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1. Understanding
CULTURE,SOCEITY
& POLITICS

2. Overview
CULTURE
SOCEITY
POLITICS

3. CULTURE
-Culture refers to the way of life of a group
of people.
SOCIETY
-Society is a group of people living together
who share a common culture and interact
regularly.
POLITICS
-Politics refers to power, decision-making,
and governance within a society.

4. A. Sharing of social and cultural
backgrounds of students as acting
subjects or social actors, agents, persons
Play the 4 corners Activity

5. Gender- is the range of characteristics
pertaining to, and differentiating between,
masculinity and femininity.
Socioeconomic status (SES) - is an economic
and sociological combined total measure of a
person's work experience and of an individual's
or family's economic and social position in
relation to others, based on income, education
and occupation.

6. ETHNICITY
refers to cultural traits that are shared by a
category of people such as language, religion,
or national origin. When people integrate
ethnicity as part of their identity and create a
specific cultural, religious or national
community, they self-consciously constitute
an ethnic group.

7. RELIGION
is a "unified system of beliefs and practices
related to sacred things, that is to say, things
set apart and forbidden - beliefs and
practices which unite into one single moral
community.

8. IDENTITY
refers to distinctive characteristics that
define an individual or are shared by those
belonging to a particular group.

9. B. Observations about Social,
Political and Cultural Behavior
and Phenomena

10. SOCIAL BEHAVIOR AND PHENOMENA
-These relate to how people interact and form
relationships in society.
POLITICAL BEHAVIOR AND PHENOMENA
-These refer to how people exercise power,
make decisions, and participate in
governance.
CULTURAL BEHAVIOR AND PHENOMENA
-These are about how people express their
identity, beliefs, and traditions.

11. B. Observations about Social, Political and Cultural Behavior and Phenomena
FOOD TABOOS
“Understand their culture
rather than regarding them as
"weird."
ISTAMBAY
Usually regarded as unruly,
often suspected as theft, and
other misdemeanors.
POLITICAL DYNASTIES
Political dynasties refer to
groups whose members are
involved in politics.
ELECTIONS
a formal decision-making
process by which a
population chooses an
individual to hold public
office.

12. C. Observations on Social,
Political and Cultural
Change

13. refers to transformations that alter the roles
and status of people as well as the structure
and organization of society and its institutions.
Social change

14. occurs when there is an alteration in the way
power and authority are exercised in a particular
state
Examples of these changes:
• Txting
• Transnational families
• Local public services
• Youth volunteerism
POLITICAL CHANGE

15. D. Definition of Anthropology, Political
Science and Sociology

16. A N T H R O P O L O G Y
- is the study of human beings, their cultures,
and how they live in different societies—past
and present.
It focuses on:
Human behavior
Traditions and beliefs
Languages
Material culture (tools, artifacts, clothing)
How humans adapt to their environment

17. S O C I A L A N T H R O P O L O G Y
-studies how social patterns and
practices and cultural variations develop
across different societies.
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
-studies cultural variation across
different societies and examines
the need to understand each
culture in its own context.

18. L I N G U I S T I C A N T H R O P O L O G Y
-studies language and discourse and how
they reflect and shape different aspects
of human society and culture
PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLGY
-studies the origins of humans as well as
the interplay between social factors and
the processes of human evolution,
adaptation, and variation over time.

19. POLITICAL SCIENCE
Political Science is the study of power, government,
and how decisions are made in society.
It examines:
Political systems (democracy, monarchy, etc.)
Government institutions
Laws and public policies
Elections and political behavior
Citizenship, rights, and responsibilities

20. S O C I O L O G Y
-Sociology is the study of society, social
relationships, and how people interact in groups.
It looks at:
Family and community
Social roles and norms
Social problems (poverty, inequality, crime)
Institutions (school, church, government)
Group behavior and social change

21. S O C I O L O G Y
-Sociology has been largely shaped by the works of
Auguste Comte, Herbert Spencer, Karl Marx, Emile
Durkheim, and Max Weber

22. Auguste Comte – “Father of Sociology”
Coined the term Sociology
Believed society follows scientific laws
Introduced the positivist approach
(studying society using observation and
evidence)

23. Herbert Spencer
Compared society to a living organism
Believed social institutions (family,
education, government) work together
like organs
Known for Social Darwinism (idea of
“survival of the fittest” in society)

24. Karl Marx
Focused on class struggle and inequality
Believed social change happens because
of conflict between the rich and the
poor
Critiqued capitalism and studied how
economics affects society

25. Emile Durkheim
Studied social order, values, and how
societies stay together
Introduced social facts—patterns that
influence people’s behavior (norms,
laws, traditions)
Known for his study on suicide and how
social conditions affect individuals

26. Homework
Newspaper Analysis (“Spot the Phenomena”)
Objective: Identify real-life examples of culture, society, and
politics.
Instructions:
Students examine 1 news article or online post.
They identify:
Cultural aspect
Social aspect
Political aspect
Due on Tuesday

27. Phenomena Example from the Article Explanation
Culture Traditional “Bayanihan” spirit
Shows Filipino cultural value of
helping others in the community.
Society
Youth volunteers working
together
Demonstrates social cooperation
and group participation.
Politics
Barangay leadership
organizing the program
Shows local government exercising
authority and promoting civic
engagement.
Sample Article:
Headline: “Barangay Organizes Youth Volunteer Clean-Up Drive”

28. See
you
next
lesson