The Affordable Care Act fundamentally changed the landscape of the U.S. health care system. With more than five years since the law’s passage, questions remain about how to fix a system that remains broken despite recent reform efforts. Did the Affordable Care Act adequately reform a failing health system, or did that prescription only treat the symptoms of a much larger illness?
Economic Impact on Minnesota's Health Care Delivery Systemsoder145
Presentation by Lynn Blewett to the Minnesota State Legislature at a joint meeting of the health care and human services finance and policy committees in Saint Paul, MN, February 10 2009.
Health Reform in America: An Overview of the Patient Protection and Affordabl...Adam Dougherty
A lecture to the UC Davis School of Medicine community covering the basics of the health reform law passed in early 2010. Presented by Adam Dougherty, MPH, MS1
Assessing U.S. and International Experience with Health Reform and Implications for the Future by W. David Helms, Ph.D, President and CEO, Academy Health
Who is impacted by the coverage gap in states that have not adopted the medic...KFF
This slideshow examines the poor uninsured adults in the coverage gap in states that have not expanded Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and shows who is affected by the gap. Updated November 2016.
Economic Impact on Minnesota's Health Care Delivery Systemsoder145
Presentation by Lynn Blewett to the Minnesota State Legislature at a joint meeting of the health care and human services finance and policy committees in Saint Paul, MN, February 10 2009.
Health Reform in America: An Overview of the Patient Protection and Affordabl...Adam Dougherty
A lecture to the UC Davis School of Medicine community covering the basics of the health reform law passed in early 2010. Presented by Adam Dougherty, MPH, MS1
Assessing U.S. and International Experience with Health Reform and Implications for the Future by W. David Helms, Ph.D, President and CEO, Academy Health
Who is impacted by the coverage gap in states that have not adopted the medic...KFF
This slideshow examines the poor uninsured adults in the coverage gap in states that have not expanded Medicaid under the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and shows who is affected by the gap. Updated November 2016.
Eugene Steuerle: "Will the Silver Tsunami Send Medicare into the Red?," 12.17.15reportingonhealth
Eugene Steuerle's slides from the Center for Health Journalism webinar "Will the Silver Tsunami Send Medicare into the Red?" 12.17.15
http://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/content/will-silver-tsunami-send-medicare-red
Kathleen Nolan: "Medicaid Undone? Covering the Safety Net’s New Future" 7.26.17reportingonhealth
Kathleen Nolan's slides from the Center for Health Journalism webinar, "Medicaid Undone? Covering the Safety Net’s New Future," 7.26.17
More info: https://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/content/medicaid-undone-covering-safety-nets-new-future
Meghan Hoyer: "Will the Silver Tsunami Send Medicare into the Red?" 12.17.15reportingonhealth
Meghan Hoyer's slides from the Center for Health Journalism webinar "Will the Silver Tsunami Send Medicare into the Red?" 12.17.15
http://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/content/will-silver-tsunami-send-medicare-red
“Dual eligibles” are low-income individuals who qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid. This DataBrief describes the pathways through which dual eligibles access assistance with Medicare premiums and cost-sharing.
Despite occasional ‘discovery pieces’ the biomedical literature in English has been almost entirely silent on the Cuban experience and US
government policy temporarily forbade publication of articles from Cuba by US journals or their foreign subsidiaries.
The unwillingness to take account of the Cuban experience, or to even view it as an alternative route through which some societies can move toward the universal goal of health promotion, represents an important oversight. The achievements in Cuba thereby pose a challenge to the authority of the biomedical community in countries that define the scientific agenda.
Katherine Hempstead: "Left in Limbo: Obamacare’s Shaky Insurance Exchanges" 6...reportingonhealth
Katherine Hempstead's slides from the Center for Health Journalism webinar, "Left in Limbo: Obamacare’s Shaky Insurance Exchanges," 6.7.17
More info: https://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/content/left-limbo-obamacares-shaky-insurance-exchanges
Edwin Park: "Medicaid Undone? Covering the Safety Net’s New Future" 7.26.17reportingonhealth
Edwin Park's slides from the Center for Health Journalism webinar, "Medicaid Undone? Covering the Safety Net’s New Future," 7.26.17
More info: https://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/content/medicaid-undone-covering-safety-nets-new-future
Running head THE DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY FOR MEDICAID .docxtoltonkendal
Running head: THE DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY FOR MEDICAID 1
THE DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY FOR MEDICAID 6
The Determination of Eligibility for Medicaid
Tiffany Williams
The Determination of Eligibility for Medicaid
Introduction
The social health care program, Medicaid is aimed at providing health care services to the needy and those with disabilities in the United States. The Act should provide the state with the way forward or criteria to be followed in selecting the people who are to benefit from the social health program. However, over time, it has not been clear to every American citizen as to which criteria should be used in determining the needy in the society. In particular, it has been challenging on selecting the eligible citizens for the program with a focus on the level of income and the level of expenditure. For instance, the issue of “spend down” periods has posed a lot of difficulties in determining the eligibility for Medicaid. A way great issue regarding the funding, expansion, and determination of eligibility for Medicaid includes the requirement by the Supreme Court in the United States for regions such as Massachusetts to contribute the six months’ excess income towards medical expenditure before the Medicaid coverage program begins in such regions. This paper seeks to explain the issue of Medicaid coverage and the eligibility of the different level of community members. It also explores the level of government affected by the issue as well as the analysis of the eligibility of Medicaid.
Economic Issue
The social health program (Medicaid) requires adequate funding in order to cover effectively a large and needy population. While it would be more beneficial to expand the program to the other categories of people in the society such as those with disabilities, there should be constant and enough supply of funds both from the government and the good wishers such as donors to help reach out every needy member of the society. Inadequate funding is an issue since there is a large percentage of people who need medical assistance and cannot afford it unless they get subsidized medical health care or fully assisted by programs such as the Medicaid (Ford, Spicer, & Institute of Medicine (U.S.), 2012).
Coupled with the low income of most of the society members, it is clear and evident enough that the majority of the people in the United States value social programs such as Medicaid. However, failure to adequately fund the program has only led to development and implementation of strict procedures and regulations in determining those who are eligible for the program. In particular, the six-month spend down period has resulted in more complex procedures, some of which are neither clear nor understandable to society members. The methodology used has never been friendly to the low-income people; the approach involving spend down for ...
Eugene Steuerle: "Will the Silver Tsunami Send Medicare into the Red?," 12.17.15reportingonhealth
Eugene Steuerle's slides from the Center for Health Journalism webinar "Will the Silver Tsunami Send Medicare into the Red?" 12.17.15
http://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/content/will-silver-tsunami-send-medicare-red
Kathleen Nolan: "Medicaid Undone? Covering the Safety Net’s New Future" 7.26.17reportingonhealth
Kathleen Nolan's slides from the Center for Health Journalism webinar, "Medicaid Undone? Covering the Safety Net’s New Future," 7.26.17
More info: https://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/content/medicaid-undone-covering-safety-nets-new-future
Meghan Hoyer: "Will the Silver Tsunami Send Medicare into the Red?" 12.17.15reportingonhealth
Meghan Hoyer's slides from the Center for Health Journalism webinar "Will the Silver Tsunami Send Medicare into the Red?" 12.17.15
http://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/content/will-silver-tsunami-send-medicare-red
“Dual eligibles” are low-income individuals who qualify for both Medicare and Medicaid. This DataBrief describes the pathways through which dual eligibles access assistance with Medicare premiums and cost-sharing.
Despite occasional ‘discovery pieces’ the biomedical literature in English has been almost entirely silent on the Cuban experience and US
government policy temporarily forbade publication of articles from Cuba by US journals or their foreign subsidiaries.
The unwillingness to take account of the Cuban experience, or to even view it as an alternative route through which some societies can move toward the universal goal of health promotion, represents an important oversight. The achievements in Cuba thereby pose a challenge to the authority of the biomedical community in countries that define the scientific agenda.
Katherine Hempstead: "Left in Limbo: Obamacare’s Shaky Insurance Exchanges" 6...reportingonhealth
Katherine Hempstead's slides from the Center for Health Journalism webinar, "Left in Limbo: Obamacare’s Shaky Insurance Exchanges," 6.7.17
More info: https://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/content/left-limbo-obamacares-shaky-insurance-exchanges
Edwin Park: "Medicaid Undone? Covering the Safety Net’s New Future" 7.26.17reportingonhealth
Edwin Park's slides from the Center for Health Journalism webinar, "Medicaid Undone? Covering the Safety Net’s New Future," 7.26.17
More info: https://www.centerforhealthjournalism.org/content/medicaid-undone-covering-safety-nets-new-future
Running head THE DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY FOR MEDICAID .docxtoltonkendal
Running head: THE DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY FOR MEDICAID 1
THE DETERMINATION OF ELIGIBILITY FOR MEDICAID 6
The Determination of Eligibility for Medicaid
Tiffany Williams
The Determination of Eligibility for Medicaid
Introduction
The social health care program, Medicaid is aimed at providing health care services to the needy and those with disabilities in the United States. The Act should provide the state with the way forward or criteria to be followed in selecting the people who are to benefit from the social health program. However, over time, it has not been clear to every American citizen as to which criteria should be used in determining the needy in the society. In particular, it has been challenging on selecting the eligible citizens for the program with a focus on the level of income and the level of expenditure. For instance, the issue of “spend down” periods has posed a lot of difficulties in determining the eligibility for Medicaid. A way great issue regarding the funding, expansion, and determination of eligibility for Medicaid includes the requirement by the Supreme Court in the United States for regions such as Massachusetts to contribute the six months’ excess income towards medical expenditure before the Medicaid coverage program begins in such regions. This paper seeks to explain the issue of Medicaid coverage and the eligibility of the different level of community members. It also explores the level of government affected by the issue as well as the analysis of the eligibility of Medicaid.
Economic Issue
The social health program (Medicaid) requires adequate funding in order to cover effectively a large and needy population. While it would be more beneficial to expand the program to the other categories of people in the society such as those with disabilities, there should be constant and enough supply of funds both from the government and the good wishers such as donors to help reach out every needy member of the society. Inadequate funding is an issue since there is a large percentage of people who need medical assistance and cannot afford it unless they get subsidized medical health care or fully assisted by programs such as the Medicaid (Ford, Spicer, & Institute of Medicine (U.S.), 2012).
Coupled with the low income of most of the society members, it is clear and evident enough that the majority of the people in the United States value social programs such as Medicaid. However, failure to adequately fund the program has only led to development and implementation of strict procedures and regulations in determining those who are eligible for the program. In particular, the six-month spend down period has resulted in more complex procedures, some of which are neither clear nor understandable to society members. The methodology used has never been friendly to the low-income people; the approach involving spend down for ...
The goal of this webinar is to help healthcare professionals improve care coordination for patients with advanced illness and to reduce hospital readmissions and length of stay (LOS).
11 minutes agoJessica Dunne RE Discussion - Week 3COLLAPS.docxdrennanmicah
11 minutes ago
Jessica Dunne
RE: Discussion - Week 3
COLLAPSE
Top of Form
NURS 6050C: Policy and Advocacy for Improving Population Health
INITIAL POST
Economic Challenges of Healthcare Policy
The economics of the healthcare system in the United States is complex and fragmented. Costs associated with care and the prices healthcare consumers pay are determined by a wide variety of factors making it extremely difficult to find a one size fits all solution. Knickman and Kovner (2015) argue that healthcare is neither a commodity or a service, because of the high variabilities in need, cost, and consumption. The United States spends 80% of all healthcare revenue on just 20% of the population. Health insurance can be provided by the government, the private sector, or an employer. Some citizens do not have any form of healthcare coverage. Regardless of type, insurance coverage generally only pays a portion of the total healthcare cost leaving the consumer to pay the remaining balance. Moreover, reimbursement standards differ for facilities and providers. The government reimburses healthcare facilities, such as hospitals a fixed amount per patient, which creates a higher incentive to work efficiently. Healthcare providers, on the other hand, are reimbursed based on a fee for service model, meaning the more services they provide, the more money they are reimbursed (Knickman & Kovner, 2015).
Reindart (2010) maintains the passage of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) created more strain on the system by adding approximately 30 million uninsured Americans to the market. The projected cost to provide such coverage is around 8 billion to 1 trillion dollars over the next decade. However, the estimated expense of healthcare with no legislative intervention is 35 trillion dollars over the next decade (Reindart, 2010). Laureate Education (2012) contends that the human resources required to provide healthcare to an additional 30 million people is another consideration the ACA does not address. The United States is already experiencing staff shortages for key healthcare jobs like nurses and physicians. Additionally, with baby boomers retiring from the workforce and simultaneously needing more healthcare resources as they age will inevitably exacerbate the shortage of providers (Laureate Education, 2012).
Ethical Considerations
It is important to recognize that the private sector often follows the public sector when deciding what services will be covered (Knickman & Kovner, 2015). Therefore, the implications of Medicare deciding not to pay for a drug or service will likely affect the entire population. Stein (2010) asserts that cost should not be a consideration in determining if medications or services will be paid for by Medicare. Nonetheless, that is what happened with Provenge, a vaccine indicated for late stage prostate cancer patients. The drug prolonged the lifespan of patients by about four months. Provenge costs around 93,000 dollars per p.
The goal of this webinar is to help healthcare professionals improve care coordination for patients with advanced illness and to reduce hospital readmissions and length of stay (LOS).
Evaluating a Sluggish Economy with Bruce YandleMercatus Center
In the first half of 2016, the US economy skirted close to recession territory but so far has registered positive growth. What are the major forces that seem to be driving the slow-growth economy? Is the economy getting stronger? Or, will we hit recession territory before the end of the year?
With nearly a trillion dollars at stake and draft legislation in development, now is the time for policymakers to free spectrum for innovative 21st century use. In order for 21st century technologies like the sharing economy and the Internet of Things to reach their full potential, and drive economic opportunity, more spectrum must be made available. Federal spectrum reallocation is a win-win-win scenario for the economy, social well-being, and the government.
Buchanan Speaker Series: Education, Inequality, and IncentivesMercatus Center
The F. A. Hayek Program for Advanced Study in Philosophy, Politics, and Economics welcomed Roland G. Fryer, Jr., the Henry Lee Professor of Economics at Harvard University and faculty director of the Education Innovation Laboratory, for the inaugural Buchanan Speaker Series event on “Education, Inequality, and Incentives.”
Modernizing Freight Rail Regulation: Recommendations from the TRB StudyMercatus Center
In June 2015, the National Academy of Sciences’ Transportation Research Board issued a report with recommendations to update and modernize economic regulation of rail freight transportation. Jerry Ellig served as a member of the committee that prepared the report. This presentation, given to the National Industrial Transportation League’s Railroad Transportation Committee in November 2015, summarizes the report’s main recommendations. For a short narrative that explains the recommendations, see Dr. Ellig’s commentary in Real Clear Policy.
Modernizing the SSDI Eligibility Criteria: Trends in Demographics and Labor M...Mercatus Center
Social Security Disability Insurance program outlays have increased rapidly, roughly doubling in real terms over the past fifteen years.Participation in program (as % of labor-force) has doubled over the past twenty years. Determining the cause of this rapid rate of growth is essential for setting the program on a sustainable, long-term responsible path.
How Can Policymakers and Regulators Better Engage the Internet of Things? Mercatus Center
The world today is seemingly always plugged into the Internet and technologies are constantly sharing data about our personal and professional lives. Device connectivity is on an upward trend with Cisco estimating that 50 billion devices will be connected to the Internet by 2020. Collection and data sharing by these devices introduces a host of new vulnerabilities, raising concerns about safety, security, and privacy for policymakers and regulators.
Amid concerns about government data security, like the recent OPM breach, Congress is considering cybersecurity information sharing legislation. But will a new information sharing program bolster federal information security? If not, what should be done instead?
Tools for Tracking the Economic Impact of LegislationMercatus Center
Laws passed by Congress impact the economy, but Congress has no systematic way to comprehensively track and assess the economic impact of legislative actions. This is especially difficult when laws empower federal agencies to regulate. While the current budget process scores and tracks the economic impact of spending and taxes, it does not account for the economic consequences of regulation.
The Sharing Economy: Perspectives on Policies in the New EconomyMercatus Center
The sharing economy’s rapid rise has transformed how many people work and live, from commuting, shopping, eating, vacationing, and even borrowing money. Firms like Uber, Lyft, and Airbnb seem to be grabbing headlines on a daily basis as they grow into billion-dollar ventures, disrupt local businesses, and create new policy questions for regulators.
To help shed light on these issues, the Mercatus Center at George Mason University invites you to join Research Fellow Christopher Koopman for a Capitol Hill Campus presentation examining the economics and policy issues surrounding the sharing economy.
Sustaining Surface Transportation: Overview of the Highway Trust Fund and Ide...Mercatus Center
The current system of funding highways is unsustainable. Expansion of the use of the trust fund, coupled with decreased revenue from gas taxes, has resulted in the fund falling short of demand for funding.
Stephen C. Goss Presentation for Mercatus Center SSDI PanelMercatus Center
The Social Security Disability Insurance (DI) trust fund’s projected 2016 depletion will require Congress to act soon to prevent large, sudden benefit cuts.
Experts on both sides of the aisle have noted that a “quick fix” of simply shifting payroll taxes from Social Security’s much larger retirement trust fund (OASI) into DI, without further reform, could cost Congress its last chance to solve Social Security’s broader financing problems before it is too late. What more responsible reform options are available?
The Mercatus Center and the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget hosted a discussion on May 12 on how best to respond to SSDI’s financing crisis.
David Stapleton Presentation for Mercatus Center SSDI PanelMercatus Center
The Social Security Disability Insurance (DI) trust fund’s projected 2016 depletion will require Congress to act soon to prevent large, sudden benefit cuts.
Experts on both sides of the aisle have noted that a “quick fix” of simply shifting payroll taxes from Social Security’s much larger retirement trust fund (OASI) into DI, without further reform, could cost Congress its last chance to solve Social Security’s broader financing problems before it is too late. What more responsible reform options are available?
The Mercatus Center and the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget hosted a discussion on May 12 on how best to respond to SSDI’s financing crisis.
Jason J. Fichtner Presentation for Mercatus Center SSDI PanelMercatus Center
The Social Security Disability Insurance (DI) trust fund’s projected 2016 depletion will require Congress to act soon to prevent large, sudden benefit cuts.
Experts on both sides of the aisle have noted that a “quick fix” of simply shifting payroll taxes from Social Security’s much larger retirement trust fund (OASI) into DI, without further reform, could cost Congress its last chance to solve Social Security’s broader financing problems before it is too late. What more responsible reform options are available?
The Mercatus Center and the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget hosted a discussion on May 12 on how best to respond to SSDI’s financing crisis.
Stephen C. Goss Presentation for Mercatus Center SSDI PanelMercatus Center
The Social Security Disability Insurance (DI) trust fund’s projected 2016 depletion will require Congress to act soon to prevent large, sudden benefit cuts.
Experts on both sides of the aisle have noted that a “quick fix” of simply shifting payroll taxes from Social Security’s much larger retirement trust fund (OASI) into DI, without further reform, could cost Congress its last chance to solve Social Security’s broader financing problems before it is too late. What more responsible reform options are available?
The Mercatus Center and the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget hosted a discussion on May 12 on how best to respond to SSDI’s financing crisis.
Russian anarchist and anti-war movement in the third year of full-scale warAntti Rautiainen
Anarchist group ANA Regensburg hosted my online-presentation on 16th of May 2024, in which I discussed tactics of anti-war activism in Russia, and reasons why the anti-war movement has not been able to make an impact to change the course of events yet. Cases of anarchists repressed for anti-war activities are presented, as well as strategies of support for political prisoners, and modest successes in supporting their struggles.
Thumbnail picture is by MediaZona, you may read their report on anti-war arson attacks in Russia here: https://en.zona.media/article/2022/10/13/burn-map
Links:
Autonomous Action
http://Avtonom.org
Anarchist Black Cross Moscow
http://Avtonom.org/abc
Solidarity Zone
https://t.me/solidarity_zone
Memorial
https://memopzk.org/, https://t.me/pzk_memorial
OVD-Info
https://en.ovdinfo.org/antiwar-ovd-info-guide
RosUznik
https://rosuznik.org/
Uznik Online
http://uznikonline.tilda.ws/
Russian Reader
https://therussianreader.com/
ABC Irkutsk
https://abc38.noblogs.org/
Send mail to prisoners from abroad:
http://Prisonmail.online
YouTube: https://youtu.be/c5nSOdU48O8
Spotify: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/libertarianlifecoach/episodes/Russian-anarchist-and-anti-war-movement-in-the-third-year-of-full-scale-war-e2k8ai4
Jennifer Schaus and Associates hosts a complimentary webinar series on The FAR in 2024. Join the webinars on Wednesdays and Fridays at noon, eastern.
Recordings are on YouTube and the company website.
https://www.youtube.com/@jenniferschaus/videos
ZGB - The Role of Generative AI in Government transformation.pdfSaeed Al Dhaheri
This keynote was presented during the the 7th edition of the UAE Hackathon 2024. It highlights the role of AI and Generative AI in addressing government transformation to achieve zero government bureaucracy
What is the point of small housing associations.pptxPaul Smith
Given the small scale of housing associations and their relative high cost per home what is the point of them and how do we justify their continued existance
This session provides a comprehensive overview of the latest updates to the Uniform Administrative Requirements, Cost Principles, and Audit Requirements for Federal Awards (commonly known as the Uniform Guidance) outlined in the 2 CFR 200.
With a focus on the 2024 revisions issued by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), participants will gain insight into the key changes affecting federal grant recipients. The session will delve into critical regulatory updates, providing attendees with the knowledge and tools necessary to navigate and comply with the evolving landscape of federal grant management.
Learning Objectives:
- Understand the rationale behind the 2024 updates to the Uniform Guidance outlined in 2 CFR 200, and their implications for federal grant recipients.
- Identify the key changes and revisions introduced by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the 2024 edition of 2 CFR 200.
- Gain proficiency in applying the updated regulations to ensure compliance with federal grant requirements and avoid potential audit findings.
- Develop strategies for effectively implementing the new guidelines within the grant management processes of their respective organizations, fostering efficiency and accountability in federal grant administration.
Canadian Immigration Tracker March 2024 - Key SlidesAndrew Griffith
Highlights
Permanent Residents decrease along with percentage of TR2PR decline to 52 percent of all Permanent Residents.
March asylum claim data not issued as of May 27 (unusually late). Irregular arrivals remain very small.
Study permit applications experiencing sharp decrease as a result of announced caps over 50 percent compared to February.
Citizenship numbers remain stable.
Slide 3 has the overall numbers and change.
A process server is a authorized person for delivering legal documents, such as summons, complaints, subpoenas, and other court papers, to peoples involved in legal proceedings.
Many ways to support street children.pptxSERUDS INDIA
By raising awareness, providing support, advocating for change, and offering assistance to children in need, individuals can play a crucial role in improving the lives of street children and helping them realize their full potential
Donate Us
https://serudsindia.org/how-individuals-can-support-street-children-in-india/
#donatefororphan, #donateforhomelesschildren, #childeducation, #ngochildeducation, #donateforeducation, #donationforchildeducation, #sponsorforpoorchild, #sponsororphanage #sponsororphanchild, #donation, #education, #charity, #educationforchild, #seruds, #kurnool, #joyhome
Up the Ratios Bylaws - a Comprehensive Process of Our Organizationuptheratios
Up the Ratios is a non-profit organization dedicated to bridging the gap in STEM education for underprivileged students by providing free, high-quality learning opportunities in robotics and other STEM fields. Our mission is to empower the next generation of innovators, thinkers, and problem-solvers by offering a range of educational programs that foster curiosity, creativity, and critical thinking.
At Up the Ratios, we believe that every student, regardless of their socio-economic background, should have access to the tools and knowledge needed to succeed in today's technology-driven world. To achieve this, we host a variety of free classes, workshops, summer camps, and live lectures tailored to students from underserved communities. Our programs are designed to be engaging and hands-on, allowing students to explore the exciting world of robotics and STEM through practical, real-world applications.
Our free classes cover fundamental concepts in robotics, coding, and engineering, providing students with a strong foundation in these critical areas. Through our interactive workshops, students can dive deeper into specific topics, working on projects that challenge them to apply what they've learned and think creatively. Our summer camps offer an immersive experience where students can collaborate on larger projects, develop their teamwork skills, and gain confidence in their abilities.
In addition to our local programs, Up the Ratios is committed to making a global impact. We take donations of new and gently used robotics parts, which we then distribute to students and educational institutions in other countries. These donations help ensure that young learners worldwide have the resources they need to explore and excel in STEM fields. By supporting education in this way, we aim to nurture a global community of future leaders and innovators.
Our live lectures feature guest speakers from various STEM disciplines, including engineers, scientists, and industry professionals who share their knowledge and experiences with our students. These lectures provide valuable insights into potential career paths and inspire students to pursue their passions in STEM.
Up the Ratios relies on the generosity of donors and volunteers to continue our work. Contributions of time, expertise, and financial support are crucial to sustaining our programs and expanding our reach. Whether you're an individual passionate about education, a professional in the STEM field, or a company looking to give back to the community, there are many ways to get involved and make a difference.
We are proud of the positive impact we've had on the lives of countless students, many of whom have gone on to pursue higher education and careers in STEM. By providing these young minds with the tools and opportunities they need to succeed, we are not only changing their futures but also contributing to the advancement of technology and innovation on a broader scale.
2. TWO MAIN POINTS
Medicaid does not serve enrollees or
taxpayers well and needs fundamental
reform.
The financing structure leads states to
bring loads of federal tax dollars into their
state through Medicaid with little incentive
for how well that money is spent.
3. MEDICAID BASIC #1: UNCAPPED
FEDERAL REIMBURSEMENT
For Traditional Populations: Reimbursement is
Function of State Per Capita Income.
* Historic National Average: 57%
For ACA Expansion Population: Enhanced
Reimbursement Rate
4. MEDICAID BASIC #2:
MANDATORY VS.
OPTIONAL BENEFITS
Mandatory: Inpatient; Outpatient; Physician;
Nursing Homes; Laboratory Services; Home Health
Services; Others
Optional: Drugs; Physical/Occupational Therapy;
Dental Services; Primary Care Case Management;
Others
8. MEDICAID BASIC #6:
SPENDING VARIES A LOT ACROSS U.S.
Avg. Spend Per Aged Enrollee Avg. Spend Per Disabled Enrollee
Wyoming $32,199 New York $33,808
North Dakota $31,155 Connecticut $31,004
… …
Illinois $11,431 Georgia $10,639
North Carolina $10,518 Alabama $10,142
Avg. Spend per Adult Enrollee Avg. Spend per Child Enrollee
New Mexico $6,928 Vermont $5,214
Montana $6,539 Alaska $4,682
… …
Maine $2,194 Florida $1,707
Iowa $2,056 Wisconsin $1,656
9. Medicaid Financing
Consider a state with a 60% federal match rate.
If the state spends $1.00 of its own funds, it gets $1.50 from the
federal government. (60% of $2.50 is $1.50.)
In order to cut $1.00 of state expenditures paid by state tax base, a
state needs to cut Medicaid by $2.50.
Conclusion: Open-ended federal reimbursement makes it easy to
grown Medicaid and difficult to cut.
10. State Expenditure Growth
2015 Total Elem&Seco Higher Ed Medicaid Transport Other
State
Spending $1,872,368 $362,044 $193,447 $512,315 $143,466 $661,096
% of
Spending 19.3% 10.3% 27.4% 7.7% 35.3%
1990
State
Spending $899,629 $205,304 $109,367 $112,225 $88,779 $383,955
% of
Spending 22.8% 12.2% 12.5% 9.9% 42.7%
‘90 to ‘15
Increase 108% 76% 77% 357% 62% 72%
11. Federal Funding For States
2015 Total Elem&Seco Higher Ed Medicaid Transport Other
Federal
Funds $585,674 $54,083 $21,253 $317,302 $41,923 $151,113
% of Federal Funds 9.2% 3.6% 54.2% 7.2% 25.8%
1990
Federal
Funds $201,078 $23,208 $6,536 $63,855 $25,751 $81,728
% of Federal Funds 11.5% 3.3% 31.8% 12.8% 40.6%
‘90 to ‘15
Increase 191% 133% 225% 397% 63% 85%
13. Source: Amy Finkelstein, Nathaniel Hendren, Erzo F.P. Luttmer,
“The Value of Medicaid: Interpreting Results from the Oregon
Health Insurance Experiment,” NBER Working Paper No. 21308
Issued in June 2015
THE VALUE OF MEDICAID
14. OREGON MEDICAID
EXPERIMENT
Lot of people who won the lottery did not take steps
to enroll.
Medicaid enrollees much more likely to use health
care services, including preventive services and ERs.
No statistically significant effect on blood pressure,
cholesterol, or blood sugar. Did not reduce risk of a
heart problem.
Reduced depression and better financial well-being.
15. MEDICAID’S QUALITY OF CARE
People with Medicaid generally have worse outcomes from health
care treatments than people with private insurance.
In many states, Medicaid enrollees have more limited access to
providers.
In 2011, The New York Times reported on the widespread access
problem in Louisiana that was frustrating both physicians and
enrollees. One woman said that “My Medicaid card is useless for
me right now. It’s a useless piece of plastic. I can’t find an
orthopedic surgeon or a pain management doctor who will accept
Medicaid.”
Medicaid enrollees are increasingly served by a subset of
providers; numerous studies suggest they receive inferior care.
16. WHAT HAPPENED AFTER TENNCARE?
TennCare represented a large public insurance expansion,
similar to ACA.
Increased regular blood pressure and cholesterol checks.
Fewer people with regular doctor check-up.
Little, if any, change in people who did not see a doctor
because of cost.
Self-reported health got worse.
Mortality rate declined more slowly than in control states.
17. LESSON #1 FROM MEDICAID
OVERSIGHT WORK:
“Medicaid” as a Verb
In New York, they use the phrase
“Medicaid It.”
All states employ strategies/gimmicks to
minimize the state share of expenditures
and increase the federal money flowing into
the state.
18.
19. LESSON #2 FROM MEDICAID
OVERSIGHT WORK:
Medicaid LTC is available for just
about everyone.
Medicaid estate planning is prevalent.
There are a large number of exempt resources.
Janice Eulau, assistant administrator of Medicaid Services in
Long Island:
“As a long-time employee of the local Medicaid office, I have had the
opportunity to witness the diversion of applicants’ significant
resources in order to obtain Medicaid coverage. It is not at all unusual
to encounter individuals and couples with resources [beyond exempt
resources] exceeding $500,000, some with over $1 million. There is
no attempt to hide that this money exists; there is no need. There
are various legal means to prevent those funds from being used to
pay for the applicant’s nursing home care. Wealthy applicants for
Medicaid’s nursing home coverage consider that benefit to be their
right, regardless of their ability to pay themselves.”
20. Lesson #3 from Medicaid
Oversight Work:
Rules are Really Complicated and CMS
Doesn’t Know What States Are Doing
Four Examples
New York Developmental Centers
Minnesota Managed Care
Braces in Texas
Health Insurance Tax in California,
Pennsylvania, Other States
21.
22. LESSON #4 FROM MEDICAID
OVERSIGHT WORK:
It Is At Least Partially False That
Medicaid Underpays Providers
Lobbying for Medicaid Expansion
DSH and Supplemental Payments
Coler Memorial and Coler Goldwater in NYC
N.Y. / REGION | ABUSED AND USED
Reaping Millions in Nonprofit Care for Disabled
By RUSS BUETTNERAUG. 2, 2011
23. BIG QUESTION FOR
THINKING ABOUT REFORM:
How can we realign incentives so that
we get more value and less spending?
25. GENERAL PROBLEM WITH HOW
MEDICAID IS STRUCTURED
Government-dictated plan with very little patient
cost-sharing incentivizes overconsumption of
care without regard to value.
26. GENERAL PROBLEM OF FEDERAL
OPEN-ENDED REIMBURSEMENT OF
STATE MEDICAID EXPENDITURES
Biases state decisions by making Medicaid
spending cheaper for states than other main areas
of state spending like education, transportation, and
infrastructure.
Looks good for a state when viewed in isolation but
all states face the same incentives.
We need to improve the federal-state financing
partnership.
27. ABSENT LARGE SCALE STRUCTURAL REFORM,
WHAT’S THE SECOND BEST SOLUTION?
Eliminate/Reduce State Gimmicks and Scams
Provider Taxes
Bush and Obama administration proposed limiting
them.
Bowles-Simpson proposed scrapping them.
Vice President Biden expressed support for scrapping
them during 2011 deficit negotiations.
28. OTHER IDEAS
Limit states’ use of intergovernmental transfers.
Require CMS Office of the Actuary or GAO to
certify budget neutrality of Medicaid waivers.
Require that states pay public providers no more
than the actual/reasonable cost of services
rendered.
Require that states submit institution-level
Medicaid data as a condition of receiving federal
funds.