2. Objectives
• Explain why Japan decided to attack Pearl
Harbor.
• Describe the attack on Pearl Harbor and how
America immediately responded.
• Outline how the United States mobilized for
war after the attack on Pearl Harbor.
3. Terms and People
• Hideki Tojo − Japanese general and prime minister
during World War II
• Pearl Harbor − site in Hawaii of the United States
Navy’s main Pacific base
• WAC − Women’s Army Corps; volunteer organization
that provided clerical workers, truck drivers, instructors,
and lab technicians for the army
• Embargo- an order of a government prohibiting the
movement of merchant ships into or out of its ports.
• Fleet – a large group of naval ships moving together
4. How did the United States react to the
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor?
A surprise attack on the American
naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii,
ended the debate between
isolationists and interventionists.
The United States was going to war.
5. Tensions mounted as Japan continued its march
into new lands, gaining territory and valuable
natural resources.
Angered by
Roosevelt condemned
American
Japanese aggression.
interference, Prime
Minister Hideki Tojo
He worked to slow
decided it was time
Japan’s expansion
to eliminate the U.S.
with an embargo.
presence in the
Pacific.
7. Negotiations
September 6, 1941
Japanese leaders had meeting; if US would not lift
embargo in two months they would attack
Planned to attack:
Dutch Controlled Indies
British controlled Malaya
American Controlled Philippines
Pearl Harbor
Letter from Roosevelt 12/6
8. On December 7, 1941, Japanese fighter
pilots attacked the American naval base at
Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
9. December 7, 1941
People saw the Japanese coming but thought nothing
of it
Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor in two waves of
attack;
Wave 1: 7:55 a.m. Hawaiian Time
Wave 2: 8:50 a.m. Hawaiian Time
Japanese had 6 carriers, around 420 Planes
183 took charge of the first wave of attacks
10.
11.
12. Damage at Pearl Harbor
The United
States
suffered
terrible
losses.
13. Aftermath
The attack was a great, but not total, success.
Because….
U.S. Pacific Fleet was shattered, buts its aircraft carriers
(not in port at the time of the attack) were still afloat
and Pearl Harbor was surprisingly intact.
The fuel storage areas, and submarine base suffered no
more than slight damage.
More importantly, the American people rallied together
with a total commitment to victory over Japan and her
Axis partners.
14. Summary of Losses
United States
19 Ships Japan
8 Battleships
164 Planes destroyed
159 Damaged
2,343 Navy, Army, Marines
1,998Navy
109 Marines 350 Planes involved:
236 Army/Army Air Corp 29 Aircrafts destroyed
Over 1,100 wounded 5 Submarines
48 Civilians killed 185 Casualties
1,178 Americans Wounded 64 Japanese Killed
15. Telegraph Report
“Brilliant success was achieved
for our country through the
From: Adm. Nagumo
splendid efforts of you men.
But we still have a great way
To: Pearl Harbor
to go. After this victory we
must tighten the straps of our
Attack Force Date: 7
Dec. 1941
helmets and go onward,
determined to continue our
fight until the final goal has
been won.”
16. After the Japan’s allies,
attack, the Germany and
United States Italy, then
declared war declared war
on Japan. on the United
States.
17. A wave of patriotism swept the United States
following the attack.
• Americans joined the military, the Red
Cross, and other organizations.
• Women responded by joining the Women’s
Army Corps, Army Nurse Corps, and other
military auxiliaries.
• Americans took new jobs making weapons
and supplies that supported the war effort.
18. The peacetime
economy soon
shifted to a
wartime
economy.
Companies that
once produced
consumer goods
mobilized to build
ships, planes, and
tanks.
20. In 1944, American production levels were double those
of all the Axis nations combined.
This “production miracle” gave the Allies a crucial
advantage.
22. National Geographic
Use National Geographic's Interactive Pearl Harbor Website in order to fill in the timeline
provided. You may use colored pencil or marker to fill out the waves of attack.
Once on the site, click multimedia map and timeline. Read through the into, then press
begin.
When you click on a specific time of day, you may need to click "Full Story" to access more
information.
