2. Land Stock
Distribution of Land Resources of Ukraine (as of January 1,
2002)
71%
17%
2% 4% 4%
2%
agricultural lands
forest stock lands
developed lands
water stock lands
open wetlands
other lands
3. Agricultural Lands in Ukraine, % (1)
Structure of Agricultural Lands in Ukraine, % (as
of 01.11.1990)
80%
3%
5%
12%
Arable lands
Perenial Plants
Hay Lands
Pastures
Structure of Agricultural Lands in Ukraine, %
(as of 01.01.2002)
78%
1%
2%
6%
13%
Arable lands
Long Fallow
Perenial Plants
Hay Lands
Pastures
4. Agricultural Lands in Ukraine, % (2)
Distribution of Agricultural Lands According to Forms Of
Ownership, %
2% State ownership
69% 29%
(12011.0 ha)
Private ownership
(29493.6 ha)
Joint ownership of legal
entities (312.4 thous.ha)
5. Main sources of agricultural pollution
• Tillage of slopes;
• Obsolete technology of application of chemicals and
organic fertilizers;
• Manure management.
6. Soil loss and associated water pollution (1)
• annual humus loss amounts from 0.6 to 1 t/ha*
• 80 ml. tones of soil with the content of 120 th. tons of
nitrogen and 80 th. tons of phosphorous is being
washed out annually. On the slopes 20 % of nitrogen, 2-
5 % of phosphorous and 10-70 % potassium are dashed
out of fertilizers.
•Data of Ukrainian Academy of Agrarian Sciences
8. Pesticides
• 13,5 th. tons of pesticides were applied on 12,9 mln. ha in 2000*
• Application was 8 times less in terms of volume and 2.2 times less in terms
of the area where fertillizers were applied in comparison with 1990 level.
• Share of pesticides per 1 ha of agricultural lands equaled 0,4 kg (2000) what
is 2.8 less than was applied in the 1990
*according to Ministry of Agrarian Policy
9. Application of mineral fertilizers (1)
Application of fertilizers by agricultural farms (thousand tons)
4241.6
278.7
401.0 399.2
4500.0
4000.0
3500.0
3000.0
2500.0
2000.0
1500.0
1000.0
500.0
0.0
1990 2000 2001 2002
10. Application of mineral fertilizers (2)
25090.1
Area (thousand hectares)
4632.1 6388.1 6226.4
30000.0
25000.0
20000.0
15000.0
10000.0
5000.0
0.0
1990 2000 2001 2002
11. Application of organic fertilizers
Application of organic fertilizers by agricultural farms (th. tons)
257130.8
28410.1 26534.8 22685.1
300000.0
250000.0
200000.0
150000.0
100000.0
50000.0
0.0
1990 2000 2001 2002
12. Application of mineral
fertilizers in Azov-Black Sea Region (th. tons)
941.4
61.2 92.0
113.6
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
1990 2000 2001 2002
13. Application of organic fertilizers in Azov-
Black Sea Region (thousand tons)
59201.2
2711.5 2903.9 2612
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
1990 2000 2001 2002
14. Recommendations in nutrient management
• Ban on tillage of river banks, slopes;
• Afforestation and meadow creation in order to prevent water and wind
erosion;
• Meeting necessary requirements in application of fertilizers in terms of
volumes, technology and timing of application :
• Sowing and crop rotation practices to reduce water erosion and NPK
migration upon soil;
• Sound management of discharge waters from cattle breeding farms;
• Careful manure management in the neighborhood of water bodies;
• Awareness raising among farmers regarding environmental issues and
environmentally sound agricultural technologies
15. Azov Black Sea Corridor Biodiversity Conservation
Project – Agricultural Component (1)
Improvements in crop and soil management through:
•conservation tillage and contour tillage practices;
•Improvement of manure management;
•maximizing duration of soil coverage by crops, through increased
use of winter crops, leaving stubble fields unplowed until spring
and establishing perennial pastures and hay meadows;
•Implementation of nutrient management plans ;
•promoting natural species diversification and higher levels of
agricultural biodiversity; and
•selection of pasture species to improve soil coverage and drought
resistance.
16. Azov Black Sea Corridor Biodiversity Conservation
Project – Agricultural Component (2)
Improvement in landscape and habitat management by:
• reducing tillage on slopes in excess of 5 degrees;
• restoring biodiversity in degraded and unproductive agricultural
areas through natural recovery (e.g., by reducing or eliminating
grazing pressure on unplowed steppe);
• improving the management of tree shelter belts to reduce wind
erosion and maintain landscape and species diversity;
• creating no-till buffer strips along watercourses to reduce water erosion
and water pollution;
• creating artificial wetlands/reedbeds for wildlife and where eutrophying
solutes can degrade before discharge to stream courses and the Black
Sea.
