This document summarizes major legal issues related to virtual worlds. It discusses how contracts, including terms of service agreements, are used to regulate virtual worlds. It also covers litigation related to virtual property ownership and potential tort and criminal issues. Additionally, it outlines intellectual property and taxation considerations for virtual world activities.
The document discusses intellectual property law in California. It summarizes that Congress has the power to establish patent and copyright laws, while states can pass additional laws to protect intellectual property. California specifically allows for actions related to conversion, misappropriation, and breach of contract regarding intellectual property. The document also discusses how the California Attorney General's office investigates antitrust cases involving intellectual property and prosecutes intellectual property crimes.
The document discusses various types of mortgage fraud including:
- Puffing, where a seller lists a property for its real value but the buyer wants to purchase it for a higher inflated value.
- Investment straw buys, where borrowers are promised payment at closing in exchange for taking out fraudulent loans as part of an alleged investment scheme.
- Shot-gunning, where a perpetrator takes out multiple equity lines of credit on a property all at once without lenders knowing about prior liens.
- Foreclosure bail-outs, where a perpetrator promises to help a consumer in foreclosure but fraudulently resells the property without the consumer's knowledge.
Although white collar crimes are non-violent offenses. They are criminal offenses nonetheless and can be punished just as harshly as other, more well-know crimes; a basic understanding of some of the more common white - collar crimes might prevent you from unknowingly participating in one . Learn more about white collar crimes in California in this presentation.
This document summarizes a talk on video game law and the relationship between creation, connection, copyright, and contracts in the video game industry. It discusses how creation enables connection through games, leading to greater connections, and how creation acts as merger points in a connected network. It then examines how creation relates to copyright law as constraints, while connecting relates to contract law as restraints. Finally, it explores issues around the use of EULAs and terms of service to contractually restrain user rights beyond what copyright law allows.
This document provides an introduction to business law 110-4207 presented by Susan King, Kelly Hiltbruner, and Shelby Simon. It discusses the US judicial system including criminal and civil law. Examples of criminal and civil cases are given. The presentation then focuses on business law and how the judicial system oversees business activities. Key business law concepts like statutory law, common law, administrative agencies, torts, patents, trademarks, copyright, sales law, contracts, antitrust law, consumer protection, and bankruptcy are defined. The importance of understanding legal issues in business is emphasized.
Topics covered in this month’s trademark group presentation include USPTO’s Report to Congress on Trademark Litigation Tactics, USPTO seeks comments on fee-processing methods, case law updates concerning topics including privacy of e-mails, the "Red Cross Statute,” and contributory dilution.
This document discusses the emerging field of online reputation management law. It begins by quoting an author stating that online reputation management will be the "next big thing" that everyone must deal with. It then provides examples of Canadian court cases related to online reputation and anonymity. These cases demonstrate different judicial approaches to balancing privacy interests with the interests of justice in cases involving anonymous online speech. The document also discusses websites that allow users to rate and review people and services, and the legal issues that can arise from negative ratings posts. It concludes by considering whether reputation management law truly qualifies as the "next big thing" and examines issues like how court's assess reputational harm and damage awards in online defamation cases.
The document discusses intellectual property law in California. It summarizes that Congress has the power to establish patent and copyright laws, while states can pass additional laws to protect intellectual property. California specifically allows for actions related to conversion, misappropriation, and breach of contract regarding intellectual property. The document also discusses how the California Attorney General's office investigates antitrust cases involving intellectual property and prosecutes intellectual property crimes.
The document discusses various types of mortgage fraud including:
- Puffing, where a seller lists a property for its real value but the buyer wants to purchase it for a higher inflated value.
- Investment straw buys, where borrowers are promised payment at closing in exchange for taking out fraudulent loans as part of an alleged investment scheme.
- Shot-gunning, where a perpetrator takes out multiple equity lines of credit on a property all at once without lenders knowing about prior liens.
- Foreclosure bail-outs, where a perpetrator promises to help a consumer in foreclosure but fraudulently resells the property without the consumer's knowledge.
Although white collar crimes are non-violent offenses. They are criminal offenses nonetheless and can be punished just as harshly as other, more well-know crimes; a basic understanding of some of the more common white - collar crimes might prevent you from unknowingly participating in one . Learn more about white collar crimes in California in this presentation.
This document summarizes a talk on video game law and the relationship between creation, connection, copyright, and contracts in the video game industry. It discusses how creation enables connection through games, leading to greater connections, and how creation acts as merger points in a connected network. It then examines how creation relates to copyright law as constraints, while connecting relates to contract law as restraints. Finally, it explores issues around the use of EULAs and terms of service to contractually restrain user rights beyond what copyright law allows.
This document provides an introduction to business law 110-4207 presented by Susan King, Kelly Hiltbruner, and Shelby Simon. It discusses the US judicial system including criminal and civil law. Examples of criminal and civil cases are given. The presentation then focuses on business law and how the judicial system oversees business activities. Key business law concepts like statutory law, common law, administrative agencies, torts, patents, trademarks, copyright, sales law, contracts, antitrust law, consumer protection, and bankruptcy are defined. The importance of understanding legal issues in business is emphasized.
Topics covered in this month’s trademark group presentation include USPTO’s Report to Congress on Trademark Litigation Tactics, USPTO seeks comments on fee-processing methods, case law updates concerning topics including privacy of e-mails, the "Red Cross Statute,” and contributory dilution.
This document discusses the emerging field of online reputation management law. It begins by quoting an author stating that online reputation management will be the "next big thing" that everyone must deal with. It then provides examples of Canadian court cases related to online reputation and anonymity. These cases demonstrate different judicial approaches to balancing privacy interests with the interests of justice in cases involving anonymous online speech. The document also discusses websites that allow users to rate and review people and services, and the legal issues that can arise from negative ratings posts. It concludes by considering whether reputation management law truly qualifies as the "next big thing" and examines issues like how court's assess reputational harm and damage awards in online defamation cases.
Metagaming - Engage! Digital Law Conferenceguest6338cf7
Avoid the Metagame Trap: Understanding a Game Operator's Responsibilities
When some uses your game in ways you didn't anticipate, what level of liability do you have? What are the legal issues, including criminal issues, at play for a game operator? How liable for grey-market trade is the game owner?
This session will look at the degree to which game operators and owners are responsible for the actions of users outside the scope of intended play -- and ways to mitigate risk early on in the development timeline.
This chapter discusses the legal, ethical, and tax issues related to electronic commerce. It covers laws governing e-commerce activities, intellectual property, online crime and security issues. Some key topics include jurisdiction and borders on the internet, contracting and contract enforcement online, using and protecting intellectual property, copyright and patent infringement risks, and regulating advertising and deceptive practices.
PELTON PowerPoint: ABA Cyberspace Institute 2011-01-28erikpelton
"Trademark Strategies for 2012" Presentation to the American Bar Association's Cyberspace Institute in Austin Texas on January 28, 2011. The presentation explores recent changes to the practice of trademark law, and what the future might hold for trademark owners and attorneys who advise them.
BITCOIN IS MONEY, RULES NEW YORK FEDERAL JUDGESteven Rhyner
To be {money|cash}, {or not|or otherwise} to be {money|cash}? That is the {question|concern|inquiry} when it {comes to|concerns|pertains to|involves} Bitcoin. {Many people|Lots of people|Many individuals} {around the world|worldwide|around the globe|all over the world} have {a very|an extremely|a really} {vague|unclear|obscure} understanding of {what|exactly what|just what} {money|cash} {actually|really|in fact} is, {and|as well as|and also} this {can|could} {certainly|definitely|absolutely} {extend to|encompass|reach|include} the {judges|courts} at {federal|government} {levels|degrees}, {who|that} are {now|currently} {having to|needing to} {wrestle with|duke it out} this {definition|meaning|interpretation}
The document discusses the differences between mediation confidentiality and privilege. While most states have strong mediation privilege laws, federal courts take differing approaches. Some federal district courts recognize a mediation privilege based on local rules, while circuit courts have declined to adopt a uniform federal privilege. This can lead to situations where materials protected by state privilege laws may be disclosed in federal court or vice versa. The lack of uniformity creates uncertainty around mediation confidentiality when cases involve both state and federal issues or proceedings.
The document discusses several legal issues related to e-commerce including jurisdiction, encryption, privacy, copyright, trademarks, and more. It provides definitions and examples for each topic. For jurisdiction, it summarizes the CompuServe vs. Patterson case where a software developer sued CompuServe for trademark infringement and the court found it did have jurisdiction. For copyright, it outlines the A&M Records vs. Napster case where Napster was found to have contributed to copyright infringement by allowing users to share music files. It also summarizes other cases related to linking/framing, libel, and trademarks. The document concludes with descriptions of encryption regulation and privacy rights issues.
This document discusses various legal and ethical issues related to using social media as a lawyer. It addresses topics such as attorney-client relationships, client confidentiality, trial publicity, fee splitting, cloud storage of client files, ex parte communications, and relationships with judges and jurors on social media. The document also covers privacy laws, liability for user-generated content, cybersecurity, laws regarding minors and social media, and ethical guidelines for attorneys' use of social media.
The document summarizes several topics in trademark and copyright law from a legal conference, including:
1) Updates to federal and state trademark registration processes and hot topics in trademark litigation.
2) Recent copyright cases on issues like orphan works, public display of copyrighted broadcasts, and performance royalties for artists.
3) A summary of the Perfect 10 v. Google case regarding search engines and copyright infringement.
Benjamin Wright, Texas attorney and Senior Instructor at the SANS Institute, shares tips for gathering social media evidence in an investigation. Check out the webinar recording: http://i-sight.com/gathering-social-media-evidence/
This document discusses various legal issues related to the use of social data, including copyright, right of publicity, trademarks, defamation, content regulation, marketing, workplace issues, and due diligence. It notes that many businesses and individuals lack an understanding of the applicable legal requirements and risks, such as content removal, penalties, and lost opportunities. It provides an overview of key areas of law and encourages learning the "rules of the road" to avoid these risks when creating, commercializing, and enforcing rights related to content and speech online or in other digital contexts.
The document summarizes debates around the role of antitrust law in standard setting organizations (SSOs) between the Department of Justice (DOJ) and Federal Trade Commission (FTC). It discusses differences in how the two agencies apply Section 2 of the Sherman Act versus Section 5 of the FTC Act to cases involving patents and standards. It also analyzes recent FTC cases against Rambus and N-Data regarding disclosure of patents during SSO processes.
Presentation at the 2013 CSUN Disability and Technology Conference about laws, regulations, court cases and legal settlements about digital accessibility for people with disabilities. Presentation by Lainey Feingold (@LFLegal) and Linda Dardarian (gbdhlegal.com)
Copyright trolls have emerged as opportunistic entities that aggressively pursue copyright infringement lawsuits against individuals, not to protect creative works, but rather to profit through coercing settlements. The article discusses the rise of copyright trolls and their abusive tactics, such as targeting large numbers of "John Doe" defendants and exploiting high statutory damages to pressure settlements. While a victory against a troll lawsuit in Oregon reduced the financial viability of the troll business model, the problem persists nationwide due to imbalances in copyright law promoted by entertainment industry lobbying.
Celsius problems with the CFTC seem to be that the CFTC believes they broke rules relating to commodity trading. The CFTC will need to vote before a decision to take Celsius to court is final.
https://youtu.be/31JfO_4gWhE
A discussion of some of the most common legal issues that arise in the "social" web environment. Given at Social Media Club Detroit's February meeting.
This document summarizes topics related to valuation, damages, and expert witnesses in intellectual property and intangible asset disputes. It discusses various types of damages awards, standards for expert witnesses, methods for valuing intangible assets and establishing royalty rates, and case studies related to patent, trademark, copyright, and right of publicity litigation. A case study at the end values stock distribution, dividend income, payments, and retirement benefits for a company conglomerate at over $325 million using an income approach and discounted cash flows. The document concludes by discussing future trends in intellectual property.
Deferred indefeasibility and mortgage prioritiesRichard Saad
The document summarizes a presentation given by Simon about a recent court case, CIBC Mortgages Inc. v. Computershare Trust Company, that impacted mortgage priorities. The case involved a fraudulent discharge of a first mortgage by a borrower ("the Fraudster") that allowed them to take out new mortgages. The court ruled that the second mortgagee, CIBC, should have investigated the circumstances of the fraudulent discharge and therefore their mortgage was demoted to second priority, restoring the original first mortgage. This sets a precedent that lenders may not fully rely on land title records and raises questions about the level of diligence now required when granting mortgages.
Metagaming - Engage! Digital Law Conferenceguest6338cf7
Avoid the Metagame Trap: Understanding a Game Operator's Responsibilities
When some uses your game in ways you didn't anticipate, what level of liability do you have? What are the legal issues, including criminal issues, at play for a game operator? How liable for grey-market trade is the game owner?
This session will look at the degree to which game operators and owners are responsible for the actions of users outside the scope of intended play -- and ways to mitigate risk early on in the development timeline.
This chapter discusses the legal, ethical, and tax issues related to electronic commerce. It covers laws governing e-commerce activities, intellectual property, online crime and security issues. Some key topics include jurisdiction and borders on the internet, contracting and contract enforcement online, using and protecting intellectual property, copyright and patent infringement risks, and regulating advertising and deceptive practices.
PELTON PowerPoint: ABA Cyberspace Institute 2011-01-28erikpelton
"Trademark Strategies for 2012" Presentation to the American Bar Association's Cyberspace Institute in Austin Texas on January 28, 2011. The presentation explores recent changes to the practice of trademark law, and what the future might hold for trademark owners and attorneys who advise them.
BITCOIN IS MONEY, RULES NEW YORK FEDERAL JUDGESteven Rhyner
To be {money|cash}, {or not|or otherwise} to be {money|cash}? That is the {question|concern|inquiry} when it {comes to|concerns|pertains to|involves} Bitcoin. {Many people|Lots of people|Many individuals} {around the world|worldwide|around the globe|all over the world} have {a very|an extremely|a really} {vague|unclear|obscure} understanding of {what|exactly what|just what} {money|cash} {actually|really|in fact} is, {and|as well as|and also} this {can|could} {certainly|definitely|absolutely} {extend to|encompass|reach|include} the {judges|courts} at {federal|government} {levels|degrees}, {who|that} are {now|currently} {having to|needing to} {wrestle with|duke it out} this {definition|meaning|interpretation}
The document discusses the differences between mediation confidentiality and privilege. While most states have strong mediation privilege laws, federal courts take differing approaches. Some federal district courts recognize a mediation privilege based on local rules, while circuit courts have declined to adopt a uniform federal privilege. This can lead to situations where materials protected by state privilege laws may be disclosed in federal court or vice versa. The lack of uniformity creates uncertainty around mediation confidentiality when cases involve both state and federal issues or proceedings.
The document discusses several legal issues related to e-commerce including jurisdiction, encryption, privacy, copyright, trademarks, and more. It provides definitions and examples for each topic. For jurisdiction, it summarizes the CompuServe vs. Patterson case where a software developer sued CompuServe for trademark infringement and the court found it did have jurisdiction. For copyright, it outlines the A&M Records vs. Napster case where Napster was found to have contributed to copyright infringement by allowing users to share music files. It also summarizes other cases related to linking/framing, libel, and trademarks. The document concludes with descriptions of encryption regulation and privacy rights issues.
This document discusses various legal and ethical issues related to using social media as a lawyer. It addresses topics such as attorney-client relationships, client confidentiality, trial publicity, fee splitting, cloud storage of client files, ex parte communications, and relationships with judges and jurors on social media. The document also covers privacy laws, liability for user-generated content, cybersecurity, laws regarding minors and social media, and ethical guidelines for attorneys' use of social media.
The document summarizes several topics in trademark and copyright law from a legal conference, including:
1) Updates to federal and state trademark registration processes and hot topics in trademark litigation.
2) Recent copyright cases on issues like orphan works, public display of copyrighted broadcasts, and performance royalties for artists.
3) A summary of the Perfect 10 v. Google case regarding search engines and copyright infringement.
Benjamin Wright, Texas attorney and Senior Instructor at the SANS Institute, shares tips for gathering social media evidence in an investigation. Check out the webinar recording: http://i-sight.com/gathering-social-media-evidence/
This document discusses various legal issues related to the use of social data, including copyright, right of publicity, trademarks, defamation, content regulation, marketing, workplace issues, and due diligence. It notes that many businesses and individuals lack an understanding of the applicable legal requirements and risks, such as content removal, penalties, and lost opportunities. It provides an overview of key areas of law and encourages learning the "rules of the road" to avoid these risks when creating, commercializing, and enforcing rights related to content and speech online or in other digital contexts.
The document summarizes debates around the role of antitrust law in standard setting organizations (SSOs) between the Department of Justice (DOJ) and Federal Trade Commission (FTC). It discusses differences in how the two agencies apply Section 2 of the Sherman Act versus Section 5 of the FTC Act to cases involving patents and standards. It also analyzes recent FTC cases against Rambus and N-Data regarding disclosure of patents during SSO processes.
Presentation at the 2013 CSUN Disability and Technology Conference about laws, regulations, court cases and legal settlements about digital accessibility for people with disabilities. Presentation by Lainey Feingold (@LFLegal) and Linda Dardarian (gbdhlegal.com)
Copyright trolls have emerged as opportunistic entities that aggressively pursue copyright infringement lawsuits against individuals, not to protect creative works, but rather to profit through coercing settlements. The article discusses the rise of copyright trolls and their abusive tactics, such as targeting large numbers of "John Doe" defendants and exploiting high statutory damages to pressure settlements. While a victory against a troll lawsuit in Oregon reduced the financial viability of the troll business model, the problem persists nationwide due to imbalances in copyright law promoted by entertainment industry lobbying.
Celsius problems with the CFTC seem to be that the CFTC believes they broke rules relating to commodity trading. The CFTC will need to vote before a decision to take Celsius to court is final.
https://youtu.be/31JfO_4gWhE
A discussion of some of the most common legal issues that arise in the "social" web environment. Given at Social Media Club Detroit's February meeting.
This document summarizes topics related to valuation, damages, and expert witnesses in intellectual property and intangible asset disputes. It discusses various types of damages awards, standards for expert witnesses, methods for valuing intangible assets and establishing royalty rates, and case studies related to patent, trademark, copyright, and right of publicity litigation. A case study at the end values stock distribution, dividend income, payments, and retirement benefits for a company conglomerate at over $325 million using an income approach and discounted cash flows. The document concludes by discussing future trends in intellectual property.
Deferred indefeasibility and mortgage prioritiesRichard Saad
The document summarizes a presentation given by Simon about a recent court case, CIBC Mortgages Inc. v. Computershare Trust Company, that impacted mortgage priorities. The case involved a fraudulent discharge of a first mortgage by a borrower ("the Fraudster") that allowed them to take out new mortgages. The court ruled that the second mortgagee, CIBC, should have investigated the circumstances of the fraudulent discharge and therefore their mortgage was demoted to second priority, restoring the original first mortgage. This sets a precedent that lenders may not fully rely on land title records and raises questions about the level of diligence now required when granting mortgages.
In our second session, we shall learn all about the main features and fundamentals of UiPath Studio that enable us to use the building blocks for any automation project.
📕 Detailed agenda:
Variables and Datatypes
Workflow Layouts
Arguments
Control Flows and Loops
Conditional Statements
💻 Extra training through UiPath Academy:
Variables, Constants, and Arguments in Studio
Control Flow in Studio
What is an RPA CoE? Session 1 – CoE VisionDianaGray10
In the first session, we will review the organization's vision and how this has an impact on the COE Structure.
Topics covered:
• The role of a steering committee
• How do the organization’s priorities determine CoE Structure?
Speaker:
Chris Bolin, Senior Intelligent Automation Architect Anika Systems
Must Know Postgres Extension for DBA and Developer during MigrationMydbops
Mydbops Opensource Database Meetup 16
Topic: Must-Know PostgreSQL Extensions for Developers and DBAs During Migration
Speaker: Deepak Mahto, Founder of DataCloudGaze Consulting
Date & Time: 8th June | 10 AM - 1 PM IST
Venue: Bangalore International Centre, Bangalore
Abstract: Discover how PostgreSQL extensions can be your secret weapon! This talk explores how key extensions enhance database capabilities and streamline the migration process for users moving from other relational databases like Oracle.
Key Takeaways:
* Learn about crucial extensions like oracle_fdw, pgtt, and pg_audit that ease migration complexities.
* Gain valuable strategies for implementing these extensions in PostgreSQL to achieve license freedom.
* Discover how these key extensions can empower both developers and DBAs during the migration process.
* Don't miss this chance to gain practical knowledge from an industry expert and stay updated on the latest open-source database trends.
Mydbops Managed Services specializes in taking the pain out of database management while optimizing performance. Since 2015, we have been providing top-notch support and assistance for the top three open-source databases: MySQL, MongoDB, and PostgreSQL.
Our team offers a wide range of services, including assistance, support, consulting, 24/7 operations, and expertise in all relevant technologies. We help organizations improve their database's performance, scalability, efficiency, and availability.
Contact us: info@mydbops.com
Visit: https://www.mydbops.com/
Follow us on LinkedIn: https://in.linkedin.com/company/mydbops
For more details and updates, please follow up the below links.
Meetup Page : https://www.meetup.com/mydbops-databa...
Twitter: https://twitter.com/mydbopsofficial
Blogs: https://www.mydbops.com/blog/
Facebook(Meta): https://www.facebook.com/mydbops/
High performance Serverless Java on AWS- GoTo Amsterdam 2024Vadym Kazulkin
Java is for many years one of the most popular programming languages, but it used to have hard times in the Serverless community. Java is known for its high cold start times and high memory footprint, comparing to other programming languages like Node.js and Python. In this talk I'll look at the general best practices and techniques we can use to decrease memory consumption, cold start times for Java Serverless development on AWS including GraalVM (Native Image) and AWS own offering SnapStart based on Firecracker microVM snapshot and restore and CRaC (Coordinated Restore at Checkpoint) runtime hooks. I'll also provide a lot of benchmarking on Lambda functions trying out various deployment package sizes, Lambda memory settings, Java compilation options and HTTP (a)synchronous clients and measure their impact on cold and warm start times.
Discover top-tier mobile app development services, offering innovative solutions for iOS and Android. Enhance your business with custom, user-friendly mobile applications.
"Scaling RAG Applications to serve millions of users", Kevin GoedeckeFwdays
How we managed to grow and scale a RAG application from zero to thousands of users in 7 months. Lessons from technical challenges around managing high load for LLMs, RAGs and Vector databases.
[OReilly Superstream] Occupy the Space: A grassroots guide to engineering (an...Jason Yip
The typical problem in product engineering is not bad strategy, so much as “no strategy”. This leads to confusion, lack of motivation, and incoherent action. The next time you look for a strategy and find an empty space, instead of waiting for it to be filled, I will show you how to fill it in yourself. If you’re wrong, it forces a correction. If you’re right, it helps create focus. I’ll share how I’ve approached this in the past, both what works and lessons for what didn’t work so well.
Northern Engraving | Nameplate Manufacturing Process - 2024Northern Engraving
Manufacturing custom quality metal nameplates and badges involves several standard operations. Processes include sheet prep, lithography, screening, coating, punch press and inspection. All decoration is completed in the flat sheet with adhesive and tooling operations following. The possibilities for creating unique durable nameplates are endless. How will you create your brand identity? We can help!
Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-EfficiencyScyllaDB
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
QA or the Highway - Component Testing: Bridging the gap between frontend appl...zjhamm304
These are the slides for the presentation, "Component Testing: Bridging the gap between frontend applications" that was presented at QA or the Highway 2024 in Columbus, OH by Zachary Hamm.
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
"Choosing proper type of scaling", Olena SyrotaFwdays
Imagine an IoT processing system that is already quite mature and production-ready and for which client coverage is growing and scaling and performance aspects are life and death questions. The system has Redis, MongoDB, and stream processing based on ksqldb. In this talk, firstly, we will analyze scaling approaches and then select the proper ones for our system.
Connector Corner: Seamlessly power UiPath Apps, GenAI with prebuilt connectorsDianaGray10
Join us to learn how UiPath Apps can directly and easily interact with prebuilt connectors via Integration Service--including Salesforce, ServiceNow, Open GenAI, and more.
The best part is you can achieve this without building a custom workflow! Say goodbye to the hassle of using separate automations to call APIs. By seamlessly integrating within App Studio, you can now easily streamline your workflow, while gaining direct access to our Connector Catalog of popular applications.
We’ll discuss and demo the benefits of UiPath Apps and connectors including:
Creating a compelling user experience for any software, without the limitations of APIs.
Accelerating the app creation process, saving time and effort
Enjoying high-performance CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, for
seamless data management.
Speakers:
Russell Alfeche, Technology Leader, RPA at qBotic and UiPath MVP
Charlie Greenberg, host
LF Energy Webinar: Carbon Data Specifications: Mechanisms to Improve Data Acc...DanBrown980551
This LF Energy webinar took place June 20, 2024. It featured:
-Alex Thornton, LF Energy
-Hallie Cramer, Google
-Daniel Roesler, UtilityAPI
-Henry Richardson, WattTime
In response to the urgency and scale required to effectively address climate change, open source solutions offer significant potential for driving innovation and progress. Currently, there is a growing demand for standardization and interoperability in energy data and modeling. Open source standards and specifications within the energy sector can also alleviate challenges associated with data fragmentation, transparency, and accessibility. At the same time, it is crucial to consider privacy and security concerns throughout the development of open source platforms.
This webinar will delve into the motivations behind establishing LF Energy’s Carbon Data Specification Consortium. It will provide an overview of the draft specifications and the ongoing progress made by the respective working groups.
Three primary specifications will be discussed:
-Discovery and client registration, emphasizing transparent processes and secure and private access
-Customer data, centering around customer tariffs, bills, energy usage, and full consumption disclosure
-Power systems data, focusing on grid data, inclusive of transmission and distribution networks, generation, intergrid power flows, and market settlement data
2. Presenters: Justin Kwong (Moderator) Adjunct professor, William Mitchell College of Law Reference Attorney, ThomsonReuters Mike Fleming Senior Corporate Counsel, Cray Inc. Christina Kunz Professor of Law, William Mitchell College of Law
3. Video games have been around for more than 30 years, becoming increasingly sophisticated as technology advanced.
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28. Major Issues: Contracts are primary means of virtual world regulation in U.S. Two forms: Provider/Player Unilateral Player/Player Bilateral Contracts& Agreements
29. Provider / Player Contracts: End-User License Agreements (EULA) Govern real-world issues Choice of law, Arbitration Access rights Payment terms Terms of Service / Terms of Use (TOS) Govern in-game behavior Limit offensive speech Improper conduct
30. Standard Form / Adhesion Contracts Take it or leave it Unconscionable provisions Binding arbitration Waiver of certain claims Change without notice Contracting with minors Age/Identity verification Privacy / COPPA Voidability ContractEnforceability Issues
31. Litigation Bragg v. Linden Labs (E.D. Pa. 2007) Player sued Second Life creators after they closed his account for violating the world’s terms of service Major Questions: Enforceability of Terms of Service Agreement Whether players had property interest in their virtual “real estate” and currency accounts
32. Bragg v. Linden Court’s Memorandum and Order found TOS arbitration clause unconscionable: Procedurally - buried clause in a subheading titled “General Provisions” Substantively - terms were “severely one-sided...” Mutuality - Linden had range of options, players could only bring disputes in arbitration (see Comb v. PayPal, 218 F.Supp.2d 1165, at 1173-74) Costs - Arbitration fee sharing was still more costly than bringing the same complaint in court (see Ting v. AT&T, 319 F.3d 1126, at 1151) Venue - location in San Francisco, CA unreasonable for Internet-based transactions involving small sums of money Confidentiality - prevented future plaintiffs from access to precedent, but would strengthen company’s future position
33. Lessons learned – Revised Second Life TOS provisions are more player-friendly Arbitration does not require physical appearance Judgment of arbitrator may be entered by a court to allow others to use precedent Currency in account already converted to US$ will be forwarded to player if account closed But no right to Linden$ not converted to US$
34. Party identity verification problems Anonymity facilitates fraud IP and other account information available upon subpoena Procedural Dilemmas Jurisdiction & Venue multiple parties in many locations make forum selection clauses important Service of Process 3rd Party Beneficiary Requiring enforcement of TOS or EULA between other players and game company Used against illegal currency traders Hernandez v. IGE class action Player-to-Player Agreements
35. Major Issues: Virtual Property Similar characteristics Governed by contract “Real Estate” Islands, buildings Operate similar to some forms of real property Fee simple subject to condition subsequent Subscription fee = tax? Property and Ownership
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37. Virtual Items Digital representations of objects Can be won, made, traded, or purchased Some worlds allow players to sell items to other players Paid for with real money Represent major growth area online One study predicts 110% increase in sales over next three years (Viximo) Major drivers of virtual world commerce
38. Virtual Currency Many worlds feature an in-game currency Allows players to buy things from the game company or other players Usually earned by doing tasks Some sell currency for real money Real Money Trading (RMT) Some even let players cash it out for real money Second Life is a prominent example in US Farmville FarmCash online currency, Bought with real money or earned as promotion for buying real-world produce E.g. sack of potatoes at Super Target Many worlds in Korea permit RMT The Korean high court recently struck down criminal penalties for RMT, thus legalized But only if permitted by the game
39. Accounts / Avatars Avatar - Representation of players in-world Can be 3-D, 2-D (image or symbol) Range of customization options Collections of items, currency assets, land, or buildings Associated with a particular person Person can have multiple accounts Experience points, goodwill, history and associations/friendships
40. Class Action Lawsuit Evans, Spencer & Carter v. Linden Research Alleges Second Life: Knowingly offered to sell class members virtual land and the ability to acquire ownership rights in virtual property and then changed the terms, Took the plaintiffs' property when they were expelled and Didn’t honor the owners' rights in their property. Case Status Complaint filed, April 15, 2010 Response by Linden, July 8, 2010 Amended Complaint, August 2, 2010 Pretrial set for Sept. 9, 2010 Documents available at: VirtualLandDispute.com
42. Intentional Torts Personal Tort Theories Intentional Infliction of Emotional Distress Unlikely to meet outrageousness requirement Depends on community norms Ability to log off Harassment/Stalking Offensive speech or behavior Defamation False and damaging statements portrayed as fact Libel or Slander? Conversion Stealing virtual items Depends on whether property right to account or other items exists Business Tort Theories Interference with business relationship
43. Criminal Acts Cyberbullying Many children and teens in VWs Covers a range of activities: Crude language to teasing Vague implications to threats of violence Being defined in state legislatures Awaiting court evaluation Not limited to virtual worlds… MySpace, Facebook, etc. http://www.stopcyberbullying.org/
44. Criminal Acts Money Laundering Using virtual currency transactions to hide illegal activity Many worlds with RMT have anti-money laundering software, Also watched closely by law enforcement
46. Criminal Acts Theft / Robbery Netherlands Court found youths guilty of robbery when they demanded account access upon threats of violence China Beijing Arctic Ice - account was stolen, value based on labor expended by player South Korea Items Minnesota Not a crime, yet… Report of stolen items to police not actionable according to Star Tribune story
47. Intellectual Property Copyright – Rights of creations in Second Life retained by creators, preserves right to sue others CDA & DMCA safe harbors Trademarks – Definition of commerce Infringement of branded goods Dilution theory
48. Taxation No tax in US for virtual world transactions, Even when withdrawing Second Life profits to PayPal account Could be used to evade taxes if paid Residents of UK are charged a VAT for certain transactions in Second Life House Joint Committee looked into possibility of taxing virtual worlds in 2006-2007 Press Release – should leave them alone for now
49. Questions? Stay up to date on what’s happening in virtual world law by visiting my blog: http://virtualnavigator.wordpress.com
Editor's Notes
Games gradually became more sophisticated, incorporating features like 3-D graphics, but they were tied to consoles, unable to interact with other players beyond your den.
In 1980, programs like MUD1 revolutionized gaming by allowing players to utilize a new technology called the ARPANET (the precursor to the Internet that allowed multiple simultaneous connections) to interact with other players across the country in real time. At first, the worlds were limited to textual descriptions of the environment because of the low bandwidth and computer processing power available. Many of these were derivatives of or expansions upon earlier text-based games like Zork.
But they advanced quickly, first with ASCII text representations of two-dimensional space.
Followed by later by a fully three-dimensional, interactive world, in the form of Ultima Online, released by Mythic Entertainment in 1997.
Other worlds followed soon after, like the very popular EverQuest, released by Sony Online Entertainment in 1999 and The Sims Online, which came out in 2002.
World of Warcraft debuted in late 2004, is now one of the most popular and well-known virtual worlds, with more than 11.5 million monthly subscriptions in December 2008
Second Life by Linden Research in 2003
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75 million registered users, $60million in virtual goods transaction revenue
CLK has thirty years of expertise in contract and commercial law. She literally wrote the book on “click-wrap” agreements and she started the virtual law seminar at William Mitchell that I teach now.MFF has years of private practice experience working with clients, drafting licensing agreements and other contracts
Let’s start things out with the most common contracts encountered in virtual worlds: the ones to which everyone must agree, the EULA and TOS.Mike, start us out, you know a lot about these, what is the general difference between a EULA and a TOS? (I usually think the EULA is full of mostly procedural matters like jurisdiction and arbitration while TOS is more in-game issues,
Ok, first thing, Chiris, I realized there’s a mistake on this slide. The EULAs and TOSs aren’t really unilateral contracts, but standard form contracts. Can you take a second and explain the difference?Also, since the SFCs are adhesion contracts, I’ll put this out there for either of you, what are factors that make an adhesive contract?
For a while, Bragg was THE signature Virtual World case. Ruled on the enforceability of binding arbitration clause to SL TOS.Chris, when we started teaching the OGS, did you get a sense that there was more to it than this?
Mike: Do some of these concepts come up when you’re putting together contracts? Is there a difference in arbitration clauses when parties actively negotiate their contracts?
One thing about Bragg is that it was a diversity case tried in PA, applying CA law.Chris or Mike: Do either of you expect that we’ll see a lot of contracts selecting CA law? Do you think there are any competitor states for these sorts of agreements?
Mike: you pointed out a question about whether contracts between two avatars would be considered valid. Can you talk about that more? Why wouldn’t they be valid?
This was the thing that got most people really excited about VWs a few years back. Some thought we were looking at a new form of property, others weren’t so sure. Professor Mark Edwards, a property professor at WMCL, pointed out that the virtual land in SL acted an awful lot like a FSSCS….
Here’s the fee schedule for SL properties. It looks an awful lot like a property tax schedule.We had numerous discussions during the seminar about what limits contracts can impose on property rights, if they can prevent property rights from forming in the first place. We sort of expected the issue to come before a court before now, but not yet.
Chris: you’re the resident UCC expert, what do you think about where virtual goods fall in terms of their legal status? They don’t fit the typical definition of goods for Article 2…
Some people thought that simply by having a world where people could buy and sell stuff for real money made everything more real. Linden allows players to buy and sell their currency, but they don’t let them keep it if they are ejected from the game for some violation.Mike: if people are willing to spend real money to access certain features of what others would consider a game, does that change its game-like nature?
People often think of their accounts as their property, especially if they add value to it, which fits perfectly with the Lockean view of property. We’ve seen, however, that idealistic theories are no match for a good contract…
Chris – thoughts on whether you think a contract allowed future modifications, and required consent to new terms before accessing world would sufficiently protect a game company’s interests?
Mike – This is a perfect place to talk about the magic circle idea, also related to sports like boxing or footballChris – what remedies are there for interference with a contract?
Two famous cases didn’t involve virtual worlds, Lori Drew used MySpace and the Phoebe Prince affair took place on Facebook, among other places
Chris – You saw a lot of this sequence as it was happening, can you tell us more about what went on here?
Other countries have taken a more pro-active stance on “virtual” crimes, especially when it comes to theft. The Dutch court ordered the robbers to repay the victim based on the current market value of the items in the victim’s account, even though the game didn’t technically permit their sale.In the US, however, there may be punishment for some cybercrimes, but without a property right, most police can’t get involved, even if they wanted to.
Mike: this is more in your purview, and TM infringement was a major concern for a while, but how could it be infringement if the “product” bearing the mark isn’t really a product at all? If it’s used in a VW, is it still commerce that the Lanham Act can reach?
We also expected to see more involvement by the IRS by now, but it seems as though the advisory panel’s advice to leave them alone for now has been the most energy congress wants to spend on this. A similar public policy has kept Congress from enacting a tax on Internet sales, it basically acts as a subsidy.