cultural (Bhatia & Stam, 2005, p. 419).
Each individual’s many aspects are not fragmented and distanced from one another or hierarchically ordered on behalf of a ruling center but remain in full interconnectedness and communication (Sampson, 1985, p. 1209).
There are a great variety of categories to which we simultaneously belong … Belonging to each one of the membership groups can be quite important, depending on the particular context … the importance of one identity need not obliterate the importance of others (Sen, 2006, p. 19).
Each of us is a multicultural human being. This simple and basic proposition, most descriptive of those of us who live in contemporary heterogeneous societies, constitutes the basic (though complex) theme of this book. Within its pages the reader will find attempts to explain, illustrate and argue for the value of this assertion. A major stimulus for pursuit of this is the belief that the study and understanding of behavior, when guided by the premise of individual multiculturalism, will increase the authenticity of our knowledge and the reliability of our predictions. This, in turn, should enhance the relevance and efficacy of the applications of our work to significant life situations – in the interest of advancing human welfare.
Multicultural Psychology and Cross-Cultural Psychology
This book needs to be distinguished from those that are in the tradition of cross-cultural psychology or mainstream multicultural psychology. The latter, as defined by Mio, Barker-Hackett, and Tumambing (2006, p. 32) “is the systematic study of all aspects of human behavior as it occurs in settings where people of different backgrounds encounter one another.” Multicultural psychologists prefer a salad bowl rather than a melting pot as metaphorical image, viewing the United States, for example, as a society in which groups maintain their distinctiveness (Moodley & Curling, 2006). They stress and argue for the necessary development of multicultural competence by psychologists and others. Such competence includes understanding of your own culture, respect for other cultures, and acquiring appropriate culturally sensitive interpersonal skills. To this end, professional guidelines have been proposed (and adopted) for education, training, and practice. Such guidelines are approved by the American Psychological Association (APA) for practice with persons of color (APA, 2003), practice with sexual minorities (APA, 2000), and practice with girls and women (APA, 2007).
The emphases in cross-cultural psychology are two-fold: first, to understand and appreciate the relationships among cultural factors and human functioning (Wallace, 2006); and second, to compare world cultures as well as subcultures within a single society. Cultures are compared on values, world-views, dominant practices, beliefs, and structures in order to re.
Running Head SOCIOLOGY1SOCIOLOGY 7Resea.docxtodd521
Running Head: SOCIOLOGY 1
SOCIOLOGY 7
Research onsociological perspective of racism, cultural beliefs, socialization, and ethnicity
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Background information
The study concerning sociological perspective of racism, cultural beliefs, socialization, and ethnicity cuts across different societies for many months. The main subjects of this study were the societal perspective, cultures, ethnicity and racism, and socialization. The study involved different sociologists as researchers with an objective of learning different sociology concepts. Every society is bound by its cultures which are agreed by it and applicable to all members of that society. A breach of any cultural belief is regarded unethical and depending on the given societal culture, may attract punishment. Racism is one of the elements that almost all the societies considers unethical. The essay, Racism and Research: The Case of the Tuskegee Syphilis Study” by Allan M. Brandt found in Readings for Sociology, edited by G. Massey is among the articles which are actually advocating for anti-racism in the society. This paper seeks to explore on the cultural content if this book and other sources having similar content. The objective of this paper is to explore on the cultural chapters presented in this book including sociological perspective of racism, culture and cultural beliefs, socialization and ethnicity. By the end of this paper, the reader will have become able to actualize the theoretical content provided by various sources.
Introduction
This essay seeks to evaluate the cultural concepts presented by different sources whose research or study are aligned to the society where they represent. There are various sources whose objective is to reflect the societal beliefs in a way or another using different contexts such as religion, hospitals, and political ones. Many chapters regarding societal cultures such as sociological perspective, culture, socialization, racism, and deviance are used in exploration of different beliefs by different societies. This essay also seeks to evaluate the content of various sources regarding sociology and the manner in which different societies takes their content. Also, the applicability of different concepts in the society are explored. The main objective here is to explore on the sociological concepts and how various societies apply them with the aim of improving their ethicality.
The ethicality in this research
This research was ethical in the sense that it does not contravene any ethical standard while undertaking the study. Despite of undertaking a serious ethical cause, syphilis, the researchers are conscience about not being ethically gross. All the other aspects contained in the research are in accordance with the laid standards. Social perspectives are so wide to explore. Hence, different views are collected and analyzed while comparing those perspectives w.
The sociocultural approach focuses on how ethnicity, gender, and culture influence personality formation. It examines the differences between individualism, which prioritizes individual freedom, and collectivism, which prioritizes group affiliation. Psychologist Carl Rogers contributed to this perspective by noting that self-concepts reflect beliefs about how others see us, and that unconditional positive regard from therapists can facilitate personality change in clients. The sociocultural approach provides insights into how social and cultural factors shape self-concept and self-esteem over time. It enhances understanding of differences between cultures.
Numerous experimental researchers prove prejudice is an unfavorable and preoccupied judgment directed towards a specific group or individual. Initial research that was carried out in the occurrence in 1920s proves that there exists hierarchical supremacy. The theorist made the discovery that prejudice originates from authoritarian individuals segmenting the society in the basis of hierarchical as well as abnormal judgment. In his 1979 analysis, Thomas clearly defined negative attributes on the experience of the global out-group.
- See more at: http://www.customwritingservice.org/blog/the-psychology-of-prejudice-stereotyping-and-discrimination/
Critical Race Theory (CRT) examines how race and racism influence American society. It traces how racism has manifested through history in areas like law, literature, and film. CRT scholars seek to understand how systemic racism affects victims and how they represent themselves in response. They also aim to confront and challenge beliefs and practices that enable racism to persist, in order to work toward liberating society from systemic racism and inequality.
Running head LITERATURE REVIEW FIRST DRAFT .docxcowinhelen
Running head: LITERATURE REVIEW FIRST DRAFT 1
LITERATURE REVIEW FIRST DRAFT 12
Literature Review First Draft
Tracey Joseph
Argosy University
Advanced Academic Study and Writing _7000-A03
December/09/2016
Introduction TITLE OG PAPER GOES HERE NOT INTRODUCTION Comment by Owner: Title goes here
The issue of domestic violence continues to pose a major threat to the wellbeing of many individuals and families. Apart from the physical scars that can arise due to assault, victims also end up having to contend with many emotional, psychological, and mental unbalance because of the abuse. Domestic violence counselors from different parts of the world work relentlessly to understand the underlying dynamics of this issue in order to help the affected people lead healthy and fulfilling lives. Examining these counselors’ perceptions, views, perspectives, attitudes and experiences of dealing with the victims and perpetrators of domestic violence can thus shed light into the magnitude and nature of this vice. It can also aid in successful completion of the dissertation project, which aspires to answer the research question: “How do counselors dealing with domestic violence victims perceive and describe their client’s experiences of victimization?” The purpose of this literature review is to identify recurrent themes or patterns within published research dealing with the issue of counselors’ perceptions of domestic violence. Some of the themes to be addressed in the review includesinclude counselors’ perceptions on the role of gender in domestic violence cases, their perceptions on the causes of domestic violence, their views on victim/perpetrator characteristics as well as their perspectives on the challenges they encounter while working with domestic violence cases. The review also addresses the perspectives of counselors on measures that can help in curbing domestic violence while addressing some gaps/weaknesses and strengths of the sources analyzed.
Literature Review
Existing literature supports the fact that domestic violence takes many forms including physical, sexual, emotional, psychological and economic abuse. It can also take the form of isolation, damage of property and threats (Yamawaki, Ochoa-Shipp, Pulsipher, Harlos, & Swindler, 2012). Many theoretical and empirical studies have endeavored to examine the perceptions of counselors as they relate to cases of domestic violence.( CITE NAME OF STUDIES) In a majority of these studies, the issue of the role of gender in perpetrating incidences of intimate partner violence stands out. Banks and& Fedewa (2012) aspired to examine the attitudes, experiences and perceptions of counselors towards domestic violence in opposite-sex versus same-sex marriages. While the focus of many studies is usually in heterosexual relationships, the research ...
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
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How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
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Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
2. Why the Topic?
I have always been interested in the effects of a racially divided society on the
lives of several groups of people. There is quite a bit of research on the effects
of racial discrimination on specific ethnic groups, but research on multiracial
people is lacking. I would like to see from the perspective of an
underrepresented group of people.
3. Bring in the Experts!
Michael T. Schmitt, Ph.D Jessica D. Remedios, Ph.D
4. Credentials
Michael T. Schmitt, Ph.D
Associate Professor / Area
Coordinator – Social in the
Department of Psychology at Simon
Fraser University
Jessica D. Remedios, Ph.D
Assistant Professor of Psychology at
Tufts University.
5. Background
Michael T. Schmitt, Ph.D.
Dr. Schmitt is an associate professor
and researcher at Simon Fraser
University. He has worked extensively
with intergroup relations, collective
identity, responses to social inequality,
coping with discrimination, and, more
recently, environmental sustainability.
The bulk of his research examines
prejudice and its psycho-social effects
in terms of gender and race.
Jessica D. Remedios, Ph.D.
Dr. Remedios is a researcher and
assistant professor at Tufts
University of Toronto. Her research
dissects the impact of stereotypes
on specific groups of people. She is
interested in how stigmatized
people are perceived by others and
how they see themselves.
6. Research
Dr. Schmitt, in his article titled
“Perceived Discrimination, Group
Identification, and Life Satisfaction
Among Multiracial People: A Test of
the Rejection-identification Model”,
argues that multiracial people, like
other racial minorities, face a high
degree of racial discrimination. His
research shows that perceived
discrimination and life satisfaction are
negatively correlated. Dr. Schmitt and
his team have found that multiracial
people are inclined to identify with
and find solace in fellow multiracial
people.
Dr. Remedios, in her article titled
“Finally, Someone Who “Gets” Me!
Multiracial People Value Others„
Accuracy About Their Race”, argues
that multiracial people value other
people‟s accuracy about their racial
background. Her research shows that
multiracial people consider their race
an integral part of their identity.
Results also show that multiracial
people are more likely to maintain
interaction with fellow multiracial
people.
7. Explanation and Discussion
Both Dr. Schmitt and Dr. Remedios agree that multiracial people experience a
degree of racial discrimination. Their research shows that multiracial people
consider their cultural background an integral part of their identity. Finally, the
two experts have found that multiracial people are more likely to interact with
fellow multiracial people.
8. Reference
Giamo, L. S., Schmitt, M. T., & Outten, H. (2012). Perceived Discrimination,
Group Identification, and Life Satisfaction Among Multiracial People: A Test
of the Rejection-identification Model. Cultural Diversity And Ethnic Minority
Psychology, 18(4), 319-328.
Photograph of Dr. Remedios. Retrieved on Sept, 19, 2013, from:
http://ase.tufts.edu/psychology/peopleRemedios.htm
Photograph of Dr. Schmitt. Retrieved on Sept, 19, 2013, from:
http://www.psyc.sfu.ca/people/index.php?topic=finf&id=99
Remedios, J. D., & Chasteen, A. L. (2013). Finally, Someone Who “Gets”
Me! Multiracial People Value Others' Accuracy About Their Race. Cultural
Diversity And Ethnic Minority Psychology,