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Vortex-Velocity based Fluid
Simulation
Reza Nezami
Based on Series of Articles by Dr. M.J. Gourlay
Fluid Simulation for Games
Motivations
• True Water based Video Games still Missing!
• Big difference between Visual vs Physical
Simulations!
• Dawn of Parallelizing API + Multicore HW
• Challenging! Conventional
RigidBody/Articulation/Collision based physics
not suitable here!
Discretization/Representation
a) Grid Based (Eulerian View, SPH)
b) Particle Based (Lagrangian View, DVM),
Fluid Properties/Formula
• Pressure : p
• Viscosity : v
• Density : q
• Temperature : affects the above properties
• Navier-Stokes equation is governing formula
for fluid dynamics
Computation Representation
Buoyancy
DVM
• use vortex particles called vortons to
represent tiny vortex elements:
Biot-Savart Law (used for advection):
Vorton Dynamics
• With N Vortons, advection computation is
O(N^2)
• Too slow, use Vorton Clusters (influence tree)
Hybrid Scheme
• Use grid cell representation to aggregate
effect of all vortons in each cell as one
• Fluid is represented by two kind of particles:
vortons and tracers. Tracers are passive and
only carry momentum, but do not contribute
to fluid dynamic.
• Use interpolation to distribute updated grid
attributes to all actors (vortons & tracers)
Boundary Conditions / Rigid body
interaction
• Various boundary conditions:
• (a) No-through, (b) no-slip, (c) free-slip, and
(d) periodic
Ways to satisfy boundary conditions
• Assigning a vorton to satisfy no-through and
no-slip boundary conditions:
Implementation
• Use influence tree to compute velocity based
on vorticity at each grid point, using Biot-
Savart law on the gird:
• Use velocity on the grid to compute its
Jacobian used in
Implementation (Cont’d)
• Diffuse term represents dissipation
of vorticity cross grid boundaries between
neigboring vortons. So we can use this
instead:
• Advection in is automatically
taken care of by allowing vortons to move in
the fluid.
Implementation(Cont’d)
• Final resulting vorticity equation is
embarrassingly parallel and could easily be
parallelized using say Intel’s TBB.
• Here’s link to sample implementation by Dr.
Gourlay:
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MlFAzXeC
B80

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Fluid Simulation methods in Video Games

  • 1. Vortex-Velocity based Fluid Simulation Reza Nezami Based on Series of Articles by Dr. M.J. Gourlay Fluid Simulation for Games
  • 2.
  • 3. Motivations • True Water based Video Games still Missing! • Big difference between Visual vs Physical Simulations! • Dawn of Parallelizing API + Multicore HW • Challenging! Conventional RigidBody/Articulation/Collision based physics not suitable here!
  • 4. Discretization/Representation a) Grid Based (Eulerian View, SPH) b) Particle Based (Lagrangian View, DVM),
  • 5. Fluid Properties/Formula • Pressure : p • Viscosity : v • Density : q • Temperature : affects the above properties • Navier-Stokes equation is governing formula for fluid dynamics
  • 8. DVM • use vortex particles called vortons to represent tiny vortex elements: Biot-Savart Law (used for advection):
  • 9. Vorton Dynamics • With N Vortons, advection computation is O(N^2) • Too slow, use Vorton Clusters (influence tree)
  • 10. Hybrid Scheme • Use grid cell representation to aggregate effect of all vortons in each cell as one • Fluid is represented by two kind of particles: vortons and tracers. Tracers are passive and only carry momentum, but do not contribute to fluid dynamic. • Use interpolation to distribute updated grid attributes to all actors (vortons & tracers)
  • 11. Boundary Conditions / Rigid body interaction • Various boundary conditions: • (a) No-through, (b) no-slip, (c) free-slip, and (d) periodic
  • 12. Ways to satisfy boundary conditions • Assigning a vorton to satisfy no-through and no-slip boundary conditions:
  • 13. Implementation • Use influence tree to compute velocity based on vorticity at each grid point, using Biot- Savart law on the gird: • Use velocity on the grid to compute its Jacobian used in
  • 14. Implementation (Cont’d) • Diffuse term represents dissipation of vorticity cross grid boundaries between neigboring vortons. So we can use this instead: • Advection in is automatically taken care of by allowing vortons to move in the fluid.
  • 15. Implementation(Cont’d) • Final resulting vorticity equation is embarrassingly parallel and could easily be parallelized using say Intel’s TBB. • Here’s link to sample implementation by Dr. Gourlay: • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MlFAzXeC B80

Editor's Notes

  1. DVM advantages: Since it is by theory divergence free, so solutions are stable, can be applied to low viscosity better... Can concentrate computational resources on more interesting part of fluid: i.e. vortices