Aseptic abscesses (AAs) are neutrophilic infiltrative lesions that often coincide with systemic inflammatory
disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). According
to recent literature, medical therapies in IBD with AAs include
corticosteroid, immunosuppressants and anti-TNFα biologics.
Diagnostics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): UltrasoundAbhineet Dey
Intestinal ultrasound has a good accuracy in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease, as well as in the assessment of disease activity, extent, and evaluating disease-related complications, namely strictures, fistulae, and abscesses.
Even though not fully validated, several scores have been developed to assess disease activity using ultrasound. Importantly, intestinal ultrasound can also be used to assess response to treatment. Changes in ultrasonographic parameters are observed as early as 4 weeks after treatment initiation and persist during short- and long-term follow-up. Additionally, Crohn's disease patients with no ultrasound improvement seem to be at a higher risk of therapy intensification, need for steroids, hospitalisation, or even surgery.
Similarly to Crohn's disease, intestinal ultrasound has a good performance in the diagnosis, activity, and disease extent assessment in ulcerative colitis patients. In fact, in patients with severe acute colitis, higher bowel wall thickness at admission is associated with the need for salvage therapy and the absence of a significant decrease in this parameter may predict the need for colectomy.
Short-term data also evidence the role of intestinal ultrasound in evaluating therapy response, with ultrasound changes observed after 2 weeks of treatment and significant improvement after 12 weeks of follow-up in ulcerative colitis.
Introduction: Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), as a set of heterogeneous aggressive lymphoma, most commonly originated in the germinal center B lymphocytes. Rare cases were from peripheral blood B cell (outside germinal center) or from the inert lymphoma development and transformation. And such tumor with originality outside germinal center was seldom seen in the literature. Even the tumor in combination with chronic gastritis has not been reported before.
Abdominal Tuberculosis Revisited–A single institutional experience of 72 case...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This case report describes a 36-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and a history of diarrhea and weight loss. Tests revealed positive tuberculosis markers and imaging showed thickening of the ascending colon. A right hemicolectomy was performed and histopathological examination found granulomatous inflammation and caseous necrosis consistent with tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculosis therapy was administered and the patient's symptoms resolved, highlighting the importance of differential diagnosis between Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis.
This document summarizes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. It covers the definition, epidemiology, etiology, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, endoscopy, and radiological imaging. Disease activity is assessed using several clinical indices. Treatment focuses on inducing remission of active IBD.
Eosinophilic Enterocolitis: A Rare Nosological Entitynavasreni
Eosinophilic enterocolitis is an exceptionally rare disease with few cases described in the literature. It is the least frequent manifestation of the broad spectrum of gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases. We describe a case of a female patient presenting with a form of the disease manifested by Koenig’s syndrome and diarrhea.
Eosinophilic Enterocolitis: A Rare Nosological Entitypateldrona
Eosinophilic enterocolitis is an exceptionally rare disease with few cases described in the literature. It is the least frequent manifestation of the broad spectrum of gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases. We describe a case of a female patient presenting with a form of the disease manifested by Koenig’s syndrome and diarrhea.
Eosinophilic Enterocolitis: A Rare Nosological Entitykomalicarol
Eosinophilic enterocolitis is an exceptionally rare disease with few
cases described in the literature. It is the least frequent manifestation of the broad spectrum of gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases. We describe a case of a female patient presenting with a form
of the disease manifested by Koenig's syndrome and diarrhea. This
posed a diagnostic challenge for us due to its non-specific symptoms, associated with the absence of standardized histological criteria, hence the need for a high level of suspicion. There is also
no consensus regarding the treatment. It should be individualized
according to the age of the patient and the severity of symptoms
Diagnostics in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): UltrasoundAbhineet Dey
Intestinal ultrasound has a good accuracy in the diagnosis of Crohn's disease, as well as in the assessment of disease activity, extent, and evaluating disease-related complications, namely strictures, fistulae, and abscesses.
Even though not fully validated, several scores have been developed to assess disease activity using ultrasound. Importantly, intestinal ultrasound can also be used to assess response to treatment. Changes in ultrasonographic parameters are observed as early as 4 weeks after treatment initiation and persist during short- and long-term follow-up. Additionally, Crohn's disease patients with no ultrasound improvement seem to be at a higher risk of therapy intensification, need for steroids, hospitalisation, or even surgery.
Similarly to Crohn's disease, intestinal ultrasound has a good performance in the diagnosis, activity, and disease extent assessment in ulcerative colitis patients. In fact, in patients with severe acute colitis, higher bowel wall thickness at admission is associated with the need for salvage therapy and the absence of a significant decrease in this parameter may predict the need for colectomy.
Short-term data also evidence the role of intestinal ultrasound in evaluating therapy response, with ultrasound changes observed after 2 weeks of treatment and significant improvement after 12 weeks of follow-up in ulcerative colitis.
Introduction: Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL), as a set of heterogeneous aggressive lymphoma, most commonly originated in the germinal center B lymphocytes. Rare cases were from peripheral blood B cell (outside germinal center) or from the inert lymphoma development and transformation. And such tumor with originality outside germinal center was seldom seen in the literature. Even the tumor in combination with chronic gastritis has not been reported before.
Abdominal Tuberculosis Revisited–A single institutional experience of 72 case...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
This case report describes a 36-year-old woman who presented with abdominal pain and a history of diarrhea and weight loss. Tests revealed positive tuberculosis markers and imaging showed thickening of the ascending colon. A right hemicolectomy was performed and histopathological examination found granulomatous inflammation and caseous necrosis consistent with tuberculosis. Anti-tuberculosis therapy was administered and the patient's symptoms resolved, highlighting the importance of differential diagnosis between Crohn's disease and intestinal tuberculosis.
This document summarizes inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. It covers the definition, epidemiology, etiology, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation, laboratory tests, endoscopy, and radiological imaging. Disease activity is assessed using several clinical indices. Treatment focuses on inducing remission of active IBD.
Eosinophilic Enterocolitis: A Rare Nosological Entitynavasreni
Eosinophilic enterocolitis is an exceptionally rare disease with few cases described in the literature. It is the least frequent manifestation of the broad spectrum of gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases. We describe a case of a female patient presenting with a form of the disease manifested by Koenig’s syndrome and diarrhea.
Eosinophilic Enterocolitis: A Rare Nosological Entitypateldrona
Eosinophilic enterocolitis is an exceptionally rare disease with few cases described in the literature. It is the least frequent manifestation of the broad spectrum of gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases. We describe a case of a female patient presenting with a form of the disease manifested by Koenig’s syndrome and diarrhea.
Eosinophilic Enterocolitis: A Rare Nosological Entitykomalicarol
Eosinophilic enterocolitis is an exceptionally rare disease with few
cases described in the literature. It is the least frequent manifestation of the broad spectrum of gastrointestinal eosinophilic diseases. We describe a case of a female patient presenting with a form
of the disease manifested by Koenig's syndrome and diarrhea. This
posed a diagnostic challenge for us due to its non-specific symptoms, associated with the absence of standardized histological criteria, hence the need for a high level of suspicion. There is also
no consensus regarding the treatment. It should be individualized
according to the age of the patient and the severity of symptoms
Managment Of Long Term Care In Era Covid-19komalicarol
COVID-19 gives the chance to address long-term care categories
that are sometimes disregarded and undervalued, such as nursing
and residential homes, as well as homecare. Each method of delivering long-term care must meet the highest possible standards
of ongoing care and quality of life. More study and evaluation are
needed to aid decision-making and policy-making, particularly on
the cost-effectiveness and cost-quality elements for each country,
region, or system.
Renal failure and Quality ofLlife Indicators in Kidney Transplantationkomalicarol
This article discusses quality of life indicators for patients undergoing kidney transplantation. It reviews several tools used to measure quality of life, including the SF-36, EQ-5D, and KDQOL questionnaires. Overall quality of life is generally improved after a successful kidney transplant compared to dialysis. However, factors like side effects of immunosuppressive drugs and the risk of rejection can still impact quality of life. The article concludes that while transplantation is associated with lower mortality and better quality of life than long-term dialysis, certain patient and treatment factors must be considered when evaluating individual quality of life outcomes.
A case of childhood Burkitt's lymphoma with gingival swelling as the first sy...komalicarol
This case report describes a 4-year-old child who presented with gingival swelling as the initial symptom of Burkitt's lymphoma. The child was eventually diagnosed with stage IV Burkitt's lymphoma/leukemia based on bone marrow and genetic testing. After initial chemotherapy, the gingival swelling and right cheek swelling recurred, indicating disease recurrence. The child received further chemotherapy but ultimately passed away half a year later. This case highlights that gingival swelling can be an early oral symptom of systemic disease like Burkitt's lymphoma. Dentists and oral physicians play an important role in identifying signs of systemic conditions through oral examinations.
Neuropsychiatric Profiles of Brivaracetam: A Literature Reviewkomalicarol
Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) can cause cognitive or behavioral adverse drug reactions, which is a significant consideration
when selecting an appropriate ASM. Brivaracetam (BRV) is a
newer synaptic vesicle protein 2A ligand, which is expected to
have less neuropsychiatric adverse effects due to its mechanism of
action. To understand the impact of BRV on cognition and behavior compared with other ASMs, we conducted literatures searching
from PubMed and MEDLINE databases. After the screening process, a total of two animal studies, one randomized controlled trial, one pooled-analysis of clinical trials, one controlled study and
nine observational studies were included. Animal studies showed
that BRV did not worsen cognition or behavior performance in rodents. Human studies showed that BRV had less cognitive adverse
events compared with other second or third generation ASMs. In
addition, currently available evidence suggests that behavioral disturbance is less common with BRV compared with levetiracetam.
This review revealed that BRV has a limited impact on cognition
and behavior. For patients who are intolerant to levetiracetam
and have levetiracetam-related behavioral side effects, switching
to BRV could be beneficial. However, the heterogeneity between
studies makes the quality of the evidence weak and further trials
are needed to confirm the findings.
Clinical and evolutionary features of SARS CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in chil...komalicarol
Starting with December 2019 the medical world has faced a
new challenge as a consequence of a new type of coronavirus-2019-nCoV, similar to several familiar strains that determine
a comparable symptomatology (SARS- severe acute respiratory syndrome, MERS- Middle East severe acute respiratory syndrome), subsequently named SARS CoV-2, while the disease it
causes- COVID-19. The virus is of animal origin and through an
intermediate host (probably also a mammal) it suffered genetic
changes thus acquiring human cells receptors. In consequence,
SARS CoV-2 virus affects both children and even more frequently where it determines more severe clinical forms of disease. In
children, COVID-19 has various clinical forms, from asymptomatic ones to severe ones, complicated by multisystem inflammatory
syndrome (MIS-C Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome – Child
or PIMS - TS (Paediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome
temporally associated with COVID-19) that sometimes can lead
to death
Viral load and antibody responses in an asymptomatic/minimally symptomatic SA...komalicarol
Asymptomatic patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are silent carriers of the disease. We
aimed to characterize their dynamics of disease occurrence, viral
shedding and antibody responses using a cohort of asymptomatic/
minimally symptomatic patients from Sri Lanka during the first
wave of COVID-19.
Vonlay; A paradigm shift in post endodontic restoration: A case report.komalicarol
Porcelain veneers have long been a popular restorative option that
have evolved into a well- accepted treatment that can be fabricated
in various ways. Onlays are another common treatment modality
used in contemporary dentistry to restore large areas of decay and
to replace old restorations. With the availability of newer highstrength materials such as lithium disilicate and processing technologies like CAD/CAM and heat pressing, dental professionals
are now able to produce highly esthetic, high-strength restorations
that blend seamlessly with the natural dentition while also withstanding posterior occlusal forces. A tooth more complex restoration is required after endodontic treatment when compared to normal tooth restoration, because of factors such as extensive caries,
post-treatment root canal dentin and even the economics condition
of the patient.One such design proposed by Dr.Ronald E Goldstein
is “Veenerlay”or “Vonlay”. Vonlay is a blend of an onlay with an
extended buccal veneer surface for use in premolar region, where
there is sufficient enamel present to bond. This restorative option
requires a much less invasive preparation than a full coverage
crown but provides the same structural benefits. Thus, the aim of
this case report is to present a case of Vonlay following endodontic
treatement of lower mandibular premol
A COVID Journey in Diabetes: T1D Diabetes Patient 44 years - Winning in Insul...komalicarol
Complications of Hypoglycaemia, Hypoglycaemia
and Neuroglycopenia are often encountered by patients treated
with insulin. It is feared by patients and families often leading to
emotional and mental scars and can affect lifestyle and confidence.
Hypoglycaemia can occur in premature babies, persons with hypopituitarism and Addison’s Disease. Low blood glucose can affect
athletes and the elderly leading to falls. Cases are individual and
often difficult for families, clinicians, lawyers and courts to understand.
Loops Around the Heart – A Giant Snakelike Right Coronary Artery Ectasia with...komalicarol
Coronary artery dilatation is an uncommon finding and is incidentally found during diagnostic coronary angiography or at necropsy.
The pathogenesis of dilatation of coronary arteries is still not very
well understood and therapeutic strategies are not clear. It is useful to know the difference between aneurysm and ectasia. In this
report we demonstrate the diagnostic workup of an asymptomatic
patient with a remarkable snakelike dilatation of the right coronary
artery with unique convolute. For the first time we used intracoronary injection and simultaneous echocardiographic visualization
of contrast agent (Sonovue) to proof a fistula to the coronary sinus.
Like our patient, most of the patients are asymptomatic in absence
of coronary artery disease and we decided on a conservative approach because of his very complex anatomy
Skull Metastasis From Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma : Case Report and Literatur...komalicarol
Although papillary thyroid carcinoma is a relatively common form of malignancy, metastatic spread to the skull
is exceptional. Here, we report a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma revealed by frontal skull metastasis.
Diabetes and Covid-19 Pandemic - A T1 Patient Perspective - Derek C Beattykomalicarol
A patient treated and cared for by NHS Scotland and NHS England
the author has in his 44 years T1D Diabetes journey experienced
surgery provided by the NHS by way of Vitrectomy, Ophthalmic
laser and correction, and Orthopedic knee correction following
a balance issue associated with IV antibiotic treatment for Otitis
Externa and Osteomyelitis associated with long term T1 Diabetes
with neuropathy. Interestingly IV antibiotic treatment led to glycemic issues offering explanation as to why on occasion glycaemia
abnormalities can occur with antibiotic treatment for infection.
Growth Charts-Curves of Children's Height - How to Construct Themkomalicarol
A person born in 1990, for example, grew to one year old on his/
her birth day in 1991 and 17 years old in 2007. No one grows
to their 17 or 20 years old instantaneously. It takes a long-capricious time of mental and physical activities to grow. As regards
children’s milk consumption, for example, school lunch programs
were put into in practice on national scale only in the late 1990s.
Those in their late adolescence in 2007 were not the beneficiaries
of free milk, when they were in primary school.
Dermatological health in the COVID-19 erakomalicarol
COVID-19 and its impact on dermatological health was reviewed
from theoretical and statistical frameworks in the present study. A
cross-sectional and retrospective work was documented with a selection of sources indexed to Scopus, considering the period from
2019 to 2022, as well as the search by keywords. Approaches were
discussed in order to outline a comprehensive model that considered the differences between the parties involved, as well as their
relationships in a risk context. The proposal contributes to the state
of the question in terms of the prediction of contingencies derived
from the probability and affectation of dermatological health
The Importance of Framing at the Beginning of an Review Dialoguekomalicarol
Long-term care of patients with chronic conditions in general practice rarely focuses on the treatment process. A specific interaction
tool, the Review Dialogue (RD), has been developed to integrate
patients’ health-related problems/risks as well as coping strategies
and to agree upon shared treatment objectives assuming that periodical RDs will help to achieve them. Initiated by the GP, the RD
changes the role expectations of the patient and doctor. Therefore,
the framing of the encounters is of particular importance.
Early detection of interstitial lung disease in asymptomatic patients with 2-...komalicarol
Pulmonary involvement is a common manifestation of Dermatomyositis (DM), the most frequent histologic pattern being Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) which is a major contributor to
morbidity and mortality in these patients. Therefore, this disease
should be investigated and it is essential to perform pulmonary
function tests (PFTs) and High-Resolution Computed Tomography
(HRCT) early in the course of the disease to make a definitive
diagnosis. Nowadays, 2-deoxy-2-[18F] fluoro-D-glucose positron
emission tomography/computed tomography
Association between Galectin-3 and oxidative stress parameters with coronary ...komalicarol
Galectin-3 (Gal-3), as a mediator of inflammation and fibrosis, has been reported to be a biomarker of severity in
coronary artery disease (CAD). The study aimed to assess the relationships between coronary artery disease (CAD) and risk factors,
including parameters of oxidative stress in Tunisian patients CAD.
The risks of using 2,4?dinitrophenol (2,4?DNP) as a weight loss agent: a lite...komalicarol
The prevalence of obesity has steadily increased in response to
changes in diet and physical activity patterns over the past 10
years, becoming one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition, the popularity of social networks
has increased social and cultural pressure for the search for the
“perfect body”. These factors result in the search for fast and unconventional methods of weight loss, such as the use of weight
loss accelerating drugs. 2,4-Dinitrophenol (2-4-DNP or DNP) is
an industrial chemical used to lose weight quickly. Due to its great
potential for toxicity, its use has been banned in several countries
since 1938
Height is a measure of consumption that incorporates nutritional needs: When ...komalicarol
This document summarizes research on trends in height among children in Japan and South Korea from the mid-20th century onward. It finds that as the food supply and consumption of animal proteins increased in both countries following World War II and the Korean War, children grew taller. However, Japanese children stopped growing taller in the late 1980s while South Korean children continued increasing in height until the mid-2000s, eventually surpassing Japanese children. The author questions explanations that focus only on differences in ethnicity or animal protein consumption, noting changes in consumption of other nutrients may also play a role.
Successful management of a broken stylet retained in tracheobronchial tree-a ...komalicarol
This case report describes the successful removal of a broken piece of stylet from a patient's right main bronchus during intubation for surgery. During intubation using a video laryngoscope and stylet-guided endotracheal tube, the stylet broke off in the bronchus but was not noticed. Later, a nurse observed the stylet was shorter than expected. Bronchoscopy revealed the broken stylet fragment, which was then extracted without issue. The report discusses the importance of carefully checking equipment before and after intubation procedures to prevent such foreign body issues.
Risk Analysis of Secular Trends for a Later Age at MPV of Weight in an Earthq...komalicarol
The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred in 2011, bringing unprecedented damage to the Tohoku region of Japan. Today, after 11
years, the scars from that tremendous damage remain. The health
damage to young school children has been particularly great. One
may imagine a slowing trend in physical growth from the effects
of that disaster, but no clear findings have been reported.
Managment Of Long Term Care In Era Covid-19komalicarol
COVID-19 gives the chance to address long-term care categories
that are sometimes disregarded and undervalued, such as nursing
and residential homes, as well as homecare. Each method of delivering long-term care must meet the highest possible standards
of ongoing care and quality of life. More study and evaluation are
needed to aid decision-making and policy-making, particularly on
the cost-effectiveness and cost-quality elements for each country,
region, or system.
Renal failure and Quality ofLlife Indicators in Kidney Transplantationkomalicarol
This article discusses quality of life indicators for patients undergoing kidney transplantation. It reviews several tools used to measure quality of life, including the SF-36, EQ-5D, and KDQOL questionnaires. Overall quality of life is generally improved after a successful kidney transplant compared to dialysis. However, factors like side effects of immunosuppressive drugs and the risk of rejection can still impact quality of life. The article concludes that while transplantation is associated with lower mortality and better quality of life than long-term dialysis, certain patient and treatment factors must be considered when evaluating individual quality of life outcomes.
A case of childhood Burkitt's lymphoma with gingival swelling as the first sy...komalicarol
This case report describes a 4-year-old child who presented with gingival swelling as the initial symptom of Burkitt's lymphoma. The child was eventually diagnosed with stage IV Burkitt's lymphoma/leukemia based on bone marrow and genetic testing. After initial chemotherapy, the gingival swelling and right cheek swelling recurred, indicating disease recurrence. The child received further chemotherapy but ultimately passed away half a year later. This case highlights that gingival swelling can be an early oral symptom of systemic disease like Burkitt's lymphoma. Dentists and oral physicians play an important role in identifying signs of systemic conditions through oral examinations.
Neuropsychiatric Profiles of Brivaracetam: A Literature Reviewkomalicarol
Anti-seizure medications (ASMs) can cause cognitive or behavioral adverse drug reactions, which is a significant consideration
when selecting an appropriate ASM. Brivaracetam (BRV) is a
newer synaptic vesicle protein 2A ligand, which is expected to
have less neuropsychiatric adverse effects due to its mechanism of
action. To understand the impact of BRV on cognition and behavior compared with other ASMs, we conducted literatures searching
from PubMed and MEDLINE databases. After the screening process, a total of two animal studies, one randomized controlled trial, one pooled-analysis of clinical trials, one controlled study and
nine observational studies were included. Animal studies showed
that BRV did not worsen cognition or behavior performance in rodents. Human studies showed that BRV had less cognitive adverse
events compared with other second or third generation ASMs. In
addition, currently available evidence suggests that behavioral disturbance is less common with BRV compared with levetiracetam.
This review revealed that BRV has a limited impact on cognition
and behavior. For patients who are intolerant to levetiracetam
and have levetiracetam-related behavioral side effects, switching
to BRV could be beneficial. However, the heterogeneity between
studies makes the quality of the evidence weak and further trials
are needed to confirm the findings.
Clinical and evolutionary features of SARS CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) in chil...komalicarol
Starting with December 2019 the medical world has faced a
new challenge as a consequence of a new type of coronavirus-2019-nCoV, similar to several familiar strains that determine
a comparable symptomatology (SARS- severe acute respiratory syndrome, MERS- Middle East severe acute respiratory syndrome), subsequently named SARS CoV-2, while the disease it
causes- COVID-19. The virus is of animal origin and through an
intermediate host (probably also a mammal) it suffered genetic
changes thus acquiring human cells receptors. In consequence,
SARS CoV-2 virus affects both children and even more frequently where it determines more severe clinical forms of disease. In
children, COVID-19 has various clinical forms, from asymptomatic ones to severe ones, complicated by multisystem inflammatory
syndrome (MIS-C Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome – Child
or PIMS - TS (Paediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome
temporally associated with COVID-19) that sometimes can lead
to death
Viral load and antibody responses in an asymptomatic/minimally symptomatic SA...komalicarol
Asymptomatic patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are silent carriers of the disease. We
aimed to characterize their dynamics of disease occurrence, viral
shedding and antibody responses using a cohort of asymptomatic/
minimally symptomatic patients from Sri Lanka during the first
wave of COVID-19.
Vonlay; A paradigm shift in post endodontic restoration: A case report.komalicarol
Porcelain veneers have long been a popular restorative option that
have evolved into a well- accepted treatment that can be fabricated
in various ways. Onlays are another common treatment modality
used in contemporary dentistry to restore large areas of decay and
to replace old restorations. With the availability of newer highstrength materials such as lithium disilicate and processing technologies like CAD/CAM and heat pressing, dental professionals
are now able to produce highly esthetic, high-strength restorations
that blend seamlessly with the natural dentition while also withstanding posterior occlusal forces. A tooth more complex restoration is required after endodontic treatment when compared to normal tooth restoration, because of factors such as extensive caries,
post-treatment root canal dentin and even the economics condition
of the patient.One such design proposed by Dr.Ronald E Goldstein
is “Veenerlay”or “Vonlay”. Vonlay is a blend of an onlay with an
extended buccal veneer surface for use in premolar region, where
there is sufficient enamel present to bond. This restorative option
requires a much less invasive preparation than a full coverage
crown but provides the same structural benefits. Thus, the aim of
this case report is to present a case of Vonlay following endodontic
treatement of lower mandibular premol
A COVID Journey in Diabetes: T1D Diabetes Patient 44 years - Winning in Insul...komalicarol
Complications of Hypoglycaemia, Hypoglycaemia
and Neuroglycopenia are often encountered by patients treated
with insulin. It is feared by patients and families often leading to
emotional and mental scars and can affect lifestyle and confidence.
Hypoglycaemia can occur in premature babies, persons with hypopituitarism and Addison’s Disease. Low blood glucose can affect
athletes and the elderly leading to falls. Cases are individual and
often difficult for families, clinicians, lawyers and courts to understand.
Loops Around the Heart – A Giant Snakelike Right Coronary Artery Ectasia with...komalicarol
Coronary artery dilatation is an uncommon finding and is incidentally found during diagnostic coronary angiography or at necropsy.
The pathogenesis of dilatation of coronary arteries is still not very
well understood and therapeutic strategies are not clear. It is useful to know the difference between aneurysm and ectasia. In this
report we demonstrate the diagnostic workup of an asymptomatic
patient with a remarkable snakelike dilatation of the right coronary
artery with unique convolute. For the first time we used intracoronary injection and simultaneous echocardiographic visualization
of contrast agent (Sonovue) to proof a fistula to the coronary sinus.
Like our patient, most of the patients are asymptomatic in absence
of coronary artery disease and we decided on a conservative approach because of his very complex anatomy
Skull Metastasis From Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma : Case Report and Literatur...komalicarol
Although papillary thyroid carcinoma is a relatively common form of malignancy, metastatic spread to the skull
is exceptional. Here, we report a case of papillary thyroid carcinoma revealed by frontal skull metastasis.
Diabetes and Covid-19 Pandemic - A T1 Patient Perspective - Derek C Beattykomalicarol
A patient treated and cared for by NHS Scotland and NHS England
the author has in his 44 years T1D Diabetes journey experienced
surgery provided by the NHS by way of Vitrectomy, Ophthalmic
laser and correction, and Orthopedic knee correction following
a balance issue associated with IV antibiotic treatment for Otitis
Externa and Osteomyelitis associated with long term T1 Diabetes
with neuropathy. Interestingly IV antibiotic treatment led to glycemic issues offering explanation as to why on occasion glycaemia
abnormalities can occur with antibiotic treatment for infection.
Growth Charts-Curves of Children's Height - How to Construct Themkomalicarol
A person born in 1990, for example, grew to one year old on his/
her birth day in 1991 and 17 years old in 2007. No one grows
to their 17 or 20 years old instantaneously. It takes a long-capricious time of mental and physical activities to grow. As regards
children’s milk consumption, for example, school lunch programs
were put into in practice on national scale only in the late 1990s.
Those in their late adolescence in 2007 were not the beneficiaries
of free milk, when they were in primary school.
Dermatological health in the COVID-19 erakomalicarol
COVID-19 and its impact on dermatological health was reviewed
from theoretical and statistical frameworks in the present study. A
cross-sectional and retrospective work was documented with a selection of sources indexed to Scopus, considering the period from
2019 to 2022, as well as the search by keywords. Approaches were
discussed in order to outline a comprehensive model that considered the differences between the parties involved, as well as their
relationships in a risk context. The proposal contributes to the state
of the question in terms of the prediction of contingencies derived
from the probability and affectation of dermatological health
The Importance of Framing at the Beginning of an Review Dialoguekomalicarol
Long-term care of patients with chronic conditions in general practice rarely focuses on the treatment process. A specific interaction
tool, the Review Dialogue (RD), has been developed to integrate
patients’ health-related problems/risks as well as coping strategies
and to agree upon shared treatment objectives assuming that periodical RDs will help to achieve them. Initiated by the GP, the RD
changes the role expectations of the patient and doctor. Therefore,
the framing of the encounters is of particular importance.
Early detection of interstitial lung disease in asymptomatic patients with 2-...komalicarol
Pulmonary involvement is a common manifestation of Dermatomyositis (DM), the most frequent histologic pattern being Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) which is a major contributor to
morbidity and mortality in these patients. Therefore, this disease
should be investigated and it is essential to perform pulmonary
function tests (PFTs) and High-Resolution Computed Tomography
(HRCT) early in the course of the disease to make a definitive
diagnosis. Nowadays, 2-deoxy-2-[18F] fluoro-D-glucose positron
emission tomography/computed tomography
Association between Galectin-3 and oxidative stress parameters with coronary ...komalicarol
Galectin-3 (Gal-3), as a mediator of inflammation and fibrosis, has been reported to be a biomarker of severity in
coronary artery disease (CAD). The study aimed to assess the relationships between coronary artery disease (CAD) and risk factors,
including parameters of oxidative stress in Tunisian patients CAD.
The risks of using 2,4?dinitrophenol (2,4?DNP) as a weight loss agent: a lite...komalicarol
The prevalence of obesity has steadily increased in response to
changes in diet and physical activity patterns over the past 10
years, becoming one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In addition, the popularity of social networks
has increased social and cultural pressure for the search for the
“perfect body”. These factors result in the search for fast and unconventional methods of weight loss, such as the use of weight
loss accelerating drugs. 2,4-Dinitrophenol (2-4-DNP or DNP) is
an industrial chemical used to lose weight quickly. Due to its great
potential for toxicity, its use has been banned in several countries
since 1938
Height is a measure of consumption that incorporates nutritional needs: When ...komalicarol
This document summarizes research on trends in height among children in Japan and South Korea from the mid-20th century onward. It finds that as the food supply and consumption of animal proteins increased in both countries following World War II and the Korean War, children grew taller. However, Japanese children stopped growing taller in the late 1980s while South Korean children continued increasing in height until the mid-2000s, eventually surpassing Japanese children. The author questions explanations that focus only on differences in ethnicity or animal protein consumption, noting changes in consumption of other nutrients may also play a role.
Successful management of a broken stylet retained in tracheobronchial tree-a ...komalicarol
This case report describes the successful removal of a broken piece of stylet from a patient's right main bronchus during intubation for surgery. During intubation using a video laryngoscope and stylet-guided endotracheal tube, the stylet broke off in the bronchus but was not noticed. Later, a nurse observed the stylet was shorter than expected. Bronchoscopy revealed the broken stylet fragment, which was then extracted without issue. The report discusses the importance of carefully checking equipment before and after intubation procedures to prevent such foreign body issues.
Risk Analysis of Secular Trends for a Later Age at MPV of Weight in an Earthq...komalicarol
The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred in 2011, bringing unprecedented damage to the Tohoku region of Japan. Today, after 11
years, the scars from that tremendous damage remain. The health
damage to young school children has been particularly great. One
may imagine a slowing trend in physical growth from the effects
of that disaster, but no clear findings have been reported.
Selective alpha1 blockers are Prazosin, Terazosin, Doxazosin, Tamsulosin and Silodosin majorly used to treat BPH, also hypertension, PTSD, Raynaud's phenomenon, CHF
Nano-gold for Cancer Therapy chemistry investigatory projectSIVAVINAYAKPK
chemistry investigatory project
The development of nanogold-based cancer therapy could revolutionize oncology by providing a more targeted, less invasive treatment option. This project contributes to the growing body of research aimed at harnessing nanotechnology for medical applications, paving the way for future clinical trials and potential commercial applications.
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide, prompting the need for innovative treatment methods. Nanotechnology offers promising new approaches, including the use of gold nanoparticles (nanogold) for targeted cancer therapy. Nanogold particles possess unique physical and chemical properties that make them suitable for drug delivery, imaging, and photothermal therapy.
Applications of NMR in Protein Structure Prediction.pptxAnagha R Anil
This presentation explores the pivotal role of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy in predicting protein structures. It delves into the methodologies, advancements, and applications of NMR in determining the three-dimensional configurations of proteins, which is crucial for understanding their function and interactions.
Receptor Discordance in Breast Carcinoma During the Course of Life
Definition:
Receptor discordance refers to changes in the status of hormone receptors (estrogen receptor ERα, progesterone receptor PgR, and HER2) in breast cancer tumors over time or between primary and metastatic sites.
Causes:
Tumor Evolution:
Genetic and epigenetic changes during tumor progression can lead to alterations in receptor status.
Treatment Effects:
Therapies, especially endocrine and targeted therapies, can selectively pressure tumor cells, causing shifts in receptor expression.
Heterogeneity:
Inherent heterogeneity within the tumor can result in subpopulations of cells with different receptor statuses.
Impact on Treatment:
Therapeutic Resistance:
Loss of ERα or PgR can lead to resistance to endocrine therapies.
HER2 discordance affects the efficacy of HER2-targeted treatments.
Treatment Adjustment:
Regular reassessment of receptor status may be necessary to adjust treatment strategies appropriately.
Clinical Implications:
Prognosis:
Receptor discordance is often associated with a poorer prognosis.
Biopsies:
Obtaining biopsies from metastatic sites is crucial for accurate receptor status assessment and effective treatment planning.
Monitoring:
Continuous monitoring of receptor status throughout the disease course can guide personalized therapy adjustments.
Understanding and managing receptor discordance is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes and improving the prognosis for breast cancer patients.
Allopurinol, a uric acid synthesis inhibitor acts by inhibiting Xanthine oxidase competitively as well as non- competitively, Whereas Oxypurinol is a non-competitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.
PGx Analysis in VarSeq: A User’s PerspectiveGolden Helix
Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
STUDIES IN SUPPORT OF SPECIAL POPULATIONS: GERIATRICS E7shruti jagirdar
Unit 4: MRA 103T Regulatory affairs
This guideline is directed principally toward new Molecular Entities that are
likely to have significant use in the elderly, either because the disease intended
to be treated is characteristically a disease of aging ( e.g., Alzheimer's disease) or
because the population to be treated is known to include substantial numbers of
geriatric patients (e.g., hypertension).
Congestive Heart failure is caused by low cardiac output and high sympathetic discharge. Diuretics reduce preload, ACE inhibitors lower afterload, beta blockers reduce sympathetic activity, and digitalis has inotropic effects. Newer medications target vasodilation and myosin activation to improve heart efficiency while lowering energy requirements. Combination therapy, following an assessment of cardiac function and volume status, is the most effective strategy to heart failure care.
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/RvdYsTzgQq8
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/ECILGWtgZko
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
2. http://www.acmcasereport.com/ 2
Volume 8 Issue 17 -2022 Case Report
side colon wall, multiple low enhanced lesions in liver and kidneys
and multiple newly appearing lymphadenopathies in mediastinal,
mesenteric and para-abdominal aortic areas with some particularly
enlarged abdominal lymph nodes that were up to 2-3cm diameters
with central liquefactive necrosis [Figure 2B]. Those image results
were confirmed by enhanced MR scan [Figure 2A]. Colonoscopy
demonstrated active ulcerative colitis that affected from the trans-
verse colon near the hepatic flexure to the descending colon [Fig-
ure 1A, 1B]. She was diagnosed as ulcerative colitis. Pathological
nature of the enlarged abdominal lymphadenopathies and hepatic
and renal lesions were considered including multi-organ infectious
lesions, which is reasonable considering her immunocompromised
status due to colitis and past history of using corticosteroid, and
lymphoma which have been reported repeatedly in patients of in-
flammatory bowel disease with lymphadenopathy. She was admin-
istrated with broad spectrum antibiotics for 3 weeks (Ertapenem 1g
every day for a week, Cefoperazone/Sulbactam 3g every 8 hours
with Ornidazole 0.5g every 12 hours for a week and levofloxacin
0.4g every day with Ornidazole 0.5g every 12 hours for a week).
Her peripheral white cell count was moderately improved. How-
ever, activity of bowel disease and other manifestations showed
much less alleviation. PET-CT scan was conducted that showed no
indication of lymphoma. We also performed endoscopic ultraso-
nography with fine needle aspiration [EUS-FNA]. Results of EUS
coincided with CT and MR scan and FNA acquired 2ml of puru-
lent fluid which was further sent to bacteria, fungi and tuberculo-
sis cultures, Next Generation Sequencing [NGS] for pathogens,
pathological examination and cytological smears [Figure 3]. Evi-
dence of infectious pathogen was negative and pathological exam
demonstrated necrotic tissue with neutrophils infiltration. Hip
joints MR scan was also performed with experienced rheumatolo-
gist’s evaluation that confirmed polyarthritis. We finally diagnosed
her as ulcerative colitis (chronic relapse, pancolitis, moderate to
severe activity), aseptic abscesses (mesenteric lymph nodes, liver
and kidneys), musculoskeletal manifestation (peripheral arthrop-
athy) and recommended vedolizumab for her. We then witnessed
a dramatic remission of her intestinal and articular symptoms and
improvement of her lymphatic enlargement, hepatic and renal le-
sions that were confirmed by colonoscopy and MR scan at the time
of 4-month follow-up [Figure 1C, 1D, 2C and 2D]. Her hemoglo-
bin and albumin levels gradually recovered to normal and inflam-
matory markers such as CRP decreased accordingly. Till the time
this report written, it has been 9 months since vedolizumab therapy
began, she came back to hospital periodically for continuous treat-
ment and surveillance, and there’s no sign of any sort of relapse.
Figure 1: Colonoscopy images of transverse colon and descending colon before and after 4 months of treatment.
Colonoscopy showed friable mucosa, diffused mucosal congestion and edema with flaky ulcers and erosions covered with mucopurulent secretions and
lack of vascular pattern in the descending colon (A) and transverse colon (B) at the time of admission and recovered mucosa with nascent granulation
tissue and inflammatory polyps in the descending colon (C) and transverse colon (D) 4 months after treated with vedolizumab.
3. http://www.acmcasereport.com/ 3
Volume 8 Issue 17 -2022 Case Report
Figure 2:Abdominal radiological images demonstrating hepatic and renal lesions and aseptic abscesses before and after 4 months of treatment.
MRI (A, C) and CT (B, D) scan of upper-abdomen showed multiple lesions in live and kidneys (green arrows) and enlarged abdominal lymph node
with central liquefactive necrosis (yellow arrows) at the time of admission (A, B). After treated with vedolizumab, the lesions decreased in sizes (B, D).
Figure 3: Endoscopic ultrasonography and fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) of the enlarged and necrotic lymph nodes.
EUS demonstrated abdominal enlarged lymph nodes with central liquefactive necrosis (A). Fine needle aspiration was performed and 2ml of purulent
fluid was acquired (B and C).
4. Discussion
To our knowledge, this is the first case of ulcerative colitis with
aseptic abscesses treated with vedolizumab that showed a prom-
ising result during at least 9 months follow-up. Aseptic abscesses
were first described in 1995 by Andre et al. in patients with ab-
scesses that could not be explained by infection because of un-
responsiveness to antibiotics and sensitivity to corticosteroid [2].
It often associates with systemic inflammatory conditions, mostly
IBD as one of extraintestinal manifestation [6, 7]. Similar to neu-
trophilic dermatosis such as Pyoderma Gangrenosum and Sweet’s
Syndrome which are two types of more often seen dermatological
manifestations of IBD, histopathological characteristics of AA is
sterile predominant neutrophils infiltration of the deep tissues [6].
There is currently no diagnostic criterion for AA. However, An-
dre and colleagues came up with a set of common characteristics
base on case series for clinicians to evaluate AA: (1) deep abscess-
es with neutrophilic features; (2) negative findings of causative
infectious pathogen from serological tests and cultures of blood
and aspiration sample; (3) failure of broad-spectrum antibiotics;
(4) clinical improvement on corticosteroid therapy with or without
additional immunosuppressant which is confirmed by radiologic
evidence [3]. According to the latest literature review by Yama-
guchi. Y and teammates, 43 patients of IBD-associated AA were
identified in MEDLINE from 1994 to 2020. Patients may present
with fever, abdominal pain, weight loss and diarrhea. Lesions may
be located at spleen, liver, lymph nodes, muscles, kidneys, sternum
and other locations in very rare cases. Patients may coincide with
other EIM of IBD such as arthritis, myalgia, neutrophilic dermato-
sis, aphthous ulcer, panniculitis and polyneuropathy. Several treat-
ments had been reported including corticosteroids which is most
often mentioned, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate,
granulocytapheresis, adalimumab, infliximab and surgical proce-
dures such as splenectomy, incision and drainage, laparoscopic
biopsy of lymph nodes [1]. In this case, we regarded this patient
as IBD-associated AAs according to results of pathogen tests, his-
topathological findings and therapeutic effect of broad-spectrum
antibiotics. However, other differential diagnoses such as oppor-
tunistic infection, lymphoma and tuberculosis infection couldn’t
4. http://www.acmcasereport.com/ 4
Volume 8 Issue 17 -2022 Case Report
be excluded. Thus, among several therapeutic options including
corticosteroid, anti-TNF biologics, and anti-Integrin biologics,
we deemed vedolizumab as the optimal choice for her from the
perspective of safety because of its intestinal selectivity. Outcome
of this treatment was inspiring for not only remission of colonic
mucosal inflammation but also alleviation of AAs and arthralgias.
Inflammatory bowel disease is not limited to the digestive tract
and is regarded as a systemic immune disorder with nearly one
half of patients experiencing extraintestinal manifestations which
involve multiple organs and systems including musculoskele-
tal system, skin, ocular organ and hepatobiliary tract and others
[8]. The pathophysiological mechanism of EIMs is unclear with
several hypotheses. Either they could be the result of intestinal
immune activation with inflammatory cells and cytokines subse-
quently trafficking or diffusing to extraintestinal target organs, or
they, together with gastrointestinal tract, could be simultaneously
involved by systemic immune disturbance [3]. Vedolizumab is a
gut-selective antibody to α4β7 integrin for treatment of moder-
ate-severe IBD. Studies have shown long-term effectiveness and
a favorable safety profile of vedolizumab with low incidence rates
of serious infections and malignancies at least partially due to its
selectivity [9, 10]. It is uncertain whether a gut-selective action is
suitable for controlling EIMs such as aseptic abscesses and mus-
culoskeletal manifestations. In a systemic review worked by Han-
zel. J and team, vedolizumab may be effective for musculoskeletal
EIMs associated with disease activity [3]. There were case reports
suggesting that vedolizumab could be effective for pyoderma gan-
grenosum according to Groudan K. et al., Fleisher M. et al. and
Shibuya T. et al. [11, 12, 13]. However, there were no randomized
controlled trials that specifically study the efficacy of vedolizumab
for IBD related EIMs especially aseptic abscesses and arthropathy,
and evidence from different observational studies are of modest
quality. Thus, large-scale well-designed prospective studies are
needed in the future in order to definitively answer such questions.
References
1. Yamaguchi Y, Nakagawa M, Nakagawa S. Rapidly Progressing
Aseptic Abscesses in a Patient with Ulcerative Colitis. Intern Med.
2021; 60(5): 725-730.
2. Sakharpe AK, Sakharpe AK, Mirmanesh M. A case and review of
aseptic liver abscess in Crohn’s disease. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2016;
31(3): 787-788.
3. Hanzel J, Ma C, Casteele NV, Khanna R, Jairath V, Feagan BG.
Vedolizumab and Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory
Bowel Disease [published correction appears in Drugs. 2021 Aug
28;:]. Drugs. 2021; 81(3): 333-347.
4. Bollegala N, Khan R, Scaffidi MA. Aseptic Abscesses and Inflam-
matory Bowel Disease: Two Cases and Review of Literature. Can J
Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2017; 2017: 5124354.
5. Feagan BG, Sandborn WJ, Colombel JF. Incidence of Arthritis/Ar-
thralgia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease with Long-term Vedolizum-
ab Treatment: Post Hoc Analyses of the GEMINI Trials. J Crohns
Colitis. 2019; 13(1): 50-57.
6. Fillman H, Riquelme P, Sullivan PD, Mansoor AM. Aseptic abscess
syndrome. BMJ Case Rep. 2020; 13(10): e236437.
7. Antonelli E, Bassotti G, Tramontana M. Dermatological Manifes-
tations in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. J Clin Med. 2021; 10(2):
364.
8. Vavricka SR, Schoepfer A, Scharl M, Lakatos PL, Navarini A,
Rogler G. Extraintestinal Manifestations of Inflammatory Bowel
Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2015; 21(8): 1982-1992.
9. Loftus EV Jr, Colombel JF, Feagan BG. Long-term Efficacy of
Vedolizumab for Ulcerative Colitis. J Crohns Colitis. 2017; 11(4):
400-411.
10. Colombel JF, Sands BE, Rutgeerts P. The safety of vedolizumab for
ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Gut. 2017; 66(5): 839-851.
11. Shibuya T, Haga K, Saeki M. Pyoderma gangrenosum in an ulcer-
ative colitis patient during treatment with vedolizumab responded
favorably to adsorptive granulocyte and monocyte apheresis. J Clin
Apher. 2020; 35(5): 488-492.
12. Groudan K, Gupta K, Singhania R. Vedolizumab (Entyvio®) for the
Treatment of Pyoderma Gangrenosum in a Crohn’s Disease Patient.
Cureus. 2021; 13(1): e12582.
13. Fleisher M, Marsal J, Lee SD. Effects of Vedolizumab Therapy on
Extraintestinal Manifestations in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Dig
Dis Sci. 2018; 63(4): 825-833.