8. REVIEW
1.Who is known as the “Poet of the
Piano” in the Romantic Period?
a.F. Chopin c. R. Schumann
b.L.V. Beethoven d. N. Paganini
9.
10. 2. How will you describe the music of the
Romantic period?
a. highly ornamented
b. simple and elegant
c. passionate and expressive
d. plain and sometimes imitative
11. 3. The composer who reflected the characteristics of
Classical and Romantic music in his compositions for he
was able to live in the middle of both era?
a. W. A. Mozart c. F. Chopin
b. J. S. Bach d. L. V. Beethoven
12.
13. 4. A piano composition often of a
romantic character which is associated
with the night.
a. Nocturne c. Scherzo
b. Ballade d. Impromptu
14. 5. He is known as the greatest piano virtuoso of the
Romantic era who made significant contributions in
piano pedagogy and piano recitals?
a. R. Schumann c. L.V. Beethoven
b. F. Liszt d. N. Paganini
21. •Impressionism was an attempt not to depict
reality, but merely to suggest it.
•was meant to create an emotional mood rather
than a specific picture.
22. •In terms of imagery, impressionistic
forms were translucent and hazy, as if
trying to see through a rain-drenched
window.
31. •Primary exponent of the
impressionist movement
and the focal point for
other impressionist
composers.
32. •Changed the course of musical development by
dissolving traditional rules and conventions into
a new language of possibilities in harmony,
rhythm, form, texture, and color.
36. •demands considerable technical
virtuosity from the performer which
is the character, ability, or skill of a
virtuoso – a person who excels in
musical technique or execution.
38. •His refined delicacy and color,
contrasts and effects add to
the difficulty in the proper
execution of the musical
passages.
39. •Work is programmatic in nature,
visual imagery is either suggested or
portrayed.
•Works deal with water in it flowing or
stormy moods as well as with human
characterizations.
40. Sample works
• - Maurice Ravel BOLERO - Wiener Philharmonic.mp4
• Ravel - Rapsodie espagnole - Barenboim.mp4
• Martha Argerich,Ravel Jeux d'eau.mp4
42. Compositional style
•dissonant to atonal, as he explored
the use of chromatic harmonies
•Although full melodic and lyrical
interest, his music is also extremely
complex, creating heavy demands on
the listener.
45. Atonality
•Music that is not in any key.
•Applies when there is no tonal
centre and all 12 notes of the
chromatic scale are of equal
importance, each of which
functions independently.
48. • The Difference Between Tonal & Atonal Music _ Piano
& Music Tips.mp4
• Bernstein on Schoenberg.mp4
• Bernstein on Schoenberg Part II.mp4
• Glenn Gould-Schoenberg-Pierrot Lunaire opus 21
(HD).mp4
• Arnold Schoenberg - Transfigured Night for String
Sextet, Op. 4.mp4
49. OTHER MUSICAL STYLES
•PRIMITIVISM
- Music is tonal through the asserting of
one note as more important than the
others. New sounds are synthesized from
old ones by juxtaposing two simple events
to create a more complex new event.
50. Primitivism has links to Exoticism
through the use of materials from
other cultures. Nationalism through
the use of materials indigenous to
specific countries, and Ethnicism
through the use of materials from
European ethnic groups.
51. • Eventually evolved in Neo-classicism -Neoclassicism
in music was a twentieth-century trend, particularly
current in the period between the two World Wars, in
which composers sought to return to aesthetic
precepts associated with the broadly defined concept
of "classicism", namely order, balance, clarity,
economy, and emotional restraint
53. Compositional Style
•Music reflected the influence of his
teacher, the Russian composer Nikolai
Rimsky-Korsakov
•asymmetrical rhythm.
•nationalistic musical style
55. • Stravinsky_ Le sacre du printemps _ The Rite of Spring
- Jaap van Zweden - Full HD.mp4
• Pétrouchka (1947); First Part - Danse Russe by Igor
Stravinsky __ Animation by Victor Craven.mp4
• Stravinsky Petrushka - Yuja Wang.mp4
56. • Stravinsky_ The Firebird _ Gergiev · Vienna
Philarmonic · Salzburg Festival 2000.mp4
61. NEO-CLASSICISM
•a twentieth-century trend, particularly
current in the period between the two
World Wars, in which composers sought
to return to aesthetic precepts associated
with the broadly defined concept of
"classicism", namely order, balance,
clarity, economy, and emotional restraint
62. •Moderating factor between the
emotional excesses of the
Romantic period and the
violent impulses of the soul in
expressionism.
63. •A partial return to earlier style of
writing, particularly the tightly-
knit form of the Classical period,
while combining tonal harmonies
with slight dissonances.
65. COMPOSITIONAL STYLE
•regarded today as a combination of neo-
classicist, nationalist and avant-garde
•progressive technique, pulsating rhythms,
melodic directness, resolving dissonance
66. • Yuja Wang - Prokofiev_ Piano Concerto No. 3 in C major, Op. 26
(Claudio Abbado, LUCERNE FESTIVAL).mp4
• Yuja Wang plays Prokofiev _ Piano Concerto No. 2 in G minor, Opus
16.mp4
68. •A member of young French
composers known as “Les
Six”.
69. COMPOSITIONAL STYLE
•rejected the heavy romanticism of
Wagner and the so-called imprecision
of Debussy and Ravel
•coolly elegant modernity, tempered
by a classical sense of proportion
70. OTHER MEMBERS OF
“LES SIX”
•George Auric (1899-1983)
•Louis Durey (1888-1979)
•Arthur Honegger (1882-1955)
•Darius Milhaud (1892-1974)
•Germaine Tailleferre (1892-1983)
71. • Poulenc - Mouvements Perpetuels No 1 - Zakarij
Laux.mp4
• Gloria (Francis Poulenc).mp4
• Francis Poulenc - Suite Pour Piano.mp4
78. •The unconventional method of sound
and form, as well as the absence of
traditional rules governing harmony,
melody and rhythm, make the whole
concept of avant-garde music still
strange to ears accustomed to
traditional compositions.
79. Composers who used this style:
•Oliver Messian
•John Cage
•Philip Glass
•Leonard Bernstein
•George Gershwin
•Pierre Boulez
81. •incorporated jazz rhythms with
classical forms
•His “mixture of the primitive and the
sophisticated” gave his music an
appeal that has lasted long after his
death.
Musical style
82. •His melodic gift was
considered phenomenal, as
evidenced by his numerous
songs of wide appeal.
83. •A true “cross-over artist” in the
sense that his compositions
remain highly popular in the
classical repertoire, as his stage
and film songs continue to be jazz
and vocal standards.
85. • MUSIC 10 videosGeorge Gershwin - The Man I Love.mp4
• Norah Jones - Summertime.mp4
• Porgy & Bess _Summertime_.mp4
• Someone to Watch Over Me - Julie Andrews.mp4
• G. Gershwin - Rhapsody in Blue, FORTISSIMO FEST 2010.mp4
87. •endeared himself to his
many followers as a
charismatic conductor,
pianist, composer and
lecturer
88. •His philosophy was that the universal
language of music is basically rooted
in tonality. This came under fire from
the radical young musicians who
espoused the serialist principles of
that time.
89. •Achieved pre-eminence in two
fields: conducting and
composing for Broadway
musicals, dance shows and
concert music.
90. •Best known for his
compositions for the stage:
West Side Story (1957)
Romeo and Juliet
(American version)
91. • West Side Story-Tonight (Ensemble).mp4
• West Side Story-Tonight.mp4
• West Side Story-Somewhere.mp4
• Glee - America.mp4
93. •one of the most commercially
successful minimalist composer
•explored the territories of ballet,
opera, theatre, film, and even
television jingles
94. Musical style
•distinctive style involves cell-like phrases
emanating from bright electronic sounds from
the keyboard that progressed very slowly from
one pattern to the next in a very repetitious
fashion.
95. •Aided by soothing vocal effects
and horn sounds, his music is
often criticized as uneventful and
shallow, yet startlingly effective
for its hypnotic charm.
96. • Knee Play 5 (live) - Philip Glass, _Einstein on the Beach_.mp4
• Philip Glass _Music in Fifths_ by Nicolas Horvath.mp4
97. MODERN NATIONALISM
•A looser form of 20th century
music development focused on
nationalist composers and musical
innovators who sought to
combine modern technique with
folk materials.
101. - created a mood rather than a
definite picture
- had a translucent and hazy
texture; lacking a dominant-
tonic relationship
102. - made use of overlapping
chords, with 4ths, 5ths, octaves,
and 9th intervals, resulting in a
non-traditional harmonic order
and resolution
103. •EXPRESSIONISM
-revealed the composer’s mind,
instead or presenting an impression
of the environment
-used atonality and the 12-tone scale,
lacking stable and conventional
harmonies
104. •It served as a medium for
expressing strong
emotions, such as anxiety,
rage and alienation.
105. •NEO-CLASSICISM
- partial return to a classical form
or writing music with carefully
modulated dissonances. It made
use of a freer seven-note diatonic
scale.
107. •Made use of variations of self-
contained note groups to change
musical continuity, and
improvisation, with an absence of
traditional rules on harmony,
melody, and rhythm.
108. •MODERN NATIONALISM
- A looser form of 20th century music
development focused on nationalist
composers and musical innovators
who sought to combine modern
techniques with folk materials.
113. 20th Century Musical Styles
•Electronic Music - music being
produced electronically and
recorded on tape. It may refer
to synthesized sounds or
everyday sounds.
117. Musical style
•emphasized on timbre and rhythm
•Invented the term “organized sound”,
which means that certain timbres and
rhythm can be grouped together in
order to capture a whole definition of
sound.
118. •Use of instruments and electronic
resources made him the “Father
of Electronic Music” and he was
described as the “Stratospheric
Colossus of Sound.”
123. CHANCE MUSIC
•refers to a style wherein the piece
always sounds different at every
performance because of the random
techniques of production, including
the use of ring modulators or natural
elements that become part of the
music.
124. •Most of the sounds emanate from
the surroundings, both natural and
man-made, such as honking cars,
rustling leaves, blowing wind,
dripping water, or a ringing phone.
125. •As such, the combination of
external sounds cannot be
duplicated as each happens
by chance.
127. •became one of the most original
composers in the history of western
music
•He challenged the very idea of music
by manipulating musical instruments
in order to achieve new sounds.
128. • John Cage - 4'33_.mp4
• John Cage - Sonatas and Interludes for prepared
piano [1_5].mp4
• John Cage's Prepared Piano w_ Stephen Drury.mp4
• John Cage playing amplified cacti and plant materials
with a feather.mp4
• Tim Ovens plays John Cage · Sonata X for Prepared
Piano.mp4
129. SUMMARY
•New musical styles created by the
20th century classical composers were
truly unique and innovative.
•Experimented with the elements of
rhythm, melody, harmony, tempo and
timbre in daring way never attempted
before
130. •Among the resulting new musical styles
were electronic music and chance music.
These expanded the concept of music far
beyond the conventions of earlier
periods, and challenged both the new
composers and the listening public.