vaginaldischarge.ppt
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This document provides an overview of vaginal discharge, including what constitutes normal versus abnormal discharge. It discusses the objectives of classifying and evaluating vaginal discharge and covers the most common causes of discharge including infections like bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, trichomoniasis and cervical infections like gonorrhea and chlamydia. Treatment options are provided for each condition. The document emphasizes the importance of taking a detailed history, examining the discharge characteristics, and conducting tests like vaginal smears and cultures to properly identify the cause and manage abnormal vaginal discharge.
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11. Describe the axes of leads (hexagonal reference system)
12. Comprehend the vectorial analysis of the normal ECG
13. Determine the mean electrical axis of the ventricular QRS and appreciate the mean axis deviation
14. Explain the concepts of current of injury, J point, and their significance
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. Chapter 3, Cardiology Explained, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK2214/
7. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
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- 1. VAGINAL DISCHARGE DR Sathisha Nayak Dept. of O & G MMMC
- 2. IDENTIFY !!
- 3. VAGINAL DISCHRGE OBJECTIVES : 1.WHAT IS LEUCORRHOEA? 2.IS IT NORMAL? 3. NORMAL VS BNORMAL 4.CLASSIFICATION 5.COMMON CAUSES 6.CLINICAL FEATURES 7.EVALUATION 8.MANAGEMENT
- 4. LEUCORRHOEA • EXECESSIVE VAGINAL DISCHARGE NOT DUE TO INFECTION(EXECESSIVE CERVICAL MUCUS OR VAGINAL TRANSUDATION) ECTROPION, CERVICAL TEARS.
- 5. IS VAGINAL DISCHARGE NORMAL? • COULD BE PATHOLOGICAL • YES –SOME SITUATIONS IT CAN BE - PUBERTAL - PREGNANCY - PREMENSTRUAL - OC PILLS -SCANTY,NO SMELL,WHITISH,NO ITCHING NOT BLOOD STAINED.
- 7. CLASSIFICATION • PHYSIOLOGICAL • PATHIOLOGICAL - INFECTIVE - NON INFECTIVE- NEOPLASTIC - ATROPHIC - ALLERGIC,FB
- 8. INFECTIVE CAUSES • VAGINAL - CANDIDA VAGINITIS - TRICHOMONIAL VAGINITIS - BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS • CERVICAL - GONORRHOEA CERVICITIS - CHLAMYDIA CERVICITIS
- 9. CANDIDA VAGINITIS AGE- 20-40Y COMMON IN – PREGNANCY DIABETIC OBESE WOMEN FEATURES - CURDY WHITE,ITENSE ITCHING EXCORATION OF VULVA SMEAR- 10%KOH-FUNGAL HYPHE SEEN TREATMENT-CLOTRIMAZOLE-100MG BDx7D 200MGBDx3D RECURRENT -FLUCONOZLOE 150 MG WX4W
- 12. TRICHOMONIAL VAGINITIS • AGENT - TRICHOMONIA VAGINALIS • AGE -20-40YRS,SEX ACTIVITY FEATURES GREENISH,FROTHY,COPIOUS,ITCHING STRAWBERRY SPOTS ON VAGINA VAG. SMEAR-MOTILE ORGANISMS TREATMENT- METRONIDAZOLE - 200XBDX7D OR400XBDX3 -COUPLE TREATED TOGETHER
- 14. BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS AGENT–G.VAGINALIS+ANAEROBIC AGE -20-40 YRS FEATURES-WHITISH GREY,COPIOUS NO ITCHING,FISHY SMELL VAG.SMEAR-CLUE CELLS TREATMENT-METRONIDAZOLE500XBD X7DAYS
- 16. HOW TO ASSES..? DETAILED HISTORY COLOUR AMOUNT,SMELL,ITCHING RELATION TO COITUS /MENSES,pH CLINICAL EXAMINATION-EX GENITAL P/S EXAM INVESTIGATIONS-VAGINAL SMEAR -CULTURE
- 17. CERVICAL INFECTIONS GONORRHOEA-NEISS. GONORRHOEAE -85 %ASYMPTOMATIC - MUCOPURULANT - SMEAR FROM CX O&URETHRA - INTRACELL. GM –VE DIPLOCOCCI -SINGLE DOSE CEFETRIOXONE
- 18. CERVICAL INFECTIONS • CLAMYDIA-CL.TRACHOMATIS • AGE -20-40 • MUCOPURULANT • SEXUAL TRANSMITTED • FLOROSCENT ANTIBODY TEST/CULT. • DOXYCYCLINE 100XBDX7D
- 20. BEWARE ! IN ANY VAGINAL DISCHARGE R/O- -CARCINOMA CERVIX,CA ENDOMET. (FOUL SMELL OR BLOOD STAINED) -POLYPS,FB,VAG DOUCH(CHEMICAL) -STD-PARTNER SCREENING -DIABETES/HIV IN CANDIDA
- 21. DYSPLASIA
- 22. IDENTIFY
- 23. IDENTIFY
- 24. IDENTIFY
- 25. IDENTIFY
- 26. THANK YOU