The document summarizes information about the Amish community in the United States. It describes how the Amish lifestyle has changed little since the 18th century, as they reject modern conveniences like electricity and cars. While their agriculture uses traditional horse-drawn machines, their farms are highly productive. The Amish population is growing rapidly through large family sizes, with over 100,000 Amish currently living in communities across the eastern US. While their lives are strict and traditional, the Amish are well-integrated with surrounding American society through business and as neighbors.

1. TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES
UNIT 1- TASK 5 - COLLABORATIVE ACTIVITY: PRESENTATION
PRESENTED BY
PEDRO JULIANA MAYA MUÑOZ 91515095
YENIFER BENAVIDES
DANY JULIETH MANRIQUE
LEIDY PAOLA SANCHEZ
DIANA JAMIOY MUÑOZ
PRESENTED TO
CARLOS ALBERTO PELAYO
GROUP: 551037_6
OPEN AND DISTANCE NATIONAL UNIVERSITY
SCIENCE EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
BUCARAMANGA – SANTANDER
MAY 2017

2. Paragraph 1:
 America's Amish communities live a lifestyle that has changed little since the 18th century;
but in other respects, they are showing other Americans the way forward into the twenty-
first....
 The road sign is, to say the least, unexpected ; driving through a prosperous rural part of
North America, the last thing you expect to see beside the highway is a yellow diamond
road sign with a horse and buggy in the middle! Watch out for horses and buggies on the
road? What is this? Do they exercise racehorses here, or what?
 You keep an eye open for horses; for two miles you see nothing, then all of a sudden, look!
Coming towards you on the other side of the road, two black horse-drawn buggies! As
they go by, your surprise turns to disbelief; what's going on? Are they making a movie
about eighteenth century America? The men and the women in the buggy look like they
jumped out of a novel by Fennimore Cooper. Then, another mile and things get even
stranger; beside a neat-looking farm-house, there is a whole line of buggies. In the door of
the house, half a dozen men in black coats, and with long beards, are talking while some
women dressed in a curiously ancient fashion are sitting on a bench. Is this 2015 or 1715 ?

3. Paragraph 2:
 You drive on, wondering what has happened to this part of the United States of America?
Have you driven into a time-warp, and without realizing it, gone back 300 years, or is it the
people you've just seen who're stuck in a time warp?
 A quick enquiry at the nearest gas station gives you the answer; you are in Amish
country, and the men and women you have just seen are Amish, part of a strange
religious group that settled in America in the 18th century, and much of whose lifestyle has
changed little since then.
 If you had seen the movie "Witness", you would have already known something about
the Amish, how their community is strictly religious and self-contained, how Amish people
do without the essentials of modern-day life such as electricity and cars, and how they do
not mix with people outside of their own community. It is virtually unheard of for anyone to
become an Amish, who was not born an Amish.
 This is about all that most Americans know about Amish people, unless, that is, they
actually live near them and come across them in daily life. So who are they?

4. Paragraph 3:
 In brief, the Amish are members of an ultra-protestant religious movement
that first came to America from the upper Rhine valley over three hundred
years ago, and have kept their traditions and lifestyles. They are very law-
abiding citizens, and their community is one in which crime is almost,
though not entirely, inexistent; Amish families live strict lives, following the
same code of morals as their ancestors. In a sense, they are indeed stuck in
a time warp.
 Yet the most remarkable things to note about the Amish are not their
quaint lifestyles and their home-made clothes, but the expansion of their
community, its efficiency, its social cohesion, and their recent adoption of
"green" technology, including wind-power and solar energy. Although they
work the land using traditional horse-drawn machines, and use no
chemical fertilizers, their agriculture is - interestingly - among the most
productive in North America. !

5. Paragraph 4:
 While white America is, on the whole, a population that is stable in numbers, the Amish
community is growing faster than virtually any other community in the USA. In the 40 years from
1950 to 1990, the number of Amish in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, the original and still the
largest Amish community in the USA, grew by exactly 400%, all by natural growth, not through the
influx of immigrants. The Amish do not keep statistics, but it is fairly safe to assume that the total
Amish population of the United States in the year 1900 was no more than a couple of thousand;
today the Old Order Amish, those who have kept up the strictest traditions of their religion and
society, number over 100,000, spread in communities across the eastern US and Ontario. The
total number of Amish living in the United States in 2011 was estimated at over 260,000.
 Amish, who reject modern medicine and all forms of birth control, have some of the biggest
families in America, with an average of over six children per family. Few abandon their
community. Amish teenagers tend to be as normally rebellious as any other American teens,
until they are baptized. Until this happens, they are not obliged to conform to the strict Amish
codes of dress, hairstyle and behavior, and many make the most of this liberty; before baptism,
Amish teenagers behave much like other American teens; up to 30% of older unbaptized Amish
teens own
 cars, and 40% have drivers licenses! Amish teens also enjoy baseball, dancing and even alcohol!
Amish baptism takes place between the ages of 16 and 21, sometimes even later.

6. Paragraph 5:
 The fact that only about 18% of young Amish abandon the austere way of life of their ancestors is not
the only reason why the community is growing so fast. Other factors include increasing life-expectancy,
and higher standards of living.
 As for machines and modernity, Amish families do not live a primitive life; while they reject the use of
mains electricity in the home, they accept the use of kerosene and efficient wood-burning stoves that
provide plenty of light and heat and comfort in their homes; and they are certainly not out of touch with
technology. It was estimated that in 2007, 80% of homes in some Amish communities were using wind or
solar power ! In this respect, far from being stuck in the past, they can be considered as one of the most
advanced communities in the world !
 As for leisure, it is not one of their major preoccupations! While they do not have televisions or radios,
they have other social activities; yet Amish leaders actually fear that the development of a cult of
leisure could rapidly destroy their society.
 Contrary to popular belief, the Amish are not cut off from the rest of America; like any farmers, they
need markets for their products and suppliers for their goods; some work for non-Amish employers. Many
have non-Amish neighbors. They know what is going on in the rest of the United States, and like many
other Americans, they are alarmed by many modern developments.
 This too explains why most young Amish opt to carry on with the hard-working and strict way of life of
their community. Though Amish life is hard in many ways, it is free of most of the pressures and problems
of the rest of American society. As long as this lifestyle is not forced into radical change, many of those
who have been brought up in it will continue to see it as an attractive option.

7. Párrafo 1:
Traducción por Diana Jamioy Muñoz
 Las comunidades Amish de América viven un estilo de vida que ha cambiado poco
desde el siglo XVIII; Pero en otros aspectos, están mostrando a otros estadounidenses el
camino a seguir hacia el siglo XXI.
 El roadsign es, por decir lo menos, inesperado; Conduciendo a través de una próspera
parte rural de América del Norte, lo último que se espera ver al lado de la carretera es un
roadsign amarillo diamante con un caballo y buggy en el medio! Cuidado con los
caballos y buggies en la carretera? ¿Qué es esto? ¿Ejercen caballos de carreras aquí, o
qué?
 Mantenga un ojo abierto para los caballos; Por dos millas no ves nada, entonces de
repente, mira! Viniendo hacia usted en el otro lado de la carretera, dos buggies negros
dibujados por caballos! A medida que pasan, su sorpresa se convierte en incredulidad;
¿qué está pasando? ¿Están haciendo una película sobre la América del siglo XVIII? Los
hombres y las mujeres en el buggy parecen haber salido de una novela de Fennimore
Cooper. Luego, otra milla y las cosas se vuelven aún más extrañas; Al lado de una casa
de campo de apariencia limpia, hay toda una línea de buggies. En la puerta de la casa,
media docena de hombres de abrigos negros y barbas largas hablan mientras algunas
mujeres vestidas de una manera curiosamente antigua están sentadas en un banco. ¿Es
este 2015 o 1715?

8. Párrafo 2:
Traducción por Dany Julieth Manrique.
 ¿Sigues conduciendo, preguntándote qué ha pasado con esta parte de los Estados
Unidos de América? ¿Te has metido en un túnel del tiempo, y sin darse cuenta, ha
retrocedido 300 años, o es la gente que has visto que está atrapada en un túnel del
tiempo?
 Una investigación rápida en la gasolinera más cercana le da la respuesta; Usted está en
el país de Amish, y los hombres y las mujeres que usted acaba de ver son Amish, parte de
un grupo religioso extraño que se estableció en América en el siglo XVIII, y mucho de
cuyo estilo de vida ha cambiado poco desde entonces.
 Si usted hubiera visto la película "Testigo", usted ya habría sabido algo sobre los Amish,
cómo su comunidad es estrictamente religiosa y autónoma, cómo la gente Amish hace
sin los elementos esenciales de la vida moderna como la electricidad y los coches, y
Cómo no se mezclan con personas ajenas a su propia comunidad. Es casi inaudito que
alguien se convierta en un Amish, que no nació como Amish.
 Esto es todo lo que la mayoría de los estadounidenses saben acerca de la gente Amish, a
menos que, es decir, que en realidad viven cerca de ellos y vienen a través de ellos en la
vida diaria. Entonces, ¿quiénes son?

9. Párrafo 3:
Traducción por: Pedro Julián Amaya Muñoz.
 En resumen, los Amish son miembros de un movimiento religioso ultra-
protestante que llegó por primera vez a América desde el valle superior de
Rhine hace más de trescientos años, y ha mantenido sus tradiciones y estilos de
vida. Son ciudadanos que respetan y cumplen con la ley y su comunidad es
aquella en la que el crimen es casi, aunque no totalmente, inexistente; Las
familias Amish llevan vidas estrictas, siguiendo el mismo código de moral que
sus antepasados. En cierto sentido, están realmente atrapados en una
deformación del tiempo.
 Sin embargo, lo más notable de los amish no son sus pintorescos estilos de vida
y sus ropas caseras, sino la expansión de su comunidad, su eficiencia, su
cohesión social y su reciente adopción de la tecnología "verde", incluida la
energía eólica Y energía solar. Aunque trabajan la tierra usando máquinas
tradicionales tiradas por caballos, y no usan fertilizantes químicos, su agricultura
es curiosamente entre las más productivas en América del Norte!

10. Párrafo 4:
Traducción por: Leidy Paola Sánchez.
 Mientras que la América blanca es, en conjunto, una población estable en número, la comunidad Amish está
creciendo más rápido que prácticamente cualquier otra comunidad en los Estados Unidos. En los 40 años de
1950 a 1990, el número de Amish en el condado de Lancaster, Pensilvania, la comunidad original y aún más
grande Amish en los EE.UU., creció un 400%, todo por crecimiento natural, no a través de la afluencia de
inmigrantes. Los Amish no guardan estadísticas, pero es bastante seguro asumir que la población Amish total de
los Estados Unidos en el año 1900 no era más que un par de mil; hoy en día, los antiguos Amish, aquellos que han
mantenido las tradiciones más estrictas de su religión y la sociedad, más de 100.000, se extendió en las
comunidades en el este de EE.UU. y Ontario. El número total de Amish que viven en los Estados Unidos en 2011 se
estimó en más de 260.000.
 Amish, que rechazan la medicina moderna y todas las formas de control de la natalidad, tienen algunas de las
familias más grandes en América, con un promedio de más de seis hijos por familia. Pocos abandonan su
comunidad. Los adolescentes Amish tienden a ser tan normalmente rebeldes como cualquier otro adolescente
estadounidense, hasta que son bautizados. Hasta que esto sucede, no están obligados a ajustarse a los estrictos
códigos Amish de vestimenta, peinado y comportamiento, y muchos aprovechan esta libertad; antes del
bautismo, los adolescentes Amish se comportan como otros adolescentes estadounidenses; hasta el 30% de los
mayores no bautizados adolescentes Amish tienen coches propios, y el 40% tienen licencias de conducir! Los
adolescentes de Amish también disfrutan de béisbol, baile e incluso alcohol. El bautismo Amish tiene lugar entre
las edades de 16 y 21, a veces incluso más tarde.

11. Párrafo 5:
traducción por: Yenifer Benavides.
 El hecho es que cerca de 18% de los jóvenes Amish abandonan el estilo de la vida de sus antecesores, esta no es solo la
razón porque la comunidad está creciendo tan rápido. Otros factores incluyen la esperanza de vida y mayor nivel de
vida.
 En cuanto a las máquinas y la modernidad, familias Amish no viven una vida primitiva; mientras rechazan el uso de la
electricidad en casa, acepta el uso de queroseno y estufas de leña que proporcionan abundancia de luz, calor y
confortan en sus casas; y ciertamente no estan fuera de contacto con la tecnología. Se estimó que en 2007 el 80% de los
hogares en algunas comunidades Amish estaban usando viento o energía solar! En este sentido, lejos de estar atrapados
en el pasado, puede considerarse como una de las comunidades más avanzadas en el mundo!
 En cuanto al tiempo libre, no es uno de sus principales preocupaciones! Aunque no tienen televisiones o radios, tienen
otras actividades sociales; sin embargo los lideres Amish actualmente temen que el desarrollo de un culto del tiempo libre
pueda destruir rápidamente su sociedad.
 Contrario a la creencia popular, los Amish no estan separados del resto de América; como cualquier agricultor, necesitan
mercados para sus productos y proveedores para sus bienes; algunos trabajan para empleadores no-Amish. Muchos
tienen vecinos no-Amish. Saben que está sucediendo en el resto de los estados unidos, y como a muchos otros
americanos, estan alarmados por el desarrollo moderno.
 Esto también explica por qué la mayoría de los jóvenes Amish optan por seguir con el duro y estricto modo de vida de su
comunidad. Aunque la vida Amish es dura de muchas formas, está libre de la mayoría de las presiones y problemas del
resto de la sociedad americana. Mientras que este estilo de vida no se ve obligado a un cambio radical, muchos de los
que han sido educados en ella seguirán viendo como una opción atractiva.

12. Reflections by: Dany Julieth Manrique
Méndez
 During the translation of the text there were some terms or expressions that
have different concepts, for which I should have adapted and could make a
better understanding of the text such as:
 Time-warp: means tiempo de deformación, but in the search in online
translators, including in the full sentence was referring to the time tunnel, which
fit even more to the context of the text.
 This same procedure was done with the following words:
 Self-contained: (autocontenido) which I translated as autonomous
(aautónomo).
 Modern-day: (moderno día) which registers as modern life (vida moderna)
 Outside: (fuera de) mentioning her as an stranger (ajeno).
 Amish: whose name searched on the web, has no translation because it is an
ethnoreligious group, therefore its name is preserved.

13. Reflections by: Yenifer Benavides Bravo
 In first place: I think that the text is interesting, because speak of the Amish,
its life, the expectative and challenges that the community have in special
with the technology that this proffered.
 The problems that I had were with some words that did not make sense as
the word Amish and “cult of” , I felt a litter confused with the words; I
searched the words in the internet and discovered that the first it was a
group to which they mentioned the text and cultof, I should do the same
to understand it in context in this case they were about two thing but in just
one, the others words do not me It seemed so complicated to translate
only in arranging chords necessary for that the text be well written and
structured.

14.  The main difficulty I found in the making of this translation were some words
of the vocabulary and the text because of tis literal context with very
important expressions of interpreting, on the other hand, the proper names
of that culture, in a few words, I consider it an interpretative paragraph
that its needs so much detail and understanding as it is evidenced in the
phrasal verbs used in the description and its general content about old
British English. However, I had to first highlight the unknown words and
phrases, then start the consultation of the new vocabulary and learn more
about this society and its culture in order to contextualize meanings.
Reflections by: Pedro Julián Amaya
Muñoz

15. Reflection by: Diana Jamioy Muñoz
 In the development of the translation exercise it was observed that some of the terms which make up the text have
different meanings.
 Roadsign: is a brand of clothing and accessories from Australia / outdoor lifestyle for nature lovers, outdoors and travel.
 Horse and buggy, refers to a light, simple, two-person carriage of the late 18th, 19th and early 20th centuries, usually
drawn by one or two horses
 Buggy (automobile), the generalization of
 Dune buggy, a recreational vehicle with large wheels, and wide tires, designed for use on sand dunes, beaches, or
desert recreation Sandrail, a variant of the dune buggy
 Kite buggy, a light, purpose-built vehicle powered by a traction kite (power kite)
 Moon buggy
 Horse-drawn (horse)
 Horse-drawn; Animal traction, horse drawn
During the translation of the text there were some terms or expressions that have different concepts, for which I should have
adapted and could make a better understanding of the text.

16. CHART BETWEEN METHOD, STRATEGY AND TECHNIQUE
 BY: Yenifer Benavides Bravo
method strategy technique
Logical process through which the
knowledge is obtained through steps
or process that lead to achieve a
goal.
Is a set of actions that are
carried out to achieve a
certain goal.
Aim to achieve a particular
result, either in the field of
science, technology, art,
education or any other
activity.
Is the definitely executable process
or procedure, with all the specific
and prioritized tasks in a process.
Is a mental model in our
head, with an end
interesting.
Is the final skillful execution,
on a point to point basis,
from startpoint to endpoint,
in an investigation or event.

17. CHART BETWEEN METHOD, STRATEGY AND TECHNIQUE
 BY: DANY JULIETH MANRIQUE MÉNDEZ
METHOD STRATEGY TECHNIQUE
It is an orderly succession of ideas,
which must fulfill a few steps related
to each other, to obtain an
objective, that of knowledge.
Is a set of actions that are
carried out to achieve a
certain goal.
Is a process which must
comply with a series of
norms, which aim to obtain
certain results in any field:
science, education,
technology, art ...
The route, so it indicates that it is a
mandatory way to do any activity
Way to guide learning; Are
applied through techniques
Specific ways of applying a
method

18. CHART BETWEEN METHOD, STRATEGY AND TECHNIQUE
 BY: PEDRO JULIAN AMAYA MUÑOZ
METHOD STRATEGY TECHNIQUE
Translation method refers to the way a
particular translation process is carried out
in terms of the translator’s objective.
The method depends on the aim of
translation techniques.
Interpretative - communicative (translation
of the sense), literal (linguistic
transcodification), free (modification of
semiotic and communicative categories)
and philological (academic or critical
translation).
Strategies are the procedures (conscious or
unconscious, verbal or nonverbal) used by
the translator to solve problems that
emerge when carrying out the translation
process with a particular objective in mind
(Hurtado Albir 1996, 1999).
Translators use strategies for comprehension
(e.g., distinguish main and secondary
ideas, establish conceptual relationships,
search for information) and for
reformulation (e.g., paraphrase, retranslate,
say out loud, avoid words that are close to
the original).
A technique is the result of a choice made
by a translator, its validity will depend on
various questions related to the context, the
purpose of the translation, audience
expectations, etc. If a technique is
evaluated out of context as justified,
unjustified or erroneous, this denies the
functional and dynamic nature of
translation.
A technique can only be judged
meaningfully when it is evaluated within a
particular context.

19. CHART BETWEEN METHOD, STRATEGY AND TECHNIQUE
 BY: Diana Jamioy Muñoz
METHOD STRATEGY TECHNIQUE
It involves a set of actions that can
be followed in a given situation.
Refers to how the answers to the
questions asked in Teaching
Approaches are applied to your day-
to-day instruction in front of your
students.
It's how you plan to do something.
 Require some kind of planning.
 Action plan designed to achieve
an overall goal.
It is a procedure or ability to
complete a specific task. If a
classroom is distracting, a teacher
can use the technique to use quick
physical activity to distract his
distraction and make everyone do
the same at the same time.
 They are the little sneaky tricks we
all know and use to do the work in
the classroom.

20. MATES FEEDBACK
 COMMENTS BY: Yenifer Benavides Bravo
Hello Dany
The text is interesting because speak the Amish Group, over their origins and habit
in the time.
Yeny
 classmates
I think that the paragraphs are interesting and complete and organized, I consider
it important to begin in the elaboration of collaborative work with information
that we set.
Remember that just, we have 2 days from create the presentation solicited.
Have a nice night
Yeny

21. COMMENTS BY: Pedro Julián Amaya
Hello Yenifer
I read your contribution and it is evident you had to used different types of techniques especially DTT (Direct Translation
Technique) which might be highly required for this type of text as well as OTT (Oblique Translation Technique) due that this text
demands transposition, modulation and adaptation in some cases. Great Job
Pedro Julián
Regards
Hello Dany
Reading your word file specially the chart is well explained the differences between method, strategy and technique. It´s
interesting your point of view. I think it is not easy to acquire the skills for a good translation but with time and practice anything is
possible. There are different techniques that are used for this which are available online and are good tools to help us
understand better.
Kindly
Pedro Julián
Hello again classmates
As we know to translate is important to know the text, interact with information and thus recognize what is the most appropriate
word or expression when we’re translating language. I had to read a little more about the subject, relate to the place, where it
was located, among other things to use the right words.
However, one of the biggest challenges undoubtedly was the lack of vocabulary. While some ideas are translated into Spanish
at the same, some do not. So I had to look for synonyms that I think were better to use, but always with the question in mind of
whether my perspective was correct. As in certain Spanish words have quite synonymous, but some of them are rather informal
and others quite formal, find the exact word has been a challenge.
In addition, proper names are also a complicated issue. I had to check again and again. Still, after these difficulties I am
satisfied with the work achieved and the amount of knowledge.
Have a great night
Pedro Julián