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vulnirability of children and how to help them discover their talent
1. Chapter 3 From Vulnirability To
Competency:
A Tale Of Two Paradigms
Culture and Helping Children
2. Vulnerability
Paradigm
In the past, we used to think of children as weak or vulnerable.
Helpless and naive
This meant we thought they needed extra protection and couldn't do
things for themselves.
Adults often take charge of caring for them and making decisions on
their behalf.
3. What Does Vulnirabilty Paradigm
Justifies?
This paradigm justifies adult control
over the lives of children, leaving
them with virtually no voice in
matters concerning their own
welfare. Problems affecting children
are seen as stemming from individual
deficits rather than social systems or
external factors.
4. The vulnerability paradigm
limits our understanding of
what children can achieve and
reinforces adult control over
their lives while neglecting
larger societal issues impacting
their well-being.
5. But then, people started
to think differently.
- They began to see that
children could do more
than we thought. This was
the start of a big change.
6. Competency Paradigm
- Now, we see children as competent.
- This means we believe they can do things
for themselves and make their own decisions.
-Empowers them personally and socially.
7. Even if a child has experienced severe abuse,
there are still some strengths they have that
can be identified and used to help them
cope with stress or trauma. For example,
even if a child cannot physically do much
due to being bedridden for life, they may
have spiritual strength that helps them stay
positive.
8. The competency paradigm looks at three
dimensions: the body, the mind, and the spirit.
While we often focus on physical abilities or
mental skills when working with children, it's also
important to consider spirituality as an aspect of
resilience. Children can be models of spirituality
because they haven't been corrupted by negative
experiences yet - even in crisis situations where
anger or revenge might seem like natural
responses for adults, children often show
remarkable strength in staying positive and helping
others.
9. Look at children not just as victims but as
survivors who have unique strengths that
can be harnessed to help them overcome
challenges. By focusing on what they can
do well rather than only what they struggle
with, we can build up their confidence and
resilience over time.
11. Culture is a way of understanding the world around
us. It's like a set of rules that people follow to make
sense of things. The culture we grow up in affects
how we are treated and perceived by others.
Children from different cultures are raised
differently and have different expectations placed
on them. To help children, it's important for
practitioners to understand the culture they come
from so they can work with them effectively.
12. Sikolohiyang Pilipino (SP) is an example of using cultural perspective to
better understand children's needs. SP helps break down Western ideas
that assume one size fits all when it comes to theories, methods, and
techniques used in child development. By using SP, we learn about the
importance of culture in shaping who we are and how we see ourselves
and others around us.
13. Sikolohiyang Pilipino, which began in the 1970s in the Philippines. This
movement questions the validity of Western psychology in the
Philippine setting and instead uses concepts that are relevant and
meaningful to Filipino culture. The goal is to pursue the welfare of
Filipinos by examining their own ways of dealing with children and
exploring indigenous culture and experience.
The text explains that SP uses local terms to describe Filipino
experiences instead of using Western concepts. For example, sumpong
would be used instead of bipolar disorder. Additionally, SP tries to
develop methods and techniques that are familiar with Filipinos so
they can feel comfortable participating.
14. At the core of SP is understanding values, particularly
pakikipag-kapwa or interpersonal relationships. This
means treating others fairly with respect and deference
without belittling or mistreating them. By valuing
kapwa, one becomes someone who knows how to
makipagkapwa-tao. Sikolohiyang Pilipino focuses on
using culturally relevant ideas for psychology in order to
better understand Filipino experiences and improve
their well-being through respectful interactions with
others.
15. According to Melba Maggay (2002), in a high-context culture like ours, the use of "pakikiramdam" is
demanded. A high-context culture is one that has a strong sense of shared meaning, either due to long-
standing traditions or intense communal interaction. In high-context cultures, there is a high reliance on
implicit communication patterns, known as "pahiwatig" in Filipino. On the other hand, a low-context culture,
like that of the United States, values direct verbal expression or being straightforward.
In our culture, if someone misinterprets our non-verbal cues or "pahiwatig," they may hear a comment like,
"Kailangan ko pa bang sabihin sa iyo iyan? Dapat nakiramdam ka na." This translates to "Do I need to tell you
that? You should have known how to feel your way around things."
From an early age, we learn to discern non-verbal cues through our socialization with our parents. Sometimes,
failing to understand these cues can result in scolding or even physical punishment, like a spanking.
