U1 Lab Practical
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•35 views
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
LT4.2 Skeletal System
There are two types of bone tissue: compact bone which is dense and forms the outer layer, and spongy bone which is less dense and found in low stress areas. Bones are composed of osteocytes embedded in bone matrix, as well as osteoblasts which build bone, osteoclasts which resorb bone, and osteogenic cells which develop into osteoblasts. A long bone has a central shaft made of compact bone surrounding marrow, expanded ends made of inner spongy and outer compact bone lined with marrow, and growth plates between the shaft and ends.
LT4.2 Skeletal System
There are two types of bone tissue: compact bone which is dense and forms the outer layer, and spongy bone which is less dense and found in low stress areas. Bones are composed of osteocytes embedded in bone matrix, as well as osteoblasts which build bone, osteoclasts which resorb bone, and osteogenic cells which develop into osteoblasts. A long bone has a central shaft made of compact bone surrounding marrow, expanded ends made of inner spongy and outer compact bone lined with marrow, and growth plates between the shaft and ends.
LT4.1 Introduction to the Skeletal System
The skeletal system has several key functions:
1. It provides structure and support for the body, protects vital organs, and allows for movement.
2. Bones act as a reservoir for minerals and as sites for blood cell formation in the bone marrow.
3. The skeletal system is divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebrae, and thorax, and the appendicular skeleton which includes the limbs and their attachments.
4. Bones are classified based on their shape into long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones, with each shape relating to its particular functions.
LT2.4 Carbon Cycle
The document describes the carbon cycle and key concepts about carbon. It discusses how carbon is the fundamental building block of life and is present in all living and once-living organisms. Carbon cycles between reservoirs in the atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere through natural fluxes and processes. It moves between these spheres and reservoirs as carbon dioxide and other gases, and is exchanged between the atmosphere, plants, animals and fossils through photosynthesis, respiration, fossil fuel formation and burning.
LT2.2 Cellular Respiration PowerPoint Notes
Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms generate energy (ATP) from glucose. It occurs in three stages: glycolysis in the cytoplasm, the Krebs cycle in the mitochondria, and the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. Aerobic cellular respiration uses oxygen and produces the most ATP, while anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen and produces less ATP. All organisms undergo cellular respiration to break down glucose and generate energy in the form of ATP, which is required for life processes like growth and repair.
LT2.1 Photosynthesis PowerPoint Notes
The document discusses photosynthesis and provides information about the process. It defines photosynthesis as the process by which sunlight energy is converted to glucose energy. It also notes that photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plants and involves the reactants of carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight being converted to the products of glucose and oxygen. Producers that undergo photosynthesis supply the entire food chain with energy.
U3.6 integumentary system
The document discusses the effects of aging on the integumentary system. As people age, their skin becomes more prone to injuries and infections, their immune system becomes less sensitive, and their muscles and bones weaken. The skin also thins and becomes dry and scaly, hair thins and changes color, and the skin sags and wrinkles. The body's ability to lose heat and repair skin damage also decreases with age.
U3.5 integumentary system
The document summarizes the four phases of skin injury repair: 1) Inflammatory phase where bleeding occurs and an inflammatory response is triggered. 2) Migratory phase where a scab forms and cells migrate to remove debris. 3) Proliferation phase where the scab is undermined by epidermal cell migration and fibroblast activity produces collagen. 4) Scarring phase where the scab is shed and scar tissue forms and elevates the epidermis over several weeks.
Recommended
LT4.2 Skeletal System
There are two types of bone tissue: compact bone which is dense and forms the outer layer, and spongy bone which is less dense and found in low stress areas. Bones are composed of osteocytes embedded in bone matrix, as well as osteoblasts which build bone, osteoclasts which resorb bone, and osteogenic cells which develop into osteoblasts. A long bone has a central shaft made of compact bone surrounding marrow, expanded ends made of inner spongy and outer compact bone lined with marrow, and growth plates between the shaft and ends.
LT4.2 Skeletal System
There are two types of bone tissue: compact bone which is dense and forms the outer layer, and spongy bone which is less dense and found in low stress areas. Bones are composed of osteocytes embedded in bone matrix, as well as osteoblasts which build bone, osteoclasts which resorb bone, and osteogenic cells which develop into osteoblasts. A long bone has a central shaft made of compact bone surrounding marrow, expanded ends made of inner spongy and outer compact bone lined with marrow, and growth plates between the shaft and ends.
LT4.1 Introduction to the Skeletal System
The skeletal system has several key functions:
1. It provides structure and support for the body, protects vital organs, and allows for movement.
2. Bones act as a reservoir for minerals and as sites for blood cell formation in the bone marrow.
3. The skeletal system is divided into the axial skeleton which includes the skull, vertebrae, and thorax, and the appendicular skeleton which includes the limbs and their attachments.
4. Bones are classified based on their shape into long bones, short bones, flat bones, irregular bones, and sesamoid bones, with each shape relating to its particular functions.
LT2.4 Carbon Cycle
The document describes the carbon cycle and key concepts about carbon. It discusses how carbon is the fundamental building block of life and is present in all living and once-living organisms. Carbon cycles between reservoirs in the atmosphere, biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere through natural fluxes and processes. It moves between these spheres and reservoirs as carbon dioxide and other gases, and is exchanged between the atmosphere, plants, animals and fossils through photosynthesis, respiration, fossil fuel formation and burning.
LT2.2 Cellular Respiration PowerPoint Notes
Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms generate energy (ATP) from glucose. It occurs in three stages: glycolysis in the cytoplasm, the Krebs cycle in the mitochondria, and the electron transport chain in the mitochondria. Aerobic cellular respiration uses oxygen and produces the most ATP, while anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen and produces less ATP. All organisms undergo cellular respiration to break down glucose and generate energy in the form of ATP, which is required for life processes like growth and repair.
LT2.1 Photosynthesis PowerPoint Notes
The document discusses photosynthesis and provides information about the process. It defines photosynthesis as the process by which sunlight energy is converted to glucose energy. It also notes that photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plants and involves the reactants of carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight being converted to the products of glucose and oxygen. Producers that undergo photosynthesis supply the entire food chain with energy.
U3.6 integumentary system
The document discusses the effects of aging on the integumentary system. As people age, their skin becomes more prone to injuries and infections, their immune system becomes less sensitive, and their muscles and bones weaken. The skin also thins and becomes dry and scaly, hair thins and changes color, and the skin sags and wrinkles. The body's ability to lose heat and repair skin damage also decreases with age.
U3.5 integumentary system
The document summarizes the four phases of skin injury repair: 1) Inflammatory phase where bleeding occurs and an inflammatory response is triggered. 2) Migratory phase where a scab forms and cells migrate to remove debris. 3) Proliferation phase where the scab is undermined by epidermal cell migration and fibroblast activity produces collagen. 4) Scarring phase where the scab is shed and scar tissue forms and elevates the epidermis over several weeks.
LT1.1 Characteristics of Life ppt
All living things share certain characteristics:
1) They are made of cells, metabolize energy, respond to stimuli, reproduce, evolve over generations, and maintain homeostasis.
2) They are organized into hierarchical levels from cells to organisms and ecosystems.
3) They grow and develop throughout their lifecycles according to their unique processes of asexual or sexual reproduction.
Station 24 digestive system
The digestive system processes an average of 60,000 to 100,000 pounds of food over a lifetime. The digestive tract is 27 feet long on average and can take 15 to 48 hours to fully digest a meal. The digestive process begins with sight and smell of food and involves saliva production, stomach acid secretion, and movement of food through the esophagus and stomach over time.
Station 23 digestive system
The digestive system breaks down food into smaller molecules using specialized enzymes. Nutrients are then absorbed into the bloodstream and used by cells through metabolic reactions to produce energy, build substances, and drive cellular activities. Nutritional needs vary between individuals based on their age, gender, height, weight, and activity level.
Station 22 digestive system
The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed and used by the body. There are two categories of nutrients - micronutrients like vitamins and minerals which are required in small amounts for proper body functioning, and macronutrients like proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates which provide energy and are used to build and repair tissues. The digestive system breaks down foods into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by cells as building blocks, energy sources, or other functions.
Station 21 digestive system
The digestive system undergoes several changes with age that can affect its normal functioning. The mucus layer and tissues throughout the digestive tract thin with age, making it more susceptible to damage. Peristaltic contractions also weaken over time, slowing intestinal movement and potentially causing constipation. An aging digestive system is also more vulnerable to infections, toxins, and cancers like colon and stomach cancer. Elderly individuals also commonly experience tooth loss due to issues like cavities and gum disease.
Station 20 digestive system
The document discusses three key aspects of the digestive system:
1) Absorption is the process by which digested nutrients pass from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream and lymph systems to be distributed to cells. This occurs mainly through diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.
2) In the large intestine, sluggish movements and occasional mass movements help move waste toward the rectum while allowing for nutrient absorption.
3) Defecation involves the relaxation of the internal anal sphincter and contraction of the external anal sphincter in a reflex triggered by the presence of waste in the rectum, allowing for the voluntary elimination of solid and liquid waste from the anus.
Station 19 digestive system
The document discusses two key aspects of the digestive system:
1. The swallowing process is initiated voluntarily but then proceeds automatically through a series of phases, beginning with mastication (chewing and crushing food) in the oral phase.
2. The regulation of gastric activity is controlled by the central nervous system and reflexes within the digestive tract walls, as well as hormones. Control occurs over three phases - the cephalic phase prepares the stomach for food, the gastric phase enhances secretions to break down the food, and the intestinal phase controls gastric emptying and triggers other organs.
Station 18 digestive system
The digestive system allows us to break down food and absorb nutrients. It consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. Food enters the mouth where it is chewed and mixed with saliva before traveling to the stomach for further breakdown. Nutrients are then absorbed through the small intestine into the bloodstream and unused waste moves into the large intestine to be excreted from the anus.
Station 16 digestive system
The digestive system includes several accessory organs that help break down food and nutrients. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and hormones to regulate blood sugar. The liver produces bile to break down fats, stores vitamins and minerals, and breaks down toxins and old blood cells. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile before sending it to the small intestine to help digest dietary fats.
Station 15 digestive system
The large intestine, also known as the colon, accepts undigested material from the small intestine. It is approximately 4-5 feet long and includes the cecum, colon (ascending, transvers, descending, and sigmoid portions), and rectum. The large intestine absorbs water and vitamins back into the body, undergoes microbial fermentation where bacteria produce vitamins, and compacts and eliminates waste through defecation. It contains billions of beneficial bacteria that aid in digestion and keep harmful bacteria away.
Station 14 digestive system
The small intestine is the body's major digestive organ that is around 20 feet long. It is subdivided into the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The small intestine uses enzymes from the pancreas and liver to further break down nutrients and its main function is to absorb these nutrients into the bloodstream. It accomplishes absorption through villi, finger-like projections that increase the intestinal surface area. The small intestine processes around 2 gallons of food and liquid per day through contractions that move the chyme through the intestine.
Station 13 digestive system
The document discusses two conditions related to imbalances in the digestive system: ulcers and heartburn. It states that ulcers are usually caused by a bacterial infection from Helicobacter pylori that burrows into the stomach lining. Most ulcers occur when there is not enough mucus lining in the stomach to protect it from hydrochloric acid, allowing the acid to damage the stomach muscle and potentially leak into the abdominal cavity. The document also explains that heartburn is caused by stomach acid regurgitating into the esophagus, usually because the muscle at the end of the esophagus does not close properly after swallowing, sometimes from overeating spicy foods or during pregnancy. Antacids provide temporary relief from
Station 12 digestive system
The digestive system breaks down food in multiple steps. In the stomach, partially digested food enters through peristalsis. The stomach then produces hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin to further break down proteins, while mucus protects the stomach from its own acid. The stomach muscles churn the food and mix it with acids and enzymes to form a creamy paste called chyme, which then exits into the small intestine through sphincter muscles.
Station 11 digestive system
The document describes the anatomy and functions of the stomach. The stomach has two curves, a lesser and greater curvature, and can hold between 50mL when empty up to 4L when full. It is divided into four regions - the cardia, fundus, body, and pyloric canal. The stomach acts as a storage tank, uses mechanical churning to break down food and chemicals secreted by gastric glands to digest food chemically before propelling it into the small intestine. The only absorption that occurs in the stomach is of alcohol, caffeine, and aspirin which are absorbed through its lining directly into the bloodstream.
Station 10 digestive system
The digestive system document describes the pharynx and esophagus. The pharynx connects the mouth to the esophagus and is a common passageway for food, liquids, and air. It creates a bolus that triggers an involuntary swallowing reflex. The esophagus is a tube of smooth muscle connecting the pharynx to the stomach that is about 10 inches long. Peristaltic muscle contractions push the bolus of food along the esophagus after swallowing.
Station 9 digestive system
The digestive system begins breaking down food in the mouth. Saliva produced by the salivary glands cleans the mouth, moistens food, and contains the enzyme amylase, which starts to break down carbohydrates in food. Digestion can begin as soon as food enters the mouth, as amylase in saliva begins breaking down carbohydrates like those in crackers even if the food is not chewed.
Station 8 digestive system
The document discusses the digestive system starting in the mouth. It describes that teeth masticate food into smaller pieces and humans have two sets of teeth - deciduous or baby teeth which are replaced by permanent teeth between ages 6 to 12. It then classifies teeth into incisors, canines, premolars, and molars which have different purposes for cutting, tearing, crushing and grinding food. Finally, it outlines the anatomy of teeth including layers like cement, dentin, and enamel and structures like the pulp cavity and root canal.
Station 7 digestive system
The digestive system begins in the mouth, which contains teeth, tongue, and palate surfaces that mechanically break down food through chewing. The mouth also contains taste buds that help analyze food before swallowing and the lips, cheeks, hard palate, soft palate, uvula, and tongue work to keep food in the mouth during chewing and push it to the throat for swallowing.
Station 6 digestive system
The document describes the histological layers of the alimentary canal. It has four main layers: the serosa, the outermost layer that secretes fluid to reduce friction; the submucosa, which contains glands, nerves, and blood vessels; the mucosa, the inner lining that secretes mucus, enzymes, and hormones; and the muscularis, containing two layers of smooth muscle that aid in mechanical digestion and propel contents through the tract.
Station 5 digestive system
The digestive tract breaks down food through four main processes:
1) Ingestion involves taking food into the mouth through eating.
2) Propulsion moves food through peristalsis and segmentation contractions.
3) Digestion breaks down food into smaller molecules using enzymes, starting in the mouth and finishing in the small intestines.
4) Egestion stores and eliminates indigestible wastes as feces through the rectum and anus.
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
More Related Content
More from NeQuelle DeFord
LT1.1 Characteristics of Life ppt
All living things share certain characteristics:
1) They are made of cells, metabolize energy, respond to stimuli, reproduce, evolve over generations, and maintain homeostasis.
2) They are organized into hierarchical levels from cells to organisms and ecosystems.
3) They grow and develop throughout their lifecycles according to their unique processes of asexual or sexual reproduction.
Station 24 digestive system
The digestive system processes an average of 60,000 to 100,000 pounds of food over a lifetime. The digestive tract is 27 feet long on average and can take 15 to 48 hours to fully digest a meal. The digestive process begins with sight and smell of food and involves saliva production, stomach acid secretion, and movement of food through the esophagus and stomach over time.
Station 23 digestive system
The digestive system breaks down food into smaller molecules using specialized enzymes. Nutrients are then absorbed into the bloodstream and used by cells through metabolic reactions to produce energy, build substances, and drive cellular activities. Nutritional needs vary between individuals based on their age, gender, height, weight, and activity level.
Station 22 digestive system
The digestive system breaks down food into nutrients that can be absorbed and used by the body. There are two categories of nutrients - micronutrients like vitamins and minerals which are required in small amounts for proper body functioning, and macronutrients like proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates which provide energy and are used to build and repair tissues. The digestive system breaks down foods into smaller molecules that can be absorbed and utilized by cells as building blocks, energy sources, or other functions.
Station 21 digestive system
The digestive system undergoes several changes with age that can affect its normal functioning. The mucus layer and tissues throughout the digestive tract thin with age, making it more susceptible to damage. Peristaltic contractions also weaken over time, slowing intestinal movement and potentially causing constipation. An aging digestive system is also more vulnerable to infections, toxins, and cancers like colon and stomach cancer. Elderly individuals also commonly experience tooth loss due to issues like cavities and gum disease.
Station 20 digestive system
The document discusses three key aspects of the digestive system:
1) Absorption is the process by which digested nutrients pass from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream and lymph systems to be distributed to cells. This occurs mainly through diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and active transport.
2) In the large intestine, sluggish movements and occasional mass movements help move waste toward the rectum while allowing for nutrient absorption.
3) Defecation involves the relaxation of the internal anal sphincter and contraction of the external anal sphincter in a reflex triggered by the presence of waste in the rectum, allowing for the voluntary elimination of solid and liquid waste from the anus.
Station 19 digestive system
The document discusses two key aspects of the digestive system:
1. The swallowing process is initiated voluntarily but then proceeds automatically through a series of phases, beginning with mastication (chewing and crushing food) in the oral phase.
2. The regulation of gastric activity is controlled by the central nervous system and reflexes within the digestive tract walls, as well as hormones. Control occurs over three phases - the cephalic phase prepares the stomach for food, the gastric phase enhances secretions to break down the food, and the intestinal phase controls gastric emptying and triggers other organs.
Station 18 digestive system
The digestive system allows us to break down food and absorb nutrients. It consists of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. Food enters the mouth where it is chewed and mixed with saliva before traveling to the stomach for further breakdown. Nutrients are then absorbed through the small intestine into the bloodstream and unused waste moves into the large intestine to be excreted from the anus.
Station 16 digestive system
The digestive system includes several accessory organs that help break down food and nutrients. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and hormones to regulate blood sugar. The liver produces bile to break down fats, stores vitamins and minerals, and breaks down toxins and old blood cells. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile before sending it to the small intestine to help digest dietary fats.
Station 15 digestive system
The large intestine, also known as the colon, accepts undigested material from the small intestine. It is approximately 4-5 feet long and includes the cecum, colon (ascending, transvers, descending, and sigmoid portions), and rectum. The large intestine absorbs water and vitamins back into the body, undergoes microbial fermentation where bacteria produce vitamins, and compacts and eliminates waste through defecation. It contains billions of beneficial bacteria that aid in digestion and keep harmful bacteria away.
Station 14 digestive system
The small intestine is the body's major digestive organ that is around 20 feet long. It is subdivided into the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The small intestine uses enzymes from the pancreas and liver to further break down nutrients and its main function is to absorb these nutrients into the bloodstream. It accomplishes absorption through villi, finger-like projections that increase the intestinal surface area. The small intestine processes around 2 gallons of food and liquid per day through contractions that move the chyme through the intestine.
Station 13 digestive system
The document discusses two conditions related to imbalances in the digestive system: ulcers and heartburn. It states that ulcers are usually caused by a bacterial infection from Helicobacter pylori that burrows into the stomach lining. Most ulcers occur when there is not enough mucus lining in the stomach to protect it from hydrochloric acid, allowing the acid to damage the stomach muscle and potentially leak into the abdominal cavity. The document also explains that heartburn is caused by stomach acid regurgitating into the esophagus, usually because the muscle at the end of the esophagus does not close properly after swallowing, sometimes from overeating spicy foods or during pregnancy. Antacids provide temporary relief from
Station 12 digestive system
The digestive system breaks down food in multiple steps. In the stomach, partially digested food enters through peristalsis. The stomach then produces hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin to further break down proteins, while mucus protects the stomach from its own acid. The stomach muscles churn the food and mix it with acids and enzymes to form a creamy paste called chyme, which then exits into the small intestine through sphincter muscles.
Station 11 digestive system
The document describes the anatomy and functions of the stomach. The stomach has two curves, a lesser and greater curvature, and can hold between 50mL when empty up to 4L when full. It is divided into four regions - the cardia, fundus, body, and pyloric canal. The stomach acts as a storage tank, uses mechanical churning to break down food and chemicals secreted by gastric glands to digest food chemically before propelling it into the small intestine. The only absorption that occurs in the stomach is of alcohol, caffeine, and aspirin which are absorbed through its lining directly into the bloodstream.
Station 10 digestive system
The digestive system document describes the pharynx and esophagus. The pharynx connects the mouth to the esophagus and is a common passageway for food, liquids, and air. It creates a bolus that triggers an involuntary swallowing reflex. The esophagus is a tube of smooth muscle connecting the pharynx to the stomach that is about 10 inches long. Peristaltic muscle contractions push the bolus of food along the esophagus after swallowing.
Station 9 digestive system
The digestive system begins breaking down food in the mouth. Saliva produced by the salivary glands cleans the mouth, moistens food, and contains the enzyme amylase, which starts to break down carbohydrates in food. Digestion can begin as soon as food enters the mouth, as amylase in saliva begins breaking down carbohydrates like those in crackers even if the food is not chewed.
Station 8 digestive system
The document discusses the digestive system starting in the mouth. It describes that teeth masticate food into smaller pieces and humans have two sets of teeth - deciduous or baby teeth which are replaced by permanent teeth between ages 6 to 12. It then classifies teeth into incisors, canines, premolars, and molars which have different purposes for cutting, tearing, crushing and grinding food. Finally, it outlines the anatomy of teeth including layers like cement, dentin, and enamel and structures like the pulp cavity and root canal.
Station 7 digestive system
The digestive system begins in the mouth, which contains teeth, tongue, and palate surfaces that mechanically break down food through chewing. The mouth also contains taste buds that help analyze food before swallowing and the lips, cheeks, hard palate, soft palate, uvula, and tongue work to keep food in the mouth during chewing and push it to the throat for swallowing.
Station 6 digestive system
The document describes the histological layers of the alimentary canal. It has four main layers: the serosa, the outermost layer that secretes fluid to reduce friction; the submucosa, which contains glands, nerves, and blood vessels; the mucosa, the inner lining that secretes mucus, enzymes, and hormones; and the muscularis, containing two layers of smooth muscle that aid in mechanical digestion and propel contents through the tract.
Station 5 digestive system
The digestive tract breaks down food through four main processes:
1) Ingestion involves taking food into the mouth through eating.
2) Propulsion moves food through peristalsis and segmentation contractions.
3) Digestion breaks down food into smaller molecules using enzymes, starting in the mouth and finishing in the small intestines.
4) Egestion stores and eliminates indigestible wastes as feces through the rectum and anus.
More from NeQuelle DeFord (20)
Recently uploaded
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/tacvl9ekroe9hqupdnjruiypvm9rdanePengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Wound healing PPT
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
Physical pharmaceutics notes for B.pharm students
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Aberdeen
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering
Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
Recently uploaded (20)
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UP
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit Innovation
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdf
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH LỚP 9 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2024-2025 - ...
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
RHEOLOGY Physical pharmaceutics-II notes for B.pharm 4th sem students
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
What is Digital Literacy? A guest blog from Andy McLaughlin, University of Ab...
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx
Chapter wise All Notes of First year Basic Civil Engineering.pptx