The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), also known as a drone, has been referred to in many ways as several acronyms have come into play over the years to describe them: Unmanned Aircraft (UA), Remotely Operated Aircraft (ROA), Remotely Piloted Vehicle (RPV), Unmanned Aerial System or Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS), Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA), and Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS).
TALON event Progress 2018 Keynote Speech by Brian Wynne AUVSI President & CEOpropclubjax
The Transportation and Logistics Network (TALON) hosted a sold out business summit, “Progress 2018: Preparing for the Change to Come”, on Tuesday, April 17, 2018 at the University of North Florida’s Adam W. Herbert University Center. The event was held to educate transportation professionals about the digital trends affecting supply chains. AUVSI President & CEO Brian Wynne delivered this keynote address.
Based on our current Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) flying operations with oil and gas majors, we now see the inspection industry complementing their ground sensors with the introduction of aerial remote sensing and information delivery technologies at scale, as a way to mitigate these costs and obsolescence issues.
Guide to Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)Graeme Cross
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) usage is expected to dramatically increase over the next five years. After the passing of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012, the FAA, under the direction of the Secretary of Transportation, gained authorization to begin integration of civil Unmanned Aircraft Systems into the National Air Space (NAS). In conjunction with the US Congress and state and local agencies, the FAA is working to create regulations on recreational and commercial applications that allow more streamlined access of unmanned aircraft to American businesses and institutions*. It is important to keep current with UAS regulations and news by following updates from the FAA, your aviation legal counsel, and your insurance broker.
TALON event Progress 2018 Keynote Speech by Brian Wynne AUVSI President & CEOpropclubjax
The Transportation and Logistics Network (TALON) hosted a sold out business summit, “Progress 2018: Preparing for the Change to Come”, on Tuesday, April 17, 2018 at the University of North Florida’s Adam W. Herbert University Center. The event was held to educate transportation professionals about the digital trends affecting supply chains. AUVSI President & CEO Brian Wynne delivered this keynote address.
Based on our current Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) flying operations with oil and gas majors, we now see the inspection industry complementing their ground sensors with the introduction of aerial remote sensing and information delivery technologies at scale, as a way to mitigate these costs and obsolescence issues.
Guide to Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)Graeme Cross
Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) usage is expected to dramatically increase over the next five years. After the passing of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012, the FAA, under the direction of the Secretary of Transportation, gained authorization to begin integration of civil Unmanned Aircraft Systems into the National Air Space (NAS). In conjunction with the US Congress and state and local agencies, the FAA is working to create regulations on recreational and commercial applications that allow more streamlined access of unmanned aircraft to American businesses and institutions*. It is important to keep current with UAS regulations and news by following updates from the FAA, your aviation legal counsel, and your insurance broker.
Drone Insights 2021, and its Impact on other sectors in IndiaKaushik Biswas
The Booming Drone Industry and its prospect by 2025. What are the sectors in which Drones can be used in India, the regulatory frameworks comparing World Vs India, What are the Top 3 companies we can do business with, who are the other players in the industry?
I have also done a small survey on what Indians think about the drone industry overall, and finally a conclusion on where we are vs the world
Luke Monette, OSMRE, “Drones and their use in Environmental Monitoring”Michael Hewitt, GISP
The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM), in cooperation with the US Geological Survey and BLM, conducted aerial inspections over the past several years, using a small unmanned aerial system (SUAS). This was part of an ongoing project to determine if SUAS may be used effectively, efficiently, and with reasonable cost to assist in OSM’s mandated oversight duties. The products derived from the SUAVs sensors: spatially accurate mosaicked images and a derivative 3D representation of the surface; demonstrated technology that can be used effectively to measure features within active coal mines. With the mosaicked images and 3D model at their fingertips, SMRCA personnel can easily determine if features meet applicable State and Federal laws and regulations or need further investigation. This presentation will provide participants a brief overview of this work, future plans, emerging technology and some of the rules and regulations in use of SUAS.
This presentation gives several examples of how commercial drones are used in industry. Originally presented at the Day of Drones, Hiller Museum of Aviation, San Carlos, California, August 27, 2016
Much like other regulated sectors, the aviation industry places a high priority on quality assurance functions to ensure that aircraft operate safely and meet regulatory and customer satisfaction standards.
Organizational Principles of UAE’s General Civil Aviation AuthorityTilak Ramaprakash
Established in 1996 under Federal Cabinet Decree (Law 4), the General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) regulates civil aviation activities nationwide. It emphasizes safety and security while directing air traffic services across the UAE (one of the smallest Middle Eastern countries in terms of land area, and yet the most economically vital) and its upper airspace. Along with its main headquarters in Abu Dhabi, the GCAA also maintains a Dubai regional office that serves clients across the northern Emirates. An autonomous regulating body, the authority oversees half a dozen major departments, which in turn manage approximately 550 smaller organizations.
Drone Insights 2021, and its Impact on other sectors in IndiaKaushik Biswas
The Booming Drone Industry and its prospect by 2025. What are the sectors in which Drones can be used in India, the regulatory frameworks comparing World Vs India, What are the Top 3 companies we can do business with, who are the other players in the industry?
I have also done a small survey on what Indians think about the drone industry overall, and finally a conclusion on where we are vs the world
Luke Monette, OSMRE, “Drones and their use in Environmental Monitoring”Michael Hewitt, GISP
The Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement (OSM), in cooperation with the US Geological Survey and BLM, conducted aerial inspections over the past several years, using a small unmanned aerial system (SUAS). This was part of an ongoing project to determine if SUAS may be used effectively, efficiently, and with reasonable cost to assist in OSM’s mandated oversight duties. The products derived from the SUAVs sensors: spatially accurate mosaicked images and a derivative 3D representation of the surface; demonstrated technology that can be used effectively to measure features within active coal mines. With the mosaicked images and 3D model at their fingertips, SMRCA personnel can easily determine if features meet applicable State and Federal laws and regulations or need further investigation. This presentation will provide participants a brief overview of this work, future plans, emerging technology and some of the rules and regulations in use of SUAS.
This presentation gives several examples of how commercial drones are used in industry. Originally presented at the Day of Drones, Hiller Museum of Aviation, San Carlos, California, August 27, 2016
Much like other regulated sectors, the aviation industry places a high priority on quality assurance functions to ensure that aircraft operate safely and meet regulatory and customer satisfaction standards.
Organizational Principles of UAE’s General Civil Aviation AuthorityTilak Ramaprakash
Established in 1996 under Federal Cabinet Decree (Law 4), the General Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) regulates civil aviation activities nationwide. It emphasizes safety and security while directing air traffic services across the UAE (one of the smallest Middle Eastern countries in terms of land area, and yet the most economically vital) and its upper airspace. Along with its main headquarters in Abu Dhabi, the GCAA also maintains a Dubai regional office that serves clients across the northern Emirates. An autonomous regulating body, the authority oversees half a dozen major departments, which in turn manage approximately 550 smaller organizations.
A Brief Look at Safety Management Systems in AviationTilak Ramaprakash
Air transportation receives about 9.4 million passengers every day. With substantial traffic, the aviation sector is subject to unpredictable circumstances like bad weather conditions, terrorism, mechanical faults, and unsafe flying zones.
In determining the quality of an airline, there are several factors that can be taken into consideration. One factor that I personally feel passengers take into account is on-time performance (i.e. delays). Since passengers seem to remember departures that are delayed more frequently than the arrivals, and sometimes arrival delays can be made up in flight and eradicated during initial connections at hubs, I used departure delays (instead of arrival delays) as one of my criteria in determining OTP.
The Indian DGCA has in past been complacent with following guidelines of ICAO. Internal audits of its own system have been either complacent in itself or results of these audits warranting corrective action have been ignored. As previous audits done by regulatory authorities have marginally passed the DGCA with the understanding that improvements would be made, the FAA finally decided to draw the line in 2014 and downgraded the Indian regulators safety ranking to Category II (Live Mint, 2014).
A business process covers the steps performed by an individual, group, business, or organization to achieve a defined or desired goal. Each step is typically assigned to a specific employee or team to carry out. After all the process steps are completed, the initiative or task is considered done. Processes are critical for business success and ensure mission-critical tasks are regularly, efficiently, and dependably carried out.
Business process improvement (BPI) involves a systematic initiative to boost how business processes are implemented. Convoluted or outdated processes waste money and time and thus need to be improved. Each process improvement effort should start with clear business objectives; otherwise, you may end up implementing random improvements that add no significant business value in the long term. It is critical to identify your organizational or business pains and then identify the specific processes that need improvement within that context.
Too many redundant processes can lead to errors that adversely impact your company’s revenue and bottom line. The goal of BPI is to reduce costs by enhancing overall operational effectiveness. Eliminate inefficiencies and waste by reducing uneconomical processes that add no real value to your business.
An excellent strategy is to develop a fine-tuned workflow that acts as a useful blueprint, mapping out daily tasks for each team member and removing redundancies. A workflow makes it easy to define the weak links in the organization’s operations.
The hospitality industry refers to places away from home where people can stay, eat, and drink. This industry makes a huge contribution to the economy of the United States. For example, hospitality is a significant source of employment. The industry also creates jobs indirectly in other sectors like supply and delivery, marketing, and agriculture.
The hospitality industry comprises several sectors, including hotels, food services, gaming, cruise lines, and travel. Hospitality and tourism have much in common, as both encompass hotels, food service outlets, casinos, travel, entertainment, and tourism-related activities. Lodging and accommodation constitutes the largest sector. It accounts for nearly a fifth of travel and tourism spending. Travelers spent about $300 billion on hotels in 2017. This industry supports almost 2.1 million jobs in the United States. On the other hand, food services account for roughly 16 percent of travel and tourism spending. In 2017, travelers spent $254 billion on food services, sustaining nearly 2.1 million jobs in the United States.
The hospitality sector contributes significantly to the local and regional economies, both directly and indirectly. They contribute directly when customers pay for services such as lodging, food, and entertainment, and contribute indirectly when these companies buy goods and services from other suppliers and merchants.
More businesses will be established if a destination attracts many visitors and tourists, resulting in healthy competition. This will boost the economy through an increased fiscal effect. City governments will benefit from hotel and property taxes, so more hotels lead to more money for municipal services. As hotels facilitate increased spending, people and companies enjoy a higher quality of life, making the destination more enjoyable for everyone who lives there or visits.
In 1994, the University of Texas Human Research Project and Delta Airline developed the Line Operations Safety Audit (LOSA) program. With time, the LOSA program evolved into what is now known as Threat and Error Management (TEM).
The TEM framework is an applied concept which emerged from the observations and surveys of actual flight operations. It considers the various issues that a flight crew may encounter as a result of internal and external factors.
This model explores the contributing factors of the threat to aviation safety and, in turn, allows for the unearthing of ways to mitigate them and maintain proper safety margins. Now recognized and adopted across continents, the TEM framework aims to educate flight personnel on managing threats and errors before they degenerate into serious incidents or accidents. It is important to note that TEM is also applicable to maintenance operations, cabin crew, and air traffic control.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Dr. Sean Tan, Head of Data Science, Changi Airport Group
Discover how Changi Airport Group (CAG) leverages graph technologies and generative AI to revolutionize their search capabilities. This session delves into the unique search needs of CAG’s diverse passengers and customers, showcasing how graph data structures enhance the accuracy and relevance of AI-generated search results, mitigating the risk of “hallucinations” and improving the overall customer journey.
Enchancing adoption of Open Source Libraries. A case study on Albumentations.AIVladimir Iglovikov, Ph.D.
Presented by Vladimir Iglovikov:
- https://www.linkedin.com/in/iglovikov/
- https://x.com/viglovikov
- https://www.instagram.com/ternaus/
This presentation delves into the journey of Albumentations.ai, a highly successful open-source library for data augmentation.
Created out of a necessity for superior performance in Kaggle competitions, Albumentations has grown to become a widely used tool among data scientists and machine learning practitioners.
This case study covers various aspects, including:
People: The contributors and community that have supported Albumentations.
Metrics: The success indicators such as downloads, daily active users, GitHub stars, and financial contributions.
Challenges: The hurdles in monetizing open-source projects and measuring user engagement.
Development Practices: Best practices for creating, maintaining, and scaling open-source libraries, including code hygiene, CI/CD, and fast iteration.
Community Building: Strategies for making adoption easy, iterating quickly, and fostering a vibrant, engaged community.
Marketing: Both online and offline marketing tactics, focusing on real, impactful interactions and collaborations.
Mental Health: Maintaining balance and not feeling pressured by user demands.
Key insights include the importance of automation, making the adoption process seamless, and leveraging offline interactions for marketing. The presentation also emphasizes the need for continuous small improvements and building a friendly, inclusive community that contributes to the project's growth.
Vladimir Iglovikov brings his extensive experience as a Kaggle Grandmaster, ex-Staff ML Engineer at Lyft, sharing valuable lessons and practical advice for anyone looking to enhance the adoption of their open-source projects.
Explore more about Albumentations and join the community at:
GitHub: https://github.com/albumentations-team/albumentations
Website: https://albumentations.ai/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/100504475
Twitter: https://x.com/albumentations
Building RAG with self-deployed Milvus vector database and Snowpark Container...Zilliz
This talk will give hands-on advice on building RAG applications with an open-source Milvus database deployed as a docker container. We will also introduce the integration of Milvus with Snowpark Container Services.
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
20 Comprehensive Checklist of Designing and Developing a WebsitePixlogix Infotech
Dive into the world of Website Designing and Developing with Pixlogix! Looking to create a stunning online presence? Look no further! Our comprehensive checklist covers everything you need to know to craft a website that stands out. From user-friendly design to seamless functionality, we've got you covered. Don't miss out on this invaluable resource! Check out our checklist now at Pixlogix and start your journey towards a captivating online presence today.
Full-RAG: A modern architecture for hyper-personalizationZilliz
Mike Del Balso, CEO & Co-Founder at Tecton, presents "Full RAG," a novel approach to AI recommendation systems, aiming to push beyond the limitations of traditional models through a deep integration of contextual insights and real-time data, leveraging the Retrieval-Augmented Generation architecture. This talk will outline Full RAG's potential to significantly enhance personalization, address engineering challenges such as data management and model training, and introduce data enrichment with reranking as a key solution. Attendees will gain crucial insights into the importance of hyperpersonalization in AI, the capabilities of Full RAG for advanced personalization, and strategies for managing complex data integrations for deploying cutting-edge AI solutions.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...Neo4j
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Unlock the Future of Search with MongoDB Atlas_ Vector Search Unleashed.pdfMalak Abu Hammad
Discover how MongoDB Atlas and vector search technology can revolutionize your application's search capabilities. This comprehensive presentation covers:
* What is Vector Search?
* Importance and benefits of vector search
* Practical use cases across various industries
* Step-by-step implementation guide
* Live demos with code snippets
* Enhancing LLM capabilities with vector search
* Best practices and optimization strategies
Perfect for developers, AI enthusiasts, and tech leaders. Learn how to leverage MongoDB Atlas to deliver highly relevant, context-aware search results, transforming your data retrieval process. Stay ahead in tech innovation and maximize the potential of your applications.
#MongoDB #VectorSearch #AI #SemanticSearch #TechInnovation #DataScience #LLM #MachineLearning #SearchTechnology
2. • Submitted to the Faculty of Purdue University, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the MS in
Aviation and Aerospace Management Degree
3. Introduction
• The Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), also known as a drone, has been referred to in many ways as several
acronyms have come into play over the years to describe them: Unmanned Aircraft (UA), Remotely Operated
Aircraft (ROA), Remotely Piloted Vehicle (RPV), Unmanned Aerial System or Unmanned Aircraft System
(UAS), Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA), and Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS).
• Much has been speculated on the subject of regulating the burgeoning UAV sector. Unmanned Aircraft
Systems continue to be the most dynamic growth sector within the aviation industry. Till date, the UAV industry
has grown largely as a result of supporting defense organizations. This is reflected in the type of systems that
have been developed. However, operations in civil airspace have had different priorities. As the Federal
Aviation Administration (FAA) has been addressing the issues of implementing a regulatory system that will
govern this new industry, technological advances continue to rapidly grow. Commercial uses of UAVs include
law enforcement, aerial photography, property surveying, search and rescue missions, scientific research,
mapping, and more. Drones are also being planning for daily use such as pizza delivery.
4. Current Exemptions
• Under current law, any aircraft operation in the national airspace requires a certificated and registered aircraft,
a licensed pilot, and operational approval. Section 333 of the FAA Modernization and Reform Act of 2012
(FMRA) grants the Secretary of Transportation the authority to determine whether an airworthiness certificate is
required for a UAS to operate safely in the National Airspace System (NAS) (FAA, n.d.).
• This authority is currently being used to issue case-by-case authorization for certain unmanned aircraft to
perform commercial operations prior to the finalization of the Small UAS Rule, which will be the primary
method for authorizing small UAS operations once it is complete. Expected implementation for this target has
been September, 2015. However, at the time of this writing, it appears unlikely that this timeframe will be met.
• Until the complete regulatory structure has been implemented, the Section 333 Exemption process provides
operators who wish to pursue safe and legal entry into the NAS a competitive advantage in the UAS
marketplace, thus discouraging illegal operations and improving safety. It is anticipated that this activity will
result in significant economic benefits, and the FAAAdministrator has identified this as a high priority project to
address demand for civil operation of UAS for commercial purposes.
5. • To currently operate a UAV, unless flown only for hobby or recreational purposes, a Section 333 exemption
must be granted by the FAA to fly a UAS for commercial, i.e. business, purposes.
• As of this writing, the FAA has granted 1,111 exemptions for commercial operators (FAA, n.d.). Among the
current uses are motion picture production, aerial photography, agriculture use and power line, bridge, and
railroad inspection. An updated list on which entities have been granted exemptions can be viewed on the FAA
web site.
6. Growth
• World Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Systems annual sector study forecasts the U.S. and international Unmanned
Aircraft markets. The Teal Group creates a market profile along with a forecast for military and civil markets for both
the U.S. and outside the U.S. The study forecasts significant spending growth. Total procurement and R&D is
expected to increase from $5.2 billion to $11.6 billion annually over the next decade. The Teal Group’s ten year
forecast estimates total UAS spending worldwide at $89.5 Billion (FAA, n.d).
•
• Once able to operate on an open scale, the FAA estimates roughly 7,500 commercial small UAS will be operating at
the end of five years. This forecast is dependent on the regulatory structure finally adopted, and the technology as well
as cost structure of this evolving industry.
•
• The FAA has predicted that 30,000 drones could be flying in U.S. skies in less than twenty years (Jenkins, 2014).
Once the new regulations are in place, the scopes of the challenges that lie ahead for the FAA will be tremendous.
There will be many major challenges as well as underlying issues for the regulatory agency to monitor. As can be
understood by these numbers, the scope and challenges that lie ahead for governance of this rapidly growing industry
are immense.
7. • Saddled with the current expected industry growth, the FAA has several areas where public compliance and
cooperation are imperative. One of the areas of great concern is Airspace Integration. The safe and efficient
integration of UAS into the national airspace system has the potential for broad benefits for virtually all of the
public sector.
• The FAA must implement the new, integrated structure in a systematic order for it to be effective. And just
the same, operators must adhere to the rules in order for the regulator to grow the integrated NAS system.
• The intent of this research is to determine the commercial and public awareness of the importance and
necessity of participation in assisting the FAA in the ongoing development and integration of UAVs into the
current airspace system.
8. Hypothesis
• Regulatory compliance and cooperation will be imperative in order for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to become
a significant component of the national airspace system.
9. Airspace Integration
• The current national airspace system has evolved to support safe operation and equitable access to a diverse
range of users. The architecture of the NAS has evolved primarily to support manned operations. Therefore,
when considering unmanned aircraft, there are several issues related to the ability of UAVs to integrate with the
current users of the NAS (Weibel & Hansman, 2006).
• The FAA is working on how to integrate the unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) into the national airspace
system and solidify regulations to permit commercial operation of small UAS. It is likely that small businesses
will conduct the majority of commercial operations.
• Over the last century, the number of aircraft operating at any given time has grown substantially. The traffic is
normally concentrated around populated areas and on flight paths into and out of major airports and along
popular routes. Areas of heavy activity are subject to air traffic control procedures. It may be that some
proportion of drone traffic will one day be substituted for existing piloted traffic. However, to date, drone traffic
has mostly been additional to piloted traffic. It has also been almost entirely outside controlled airspace, because
(with few exceptions) remotely-piloted flights inside controlled airspace are still prohibited.
10. • However, several factors suggest the likelihood of increasing congestion in previously non-busy airspace. For
example, most hobbyist uses of small drones will be by people who live in densely-populated areas. Drone
transport for industrial and commercial purposes will be to a large extent in urban areas. Surveillance activities
will cluster around such locations as ground-traffic routes, tourism locations, sports and entertainment events,
and gathering-points of celebrities and notorieties (Clarke, 2014).
• The UAS community does not yet have a set of standardized design specifications for basic UAS design that
ensures safe and reliable operation in typical civilian service applications. Ultimately, the pace of integration
will be determined by the ability of industry, the user community, and the FAA to overcome technical,
regulatory, and operational challenges.
•
11. • Unmanned aerial vehicles pose an increased risk in comparison to other air traffic. An unmanned flying
system consists of the drone itself, the ground station and the communication technology. There are therefore
three possible sources of error. Current contention reflects that the safe integration of civilian drone traffic into
the available airspace is fraught with uncertainty and a steep learning curve for all involved (Wilde Beuger
Solmecke, 2014).
•
• The purpose of this research is guided by the need for this new commercial sector to understand the severity
of operating UAVs in an integrated airspace system with manned aircraft. This research will determine from
sample data how the public will view the transition.
12. Methodology
• As this is a relatively new area of study with little prior research data available upon which to base this
project, new methods will be used from the start. Although few studies are available, they are not current to
date. Since a regulatory structure has not yet been set in place for UAVs, there are limited ways to collect data
regarding means to test the hypothesis. For this reason, there will be no scope of validating any prior research
done in this field.
• Data collection methods will be both by questionnaires and interviews. As time will be limited to one
semester, the majority of data collected will be through surveys that will be sent via post or internet to those
participants actively involved with the national airspace system, such as air traffic controllers and pilots, as well
as those who are not directly involved with the NAS.
• Interviews will be used for participants of the study who are both current and planned operators of UAV’s.
The questionnaires will involve closed-ended questions, while the interviews will be open-ended and more
detailed.
13. • As the number of active commercial operators under the exemption is limited, the survey will involve more
operators that plan on starting operations once the FAA has begun the process of implementing the new
regulatory structure and integration of the airspace has begun.
• Content in both the questionnaires and interviews will encompass the scope of challenges that the FAA faces
and the level of participants’ understanding towards regulatory compliance.
• Selection procedures for participants in the study will be through snowball sampling. As the UAV
communities, both current and planned, are extremely limited, this method would be most favorable for
recruiting the maximum amount of participants in the limited time allotted. It would be possible to use
respondent-driven sampling (RDS) if desired, but that would be decided at a later stage if weighting is warranted
with the number and type of participants available.
14. • Data will be analyzed in accordance with the participants’ roles, or future role, in the national airspace system.
Roles of the research study participants will include air traffic controllers, pilots, and both current and future
commercial drone business owners and operators.
• Results of the data will be tested against the hypothesis, “Regulatory compliance and cooperation will be
imperative in order for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to become a significant component of the national airspace
system.”
15. Implications and Limitations
• Limitations encountered during the research may include the time period allotted for the entire research project. One
semester will encompass the entire research process of collecting data, analyzing, and publishing. In this process,
collection of data may be the most time-consuming.
• The basic timeline for this study will be:
• September – Identify and describe the variables, locate samples, collect data
• October – Pilot test hypothesis, analyze data
• November – Conclusions regarding hypothesis
• December – Publish findings
• Since this is new research that will not be building upon any past pilot studies, there will be provisions in place for
possibilities when steps of the study do not progress as planned. A potential limitation may be the selection of an
insufficient number of qualified participants in the given allotment of time. An ample number of questionnaires will be
distributed. In the unlikely event that there are an insufficient number of respondents to the survey, then there will still
be enough interviewee data to test the hypothesis.
16. Resources
• Resources needed for the collection of data are basic and of current technology which is readily available.
These include questionnaires to be distributed via U.S. mail and internet. Interviews will be done in person
with participants from at least two major metropolitan areas. The latter may be increased if time permits.
17. References
• Bennet, W. (2014). Civilian drones, privacy, and the federal-state balance. Brookings Institution. September, 2014. p.1-22.
•
• Carr, E. (n.d.). Unmanned aerial vehicles: Examining the safety, security, privacy, and regulatory issues of integration into U.S. airspace.
National Center for Policy Analysis. Retrieved from: http://www.ncpa.org/pdfs/sp-Drones-long-paper.pdf
•
• Cavoukian, A. (2012). Privacy and drones: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. Information and Privacy Commission. Ontario, Canada. Retrieved
from: https://www.ipc.on.ca/images/Resources/pbd-drones.pdf
•
• Clarke, R. (2014). Drones’ challenges to public safety. Unmanned Aerial Systems Conference. 17 February 2014, Adelaide.
• FAA. (n.d.). Unmanned Aerial Systems. Retrieved from: http://www.faa.gov/uas/
• Jenkins, B. (2014). Watching the watchmen: Drone privacy and the need for oversight. Kentucky Law Journal. Fall, 2013, Vol.102 (1),
p.161-182.
•
• Weibel, R. & Hansman, R. (2006). Safety considerations for operation of unmanned aerial vehicles in the national airspace system. MIT
International Center for Air Transportation. Report No. ICAT-2005-1
•
• Wilde Beuger Solmecke (18 February 2014). Civilian drones and the legal issues surrounding their use. Retrieved from: https://www.wbs-
law.de/internetrecht/civilian-drones-legal-issues-surrounding-use-50459/