This presentation examines nursing interventions to decrease rates of post-partum depression (PPD). Nurses can assess for risk factors and symptoms of PPD in mothers during their hospital stay after birth rather than waiting until the 6-week post-partum appointment. The goal is for nurses to provide early interventions for at-risk mothers to help prevent PPD. More research is still needed to determine if these nursing interventions started during hospitalization can successfully decrease PPD rates.
A diagnosis of cancer represents a significant crisis for the child and their family. As the treatment for childhood cancer has improved dramatically over the past three decades, most children diagnosed with cancer today survive this illness. However, it is still an illness which severely disrupts the lifestyle and typical functioning of the family unit. Most treatments for cancer involve lengthy hospital stays, the endurance of painful procedures and harsh side affects. Many cancer patients experience a similar perfect storm of physical and emotional stress during treatment. This anxiety and worry can cause cracks in patients’ psychological and emotional foundation, leaving them even more vulnerable. To reduce Stress among children with cancer researcher conducted Art therapy sessions.
A diagnosis of cancer represents a significant crisis for the child and their family. As the treatment for childhood cancer has improved dramatically over the past three decades, most children diagnosed with cancer today survive this illness. However, it is still an illness which severely disrupts the lifestyle and typical functioning of the family unit. Most treatments for cancer involve lengthy hospital stays, the endurance of painful procedures and harsh side affects. Many cancer patients experience a similar perfect storm of physical and emotional stress during treatment. This anxiety and worry can cause cracks in patients’ psychological and emotional foundation, leaving them even more vulnerable. To reduce Stress among children with cancer researcher conducted Art therapy sessions.
Perceived Stress, Ways of Coping and Care Giving Burden among Family Caregive...iosrjce
Addressing perceived stress, ways of coping and care giving burden among family caregivers are
highly relevant in the current scenario in terms of prevention of mental illness and promotion of mental health of
people engaged in the care of their family member with schizophrenia. A community prevalence study
conducted by the IMHANS, Kerala estimated that 3.2 lakh people in the State suffer from schizophrenia (THE
HINDU, May 25, 2006).
1. Define and identify the purposes of a nursing diagnosis.
2. Know what NANDA means and where to find more information.
3. Differentiate between the types of nursing diagnosis and be able to provide an example of each.
4. Differentiate a nursing diagnosis from a medical diagnosis.
5. Identify the three segments of a diagnostic statement and give examples of a comprehensive diagnostic statement.
- What is the nursing diagnosis?
- What is NANDA?
- Types of nursing diagnosis and examples of each.
- Criteria of nursing diagnosis.
- What is the difference(s) between a medical diagnosis and nursing diagnosis?
- Example: Pneumonia
- Possible nursing diagnosis:
o Altered gas exchange,
o Ineffective airway clearance,
o Activity intolerance,
o Risk for imbalanced nutrition,
o Risk for infection transmission,
o Discomfort.
- Refer to Maslow’s needs again
- Exercise
o Nursing diagnosis for Bronchitis
o Nursing diagnosis for Hypertension
Perceived Stress, Ways of Coping and Care Giving Burden among Family Caregive...iosrjce
Addressing perceived stress, ways of coping and care giving burden among family caregivers are
highly relevant in the current scenario in terms of prevention of mental illness and promotion of mental health of
people engaged in the care of their family member with schizophrenia. A community prevalence study
conducted by the IMHANS, Kerala estimated that 3.2 lakh people in the State suffer from schizophrenia (THE
HINDU, May 25, 2006).
1. Define and identify the purposes of a nursing diagnosis.
2. Know what NANDA means and where to find more information.
3. Differentiate between the types of nursing diagnosis and be able to provide an example of each.
4. Differentiate a nursing diagnosis from a medical diagnosis.
5. Identify the three segments of a diagnostic statement and give examples of a comprehensive diagnostic statement.
- What is the nursing diagnosis?
- What is NANDA?
- Types of nursing diagnosis and examples of each.
- Criteria of nursing diagnosis.
- What is the difference(s) between a medical diagnosis and nursing diagnosis?
- Example: Pneumonia
- Possible nursing diagnosis:
o Altered gas exchange,
o Ineffective airway clearance,
o Activity intolerance,
o Risk for imbalanced nutrition,
o Risk for infection transmission,
o Discomfort.
- Refer to Maslow’s needs again
- Exercise
o Nursing diagnosis for Bronchitis
o Nursing diagnosis for Hypertension
Maternal Child Nursing Care 6th Edition Perry Test BankEBIKA2
Maternal Child Nursing Care 6th Edition Perry Test Bank
TEST BANKS
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overview-The term Nursing Process was defined by 'Hall' in 1955.
Yura and Walsh in 1967 proposed four components for nursing process ie. assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
The American Nurses Association (ANA) proposed five components adding "Nursing Diagnosis" as the second component.
In 1982 the recommendations of NANDA (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association) was accepted widely..
Definition-Nursing process is a systematic and rational method of identifying health care needs, planning and providing nursing care.
It provides a logical frame work on which the nursing care is based.
Purposes-To identify a client’s health status & actual or potential health care problems or needs.
To establish plans to meet the identified needs.
To deliver specific nursing interventions to meet those needs.
Descriptions-The nursing process is a systematic method that directs the nurse and patient as together they accomplish the following:
Systematically collect patient data (assessing)
Clearly identify patient strengths, actual and potential problems (diagnosing)
Characteristics-Various words and phrases have been used to describe the nursing process.
Key descriptors include systematic, dynamic, interpersonal, outcome oriented, and universally applicable.
Problem solving & nursing process-One of the strengths of the nursing process is that it is based on a methodology that is familiar to most nursing students problem solving.
Problem-solving is a basic life skill; iden- tifying a problem and then taking steps to resolve it are a matter of common sense. However, different approaches to problem-solving yield different results, some of which are more successful than others.
Advantages-It is systematic and has an orderly sequence
Encourages nurses to work together to achieve a common goal
Helps to identify the patient's health care status and actual or potential health problems.
Helps to identify nursing priorities and help direct nursing interventions based on identified priorities
Provides continuity of care
Identifies the needs and helps to plan the specific interventions to provide quality care.
Advantages to nurses-Provides consistent and systematic nursing education
Provides a common language and forms a basis for communication and understanding between nursing professionals and the healthcare team
Job satisfaction to nurses
Legal safety
Improves professional growth
Dr. Ameri and class,After reflecting over the course of Advanced.docxmadlynplamondon
Dr. Ameri and class,
After reflecting over the course of Advanced Clinical Diagnosis and Practice Across the Lifespan, the student identified achievements of the course outcomes. This course had a few specific areas that the student reflected on that assisted her in preparing for the Master of Science program outcome #4, the Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) Essential IV, and the Nurse Practitioner Core Competency #7.
The professional outcome #4 is to “Integrate professional values through scholarship and service in health care.” This outcome was achieved by taking the week 4 APEA predictor exam. As the student studied for the exam, she identified several areas of improvement. By reviewing a wide knowledge base of concepts seen in the primary care setting the student was to identify her areas of strengths and weaknesses. The test was broken down into categories and assisted the student to find her professional identity. Another way the student found her professional identity was through clinicals. The preceptor pushed autonomy and let the student formulate the treatment plan while she would offer suggestions and advice. The student realized that in a few short months that she would be in practice with varying levels of guidance depending on job location. The student identified her professional identity in the clinic which will aide her in her next rotation and future practice.
The MSN Essential IV is “Translating and integrating scholarship into practice recognize that the master’s prepared nurse applies research outcomes within the practice setting, resolves practice problems, works as a change agent, and disseminates results.” Over the course, the student achieved the MSN Essential IV by discussion in week 6 mental health presentation and in the clinical setting. The student is accustomed to seeing a lot of mental health patients but sometimes has difficulty categorizing the present illness. The week 6 presentation allowed each student to formulate a patient scenario with a diagnosis provided by the instructor. The student saw how mental illness was related, but also how it differed form patient to patient. This assignment assisted the student in identifying patient’s chief complaints, differentiate from different ailments, educate and act as a change agent, and evaluate results over time. In the clinical setting, the student was able to educate teens about IUDs. The NP she followed at the FQHC would insert IUDs that lasted for 5 years for $20. Many teenage girls would come to the clinic and admit to being sexually active without the use of protection or teenagers that already had a few kids would come in asking for birth control options. The student felt as if she was able to minimize teenage pregnancy or unwanted pregnancies by providing patients with the appropriate knowledge and offer an affordable pregnancy prevention method.
The Nurse Practitioner Core Competency #7 is geared towards Health Delivery System Competen ...
3. Abstract
This presentation examines nursing interventions that labor-and-delivery and maternity
nurses perform to decrease Post-Partum Depression (PPD). It explores how nurses can
assess, educate, intervene and provide support to a mother early in the labor progress.
The need for change from the current practice was noted after an average 10-15% of
mothers are diagnosed with PPD. With the numbers so high, it is a must for early
intervention to occur while the mother is in the hospital and all resources are available.
The purpose of this research is for labor and delivery and maternity nurses to identify
risk factors and symptoms of PPD in all mothers during their hospital stay versus
awaiting mothers to present with PPD at their six week post-partum doctor appointment.
Furthermore, the Social Cognitive Theory framework is used to guide the PPD study as it
relates to behavioral patterns that can be used to understand PPD. In conclusion, it is
hoped that nurses are able to provide interventions at early stage to decrease the high
PPD rates.
4. About me
I decided to received my MSN in education ever
since I began nursing school three years ago. I
know that teaching is where I belong. I
currently work in labor and delivery and my
dream position is to stay in my department and
become the educator. My preceptor has been
the current educator on the labor and delivery
unit. I had a wonderful privilege to set up post-
partum hemorrhage in-service and
competencies. I was able to teach nurses and
nursing students. Furthermore, I was able to
assist my preceptor with a new hire intern
program in which power-points and lectures
were conduced. Overall, my experience I love puzzles, sudoku, home decor, hiking, traveling and space.
throughout the past weeks has been fantastic
and I’m looking forward to becoming an
educator soon.
5. Defining PPD
Depression that is suffered by a mother
after childbirth.
Typically mothers are presented to their
six week post-partum doctor visit with
symptoms of PPD.
6. Background
PPD depression was identified as the key problem because by many obstetricians
at Cedars Sinai Medical Center have brought up a concern.
More obstetricians are recognizing that mothers are experiencing PPD when
showing up to their six week post-partum visit
PPD can happen for multiple reasons
Bonding:
The emotional bond formed between mother and baby allows the promotion
of cognitive, socio-emotional, self-regulatory and moral development, and
promotes an optimal development in childhood and adolescence (Thompson
& Fox, 2010, p. 249).
For this to happen, maternal and infant needs must be met at an early post-
partum period
7. Problem and Purpose
The purpose of this research is for labor
and delivery and maternity nurses to
identify risk factors and symptoms of
PPD in all mothers during their hospital
stay versus awaiting mothers to present
with PPD at their six week post-partum
doctor appointment.
The focus of the problem refers to
mothers who are at risk for developing
post-partum depression.
8. Goals & Aims
1) Nurse should identify risk factors that can lead the mother away or towards the possibility of
experiencing PPD.
2) Nurse should identify symptoms the mother may possess that can lead towards PPD.
3) Nurse should provide nursing interventions to mothers who have been identified as a candidate for
PPD.
9. Clinical Importance/Significant
Results were inconclusive
It is unsure if nursing interventions for prevention of PPD started during mothers
hospital stay will decrease PPD rates
More research needs to performed
10. Literature Review
Various models have been proposed to explain PPD,
1) Article entitled “Post Partum Depression and Thyroid Function”
Is there a relationship between PPD and thyroid dysfunction?
results were not significant and in conclusion there was no correlation
2) Article entitled “Post-partum depression: a comprehensive approach to
evaluate and treatment”
What are some treatment interventions for PPD?
Mother-infant psychodynamic psychotherapy (PPT), Watch, Wait, Wonder
(WWW) and toddler-parent psychotherapy (TPP)
11. Literature Review Summary
Overall, articles didn’t possess any research if nursing interventions for
prevention of PPD should be started while the mother is in the hospital during
labor and post birth.
Does this mean that nurses should stop identifying risk factors and symptoms for
PPD?
13. Steps to Solve Problem
1) Questionnaire given to mothers as they are admitted to the hospital
2) The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale
3) Nurses must assist all mothers with bonding
4) If PPD is high and the mother expresses symptoms of baby blues or PPD, the
nurse must notify the doctor right away and make sure a social worker is ordered
14. Evaluation
Are obstetricians noticing a decrease in PPD when their patients show up for
their six-week post partum appointment?
Where all preventative interventions performed during mother’s stay in the
hospital?
15. Professional Role
An advanced nurse is an RN who has gone through “expanded clinical practice” by gaining a master degree
in certain areas. This can include nurse practitioner, nurse specialist, nurse anesthetists, nurse midwife, and
nurse educator.
This course has prepared me for the nursing role of an educator through the many skills that were taught.
Researching evidence-based practice
Setting up a course outline
Educating nursing students and staff nurses
16. References
Bandar, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The Exercise of control. New York: Freeman.
Cedars-Sinai. (2012). Advanced practice nursing. Retrieved from http://www.cedars-sinai.edu/Medical-
Professionals/Resources-for-Nurses/Advanced-Practice-Nursing/
MayoClinic. (2012). Postpartum depression. Retrieved from http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/ postpartum-
depression/DS00546/DSECTION=symptoms
Sears, William. (2012). Bonding with Your Newborn. Retrieved from http://
www.attachmentparenting.org/support/articles/artbonding.php
Thompson, K. S., & Fox, J. E. (2010). Post-partum depression: A comprehensive approach to evaluate and
treatment. Mental Health in Family Medicine, 7, 249-257.
17. Thanks, Future Plans
Thank you to the wonderful, knowledgable nursing mentors and educators at
Kaplan University.
Thank you to my preceptor, Pam, who has taken me under her wing.
In the future, I hope to teach with the skills that I have learned and be at least as
half good as my educators.
Editor's Notes
(Thompson & Fox, 2010)
Reasons for PPD: rape victim, previous depressive or psychotic disorders, or a traumatic event will make bonding more difficult or even non-existent. Bonding occurs between a mother and her newborn. Bonding is referred to a sensitive period of time that occurs right after birth has taken place because both mother and newborn are “naturally programmed to be in contact with each other and do good things to each other” (Sears, 2012).
1) This will be performed with a mandatory questionnaire administered to all mothers before delivery. By identify risk factors before birth, the preparation can occur early. Questions include history of depression or anxiety during pregnancy, socio-economic, stressful recent life events, poor social support, childcare stress, low self-esteem, maternal neuroticism and difficult infant temperament. Other risk factors include single marital status, poor relationship with partners, and lower socioeconomic status including income (Steward, & et al, 2008). 2) Symptoms that suggest PPD include loss of appetite, insomnia, intense irritability, overwhelming fatigue, lack of joy in life, severe mood swings, withdrawal from family and friend, and thoughts of harming oneself or the baby (MayoClinic, 2012). 3) This includes nursing education, encourage breastfeeding, encourage skin-to-skin with mother, and spend more time with the patient to make sure the mother is bonding with her infant.
1) A research group of forty eight mothers and a control group of sixty five mothers were entered into the study. An Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale was used to screen for PPD. 2) Both the WWW and TTP influence attachment between mother and infant. This causes an increase of positive involvement, communication, and bonding between mother and infant.
(Bandar, 1997)
1) Questions will include things such as financial assistance, spousal or family support, living situations 2) A total of ten questions with a score of 13 or above is a high predicament for PPD. (Cox, Holden, & Sagovsky, 1987). 3) This includes helping with breastfeeding and/or bottle-feeding (depending on mother preference). Education on how to change diapers, assist baby with position changes, what to do if baby is crying, and other resources that the mother requires.
Evaluation will be based on what physicians are observing when mothers come back for their post partum appointment. Since it is difficult to see if interventions during hospital stay prevented PPD, a certain time must pass before the mother expresses symptoms of PPD.