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This document describes a high-throughput assay to detect endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) in water sources. It discusses the characteristics of EDCs, including their low dose effects, wide range of effects on tissues and organs, and persistent and latent impacts. The technology uses green fluorescent protein-labeled nuclear receptors that detect EDCs through concentration-dependent translocation responses. Results show the assay can automatically screen water samples for glucocorticoid and androgen activity using an imaging analysis system. Maps indicate collection sites and their contamination levels of glucocorticoid or androgenic activity.
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Phrasal verbs are verbs combined with prepositions or adverbs that create meanings different from the original verb. Examples are "ran into" meaning meet and "ran away" meaning leave home. Phrasal verbs can be transitive, taking objects, or intransitive. Some transitive phrasal verbs separate the object from the verb and preposition, while others keep the object after the preposition. Native English speakers commonly use phrasal verbs in everyday conversation.
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Presentation1
Phrasal verbs are verbs combined with prepositions or adverbs that create meanings different from the original verb. Examples are "ran into" meaning meet and "ran away" meaning leave home. Phrasal verbs can be transitive, taking objects, or intransitive. Some transitive phrasal verbs separate the object from the verb and preposition, while others keep the object after the preposition. Native English speakers commonly use phrasal verbs in everyday conversation.
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Presentation1
Phrasal verbs are verbs combined with prepositions or adverbs that create meanings different from the original verb. Examples are "ran into" meaning meet and "ran away" meaning leave home. Phrasal verbs can be transitive, taking objects, or intransitive. Some transitive phrasal verbs separate the object from the verb and preposition, while others keep the object after the preposition. Native English speakers commonly use phrasal verbs in everyday conversation.
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Presentation2
A phrasal verb is a verb combined with a preposition, adverb, or both to form a semantic unit. Phrasal verbs are common in English and often have meanings different from the individual words. There are two main types - particle verbs containing adverbs and prepositional verbs containing prepositions. The position of objects with phrasal verbs depends on whether it is a particle or prepositional verb and whether the object is a pronoun or noun phrase. Phrasal verbs are an important part of spoken English.
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Water slides-for-web
- 1. A High-Throughput Assay for Detection and Monitoring of Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals in Water Sources Diana Stavreva, Lyuba Varticovski, Gordon L. Hager Background: Endocrine Disruptor (ED) is an exogenous substance or mixture that alters function(s) of the endocrine system and consequently causes adverse health effects in an intact organism, or its progeny, or (sub) populations (WHO/I 2002)” Characteristics of EDCs • Low dose effects – High dose effects are different from low dose effects – Non-monotonic dose responses • Wide range of effects – Endocrine signaling govern all tissues/organs – Nuclear and membrane receptors, neurotransmitters, etc. • Persistent and latent effects – Developmental exposure most sensitive window – Transgenerational effects (dioxin, BPA, phthalates) • Ubiquitous exposure – Consumer products – Pharmaceuticals – Industrial products
- 2. Technology: Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled Automated imaging analysis system (Opera) nuclear receptors chimera detects EDCs in water samples Concentration-dependent translocation of GFP-GR and GFP-AR in response to known hormones
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- 4. Results: Geographic location of the collection sites and their contamination with glucocorticoid and androgenic activity