This document proposes a module to promote understanding of Southeast Asia. It provides an overview of the region, including its diversity, population of over 500 million across 11 countries, and various ethnic groups and languages. A short history notes migration to the region beginning 2500 BCE, along with influences of Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and European colonialism. The region experienced decolonization in the mid-20th century and now deals with issues of environment, culture, politics, and economics.

1. Understanding Southeast Asia

2. Rationale promote an understanding and appreciation of the diversity of the region nurture Singaporeans who are comfortable operating in the region Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

3. Short Fact File Southeast Asia A Region of Diversity and Dynamism Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

4. Short Fact File A sub-region of Asia, geographically south of China, east of India, and north of Australia Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion TIMOR LESTE

5. Short Fact File Consists of two geographic regions: 1. Asian mainland: Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam 2. Island arcs and archipelago - Brunei, Timor Leste, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Singapore Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

6. Short Fact File Area 4,523,000 km² Population 568,300,000 Density 126 per km² Countries 11 GDP $900 billion Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

7. Short Fact File Ethnic Groups Austronesian people, Chinese ethnic groups, Eurasian (mixed ancestry), Filipino people, Malays (ethnic group), Negrito, Tai peoples, and Southeast Asian American Languages Indonesian, Filipino, Vietnamese, Thai, Burmese, Malay, Khmer, Lao, Tetum, Nicobarese, Mandarin, English, Tamil, Portuguese, Bengali, Hindi, Malayalam, Punjabi, Telugu, Javanese, Sundanese, Tagalog, Cebuano, Madura, Cantonese, Min, Taiwanese (Min Nan), and many others Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

8. Short Fact File Quick History: Delayering SEA Though 11 countries currently make up the region, the history of each country is intertwined with all the others. Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

9. Short Fact File History of the countries within the region only started to develop independently of each other after European colonialisation Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

10. Short Fact File The earliest population of Southeast Asia were animist Brahmanic Hinduism followed by Buddhism in replaced Animism c.1 CE Islam arrived mostly through Indian Muslims and later dominated much of the archipelago around the 13th century Christianity came along when European colonisation started around the 16th century Ancient Kingdoms Around 2,500 BCE, inhabitants (Austronesians) from southern China migrated to islands of the Philippines and later to modern day Malaysia and Indonesia Malacca, Johore-Riau Coming of Europeans and Colonialism Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

11. Short Fact File Decolonisation, Independence and Nation-building Philippines – 1946 Indonesia – 1947 Myanmmar – 1948 Vietnam/Laos/Cambodia – 1954 Malaya – 1957, later Malaysia in 1963 Singapore – 1963 Brunei – 1984 Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

12. Short Fact File Global Trade System and Southeast Asia since Ancient Times Age of Commerce (1450-1680) Age of Industrialisation and Imperialism Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

13. Proposed Framework Enduring Understanding The dynamics of human and physical processes in the region create the diversity in Southeast Asia today. Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

14. Proposed Framework Essential Questions What is Southeast Asia? What binds the region together? What draws the region apart? What are the important issues in this region? What are the forces that impact the region? Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

15. Proposed Framework Environmental Issues How does the climate and physical environment affect the lives of the people? What is the difference between mainland and insular Southeast Asia? Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

16. Proposed Framework Socio-cultural Issues How do the people in the region view themselves and how are they viewed by others? Why do the people in the region embrace the beliefs and behave the way they do? Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

17. Proposed Framework Political/Historical Issues How is power displayed and organised in the region? Why is power exercised and organised the way it is? Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion

18. Proposed Framework Economic Issues What types of economies exist in the region? What are the forces that shape the economies in Southeast Asia? Overview Rationale of Proposed Southeast Asia Module Short Fact File Proposed Framework Discussion