Introduction to Web Operations - including virtualization, cloud computing, Docker, and Kubernetes

1. Web Operations 101 @nellshamrell
Web Operations 101
Nell Shamrell-Harrington
Operation Code

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A long time ago in a galaxy not
so far away…

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$ git push heroku master

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Heroku makes things easy by
hiding a lot under the hood

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Web Operations
• Anything involved in running an application so that it is
accessible over the internet

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Nell Shamrell-Harrington
• Chief Technology Officer, Operation Code
• Sr. Software Engineer, Chef
• Proud military daughter

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Back to 2009…

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One Application/Server

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LAMP Stack
Linux OS

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LAMP Stack
Apache
Web Server
Linux OS

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LAMP Stack
Apache
Web Server
MySQL
Database
Linux OS

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LAMP Stack
Apache
Web Server
MySQL
Database
PHP
Linux OS

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What if we could run more than
one application on one server?

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Enter Virtualization

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Virtualization
Linux OS

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Virtualization
Linux OS
Linux OS
Apache MySQL PHP

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Virtualization
Linux OS
Linux OS
Apache MySQL PHP
Linux OS
Apache MySQL PHP

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Virtualization
Linux OS
Linux OS
Apache MySQL PHP
Linux OS
Apache MySQL PHP
Windows

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Enter Cloud Computing

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Cloud Computing

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Enter Containers

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Containers use just enough
of the Operating System,
nothing more

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Containers
Container Host

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Containers
Container Host
Apache
Container
Apache
Container
PHP
Container
PHP
Container
PHP
Container

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Creating a Container Image
Application
Code

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Creating a Container Image
Application
Code
Add a
DockerFile
(Specify what
parts of OS
to use)

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Creating a Container Image
Application
Code
Add a
DockerFile
(Specify what
parts of OS
to use)
Container
Image

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Container
Image

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Container Host
Container
Image

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Container Host
Container
Image
Container

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Container Guidelines
• Containers should be short lived

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Container Guidelines
• Containers should be short lived
• No persistent data should be kept in a container

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When you have lots of
containers…

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…how do you coordinate and
manage them?

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Enter Orchestrators

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Apache
Apache
Apache
Apache
PHP
PHP
Kubernetes orchestrates
containers…

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Apache
Apache
Apache
Apache
PHP
PHP
Domain Name
DB
Kubernetes orchestrates
containers…
and their connections
to other resources

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Recommended Resources
• Ops School (http://www.opsschool.org/en/latest/
index.html)
• The Children’s Illustrated Guide to Kubernetes (https://
deis.com/blog/2016/kubernetes-illustrated-guide/)

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Recommended Resources
• Ops School (http://www.opsschool.org/en/latest/
index.html)
• The Children’s Illustrated Guide to Kubernetes (https://
deis.com/blog/2016/kubernetes-illustrated-guide/)
Thank You!