Several countries in Africa and Asia have begun formal negotiations with the European Commission to establish voluntary partnership agreements (VPAs) under the EU's Forest Law Enforcement, Governance and Trade (FLEGT) Action Plan in order to license and verify the legality of timber exports to the EU. Negotiations are ongoing with Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Liberia, Ghana, Cameroon, Congo, Central African Republic, Gabon, and the Democratic Republic of Congo as of February 2011.