Utilitarianism aims to maximize happiness and well-being in society by focusing on happiness, minimizing pain, and creating a better society. However, utilitarianism could justify causing terrible harm to a few people if it benefits many, could require self-sacrifice that leads to terrible personal suffering, and assumes accurate prediction of how actions may affect future happiness which is difficult to measure.

18. Utilitarianism - Advantages
• It seems a fair system
• It is focused on happiness and wellbeing
• It is focused on minimising pain and distress
• It aims for a better society
• It is relatively easy to comprehend
• It is relatively easy to follow

19. Utilitarianism – The Disadvantages
• It could seem to legitimise doing horrible things
to a small amount of people if it leads to the
happiness of the many
• It morally requires a person to do something that
will lead to terrible suffering for him/herself if it
leads to the happiness of the many
• It requires the ability to accurately predict what
will happen in the future as a result of each
possible option
• What is happiness?