UMUC Biology 102103Lab 7 Ecology of OrganismsINSTRUCTIONS · T.docx

UMUC Biology 102/103Lab 7: Ecology of
OrganismsINSTRUCTIONS: · To conduct your laboratory
exercises, use the links to the instructions for each lab, found in
the “Course Content” section of the classroom.
· On your own and without assistance, complete this Lab 7
Answer Form electronically and submit it via the Assignments
Folder by the date listed on your Course Schedule (under
Syllabus).
· Type your answers into the shaded boxes provided after the
questions. The boxes will expand as you type.
· When necessary, insert graphs prepared in Excel, or image
files (scans, photos, etc.) into the clear boxes provided.
· Save your Lab 7 Answer Form in the following format:
LastName – Bio 102 Lab – Lab 7 Answer Form (e.g., Largen –
Bio 102 Lab – Lab 7 Answer Form).· You should submit your
document in a Word (.doc or .docx) or Rich Text Format (.rtf)
for best compatibility.
· Please note that this answer form also serves as a grading
rubric. The grading information for each question is provided
in red text in parentheses following each question/graph/table,
etc. Skipping a requested question, part of a question, table,
graph, etc., will result in the designated amount of percentage
points being deducted from the grade for this lab answer form.
-continued-
Experiment 1: Effects of pH on Radish Seed Germination
Table 1: pH and % Radish Seed Germination (NOTE: First row
will contain only pH information, rows 1-7 will contain the total
number of seeds germinated as of that day)
(each cell is worth 2 point, for a total of 48 points)
Stage/Day Observations (initial pH, then # seeds germinated)
Acetic Acid
Sodium Bicarbonate

Water
Initial pH
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
Day 4
Day 5
Day 6
Day 7
Take a picture of your results. Include a note with your name
and date on an index card in the picture. Insert picture here (3
points):

-continued-
Questions
1. Prepare a graph. Construct a line graph based on the data
from Table 1 in the space below. Place the day on the x axis,
and the number of seeds germinated on the y axis. Be sure to
include three lines (4 points each), a title (2 points), a label
and units on the x and y axes (8 points), and provide a legend
(2 points) describing which line corresponds to each plate (e.g.,
blue = acetic acid, green = sodium bicarbonate, etc…). You can
prepare your graph in MS Excel and insert the image in the
space below or you can prepare your graph by hand and scan it
or photograph it and insert the image below. (worth 24 points)
2. Was there any noticeable effect on the germination rate of the
radish seeds as a result of the pH? Compare and contrast the
growth rate for the control with the alkaline and acidic
solutions. (1st part of question worth 2 points, 2nd part of
question worth 4 points, for a total of 6 points)
3. According to your results would you say that the radish has a
broad pH tolerance? Why or why not? Use your data to support
your answer. (1st part of question worth 2 points, 2nd part of
question worth 4 points, for a total of 6 points)
4. Knowing that acid rain has a pH of 2-3 would you conclude
that crop species with a narrow soil pH range are in trouble?
Explain why, or why not, using scientific reasoning. Is acid
rain a problem for plant species and crops? (question has three
parts, each worth 2 points, for a total of 6 points)
5. Research and briefly describe a real world example about
how acid rain affects plants. Be sure to demonstrate how pH
contributes to the outcome, and proposed solutions (if any).
Descriptions should be approximately 2 - 3 paragraphs. Include
at least three citations (use APA formatting). (7 points)

TYPE YOUR FULL NAME:
UMUC Biology 102/103Lab 6: TaxonomyINSTRUCTIONS: ·
To conduct your laboratory exercises, use the links to the
instructions for each lab, found in the “Course Content” section
of the classroom.
Syllabus).
· Type your answers into the gray shaded boxes provided after
the questions. The boxes will expand as you type.
-continued-
Experiment 1: Dichotomous Key Practice (58 points)
Table 3: Dichotomous Key Results

(4 points for each “binomial name” cell for a total of 52 points)
Organism
Binomial Name
i
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
viii
ix
x
xi
xii
xiii
1. What do you notice about the options of each step as they go
from number one up? (3 points)
2. How does your answer from Question 1 relate to the Linnean
classification system? (3 points)
Experiment 2: Classification of Organisms (42 points)

Table 2: Key Characteristics of Some Organisms
(each cell worth 3 points for a total of 27 points)
Organism
Kingdom
Domain
Defined Nucleus
Mobile
Cell Wall
Photosynthesis
Unicellular
E. coli
Yes
Yes
Protozoa
Yes
Yes
Yes
Mushroom
Yes
Yes

Sunflower
Yes
Yes
Yes
Bear
Yes
Yes
Refer to Table 2 above and to Figure 4 in the lab manual to
answer the following questions:
1. Did this series of questions correctly organize each
organism? Why or why not? (each part of question worth 3
points for a total of 6 points)
2. What additional questions would you ask to further
categorize the items within the kingdoms (Hint: think about
other organisms in the kingdom and what makes them different
than the examples used here)? (4.5 points)
3. What questions would you have asked instead of the ones that
you answered about when classifying the organisms? (4.5
points)

UMUC Biology 102/103Lab 5: MeiosisINSTRUCTIONS: · To
conduct your laboratory exercises, use the links to the
of the classroom.
· On your own and without assistance, complete this Lab5
Syllabus).
· Type your answers into the shaded boxes provided after the
questions. The boxes will expand as you type.
points being deducted from the grade for this lab answer
form.Experiment 1: Following chromosomal DNA movement
(71 points)
Part 1 – Meiotic Division Beads Diagram WITHOUT Crossing
Over (each photo is worth 2 points for a total of 18 points)
Take pictures of your beads for each phase of meiosis I and II
without crossing over. Include notes with your name, date and
meiotic stage on index cards in the pictures. StageColored
Sketch or Photos of BeadsProphase I
-continued next page-

StageColored Sketch or Photos of BeadsMetaphase IAnaphase
ITelophase IProphase IIMetaphase II
-continued-
StageColored Sketch of BeadsAnaphase IITelophase
IICytokinesis
Part 2 – Meiotic Division Beads Diagram WITH Crossing Over
(each photo is worth 2 points for a total of 18 points)
Take pictures of your beads for each phase of meiosis I and II
with crossing over. Include notes with your name, date and
meiotic stage on index cards in the pictures. StageColored
Sketch or Photos of BeadsProphase I
-continued next page-
StageColored Sketch or Photos of BeadsMetaphase IAnaphase
ITelophase IProphase IIMetaphase II
-continued-
StageColored Sketch of BeadsAnaphase IITelophase
IICytokinesisQuestions
1. What is the ploidy of the DNA at the end of meiosis I? What
about at the end of meiosis II? (each part of question is worth 2
points, for a total of 4 points)
2. How are meiosis I and meiosis II different? (worth 2 points)
3. Why do you use non-sister chromatids to demonstrate
crossing over? (worth 2 points)
4. What combinations of alleles could result from a crossover
between BD and bd chromosomes? (worth 2 points)
5. How many chromosomes were present when meiosis I
started? (worth 2 points)
6. How many nuclei are present at the end of meiosis II? How

many chromosomes are in each? (each part worth 2 points for a
total of 4 points)
7. Identify two ways that meiosis contributes to genetic
recombination? (each part worth 1 point for a total of 2 points)
8. Why is it necessary to reduce the number of chromosomes in
gametes, but not in other cells? (worth 2 points)
9. Blue whales have 44 chromosomes in every somatic cell.
Complete the table below by entering in the final column the
number of chromosomes you would expect to find in each of the
indicated cells: (each cell in table is worth 1 points, for a total
of 4 points)
Cell Type
# Chromosomes
Sperm cell
Egg cell
Daughter cell from meiosis I
Daughter cell from meiosis II
10. Research and identify a disease that is caused by
chromosomal mutations. Briefly describe the disease. When
does the mutation occur? What chromosome(s) is/are affected?
What are the consequences? (question has 4 parts, each part of
question is worth 2 points, for a total of 8 points)
11. Diagram what would happen if sexual reproduction took
place for four generations using diploid (2n) cells? (worth 3
points)
-continued-

Experiment 2: The Importance of Cell Cycle Control (29 points)
Data Table(each abnormality worth 1 point, each drawing worth
2 points, for total of 15 points)
Abnormality
Drawing of Abnormality
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Questions
1. Record your hypothesis from Step 1 in the Procedure section
here. (worth 2 points)
2. What do your results indicate about cell cycle control? (worth
2 points)

3. Suppose a person developed a mutation in a somatic cell
which diminishes the performance of the body’s natural cell
cycle control proteins. This mutation resulted in cancer, but was
effectively treated with a cocktail of cancer-fighting techniques.
Is it possible for this person’s future children to inherit this
cancer-causing mutation? Be specific when you explain why or
why not. (worth 3 points)
4. Why do cells which lack cell cycle control exhibit karyotypes
which look physically different than cells with normal cell
cycle. (worth 3 points)
5. What are HeLa cells? Why are HeLa cells appropriate for this
experiment? (each part worth 2 points, for a total of 4 points)
UMUC Biology 102/103Lab 3: Cell Structure and
FunctionINSTRUCTIONS: · To conduct your laboratory
exercises, use the links to the instructions for each lab, found in
the “Course Content” section of the classroom.
Syllabus).
the questions and in the tables. The boxes will expand as you
type.

Experiment 1: Cell Structure and Function (25 points)
1. Diagram Labelling: Identify each of the labeled structures in
the following slide image of an onion root tip (1000X):
(2 point for each = 8 points)
A
B
C
D
2. What is the difference between the rough and smooth
endoplasmic reticulum? (2 points)
3. (a) Would an animal cell be able to survive without
mitochondria? (1.5 points) (b) Why or why not? (3.5 points)
a

b
4. What could you determine about a specimen if you observed
a slide image showing the specimen with a cell wall, but no
nucleus or mitochondria? (5 points)
5. Hypothesize why parts of a plant, such as the leaves, are
green, but other parts, such as the roots, are not. Use scientific
reasoning to support your hypothesis. (5 points)
Experiment 2: Osmosis - Direction and Concentration Gradients
(75 points)
Data Tables and Post-Lab Assessment
Table 3: Sucrose Concentration vs. Tubing Permeability
(each cell is worth 1.5 points = 30 points for the table)
Band Color
% Sucrose in Beaker
% Sucrose in Bag
Initial Volume (mL)
Final Volume (mL)
Net Displacement (mL)
Yellow
Red
Blue

Green
points):
Hypothesis: (2 points)
Post-Lab Questions
1. For each of the tubing pieces, identify whether the solution
inside was hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic in comparison to
the beaker solution in which it was placed, by completing the
following table: (2.5 points per cell = 10 points)
Solution
in tubing with ____ band color….
…was hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic (select one)…
…in comparison to...
Yellow
…beaker solution in which it was placed.
Red

Blue
Green
2. (a) Which tubing increased the most in volume? (1.5 points)
(b) Explain why this happened. (3.5 points)
a
b
3. What do the results of this experiment this tell you about the
relative tonicity between the contents of the tubing and the
solution in the beaker? (5 points)
4. What would happen if the tubing with the yellow band was
placed in a beaker of distilled water? (5 points)
5. How are excess salts that accumulate in cells transferred to
the blood stream so they can be removed from the body? Be
sure to explain how this process works in terms of tonicity. (5
points)

6. If you wanted water to flow out of a tubing piece filled with
a 50% solution, what would the minimum concentration of the
beaker solution need to be? Explain your answer using scientific
evidence. (5 points)
7. (a) How is this experiment similar to the way a cell
membrane works in the body? (2.5 points) (b) How is it
different? (2.5 points) Be specific with your response.
a
b
D
A

B
C
UMUC Biology 102/103Lab 4: EnzymesINSTRUCTIONS: · To
conduct your laboratory exercises, use the links to the
of the classroom.
Syllabus).
the questions and in the tables. The boxes will expand as you
type.

Experiment 1: Enzymes In Food (41 points)
Table 1: Substance vs. Starch Presence
(1 point each cell = 13 points)
Substance Name
Resulting Color
Presence of Starch?
(yes or no)
Positive Control:
Ginger Root

Negative Control:
Student Selects
Food Product:
Student Selects
Food Product:
Student Selects
Required:
Saliva
points):
Post-Lab Questions

1. a) What were your controls for this experiment? b) What did
they demonstrate? c) Why was saliva included in this
experiment? (2 points each part = 6 points)
a
b
c
2. a) What is the function of amylase? b) What does amylase do
to starch? (2 points each part = 4 points)
a
b
3. a) Which of the foods that you tested contained amylase? b)
Which did not? c) What experimental evidence supports your
claim? (2 points each part = 6 points)
a
b
c
4. Saliva does not contain amylase until babies are two months

old. How could this affect an infant’s digestive requirements?
(1 points)
5. There is another digestive enzyme (other than salivary
amylase) that is secreted by the salivary glands. a) Research to
determine what this enzyme is called. b) What substrate does it
act on? c) Where in the body does it become activated, and
why? (2 points each part = 6 points)
a
b
c
6. Digestive enzymes in the gut include proteases, which digest
proteins. a) Why don’t these enzymes digest the stomach and
small intestine, which are partially composed of protein? (2
points)
Experiment 2: Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Activity (59
points)
Table 2: Balloon Circumference vs. Temperature
(1.5 point each cell = 15 points)

Tube
Temperature (°C)
Balloon Circumference (Uninflated; cm) (same value applies to
all tubes)
Final Balloon Circumference (Inflated; cm)
Difference in Balloon Circumference (cm)
1 - (Cold)
2 - (Room Temp.)
3 - (Hot)
points):
Post-Lab Questions

1. What reaction is being catalyzed in this experiment? (2
points)
2. A) What is the enzyme in this experiment? b) What is the
substrate? (2 points each part = 4 points)
a
b
3. A) What is the independent variable in this experiment? b)
What is the dependent variable? (2 point each part = 4 points)
a
b
4. How does the temperature affect enzyme function? Use
evidence from your data to support your answer. (2 points)
5. A) Draw a graph of YOUR DATA for balloon diameter vs.
temperature. Scan or photograph your graph and insert the
image in the space below. Graph must have title (0.5 points), x-
axis label and units (1 point), y-axis label and units (1 point),
data points (1.5 points), line (1 point) (part a = total of 5 points)
B) What is the correlation? ( part b = 2 points)

a
b
6. Is there a negative control in this experiment? If yes, identify
the control. If no, suggest how you could revise the experiment
to include a negative control. (2 points)
7. A) In general, how would an increase in substrate alter
enzyme activity? . (part a = 2 points)
B) Draw a graph to illustrate this general relationship. This
graph can be general but should still have a title (1 point) and
labels for the axes (2 points), and a line (1 point) Scan or
photograph your graph and insert the image in the space below.
(part b = 5 points)
a
b
8. A) Design an experiment to determine the optimal
temperature for enzyme function, complete with controls. B)
Where would you find the enzymes for this experiment? C)
What substrate would you use? (part a = 7 points, part b = 3
points, part c = 3 points)
a

UMUC Biology 102103Lab 7 Ecology of OrganismsINSTRUCTIONS · T.docx

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to UMUC Biology 102103Lab 7 Ecology of OrganismsINSTRUCTIONS · T.docx

Similar to UMUC Biology 102103Lab 7 Ecology of OrganismsINSTRUCTIONS · T.docx (7)

More from marilucorr

More from marilucorr (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

UMUC Biology 102103Lab 7 Ecology of OrganismsINSTRUCTIONS · T.docx