This document provides vocabulary terms related to transportation, dreams, and means of travel. It includes terms such as "jetpack", "lift off the ground", "traffic jam", and "stay in the air". The document also covers vocabulary for reading topics like coal, solar panels, windmills, and renewable energy. Additional terms cover language focus, vocabulary and listening, speaking, writing, and culture related to transportation, travel, aviation and more. The document aims to expand one's English vocabulary across various topics.

1. UNIT 8: I BELIEVE I CAN FLY
I. VOCABULARY
1. means of transport /miːnz ə ˈtrænspɔːt/ (phr.n): phương tiện giao thông
2. dream of / driːm ɒv / (phr.v): mơ ước
3. economical /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl/ (adj): tiết kiệm
4. jetpack /ˈdʒetpæk (n): bộ phản lực
5. lift off the ground /lɪft ɛs.əʊ ɒf ðə graʊnd / (phr.v): nâng ai đó lên khỏi mặt đất
6. policeman /pəˈliːsmən/ (n): cảnh sát
7. traffic jam /'træfɪk dʒæm/ (phr.n): kẹt xe
8. stay in the air / steɪ ɪn ði eə/ (phr.v): ở trên không
9. amphibious /æmˈfɪbiəs/ (adj): sống được cả trên bờ và dưới nước, lưỡng cư
10. canal /kəˈnæl/ (n): kênh rạch
11. tunnel /ˈtʌnl/ (n): đường hầm
12. spacious /ˈspeɪʃəs/ (adj): rộng rãi
13. self-driving /ˌself ˈdraɪvɪŋ/ (n): xe ô tô tự lái
II. READING
1. coal /kəʊl/ (n): than đá
2. fossil fuel /ˈfɒsl fjʊəl/ (n): nhiên liệu hóa thạch
3. lossless /ˈlɒsləs/ (n): sự mất mát
4. solar panel /ˈsəʊlə ˈpænl/ (n): tấm thu năng lượng mặt trời
5. renewable /rɪˈnjuːəbl/ (adj): có thể tái tạo
6. explorer /ɪkˈsplɔːrə(r)/ (n): nhà thám hiểm
7. windmill /ˈwɪndmɪl/ (n): cối xay gió
8. wind turbine /wɪnd ˈtɜːbɪn/ (n): tua bin gió
9. generate /ˈdʒenəreɪt/ (v): tạo ra
III. LANGUAGE FOCUS
1. electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ (n): điện
2. limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ (adj): hạn chế
3. plumber /ˈplʌmə(r)/ (n): thợ sửa ống nước
4. cyclist /ˈsaɪklɪst/ (n): người đi xe đạp
5. timber /ˈtɪmbə(r)/ (n): gỗ
IV. VOCABULARY AND LISTENING
1. fly /flaɪ/ (v): bay
2. mausoleum /ˌmɔːzəˈliːəm/(n) (n): lăng, lăng tẩm
3. departure board /dɪˈpɑːʧər bɔːd /(phr.n): bảng khởi hành
4. shuttle /ˈʃʌtl/ (n): xe đưa đón
5. gate /ɡeɪt/ (n): cổng
6. tie /taɪ/ (n): cà vạt
7. mask /mɑːsk/ (n): khẩu trang
8. ride a motorbike /raɪd ə ˈməʊtəˌbaɪk / (phr.v): đi xe máy
9. gasoline /ˈɡæsəliːn/ (n): xăng
10. gas station / gæs ˈsteɪʃən/ (n): trạm xăng
11. replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ (v): thay thế
V. SPEAKING
1. check-in / ʧɛk-ɪn / (n): thủ tục vào khách sạn
2. suitcase /ˈsuːtkeɪs/ (n): va li
3. scale /skeɪl/ (n): cái cân
4. luggage /ˈlʌɡɪdʒ/ (n): hành lý

2. 5. boarding pass /ˈbɔːdɪŋ pɑːs/ (n): vé máy bay
6. handbag /ˈhændbæɡ/ (n): túi xách
7. passport /ˈpɑːspɔːt/ (n): hộ chiếu
8. aisle seat / aɪl siːt/ (n): chỗ ngồi gần lối đi
VI. WRITING
1. narrative /ˈnærətɪv/ (adj): tường thuật
2. skier /ˈskiːə(r)/ (n): người trượt tuyết
3. accident /ˈæksɪdənt/ (n): tai nạn
4. break sb's leg /breɪk ɛs.əʊ lɛg/ (phr.v): gãy chân
5. hit /hɪt/ (v): đụng
6. helicopter /'helikɒptə[r]/ (n): máy bay trực thăng
7. operation /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ (n): cuộc phẫu thuật
8. take care / teɪk keə/ (phr.v): Bảo trọng
9. sprain /spreɪn/ (v): bong gân
10. bruise /bruːz/ (n): vết thâm tím
11. glasses /ɡlɑːsiz/ (n): kính
VII. CULTURE
1. aviation /ˌeɪviˈeɪʃn/ (n): ngành hàng không
2. aircraft /ˈeəkrɑːft/ (n): máy bay
3. come up with /kʌm/ /ʌp/ /wɪð/ (phr.v): chế tạo ra
4. passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/ (n): hành khách
5. schedule /ˈʃedjuːl/ (n): lịch trình
6. innovation /ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/ (n): cải tiến
7. affordable /əˈfɔːdəbl/ (adj): giá cả phải chăng
8. take off /ˈteɪk ɒf/ (phr.v): cất cánh
9. go on holiday /gəʊ ɒn ˈhɒlədeɪ/ (phr.v): đi nghỉ mát
10. fare /feə(r)/ (n): giá vé
11. ride a roller coaster /raɪd ɒn ə ˈrəʊlə ˈkəʊstə/ (n): tàu lượn siêu tốc
Grammar
PHẦN I. LÝ THUYẾT

3. 1. Liên từ kết hợp là gì?
Liên từ kết hợp (Coordinating conjunctions)
And Nor But Or Yet So
2. Chức năng
*Nối 2 từ trong câu:
Ví dụ: a mouse and a cat (một con chuột và một con mèo) ⇒ cùng là danh từ
She is nice but old (cô ấy đẹp nhưng già) ⇒ cùng là tính từ
Lưu ý: các từ phải giống nhau về bản chất (cùng là danh từ hoặc cùng là động từ, trạng từ,…)
*Nối 2 cụm từ:
Ví dụ: once a week or twice a week (1 lần 1 tuần hay 2 lần 1 tuần)
*Nối 2 mệnh đề:
Ví dụ: My mother likes cat but I hate cat. (Mẹ tôi thích mèo nhưng tôi ghét chúng).
3. Phân loại
*For: dùng để giải thích lý do hoặc mục đích
Ví dụ: I’m going to school tomorrow, for the subject is very important. (Tôi sẽ đến trường vào ngày mai, vì môn
học đó rất quan trọng).
*And: thêm/bổ sung thêm 1 thứ vào 1 thứ khác

4. Ví dụ: She can play guitar and sing well. (Cô ấy có thể chơi ghi-ta và hát hay)
*Nor: dùng để bổ sung 1 ý phủ định vào ý phủ định đã nêu trước đó.
Ví dụ: I won’t eat meat nor fish. (Tôi sẽ không ăn thịt và cá nữa)
*But: Dùng để diễn tả sự đối lập, trái nghĩa
Ví dụ: I love him but I don’t want him to know. (Tôi yêu anh ấy nhưng tôi không muốn anh ấy biết.)
*Or: dùng để trình bày thêm 1 lựa chọn khác
Ví dụ: Do you want to eat pizza or noodle? (Bạn muốn ăn pizza hay mì?)
*Yet: dùng để diễn tả một ý khác trái ngược với ý trước đó (tương tự “but”)
Ví dụ: Jane is less talkative yet she is very kind. (Jane ít nói nhưng cô ấy là rất tốt)
*So: dùng để nói về một kết quả hoặc một ảnh hưởng của hành động/sự việc diễn ra trước đó.
Ví dụ: I did all homework so I am confident. (Tôi đã làm hết tất cả bài tập về nhà cho nên tôi rất tự tin)
CONNECTIVES: AND, BUT, BECAUSE, OR, SO, THEREFORE, HOWEVER
CÁC TỪ NỐI: VÀ, NHƯNG, BỞI VÌ, HOẶC, CHO NÊN, DO ĐÓ, TUY NHIÊN
Connectives (các từ nối): and, but, because, or, so, therefore, however có chức năng nối các từ, các mệnh đề,
các câu lại với nhau.
1. And (và): dùng để thêm thông tin vào câu nói
EX: My hobbies are playing soccer and listening to music.
2. But (nhưng): dùng để nêu lên hai thông tin đối ngược nhau
EX; I want other car but I have no money.
3. Or (hoặc): dùng để giới thiệu một khả năng khác
EX: Would you like tea or coffee?
4. So (do đó, cho nên, vì vậy): dùng để chỉ kết quả, hệ quả, phía trước so luôn có dấu phẩy ngăn cách
EX: It’s raining, so I’ll stay home and read.
5. Because (bởi vì): dùng để chỉ nguyên nhân, luôn đứng trước mệnh đề phụ thuộc
EX: I failed in my exam because I didn’t study.
6. Therefore (do đó, cho nên): dùng để nêu lên kết quả của sự việc được nhắc đến trong câu trước đó
EX: I passed the test; therefore, my parents took me to the circus.
7. However (tuy nhiên): dùng để giới thiệu một sự việc có ý nghĩa trái ngược với sự việc được nhắc trước đó
EX: I feel sleepy, however, I must finish the report.
8, Although (mặc dù): dùng để liên kết hai vế của câu biểu thị hai hành động đối ngược nhau về mặt logic, chỉ
sự nhượng bộ. Ví dụ: I failed the exam although I studied hard.
MỘT SỐ CÁCH DÙNG CỤ THỂ
1. Cách dùng so
SO là liên từ chỉ kết quả, mang ý tức là “vì thế, cho nên”. Mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng SO là mệnh đề chỉ kết quả, SO
thường đứng ở giữa câu và không bị ngăn cách bởi dấu phẩy.
Ví dụ:
● She studied very hard so she passed the exam. (Cô ấy học rất chăm chỉ do vậy mà cô ấy đã vượt qua bài
kiểm tra)
● I was tired so I couldn’t go to school today. (Tôi rất mệt vì thế tôi chẳng thể đến trường ngày hôm nay)
Lưu ý: Có thể sử dụng mệnh đề bắt đầu bằng động từ nguyên thể không TO ngay sau liên từ SO
Ví dụ: The glass of milk is very hot so please be careful with them (Cốc sữa rất nóng do vậy hãy tỷ mỉ với nó)
2. Cách dùng BUT
But: nhưng, nhưng mà
● But sử dụng để thể hiện sự tương phản hoàn toàn dưới lời nói. Hay nói cách, giữa 2 sự việc/hành động
đối nghịch nhau thì dùng But để diễn tả.

5. Ex:
● I want to go to the Lan’s birthday party, but I am very busy.
● I want to go to the Lan’s birthday party, but I am very busy.
Trong tình huống trên có 2 sự việc là “muốn đến sinh nhật ” và “rất bận” trái ngược nhau. Cho dù rất muốn đến
sinh nhật nhưng người nói lại bận công việc hay vấn đề gì đó chẳng thể có mặt ở bữa tiệc sinh nhật. Vì vậy,
ta sử dụng But để diễn tả điều đó.
● Vị trí: But thường đứng giữa câu, ngăn cách bởi dấu phẩy tại phía trước. Tuy nhiên, But không đầu
bảng câu.
Ex: She is very thirsty , but she doesn’t want to drink anything.
(Cô ấy rất khát nhưng cô ấy không muốn uống bất kỳ thứ gì)
Cho dù khát nước người nói lại không muốn uống thứ gì. Đây là hai hành động trái ngược nhau vì khát cần
uống nước thì tại đây người nói lại không muốn uống. Do đó, câu này ta sử dụng But tại giữa câu để ngăn cách
2 sự việc cũng như trước but phải có dấu phẩy.
Incorrect: She is very thirsty. But she doesn’t want to drink anything.
But = Except: trừ, trừ ra
● But mang nghĩa trừ, trừ ra khi xếp sau một số từ as all, everything/nothing, everyone/no one,
everybody/nobody
Ex: Everyone but her husband has still waited.
(Tất cả mọi người trừ chồng cô ấy vẫn đợi)
Ở đây, trừ chồng cô ấy ra thì toàn bộ mọi người vẫn đợi. Trong câu có từ Everyone cần phải ta dùng But.
But for + reason
● Vì 1 nguyên nhân nào đó mà sự việc, hành động đã không xảy ra.
Ex: But for the traffic, I didn’t come.
(Vì tắc đường, tôi đã không đến)
“the traffic” là nguyên nhân khiến người nói chẳng thể đến được. Thay vì sử dụng Because of thì ta có thể sử
dụng But for thay thế.
3. Cách dùng HOWEVER
HOWEVER có tức là tuy nhiên. Tuy vậy, HOWEVER được dùng để chỉ sự tương phản, đối lập giữa hai mệnh
đề.
HOWEVER được tách ra bởi một dấu phẩy nếu nó đứng tại đầu câu hay cuối câu và sẽ tọa lạc giữa hai dấu
phẩy nếu nó nằm tại giữa 2 câu.
Ví dụ:
● I studied very hard. However, I failed the exam. (Tôi đã học hành rất chăm chỉ, tuy nhiên, tôi vẫn trượt
bài kiểm tra)
● She ran so fast. She missed the bus, however (Cô ấy chạy rất nhanh tuy vậy cô ấy vẫn lỡ chuyến xe buýt)
● They played well, however, they still lost the game (Họ chơi rất hay tuy nhiên họ vẫn là các người thua
cuộc)
Bên cạnh đó, ngoài ý tức là liên từ, HOWEVER còn được dùng như trạng từ chỉ mức độ, nó đi liền trước tính từ
hoặc trạng từ của nó.
Ví dụ: She couldn’t get 9 points in the final exam, however hard she studied (Cô ấy chẳng thể đạt được 9
điểm dưới bài thi cuối kì cho dù cô ấy học hành chăm chỉ đến đâu).
4. Cách dùng THEREFORE
Therefore: do đó, cho nên, vì thế
Therefore là một từ nối dùng để chỉ lý do và tác động của sự việc, hành động.
Ex: Windy studied hard for the Math test. Therefore , he got an A+.
(Windy đã học hành chăm chỉ cho bài rà soát Toán. Vì vậy, anh ấy đã đạt được điểm A +
)
➔Với lý do là “học hành chăm chỉ” cần phải tác động từ việc này là “đạt được điểm A +
”. Ta sử
dụng Therefore để nói lên việc này.

6. Therefore có 2 vị trí như sau:
5.Cách dùng THEREFORE
● Therefore nằm tại đầu câu, tiếp đó có dấu phẩy
Ex: The weather was very hot. Therefore, Linda wore a T-shirt to school.
(Thời tiết rất nóng. Vì vậy, Linda đã mặc 1 dòng áo phông đi học)
● Therefore đứng giữa câu và trước đó có dấu chấm phẩy, phía sau là dấu phẩy hoặc không có, hay có dấu
phẩy cả trước và sau.
Ex: Bin wants to lose weight; therefore, he refuses to eat anything made of carbs.
(Bin muốn giảm cân; cho nên, anh ấy từ chối ăn bất luôn thứ gì từ cacbon – hydrat)
Note: Therefore trang trọng hơn, thường dùng trong văn viết.
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG 1
Bài tập 1: Điền từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống:
1. He drinks … beer … wine.
2. I’m going out for a short time,… you can get supper ready.
3. Those who are not prepared to study should… change their ways… make room for those who will work.
4. She can’t hope to pass the exam in December … she’ll have to wait till June.
5. He is very seriously ill,… doctors have almost give up hope of his recovery.
6. They go to concerts of modern music … they really like it.
7. … I do not like him very much, I can appreciate his qualities.
8. Find out … they are going this evening … ask if we may them.
9. … I walked into the room, the phone started ringing.
10. We’ll be late … we hurry
Bài tập 2: Viết lại câu sau bằng cách sử dụng liên từ phụ thuộc.
1. Nam will pass the exam. He studies hard.
2. Mary came to class late. Her motorbike had puncture.
3. Her mother was very sick. She couldn’t come to class.
4. Tom was very lazy. He passed the final examination as well.
5. Daisy is very nice. All her friends love her very much.
6. Daisy is a very intelligent girl. She always gets the scholarships.
7. We will take the trip. It is stormy.
8. I had forgot locking the door. I drove to the office this morning.
9. We study hard. We want to pass the final examination.
10. She earned her living by selling newspapers. She got a B.A degree.
Bài tập 3: Viết lại câu sau bằng cách sử dụng những từ gợi ý
1. She is in London. She is in Berlin, too. (either … or)
2. He wasn’t an idler. He wasn’t a gambler. (neither … nor)
3. He isn’t likely to be present at the meeting. I’m not either. (neither … nor)
4. The computer can gather facts. It can store them. (not only … but also)
5. This prize will mean an honour for him. It will mean an honour for us. (not only … but also)
Bài tập 4: Điền vào chỗ trống bằng cách sử dụng những từ sau: although, and, because, but, or, since, so,
unless, until, when.

7. 1. Things were different …………… I was young.
2. I do it …………… I like it.
3. Let us wait here …………… the rain stops.
4. You cannot be a lawyer …………you have a law degree.
5. She has not called …………… she left last week.
6. I saw him leaving an hour ……………. two ago.
7. This is an expensive ………… very useful book.
8. We were getting tired …………… we stopped for a rest.
9. He was angry …………. he heard when happened.
10. Walk quickly …………. you will be late.
11. He had to retire …………… of ill health.
12. We will go swimming next Sunday …………… it’s raining.
13. I heard a noise ………… I turned the light on.
14. Would you like a coffee …………… tea?
Bài tập 5: Viết lại những câu sau đây dùng liên từ thích hợp.
1. We know him. We know his friends.
2. The coat was soft. The coat was warm.
3. It is stupid to do that. It is quite unnecessary.
4. I wanted to go. He wanted to stay.
5. Your arguments are strong. They don’t convince me.
6. You can go there by bus. You can go there by train.
7. I was feeling tired. I went to bed when I got home.
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG 2
Task 1. Chọn đáp án đúng
1. Deserts are harsh and dry, ________ many plants growthere.
A. For B. So C. Yet
2. Pat looked at the antique rocker, ________ she couldn’t afford to buy it.
A. And B. But C. Or
3. Constance might go to the library, ________ she might stay home.
A. But B. So C. Nor
4. Sue jogs every day, _______ she wants to stay in shape.
A. But B. Yet C. For
5. His shoes are worn, _______ he has no socks.
A. For B. So C. Or
Task 2. Chọn đáp án đúng
1. Guy is a contractor, _______ he knows the construction business.
A. So B. And C. But
2. Bill went to work, _______ he didn’t punch in.
A. Or B. But C. So
3. My brother is in the play, _______ I want to attend the first performance.
A. Or B. So C. For
4. Annette couldn’t go, ________ she was tired.
A. Nor B. Yet C. For
5. Your niece and I went out to lunch, ________ we both ordered fish.
A. And B. Or C. Yet
Task 3. Hoàn thành câu bằng cách sử dụng các liên từ kết hợp có trong ngoặc
1. My car has a radio _________ a CD player. (but, or, and)
2. Sharon hates to listen to rap music, _______ will she tolerate heavy metal. (but, nor, or)

8. 3. Carol wanted to drive to Colorado, _________ Bill insisted that they fly. (and, or, but)
4. Carol wanted to drive to Colorado, _________ Bill insisted that they fly. (and, or, but)
5. I have to be on time, _________ my boss will be annoyed if I’m late. (and, nor, for)
Task 4. Hoàn thành câu bằng cách sử dụng các liên từ kết hợp có trong ngoặc
1. Do you like chocolate _________ vanilla ice cream better? (or, nor, and)
2. I have to go to work at six, _________ I’m waking up at four. (but, so, yet)
3. I was on time, _________ everyone else was late. (so, but, for)
4. Nadia doesn’t like to drive, _________ she takes the bus everywhere. (but, yet, so)
5. Our trip to the museum was interesting, _________ there were several new artifacts on display. (but, for, yet)
Task 5. Chọn đáp án đúng nhất điền vào chỗ trống ở mỗi câu sau.
1. He got wet_______ he forgot his umbrella.
A. because of B. because C. but D. and
2. He stops working _______ heavy raining.
A. in spite of B. although C. despite D. because of
3. They have a lot of difficulties in their life _______ their poverty.
A. in spite of B. although C. because D. because of
4. Tom wakes his parents up_______ playing the guitar very softly.
A. because B. in spite of C. because of D. although
5. Nobody could hear her_______ she spoke too quietly.
A. although B. because C. because of D. in spite of
Task 6. Chọn đáp án đúng nhất điền vào chỗ trống ở mỗi câu sau.
1. We decided to leave early _______the party was boring.
A. although B. despite C. because D. because of
2. Many people believe him__________ he often tells a lie.
A. because B. in spite of C. although D. because of
3. _______she was very hard working; she hardly earned enough to feed her family.
A. In spite of B. Because C. Because of D. Although
4. _______her absence from class yesterday, she couldn’t understand the lesson.
A. Although B. In spite of C. Because of D. Because
5. ______her poorness, she feels happy.
A. Although B. Because C. If D. In spite of
Task 7. Điền một liên từ thích hợp vào chỗ trống
The person that I gave it to was a very good friend of mine at the time. His name was Kaliya (1)__________ he
came from India. I knew him (2)_________ we studied together at a language school in Cambridge.
(3)____________ we were from different backgrounds and cultures, we got on really well and we had the same
sense of humor (4)___________ we became very good friends.
The present was a picture that had been painted of the River Cam in Cambridge. It was not so big - maybe around
10 inches by 14 inches, but it was very beautiful. It came in a gold plated frame and the picture had been drawn
by a particularly well-known Cambridge artist. It had been signed by this person as well.
It’s the first time I have given this person a present, and I guess it’s quite different from presents (5)_________
I have given to other people before – I don’t recall ever giving someone a picture actually. If I’m buying for
family then I’ll usually buy clothes or maybe some jewelry if it is a special occasion. Normally when I’ve bought
something for friends it’s something more jokey so we can have a laugh about it, nothing that serious.
The reason (6)_________ I decided to give this particular gift is because we had spent a lot of time together in
Cambridge and we had had some really fun times punting on the River Cam – that’s obviously why I thought
this was an appropriate present. We used to go punting at least once a week, sometimes a couple of times. On
one occasion there was a group of about ten of us that went down there, and we spent the whole day sitting by
the river in the sun (7)__________ as usual we went on a boat trip together. We all have a lot of photos to remind
us of this great day.

9. So my friend, Kaaliya, is the person that I gave a present to and this was because I felt it would always remind
him of the fun times that we had and also of Cambridge.
Task 8. Mỗi câu sau chứa một lỗi sai, hãy tìm và sửa chúng
1. Because of feeling very tired, John couldn’t sleep.
2. Though Tom was ill, he couldn’t take part in his little sister’s birthday party.
3. Before she was washing the dishes, her parents came home.
4. “Bring an umbrella with you although it rains”, my mom told me.
5. I had to wait for him in front of his house because of 9 p.m.
6. That was the reason when they didn’t want to come back to their hometown.
7. I am sure they are going to succeed so their difficulties.
Task 9. Chọn đáp án đúng.
1. She's not only beautiful_________ intelligent.
a. but also b. but
c. however d. yet
2. I was very tired, ________ I determined to walk on to the next village.
a. therefore b. however
c. and d. or
3. You can come here either on Monday__________ on Friday.
a. or b. nor
c. both d. and
4. He had to act immediately; ________ he would have been too late.
a. consequently b. nevertheless
c. still d. otherwise
5. They said both he_________ I were to come.
a. and b. but
c. or d. so
Task 10. Chọn đáp án đúng
1. Bill is in class 12, _______ John, who is a year older, is only in class 4.
a. and b. whereas
c. either d. nevertheless
2. You must leave at once, ________ you miss the train.
a. however b. yet
c. still d. otherwise
3. You need to get some job retraining. _______ it, you risk being laid off.
a. If so b. If not
c. With d. Without
4. Could I have rice_______ potatoes, please?
a. but b. but also
c. instead d. instead of
5. _______His denial, we knew that he was guilty.
a. Despite b. In spite
c. Because d. And
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG 3
Exercise: Add so, but, therefore, however where appropriate.
1. The wind was howling outside, _____it was warm and comfortable indoor.
2. The highway was under construction, _____we had to take a different route to work.
3. You could fly via Singapore; _____, this isn’t the only way.
4. There is still much to discuss. We shall, _____, return to this item at our next meeting.
5. It isn’t that he lied exactly, _____he did tend to exaggerate.
6. Athought the plane would be delayed; _____, I bought a lot of magazines to read.

10. 7. Jackson was going to study all night, _____ he declined our invitation to dinner.
8. We thought the figures were correct. _____, we have now discovered some errors.
9. Cars have become more complicated. ______, mechanics need more training than in the past.
10. We arrived at the theater late. _______, the play had not yet begun. We were quite surprised.
11. Prices have been rising. It is unlikely, _____,that this increase will continue.
12. The bread was old and stale, _____Martha ate it anyway.
13. The holiday had been a complete disaster. We, _____decide to fly home early if we could.
14. He failed the exam, _____ he had to do the job he didn’t like.
15. They hoped to climb the mountain by August. _______bad weather could be a hindrance.
16. This is the shortest way to the city center; _____ it is not the only way
17. The boy was able to learn English, _____ he is very lazy.
18. He didn’t attend the lesson, _____ he could not do his homework.
19. The rice is 6000 dong per kilo, _____ we bought 10 kilos.
20. Your son is heading to the right direction; _____, I think you should encourage him to learn harder.
21. It is very late now, _____ she is still at her office.
22. It was midnight, _____ they closed the restaurant and went home.
23. They visited many stores; ___________, they could not find what they were looking for.
24. We discussed the issue all day, _____ we could not come to a final conclusion.
25. It started to rain hard; _____we decided to stay at home to watch TV.
26. The sun was warm, ____________ a cool breeze blew in from the sea.
27. I have read this book before; ____________, I do not remember the plot.
28. We opened the window, ____________ fresh air would blow into the room.
29. The bus fare is expensive; ____________, I prefer to walk.
30. I wanted to study. _____, I was too tired.
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG 4
1) You should keep the milk in the refrigerator_____________ it doesn’t go bad.
A. since B. so that C. because D. after
2) You should say goodbye to your brother _____________ you leave for Europe.
A. despite B. after C. since D. before
3) The class discussion was short;_____________, we gained some knowlegde from it.
A. however B. moreover C. although D. therefore
4) The undergone is cheap;_____________, it’s faster than the train.
A. however B. moreover C. but D. so
5) _____________ you study harder, you won’t win the scholarship.
A. Unless B. Because C. If D. In order that
6) The countrytside air is fresh,________________, it’s not polluted.
A. however B. whenever C. moreover D. beside
7) ________________ she spoke slowly, I don’t understand her.
A. Since B. Although C. If D. As
8) We will wait her ____________ he comes back.
A. while B. until C. since D. for
9) Our teacher explained the lesson slowly ______________ we might understand him.
A. and B. so that C. if not D. or
10) _____________ it rained heavily, we went to school on time.
A. Even though B. Despite C. Because D. Though not
11) Our visit to Japan was delayed___________ my wife’s illness.
A. because B. because of C. thanks to D. although
12) __________ he goes to the theatre with me, I shall go alone.
A. because of B. because C. unless D. when
13) He tries his best to work hard ______________ help her family get over the difficulties.

11. A. so as that B. in order that C. in order to D. so as not to
14) We moved to the front row _____________ we could hear and see better.
A. so as that B. because C. although D. so that
15) I made a mistake ____________ I was tired after the work.
A. though B. so that C. because D. if
16) Minh had a terrible headache. __________________, he still wanted to go to school.
A. Therefore B. But C. However D. Although
17) My sister will take the plane to Singapore______________ she dislikes flying.
A. because B. so that C. therefore D. though
18) My car broke down on the way.____________, when I got the airport, the plane had taken off.
A. Because B. However C. Therefore D. Although
19) His mother was sick._________________, Jane had to stay at home to look after her.
A. But B. However C. So D. Therefore
20) They asked me to wait for them; ____________, he didn’t turn back.
A. but B. however C. so D. therefore
21) Many people still believe him very much __________ he sometimes tell lies.
A. because B. since C. although D. despite
22) They were walking on the street _________ there was an accident.
A. when B. while C. because D. so that
23) __________ the darkness in the room, we couldn’t continue our studying.
A. because of B. since C. although D. in spite of
24) Mary tries to study as hard as possible ___________ she can get the scholaship to study in England.
A. in order to B. so that C. because D. because of
25) She stopped at the post office ___________ she could send the letter to her parents.
A. although B. so as to C. in order that D. despite
26) He didn’t wear warm clothes __________________ the cold weather in winter.
A. because B. although C. because of D. in spite of
27) What had you done ____________ I phoned you?
A. as soon as B. by the time C. after D. while
28) Tom couldn’t get a job _____________ he couldn’t speak English well.
A. because B. although C. because of D. in spite of
29) _____________ he knew the danger of smoking, he couldn’t give it up.
A. Since B. Though C. Because of D. Despite
30) He knew the danger of smoking;______________, he couldn’t give it up.
A. therefore B. but C. however D. although
31) ____________ their poverty in their family, they live happily together everyday.
A. as B. though C. because D. despite
32) He didn’t drink beer _______________ he was really thirsrty.
A. in spite of B. even though C. because D. since
33) We will go without him ____________ he comes here on time.
A. though B. unless C. Because D. If
34) Mike went ot the bank ______________ he cashed his cheque.
A. therefore B. so that C. however D. although
35) The students finish the test well _________________ its difficulties yesterday.
A. therefore B. in spite of C. however D. although
36) She has driven a car _____________ she studied at the university.
A. as soon as B. by the time C. after D. since
37) We started out on the trip ______________ the weather was extremely hot.
A. because B. in spite of C. because of D. although
38) We should wait for her __________ we had much time.

12. A. though B. unless C. because D. if
39) ____________ we had much time, we shouldn’t wait for her
A. Though B. Unless C. Because D. If
40) The food didn’t look appetizing;______________, many people liked enjoying it.
A. therefore B. so that C. however D. although
41) It was already 6p.m, ______________ we closed our office and went home.
A. therefore B. but C. however D. so
42) Ok! you can take Chemistry as your major.______________, you should remember that it is not easy to
learn.
A. Therefore B. But C. However D. Although
43) John succeeded in the exam ______________ his hard and methodical work.
A. because B. in spite of C. because of D. although
44) He didn’t stop his car ___________ the traffic light turned red.
A. because B. in spite of C. because of D. although
45) She didn’t join our programme _________________ she had to take a summer course at the college.
A. so that B.because of C. because D. although
46) She wanted to go to bed early ________________ her bad tiredness.
A. because B. in spite of C. because of D. although
47) _________________ he had to take her mother to the hospital, he still attened our party yesterday.
A. Because B. In spite of C. Because of D. Although
48) ______________ they had read these books, they went out.
A. As soon as B. Before C. After D. Since
49) The students couldn’t do the test ______________ its copmplicated problems.
A. because B. in spite of C. because of D. though
50) ______________ it got dark, they continued working.
A. Because B. In spite of C. Because of D. Even though