The document summarizes proposed research on the Birds Nest aquifer in the Uinta Basin, Utah. The research aims to better understand the aquifer's relationship to fresh water resources and potential impacts on future oil shale development through studies of core data, geophysical well logs, and fieldwork to create maps and cross sections. The research also seeks to determine how gilsonite veins and the relationship to the Horse Bench Sandstone may influence water flow within the aquifer.
This document describes the general construction process and methods for building the fixed guideway system. Foundations would primarily use drilled shafts, which involve drilling deep holes and filling them with concrete. Where drilled shafts are not suitable, driven piles with pile caps would be used instead. The superstructure would largely consist of precast concrete segments erected span by span using an overhead gantry to minimize impacts. Utilities conflicting with construction would be relocated both above and below ground before major work begins.
International law of water courses 4 principlesManar Ramadan
This presentation explains the 4 laws of international water courses showing case studies from Rio de grand river conflict, Nile River conflicts, and few conflicts in some Indian rivers
1. The study found high methane concentrations in drinking water wells located within 1 km of active shale gas wells, which had a thermogenic isotopic fingerprint matching the Marcellus gas. Wells further than 1 km had lower methane concentrations and different isotopic compositions.
2. No evidence was found of chemical contamination of drinking water from shale gas operations. However, some data showed possible hydraulic connectivity between deep Marcellus formations and shallow aquifers in Pennsylvania.
3. Disposal of produced water into surface water poses significant risks of salinization, accumulation of toxins like barium and radionuclides, with impacts extending hundreds of meters downstream. Sustainable shale gas development needs to address environmental issues from
Geography gcse mock and examination preparation bookletMr Hunt
The document provides guidance for students taking a geography GCSE mock exam, outlining the areas and topics that will be covered. It includes sections on plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, rivers, coastal landforms, and water supply. Students are advised to bring writing implements and a calculator. Key concepts are defined in a glossary. Flash cards summarize key processes, landforms, and management strategies related to various physical geography topics.
This document discusses artificial groundwater recharge. It begins by defining artificial recharge as augmenting groundwater at a higher rate than natural conditions. Areas suitable for recharge are identified as those with declining water levels. Methods of recharge discussed include surface spreading using basins and tanks, as well as sub-surface techniques like recharge wells, pits, and shafts. Induced recharge is also covered. The document concludes that artificial recharge can increase groundwater availability and quality while reducing runoff, though sustainable management is still needed.
The document discusses various groundwater improvement techniques, including both direct and indirect artificial recharge methods. Direct surface methods like percolation tanks, flooding, stream augmentation, and ditch/furrow systems enhance groundwater infiltration. Direct subsurface methods include recharge wells, dug wells, and pits/shafts that allow direct recharge. Indirect methods are induced recharge, which uses pumping to induce surface water infiltration, and aquifer modification methods that alter characteristics to improve storage and flow. The techniques described can help maximize storage, improve water quality, and replenish overexploited aquifers.
This document discusses various methods of water purification and identifies the most appropriate methods based on different situations. It identifies boiling, filtering, distilling, and chlorination as common purification methods. Distilling is considered the most effective as it removes the widest range of contaminants, but has limitations as it removes minerals. The appropriate method depends on factors like local water quality, cost, and performance of the system. Groups will present creative ways to purify water and discuss limitations of distilling.
This document provides information on conducting a health examination, including definitions, indications, techniques, equipment, positioning, preparing the patient and environment, and assessing different body systems. A health examination involves systematically assessing the general physical and mental condition of the body through the senses of inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation. It is important to prepare the patient and environment, use the proper equipment and techniques, and document examination findings.
This document describes the general construction process and methods for building the fixed guideway system. Foundations would primarily use drilled shafts, which involve drilling deep holes and filling them with concrete. Where drilled shafts are not suitable, driven piles with pile caps would be used instead. The superstructure would largely consist of precast concrete segments erected span by span using an overhead gantry to minimize impacts. Utilities conflicting with construction would be relocated both above and below ground before major work begins.
International law of water courses 4 principlesManar Ramadan
This presentation explains the 4 laws of international water courses showing case studies from Rio de grand river conflict, Nile River conflicts, and few conflicts in some Indian rivers
1. The study found high methane concentrations in drinking water wells located within 1 km of active shale gas wells, which had a thermogenic isotopic fingerprint matching the Marcellus gas. Wells further than 1 km had lower methane concentrations and different isotopic compositions.
2. No evidence was found of chemical contamination of drinking water from shale gas operations. However, some data showed possible hydraulic connectivity between deep Marcellus formations and shallow aquifers in Pennsylvania.
3. Disposal of produced water into surface water poses significant risks of salinization, accumulation of toxins like barium and radionuclides, with impacts extending hundreds of meters downstream. Sustainable shale gas development needs to address environmental issues from
Geography gcse mock and examination preparation bookletMr Hunt
The document provides guidance for students taking a geography GCSE mock exam, outlining the areas and topics that will be covered. It includes sections on plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, rivers, coastal landforms, and water supply. Students are advised to bring writing implements and a calculator. Key concepts are defined in a glossary. Flash cards summarize key processes, landforms, and management strategies related to various physical geography topics.
This document discusses artificial groundwater recharge. It begins by defining artificial recharge as augmenting groundwater at a higher rate than natural conditions. Areas suitable for recharge are identified as those with declining water levels. Methods of recharge discussed include surface spreading using basins and tanks, as well as sub-surface techniques like recharge wells, pits, and shafts. Induced recharge is also covered. The document concludes that artificial recharge can increase groundwater availability and quality while reducing runoff, though sustainable management is still needed.
The document discusses various groundwater improvement techniques, including both direct and indirect artificial recharge methods. Direct surface methods like percolation tanks, flooding, stream augmentation, and ditch/furrow systems enhance groundwater infiltration. Direct subsurface methods include recharge wells, dug wells, and pits/shafts that allow direct recharge. Indirect methods are induced recharge, which uses pumping to induce surface water infiltration, and aquifer modification methods that alter characteristics to improve storage and flow. The techniques described can help maximize storage, improve water quality, and replenish overexploited aquifers.
This document discusses various methods of water purification and identifies the most appropriate methods based on different situations. It identifies boiling, filtering, distilling, and chlorination as common purification methods. Distilling is considered the most effective as it removes the widest range of contaminants, but has limitations as it removes minerals. The appropriate method depends on factors like local water quality, cost, and performance of the system. Groups will present creative ways to purify water and discuss limitations of distilling.
This document provides information on conducting a health examination, including definitions, indications, techniques, equipment, positioning, preparing the patient and environment, and assessing different body systems. A health examination involves systematically assessing the general physical and mental condition of the body through the senses of inspection, palpation, percussion, and auscultation. It is important to prepare the patient and environment, use the proper equipment and techniques, and document examination findings.
The Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory is a cooperative effort between the Utah Department of Agriculture and Food and Utah State University that provides laboratory testing and expertise to protect animal health, promote Utah's agricultural economy, and protect public health. It serves various groups including animal owners, veterinarians, and regulatory agencies. While accredited nationally, it has been running deficits in recent years as public funding has remained flat while operating costs have increased, leading to consequences like higher user fees, outsourcing tests, eliminating positions, and inability to adopt new technologies.
This document presents a report on health disparities by Utah state legislative district published by the Utah Department of Health Office of Health Disparities in January 2019. It includes profiles for each of Utah's 29 state senate districts and 75 state house districts that provide information on health indicators and disparities. The report utilizes Utah Small Areas, which group similar communities within legislative districts, and the Utah Health Improvement Index to assess health equity across districts in a novel way. The goal is to empower elected officials to address health disparities and improve outcomes in their constituencies.
Localscapes is a program created to promote more water-efficient landscaping in Utah. It provides a 5-step process for designing a landscape using local plants with less watering needed. Cost comparisons showed that a Localscapes design for a 0.22 acre property would save over 130,000 gallons of water per year compared to a traditional design, while only costing $1,873 more on average. The program offers rebates and incentives for homeowners who work with approved landscape professionals to install a qualifying Localscapes design. It is partnering with various organizations and growing a network of landscape designers, contractors, and retailers to promote water-efficient landscaping.
This document summarizes the results of surveys conducted between 1987-2017 to determine the success of a translocation program that aimed to reestablish a desert tortoise population in Zone 4. Key findings include:
1) Tortoise density and abundance have increased over time, from undetected in 1987-91 to 13.4 tortoises/sq km in 2017, compared to 19.6 tortoises/sq km in the reserve.
2) Translocated adult tortoises exhibited higher growth rates than reserve tortoises.
3) Translocated tortoises displayed high site fidelity within Zone 4 despite some movement greater than tortoises in other zones.
4) Mortality risks like
The Logan River Observatory collects and stores water quality and flow data from the Logan River and its tributaries. This data is used to inform water resource decisions, support education programs, and further understanding of issues like stormwater and drinking water. The observatory works with local agencies, researchers, and communities to ensure the data is accessible and can support efforts to manage water resources, balance competing demands, and plan for a changing climate.
This document outlines several workforce development programs in Utah receiving funding from Talent Ready Utah. Weber State University is leading programs in building design and construction and cybersecurity with ongoing funding of $260,000 and $295,000 respectively. Utah State University is leading a core IT statewide stackable credential pathway with $370,000 in ongoing funding.
The Utah Division of Forestry, Fire and State Lands is requesting appropriations for FY20. In 2018, Utah saw its most expensive and active fire season on record, with over 486,000 acres burned at an estimated cost of $42 million to the state. The Division is requesting $19.8 million in supplemental funding for 2018 fire suppression and rehabilitation costs. The Division also manages over 1.5 million acres of sovereign lands and provides forestry assistance. The document outlines several ongoing and one-time funding requests to support phragmites control on Great Salt Lake, management plans for Bear Lake and Dalton Wells, a land lease database, and the Catastrophic Wildfire Reduction Strategy.
The Division of Wildlife Resources director Mike Fowlks presented on February 1, 2019. Their mission is to serve Utah as trustee and guardian of the state's wildlife with a hardworking staff. Funding comes from various sources including general funds, restricted funds, dedicated credits, and federal funds. The division has improved technology efficiencies and completed a nature center. Winter conditions so far have provided good snow and wildlife are doing well. Ongoing drought and wildfires threaten wildlife habitat while aquatic invasive species require ongoing monitoring. A request was made for $405,000 to address these species. A $35,000,000 budget request was made to acquire the Tabby Mountain property to conserve wildlife habitat through various funding sources including general funds
The Utah Department of Transportation presented on several infrastructure and transportation projects and funding requests to the Infrastructure & General Government Appropriations Committee. They discussed the I-15 Technology Corridor project, data and input for long-range planning, implementing Senate Bill 136 which reorganized UDOT, and funding requests for aircraft replacement and maintenance in the Aeronautics program. They also requested additional funds for local government land use and planning technical assistance.
The document provides an overview of the Utah System of Technical Colleges' (UTech) proposed FY 2020 budget. It outlines five funding priorities: 1) employee compensation increases, 2) $7 million for employer-driven program expansion and student support, 3) $3 million for equipment funds, 4) $650,000 for Custom Fit program, and 5) $250,000 for additional data analyst and software engineer positions for the system office. The budget request aims to increase program offerings, student support, and system analytics capabilities to further align technical education with employer needs and economic growth in Utah.
This document from the Division of Drinking Water outlines criteria for public water systems and provides guidance to water system owners and operators. It discusses the federal definition of a public water system, categories of water systems, population estimates, permitting processes, and responsibilities for infrastructure associated with master meters and bulk water connections. The document seeks input on regulatory approaches to existing and future bulk meters to clarify responsibilities and protect public health.
The document summarizes data from a Utah legislative report on suicide prevention. It finds that Utah's suicide rate in 2017 was 25.6 per 100,000 people, comparable to previous years. Suicide rates were highest among white and American Indian males in rural areas where firearm suicide rates were also higher. The report also details funding and effectiveness of Utah's suicide prevention programs, and concludes that 85% of gun deaths in Utah are suicides, with recommendations around limiting access to firearms.
The Utah Division of Aeronautics annual report outlines funding amounts and projects. It distributed $3.29 million in state grants across 28 projects and $47.4 million in federal FAA grants across 25 projects. Major pavement projects in the past 5 years included runways at Ogden, Richfield, SkyPark, Morgan, Provo, Spanish Fork, Dutch John, Manti, and Logan airports. The report also describes Morgan County Airport's runway refurbishment project and reconstruction of Hanksville Airport, as well as Utah's nationally recognized flight training program and new FAA regulations for commercial drone operators.
This quarterly report from the Utah Division of Child and Family Services provides statistics and outcomes measures for the fourth quarter of FY2018. It summarizes data on referrals, child protective services investigations, in-home services, foster care, and kinship care. Some key findings include that 51% of referrals were accepted for investigation, the most common supported allegations were neglect, domestic violence, and sexual abuse, and over 90% of children did not have a subsequent supported CPS case within 12 months of their initial case.
This presentation provides an overview and history of FirstNet, a nationwide public safety wireless broadband network:
- FirstNet was created in 2012 by Congress to provide emergency responders with a dedicated communications network. It has partnered with AT&T to build and operate the network.
- The network is being deployed in phases from 2018-2022, with $200 million already invested in Utah. It provides priority access and preemption capabilities to ensure first responders have connectivity during emergencies.
- Unique features include a separate core from commercial networks, 24/7 security monitoring, and a lab that tests devices and applications on the network.
This document summarizes a performance audit of state energy incentives in the state. It finds that energy-incentivizing tax credits total $74 million annually and are still growing. Several grant and loan programs not focused on energy provide more incentives than those that are focused on energy. Utilities' energy incentive programs cost $438.6 million. The audit recommends clearly identifying program intent to better measure success and establishing appropriate metrics to evaluate whether programs accomplish energy goals cost-effectively.
This document summarizes historical trends and emerging issues related to transportation policy and funding in Utah. It outlines how the state's transportation budget has historically relied on motor fuel taxes and vehicle registration fees, but these revenues are stabilizing or declining. To address a growing funding shortfall compared to transportation needs, the state is exploring options like public-private partnerships, bonding programs, and demand management strategies to supplement traditional funding sources.
The Utah Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory is a cooperative effort between the Utah Department of Agriculture and Food and Utah State University that provides laboratory testing and expertise to protect animal health, promote Utah's agricultural economy, and protect public health. It serves various groups including animal owners, veterinarians, and regulatory agencies. While accredited nationally, it has been running deficits in recent years as public funding has remained flat while operating costs have increased, leading to consequences like higher user fees, outsourcing tests, eliminating positions, and inability to adopt new technologies.
This document presents a report on health disparities by Utah state legislative district published by the Utah Department of Health Office of Health Disparities in January 2019. It includes profiles for each of Utah's 29 state senate districts and 75 state house districts that provide information on health indicators and disparities. The report utilizes Utah Small Areas, which group similar communities within legislative districts, and the Utah Health Improvement Index to assess health equity across districts in a novel way. The goal is to empower elected officials to address health disparities and improve outcomes in their constituencies.
Localscapes is a program created to promote more water-efficient landscaping in Utah. It provides a 5-step process for designing a landscape using local plants with less watering needed. Cost comparisons showed that a Localscapes design for a 0.22 acre property would save over 130,000 gallons of water per year compared to a traditional design, while only costing $1,873 more on average. The program offers rebates and incentives for homeowners who work with approved landscape professionals to install a qualifying Localscapes design. It is partnering with various organizations and growing a network of landscape designers, contractors, and retailers to promote water-efficient landscaping.
This document summarizes the results of surveys conducted between 1987-2017 to determine the success of a translocation program that aimed to reestablish a desert tortoise population in Zone 4. Key findings include:
1) Tortoise density and abundance have increased over time, from undetected in 1987-91 to 13.4 tortoises/sq km in 2017, compared to 19.6 tortoises/sq km in the reserve.
2) Translocated adult tortoises exhibited higher growth rates than reserve tortoises.
3) Translocated tortoises displayed high site fidelity within Zone 4 despite some movement greater than tortoises in other zones.
4) Mortality risks like
The Logan River Observatory collects and stores water quality and flow data from the Logan River and its tributaries. This data is used to inform water resource decisions, support education programs, and further understanding of issues like stormwater and drinking water. The observatory works with local agencies, researchers, and communities to ensure the data is accessible and can support efforts to manage water resources, balance competing demands, and plan for a changing climate.
This document outlines several workforce development programs in Utah receiving funding from Talent Ready Utah. Weber State University is leading programs in building design and construction and cybersecurity with ongoing funding of $260,000 and $295,000 respectively. Utah State University is leading a core IT statewide stackable credential pathway with $370,000 in ongoing funding.
The Utah Division of Forestry, Fire and State Lands is requesting appropriations for FY20. In 2018, Utah saw its most expensive and active fire season on record, with over 486,000 acres burned at an estimated cost of $42 million to the state. The Division is requesting $19.8 million in supplemental funding for 2018 fire suppression and rehabilitation costs. The Division also manages over 1.5 million acres of sovereign lands and provides forestry assistance. The document outlines several ongoing and one-time funding requests to support phragmites control on Great Salt Lake, management plans for Bear Lake and Dalton Wells, a land lease database, and the Catastrophic Wildfire Reduction Strategy.
The Division of Wildlife Resources director Mike Fowlks presented on February 1, 2019. Their mission is to serve Utah as trustee and guardian of the state's wildlife with a hardworking staff. Funding comes from various sources including general funds, restricted funds, dedicated credits, and federal funds. The division has improved technology efficiencies and completed a nature center. Winter conditions so far have provided good snow and wildlife are doing well. Ongoing drought and wildfires threaten wildlife habitat while aquatic invasive species require ongoing monitoring. A request was made for $405,000 to address these species. A $35,000,000 budget request was made to acquire the Tabby Mountain property to conserve wildlife habitat through various funding sources including general funds
The Utah Department of Transportation presented on several infrastructure and transportation projects and funding requests to the Infrastructure & General Government Appropriations Committee. They discussed the I-15 Technology Corridor project, data and input for long-range planning, implementing Senate Bill 136 which reorganized UDOT, and funding requests for aircraft replacement and maintenance in the Aeronautics program. They also requested additional funds for local government land use and planning technical assistance.
The document provides an overview of the Utah System of Technical Colleges' (UTech) proposed FY 2020 budget. It outlines five funding priorities: 1) employee compensation increases, 2) $7 million for employer-driven program expansion and student support, 3) $3 million for equipment funds, 4) $650,000 for Custom Fit program, and 5) $250,000 for additional data analyst and software engineer positions for the system office. The budget request aims to increase program offerings, student support, and system analytics capabilities to further align technical education with employer needs and economic growth in Utah.
This document from the Division of Drinking Water outlines criteria for public water systems and provides guidance to water system owners and operators. It discusses the federal definition of a public water system, categories of water systems, population estimates, permitting processes, and responsibilities for infrastructure associated with master meters and bulk water connections. The document seeks input on regulatory approaches to existing and future bulk meters to clarify responsibilities and protect public health.
The document summarizes data from a Utah legislative report on suicide prevention. It finds that Utah's suicide rate in 2017 was 25.6 per 100,000 people, comparable to previous years. Suicide rates were highest among white and American Indian males in rural areas where firearm suicide rates were also higher. The report also details funding and effectiveness of Utah's suicide prevention programs, and concludes that 85% of gun deaths in Utah are suicides, with recommendations around limiting access to firearms.
The Utah Division of Aeronautics annual report outlines funding amounts and projects. It distributed $3.29 million in state grants across 28 projects and $47.4 million in federal FAA grants across 25 projects. Major pavement projects in the past 5 years included runways at Ogden, Richfield, SkyPark, Morgan, Provo, Spanish Fork, Dutch John, Manti, and Logan airports. The report also describes Morgan County Airport's runway refurbishment project and reconstruction of Hanksville Airport, as well as Utah's nationally recognized flight training program and new FAA regulations for commercial drone operators.
This quarterly report from the Utah Division of Child and Family Services provides statistics and outcomes measures for the fourth quarter of FY2018. It summarizes data on referrals, child protective services investigations, in-home services, foster care, and kinship care. Some key findings include that 51% of referrals were accepted for investigation, the most common supported allegations were neglect, domestic violence, and sexual abuse, and over 90% of children did not have a subsequent supported CPS case within 12 months of their initial case.
This presentation provides an overview and history of FirstNet, a nationwide public safety wireless broadband network:
- FirstNet was created in 2012 by Congress to provide emergency responders with a dedicated communications network. It has partnered with AT&T to build and operate the network.
- The network is being deployed in phases from 2018-2022, with $200 million already invested in Utah. It provides priority access and preemption capabilities to ensure first responders have connectivity during emergencies.
- Unique features include a separate core from commercial networks, 24/7 security monitoring, and a lab that tests devices and applications on the network.
This document summarizes a performance audit of state energy incentives in the state. It finds that energy-incentivizing tax credits total $74 million annually and are still growing. Several grant and loan programs not focused on energy provide more incentives than those that are focused on energy. Utilities' energy incentive programs cost $438.6 million. The audit recommends clearly identifying program intent to better measure success and establishing appropriate metrics to evaluate whether programs accomplish energy goals cost-effectively.
This document summarizes historical trends and emerging issues related to transportation policy and funding in Utah. It outlines how the state's transportation budget has historically relied on motor fuel taxes and vehicle registration fees, but these revenues are stabilizing or declining. To address a growing funding shortfall compared to transportation needs, the state is exploring options like public-private partnerships, bonding programs, and demand management strategies to supplement traditional funding sources.
The simplified electron and muon model, Oscillating Spacetime: The Foundation...RitikBhardwaj56
Discover the Simplified Electron and Muon Model: A New Wave-Based Approach to Understanding Particles delves into a groundbreaking theory that presents electrons and muons as rotating soliton waves within oscillating spacetime. Geared towards students, researchers, and science buffs, this book breaks down complex ideas into simple explanations. It covers topics such as electron waves, temporal dynamics, and the implications of this model on particle physics. With clear illustrations and easy-to-follow explanations, readers will gain a new outlook on the universe's fundamental nature.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
1. Water-related issues affecting conventional oil
and gas recovery and potential oil shale
development in the Uinta Basin, Utah
Task 3:
Birds Nest Aquifer
Year 1 Review
Project website: geology.utah.gov/emp/UBwater_study
October 8, 2009
2. Task 3: Geologic Examination of the Birds Nest Aquifer
Problem: The Birds Nest aquifer is poorly understood and needs further study to
determine potential impacts of saline water disposal
• Relationship to fresh water resources
• Potential affects on future oil shale development
Proposed Research:
• Literature review – data collection
• Evaluate Birds Nest in core, outcrop, and on geophysical logs
• Determine how gilsonite veins might influence water flow and saline
mineral dissolution
• GIS database and maps showing:
• Outcrop
• Thickness
• Water quality
• Interburden between Birds Nest and “economic” oil shale zones
3. Task 3: Geologic Examination of the Birds Nest Aquifer
Deliverables:
• Database of well and water quality information
• Maps – isopach, structure contour, “interburden”, outcrop, etc.
• Cross sections and core descriptions
Schedule:
• Year 1 – gather historical information, analyze well logs, analyze core,
start fieldwork
• Year 2 – fieldwork, collect well data, analyze core
• Year 3 – fieldwork, analyze core, create maps
4. Task 3: Geologic Examination of the Birds Nest Aquifer
Description: The Birds Nest aquifer formed from the dissolution of saline minerals
(mostly nahcolite) within the upper Green River Formation
• Aquifer could include Horse Bench Sandstone where present
5. Task 3: Geologic Examination of the Birds Nest Aquifer
Description: The Birds Nest aquifer formed from the dissolution of saline minerals
(mostly nahcolite) within the upper Green River Formation
• Aquifer could include Horse Bench Sandstone where present
Each circle
represents a 0.5 to
1 foot gap
6. Task 3: Geologic Examination of the Birds Nest Aquifer
Relation to oil shale deposits – What is the economic top?
Top of Big 3 beds
Option 1:
Interburden –
70 to 100 ft
Mahogany Zone
7. Task 3: Geologic Examination of the Birds Nest Aquifer
Relation to oil shale deposits – What is the economic top?
Option 2:
Top of Big 3 beds Bed 76
Option 1:
Interburden –
70 to 100 ft
Mahogany Zone
8. Task 3: Geologic Examination of the Birds Nest Aquifer
Relation to oil shale deposits – What is the economic top?
1
2
3
25 GPT zone
Mahogany Zone
9. Location 1: Ut St. 1 - 9S 21E sec. 26
Near basin center
Horse Bench ?
B
(~3 irds
00 N e s
ft t t
hic
k)
Interburden
(~75 ft thick)
Big 3 bed (top of economic
oil shale) to MZ
UT St 1 well
Mahogany Zone
10. Location 1: Ut St. 1 - 9S 21E sec. 26
Near basin center
1739.6-1744.5 ft 1744.5-1748.6 ft 1933.1-1938.7 ft
Possible basinward Shortite fracture fill Nahcolite beds and
extent of Horse Bench nodules
11. Location 2: P-4 - 10S 25E sec. 19
Eastern side of basin
e nch
rs eB
Ho
Birds Nest
)
(~100 ft thick
Interburden
(~75 ft thick)
Big 3 bed to MZ – P-4 well
Top of economic oil
shale
Mahogany Zone
12. Location 2: P-4 - 10S 25E sec. 19
Eastern side of basin
Fractures
Sandstone –
Horse Bench Cavities
Oil shale
13. Lower
Horse
Bench
Birds
Nest
aquifer
Saline
zone
Evacuation Creek
15. Gallons per ton Location 3: SUB 12 - 12S 24E sec. 19
10
20
30
40
50
0 Near basin margin
50
No diagnostic spikes to
low density (these
100
reflect rich oil shale /
high organics)
150
Birds Nest
200
(~60 ft thick)
250
Well 4304732935
Interburden 12S 23E sec. 11
300
(~90 ft thick) (SUB 12 – no logs)
Depth (ft)
350
Big 3 bed (top of
economic oil shale)
400
to MZ
450
SUB 12 well
500
Mahogany Zone
550
16. Location 3: SUB 12 - 12S 24E sec. 19
221.0-230.6 ft Near basin margin
Top of
saline zone
Horse
Bench
??
190.3-200.1 ft
17. Core is the key to understanding the Birds Nest aquifer
Cores
already
examined
18. Water quality in the Birds Nest (BN) aquifer
S
USGS data 0 TD
,0 0
> 10 S
0 TD
,0 0
< 10
Anadarko data
White River
Mine data
19. Water quality in the Birds Nest (BN) aquifer
S
0 TD
,0 0
> 10 S
ft TD
2000 0
,0 0
< 10
Inferred
groundwater
flow
t
direction
0 0f
60
20. Water Movement May be Affected by Gilsonite Veins
Anadarko’s Birds Nest disposal
No saline dissolution
Gilsonite
veins
Inferred
groundwater
flow
direction
21. Thoughts, Conclusions, and Future Work
• It is difficult to recognize the Birds Nest aquifer on geophysical logs
- This zone can only be recognized on a bulk density log (or possibly on a
decent caliper log) where significant nahcolite beds/nodules (or dissolution) are
present - this only occurs in the center of the basin (~8S to 10 S)
- Saline deposition further south (11S to 13S) shows no log signature (core
shows a lack of large beds/nodules)
- It is important not to mistake low-density, high-organic oil shale as saline
minerals
Future Work: Evaluate logs where the Birds Nest is visible and
record top, bottom, etc.
• The key to regional characterization will be core descriptions
- These oil shale cores have only recently become available
- To date, UGS has looked at 5 cores
Future Work: Evaluate each core containing Birds Nest (22 total)
22. Thoughts, Conclusions, and Future Work
• The affect of saline water disposal into the Birds Nest aquifer on oil shale
development depends on where the top of the economic oil shale is picked
- Mining of oil shale within the Birds Nest zone is unlikely
- In-situ extraction techniques might utilize oil shale within the Birds Nest
zone depending on where the top of economic oil shale is picked (Bed 76 or
top of Big 3)
Future Work: Determine oil shale resources within the Birds Nest
• How do gilsonite veins and associated fractures affect the Birds Nest aquifer
- Is water traveling up or down the gilsonite/rock interface?
- Not all joints are filled with gilsonite, is water traveling along these unfilled
joints?
- Are gilsonite veins a barrier to flow?
Future Work: Examine gilsonite/wall rock properties
23. Thoughts, Conclusions, and Future Work
• How is the Horse Bench Sandstone related to the Birds Nest Aquifer
- The Horse Bench is prominent in the east (core and outcrop) and to the
southwest (outcrop), but is not present in core from the center of the basin
(maybe it is, but is only 1 to 2 feet thick)
- Is the eastern “Horse Bench” the same as the western “Horse Bench” – they
seem to be different units of sand coming from different places
Future Work: Continue outcrop and core evaluation of the Horse
Bench Sandstone