In their minds, people have images of places they have never visited. In the twenty-first century, the constant exposure to media has had a great role in shaping people’s perception of foreign places. Despite the revealing aspect of media, they also play an important role in creating misconceptions about other countries. This paper explores international college students’ perceptions of United States cities and public spaces before and after coming to study in the US. It also investigates the role of media and representations in shaping their conceptions or misconceptions of the US. Forty-one Kansas State University international students from different countries participated in an online survey about their perceptions of US building types, infrastructure, and governance/policy regarding the built environment. About 58% of the participants claim that their image of US cities and public spaces changed after studying there; with only 15% claiming that US cities and public built environment are shown “like they are” in their home countries. Small US cities have a poor image in international students’ perceptions in comparison to the rich image of big cities most notably New York City. This paper not only argues that peoples' perceptions of places can change after visiting them in person, but also it highlights the role of media in creating misconceptions about foreign places. The findings can highlight the importance of media in managing city branding.
How National Identities Are Built: An Empirical Test of the Theory of “Image...Qingjiang (Q. J.) Yao
This study is an empirical test of Anderson's (2006) theory of "imagined communities" among the BRICS nations and the U.S. Using data collected through the fifth wave of the World Values Survey from Brazil, China, India, India, South Africa, and US, the study confirmed the argument of Anderson who believes that mass media have been the major channel for citizens of nation-states to construct their national identities. Religion’s impacts on the constriction of national identity, national proudness, and global identity is complex. Interestingly, the data revealed that national identity does not lessen global identity, which is positively associated with the postmaterialist value that is prevalent among the younger generations.
Anshul Jain is a PhD candidate at Boston University studying political communication, international relations, and South Asia. He has extensive research experience examining topics such as new media, political engagement, literacy, and conflict in Afghanistan. Jain has published articles and book chapters on social media and politics. He also has teaching experience at Boston University and Boston Public Schools, instructing courses on international relations, foreign policy, media and politics, and history. Currently, Jain is completing his dissertation on new media and the transnational politics of the Indian diaspora.
This document reviews previous research on social isolation and proposes a new conceptual framework. It begins by discussing two perspectives on isolation: one that sees it as a negative outcome of modernization processes, and another that views it as a structural position with potential benefits. It then reviews the explosion of recent research on isolation and loneliness, fueled in part by new social media. The document outlines competing views on whether new social media create more or less isolation. It concludes by proposing a new definition of isolation as having too many social connections, rather than too few, which can lead to feelings of loneliness due to the cognitive costs of navigating many relationships.
This document discusses metaliteracy from the perspective of an expert in South Africa. It begins by providing context about the author's location and how that has shaped his views. It then summarizes the key aspects of metaliteracy as proposed by Mackey and Jacobson, focusing on understanding formats, evaluating information critically, and participating ethically. The author argues that critical consciousness must underlie metaliteracy for it to be a tool for agency. He analyzes how various 21st century discourses shape understandings of literacy and proposes viewing metaliteracy through the lens of Bourdieu's field theory to understand how habitus, capital, and field interact to shape one's literacy practices and agency. The document concludes by emphas
Cia culture-intelligence-berrett-cultural topographyMousselmal Tarik
This article introduces a new methodology called "Cultural Mapping" for intelligence analysis to better account for cultural factors. Cultural Mapping is designed to isolate and assess cultural variables influencing issues of intelligence interest and distinguish their degree of influence on decision-making and outcomes. The methodology aims to provide a more systematic and persuasive treatment of culture compared to how it is typically addressed peripherally in intelligence analysis. The authors developed Cultural Mapping to remedy perceived deficiencies in how the intelligence community incorporates cultural understanding and to improve analysis for policymakers.
Talkin bout a Revoluition: New Literacies, New PracticesDrJoolz
1. The document discusses the evolution of the concept of literacy from traditional definitions focused on functional skills to broader definitions encompassing critical thinking and social practices in different contexts.
2. New definitions of literacy consider it as social practice embedded in cultural and community contexts using various modalities beyond just printed text.
3. Emerging technologies and digital media have created new forms of literacy practices described as new literacies that are more collaborative, participatory, and distributed across networks.
The document discusses how racism in media can negatively impact society. It argues that media often only reports the worst cases, promoting racial stereotypes and fueling hatred towards certain groups. As an example, excessive news coverage of ISIS in the Middle East has led many viewers to believe all Muslims are part of ISIS and has increased Islamophobia. The document also examines how symbolic interactionism theory applies to how media shapes people's perceptions and identities through the symbols and examples it chooses to portray.
This document discusses the development of cultural indicators and debates around measuring the value of arts and culture. It notes that cultural indicators have evolved from primarily measuring instrumental socio-economic impacts to also measuring intrinsic impacts. There remains debate around the best methodologies for cultural measurement, with qualitative and mixed methods now seen as better able to capture the complex intrinsic values of cultural experiences than quantitative methods alone. Overall cultural indicators are seen as important for articulating the value of culture, though continued research is needed to develop robust, locally-specific measurement approaches.
How National Identities Are Built: An Empirical Test of the Theory of “Image...Qingjiang (Q. J.) Yao
This study is an empirical test of Anderson's (2006) theory of "imagined communities" among the BRICS nations and the U.S. Using data collected through the fifth wave of the World Values Survey from Brazil, China, India, India, South Africa, and US, the study confirmed the argument of Anderson who believes that mass media have been the major channel for citizens of nation-states to construct their national identities. Religion’s impacts on the constriction of national identity, national proudness, and global identity is complex. Interestingly, the data revealed that national identity does not lessen global identity, which is positively associated with the postmaterialist value that is prevalent among the younger generations.
Anshul Jain is a PhD candidate at Boston University studying political communication, international relations, and South Asia. He has extensive research experience examining topics such as new media, political engagement, literacy, and conflict in Afghanistan. Jain has published articles and book chapters on social media and politics. He also has teaching experience at Boston University and Boston Public Schools, instructing courses on international relations, foreign policy, media and politics, and history. Currently, Jain is completing his dissertation on new media and the transnational politics of the Indian diaspora.
This document reviews previous research on social isolation and proposes a new conceptual framework. It begins by discussing two perspectives on isolation: one that sees it as a negative outcome of modernization processes, and another that views it as a structural position with potential benefits. It then reviews the explosion of recent research on isolation and loneliness, fueled in part by new social media. The document outlines competing views on whether new social media create more or less isolation. It concludes by proposing a new definition of isolation as having too many social connections, rather than too few, which can lead to feelings of loneliness due to the cognitive costs of navigating many relationships.
This document discusses metaliteracy from the perspective of an expert in South Africa. It begins by providing context about the author's location and how that has shaped his views. It then summarizes the key aspects of metaliteracy as proposed by Mackey and Jacobson, focusing on understanding formats, evaluating information critically, and participating ethically. The author argues that critical consciousness must underlie metaliteracy for it to be a tool for agency. He analyzes how various 21st century discourses shape understandings of literacy and proposes viewing metaliteracy through the lens of Bourdieu's field theory to understand how habitus, capital, and field interact to shape one's literacy practices and agency. The document concludes by emphas
Cia culture-intelligence-berrett-cultural topographyMousselmal Tarik
This article introduces a new methodology called "Cultural Mapping" for intelligence analysis to better account for cultural factors. Cultural Mapping is designed to isolate and assess cultural variables influencing issues of intelligence interest and distinguish their degree of influence on decision-making and outcomes. The methodology aims to provide a more systematic and persuasive treatment of culture compared to how it is typically addressed peripherally in intelligence analysis. The authors developed Cultural Mapping to remedy perceived deficiencies in how the intelligence community incorporates cultural understanding and to improve analysis for policymakers.
Talkin bout a Revoluition: New Literacies, New PracticesDrJoolz
1. The document discusses the evolution of the concept of literacy from traditional definitions focused on functional skills to broader definitions encompassing critical thinking and social practices in different contexts.
2. New definitions of literacy consider it as social practice embedded in cultural and community contexts using various modalities beyond just printed text.
3. Emerging technologies and digital media have created new forms of literacy practices described as new literacies that are more collaborative, participatory, and distributed across networks.
The document discusses how racism in media can negatively impact society. It argues that media often only reports the worst cases, promoting racial stereotypes and fueling hatred towards certain groups. As an example, excessive news coverage of ISIS in the Middle East has led many viewers to believe all Muslims are part of ISIS and has increased Islamophobia. The document also examines how symbolic interactionism theory applies to how media shapes people's perceptions and identities through the symbols and examples it chooses to portray.
This document discusses the development of cultural indicators and debates around measuring the value of arts and culture. It notes that cultural indicators have evolved from primarily measuring instrumental socio-economic impacts to also measuring intrinsic impacts. There remains debate around the best methodologies for cultural measurement, with qualitative and mixed methods now seen as better able to capture the complex intrinsic values of cultural experiences than quantitative methods alone. Overall cultural indicators are seen as important for articulating the value of culture, though continued research is needed to develop robust, locally-specific measurement approaches.
ARC 211: American Diversity and Design oluwafewa ogunmolaOluwafewa Ogunmola
This document discusses an online discussion for a course on American diversity and design. It includes introductions from students in the class, including the author Oluwafewa Ogunmola who shares that they are from New York, majoring in architecture and planning to minor in computer science. They have always had a passion for building and constructing things. The document provides responses from Oluwafewa to various discussion questions on topics like innovations that impacted social groups, designs influenced by diversity groups, and how photographs can serve as communication tools.
Week 1 Notes: The Anthropology of Media and MediationCameron Murray
This document provides an overview of key concepts and readings for Week 1 of an anthropology course on the anthropology of media. It discusses how anthropologists have increasingly studied media and its role in cultural contexts over the past few decades. Some key points made include:
- Media shapes and is shaped by cultural practices and defies easy categorization or boundaries.
- Studying media has altered understandings of the relationship between the local and global.
- There is a renewed interest in studying Western media and how media circulates globally.
- The field has moved beyond just studying communication technologies to a broader anthropology of social mediation and how various processes circulate images and knowledge.
Arc 211: American Diversity and Design: Lovepreet KaurLovepreet Kaur
This document contains Lovepreet Kaur's responses to online discussion questions for her American Diversity and Design course at the University at Buffalo. In her first response, she introduces herself and provides an interesting fact about liking chocolate. In her second response, she discusses how the invention of the elevator by Otis gave advantage to both groups of people and society as a whole by promoting accessibility, while potentially discouraging stair use. In her third response, she describes how public and social housing designs were influenced by large numbers of immigrants needing shelter in the 18th-19th centuries.
ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Kartik GargKartik Garg
Here are two responses to other students:
To [Student 1]: You make a good point about how zoning laws defined the character of your hometown by separating residential, commercial, and industrial areas. This type of planning is common in many parts of the U.S. and helps maintain certain uses and scales. It will be interesting to see how concepts of mixed-use and form-based codes may change planning and urban design in the future.
To [Student 2]: I can see how the historic preservation laws you described helped maintain the small-town character of your community. Restricting certain types of renovations and new construction ensured the historic buildings and architecture were protected. This approach to planning aims to preserve a sense of place defined by
ARC 211 : American Diversity and design : AHSHAN KHANAhshan Khan
The document discusses Ahshan Khan's responses to online discussion questions for an architecture course. It provides background on Khan, who is a sophomore physics major at SUNY Buffalo, and explains that the course explored how architecture influences society. Khan then responds to two discussion questions, describing how airplanes revolutionized travel and providing an example of how including Spanish language options improved accessibility for the Hispanic/Latino population.
The two hats mentioned in the articles are effective vehicles of communication design because they carry strong symbolic meanings that help convey political messages.
The red "Make America Great Again" hat promotes Donald Trump's campaign slogan and Republican ideals of patriotism and traditional values. It symbolizes support for Trump and his agenda.
The pink knitted hat worn at the Women's March on Washington conveyed a message of resistance. Its handmade quality represented grassroots activism and solidarity among women. It symbolized opposition to Trump's rhetoric and policies seen as threatening to women's rights.
Both hats are simple yet powerful forms of non-verbal communication. They allow people to visually express their political views publicly and join a larger symbolic community of others who share
ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Madelaine OngMadelaine Ong
- Madelaine Ong is a freshman majoring in architecture at the University at Buffalo. She discusses her experiences in her American Diversity and Design course.
- The course helped her develop an understanding of how design can positively and negatively impact environments and diverse populations. It also opened her viewpoint to considering other perspectives.
- From the weekly modules and discussions, Madelaine believes future designs will help people physically, mentally, and socially. The document outlines her responses to online discussion questions for the course.
Three approaches to studying intercultural communicationS.m. Jamaal
Three main approaches to studying intercultural communication are discussed: the social science approach, the interpretive approach, and the rhetorical approach. The social science approach uses methods like surveys and observations to describe and predict behavior. It views reality as external and human behavior as predictable. The interpretive approach assumes reality is subjective and human behavior is creative. It uses methods like field studies to understand how culture is created and maintained through communication. The rhetorical approach examines texts and speeches in their original contexts.
Indigo arrived in Europe through Portuguese trade routes in the early 16th century, but faced prohibitions from powerful guilds representing native woad growers who saw indigo as competition. Despite bans, indigo continued to flow into Europe from both east and west as other European powers like Spain and France established indigo plantations in their new world colonies. While indigo was seen as superior for its deep blue color, it was also viewed with suspicion in places like Germany for being "corrosive" and "deceitful."
This document introduces a curriculum unit for grades 9-12 that examines the cultural and social impacts of global commodity trades. The unit uses a document-based question format to analyze eight commodities through case studies that follow each commodity's journey from origin to global impact. Each case study addresses the commodity's discovery, progression to international trade, effects of large-scale production, and boom-and-bust cycles. The unit aims to help students understand how intercultural contact and population movements have influenced societies over the long term by relating these phenomena to everyday commodities. It aligns with geography, economics, history, and culture standards in the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills and National Geography Standards.
Here are three origin myths about the origins of rice from Southeast Asia:
1. A Dayak myth from Borneo tells of a man named Se Juru who climbed a giant upside down tree and discovered rice being cooked in the sky world. He brought rice back to teach his people.
2. A Javanese myth says that rice sprang from the buried body of a goddess named Tisnawati, with rice plants growing from her body.
3. A Malayan myth involves the descendants of a legendary king discovering golden rice growing miraculously in a field, a sign they had the right to rule.
These myths reflect the deep cultural significance of rice in Southeast Asian societies and attempt to explain its origins in
This document provides an introduction to a curriculum unit for grades 9-12 that examines the global spread and impact of commodities through history. The unit uses a document-based question format to analyze eight commodities across four stages: origin and discovery, transition to international trade, effects of large-scale production, and boom-and-bust cycles. It aims to teach students about cultural diffusion and change through examining commodities' journeys worldwide. Case studies can also be mapped and compared using graphic organizers. The unit aligns with TEKS and National Geography Standards on cultural and economic geography.
This document introduces a curriculum unit for grades 9-12 that examines the cultural and social impacts of global commodity trades. The unit uses a document-based question format to analyze eight commodities through case studies that follow each commodity's journey from origin to global impact. Each case study addresses the commodity's discovery, progression to international trade, effects of large-scale production, and boom-and-bust cycles. The unit aims to help students understand how intercultural contact and population movements have influenced societies over the long term by relating these phenomena to everyday commodities. It aligns with geography, economics, history, and culture standards in the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills and National Geography Standards.
Based on the sources, three different ways salt is obtained are:
- From salt formations/deposits in the ground, like the Dead Sea or salt mines
- By evaporating salty water in evaporation pools or over fires/coals
- By extracting salt from salty earth or soil
ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: LINGJING HUANGLingjing Huang
The document is a response by Lingjing Huang to discussion questions for their American Diversity and Design course at University at Buffalo. In the response, Lingjing discusses several topics covered in the course including how different designs impact diverse groups. Specifically, Lingjing describes how the AMBER Alert system was impacted by and helped missing children as an underrepresented group. Lingjing also analyzes a photo of Alan Kurdi that raised awareness of the refugee crisis and how hats can take on roles as forms of communication design carrying political meanings.
Arc 211 american diversity and design catherine maillouxcatherine Mailloux
The following pages document my
responses to the online discussion questions in the Spring 2017 version of ARC 211
American Diversity and Design at the University at Buffalo – State University of New
York.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
More Related Content
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ARC 211: American Diversity and Design oluwafewa ogunmolaOluwafewa Ogunmola
This document discusses an online discussion for a course on American diversity and design. It includes introductions from students in the class, including the author Oluwafewa Ogunmola who shares that they are from New York, majoring in architecture and planning to minor in computer science. They have always had a passion for building and constructing things. The document provides responses from Oluwafewa to various discussion questions on topics like innovations that impacted social groups, designs influenced by diversity groups, and how photographs can serve as communication tools.
Week 1 Notes: The Anthropology of Media and MediationCameron Murray
This document provides an overview of key concepts and readings for Week 1 of an anthropology course on the anthropology of media. It discusses how anthropologists have increasingly studied media and its role in cultural contexts over the past few decades. Some key points made include:
- Media shapes and is shaped by cultural practices and defies easy categorization or boundaries.
- Studying media has altered understandings of the relationship between the local and global.
- There is a renewed interest in studying Western media and how media circulates globally.
- The field has moved beyond just studying communication technologies to a broader anthropology of social mediation and how various processes circulate images and knowledge.
Arc 211: American Diversity and Design: Lovepreet KaurLovepreet Kaur
This document contains Lovepreet Kaur's responses to online discussion questions for her American Diversity and Design course at the University at Buffalo. In her first response, she introduces herself and provides an interesting fact about liking chocolate. In her second response, she discusses how the invention of the elevator by Otis gave advantage to both groups of people and society as a whole by promoting accessibility, while potentially discouraging stair use. In her third response, she describes how public and social housing designs were influenced by large numbers of immigrants needing shelter in the 18th-19th centuries.
ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Kartik GargKartik Garg
Here are two responses to other students:
To [Student 1]: You make a good point about how zoning laws defined the character of your hometown by separating residential, commercial, and industrial areas. This type of planning is common in many parts of the U.S. and helps maintain certain uses and scales. It will be interesting to see how concepts of mixed-use and form-based codes may change planning and urban design in the future.
To [Student 2]: I can see how the historic preservation laws you described helped maintain the small-town character of your community. Restricting certain types of renovations and new construction ensured the historic buildings and architecture were protected. This approach to planning aims to preserve a sense of place defined by
ARC 211 : American Diversity and design : AHSHAN KHANAhshan Khan
The document discusses Ahshan Khan's responses to online discussion questions for an architecture course. It provides background on Khan, who is a sophomore physics major at SUNY Buffalo, and explains that the course explored how architecture influences society. Khan then responds to two discussion questions, describing how airplanes revolutionized travel and providing an example of how including Spanish language options improved accessibility for the Hispanic/Latino population.
The two hats mentioned in the articles are effective vehicles of communication design because they carry strong symbolic meanings that help convey political messages.
The red "Make America Great Again" hat promotes Donald Trump's campaign slogan and Republican ideals of patriotism and traditional values. It symbolizes support for Trump and his agenda.
The pink knitted hat worn at the Women's March on Washington conveyed a message of resistance. Its handmade quality represented grassroots activism and solidarity among women. It symbolized opposition to Trump's rhetoric and policies seen as threatening to women's rights.
Both hats are simple yet powerful forms of non-verbal communication. They allow people to visually express their political views publicly and join a larger symbolic community of others who share
ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: Madelaine OngMadelaine Ong
- Madelaine Ong is a freshman majoring in architecture at the University at Buffalo. She discusses her experiences in her American Diversity and Design course.
- The course helped her develop an understanding of how design can positively and negatively impact environments and diverse populations. It also opened her viewpoint to considering other perspectives.
- From the weekly modules and discussions, Madelaine believes future designs will help people physically, mentally, and socially. The document outlines her responses to online discussion questions for the course.
Three approaches to studying intercultural communicationS.m. Jamaal
Three main approaches to studying intercultural communication are discussed: the social science approach, the interpretive approach, and the rhetorical approach. The social science approach uses methods like surveys and observations to describe and predict behavior. It views reality as external and human behavior as predictable. The interpretive approach assumes reality is subjective and human behavior is creative. It uses methods like field studies to understand how culture is created and maintained through communication. The rhetorical approach examines texts and speeches in their original contexts.
Indigo arrived in Europe through Portuguese trade routes in the early 16th century, but faced prohibitions from powerful guilds representing native woad growers who saw indigo as competition. Despite bans, indigo continued to flow into Europe from both east and west as other European powers like Spain and France established indigo plantations in their new world colonies. While indigo was seen as superior for its deep blue color, it was also viewed with suspicion in places like Germany for being "corrosive" and "deceitful."
This document introduces a curriculum unit for grades 9-12 that examines the cultural and social impacts of global commodity trades. The unit uses a document-based question format to analyze eight commodities through case studies that follow each commodity's journey from origin to global impact. Each case study addresses the commodity's discovery, progression to international trade, effects of large-scale production, and boom-and-bust cycles. The unit aims to help students understand how intercultural contact and population movements have influenced societies over the long term by relating these phenomena to everyday commodities. It aligns with geography, economics, history, and culture standards in the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills and National Geography Standards.
Here are three origin myths about the origins of rice from Southeast Asia:
1. A Dayak myth from Borneo tells of a man named Se Juru who climbed a giant upside down tree and discovered rice being cooked in the sky world. He brought rice back to teach his people.
2. A Javanese myth says that rice sprang from the buried body of a goddess named Tisnawati, with rice plants growing from her body.
3. A Malayan myth involves the descendants of a legendary king discovering golden rice growing miraculously in a field, a sign they had the right to rule.
These myths reflect the deep cultural significance of rice in Southeast Asian societies and attempt to explain its origins in
This document provides an introduction to a curriculum unit for grades 9-12 that examines the global spread and impact of commodities through history. The unit uses a document-based question format to analyze eight commodities across four stages: origin and discovery, transition to international trade, effects of large-scale production, and boom-and-bust cycles. It aims to teach students about cultural diffusion and change through examining commodities' journeys worldwide. Case studies can also be mapped and compared using graphic organizers. The unit aligns with TEKS and National Geography Standards on cultural and economic geography.
This document introduces a curriculum unit for grades 9-12 that examines the cultural and social impacts of global commodity trades. The unit uses a document-based question format to analyze eight commodities through case studies that follow each commodity's journey from origin to global impact. Each case study addresses the commodity's discovery, progression to international trade, effects of large-scale production, and boom-and-bust cycles. The unit aims to help students understand how intercultural contact and population movements have influenced societies over the long term by relating these phenomena to everyday commodities. It aligns with geography, economics, history, and culture standards in the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills and National Geography Standards.
Based on the sources, three different ways salt is obtained are:
- From salt formations/deposits in the ground, like the Dead Sea or salt mines
- By evaporating salty water in evaporation pools or over fires/coals
- By extracting salt from salty earth or soil
ARC 211: American Diversity and Design: LINGJING HUANGLingjing Huang
The document is a response by Lingjing Huang to discussion questions for their American Diversity and Design course at University at Buffalo. In the response, Lingjing discusses several topics covered in the course including how different designs impact diverse groups. Specifically, Lingjing describes how the AMBER Alert system was impacted by and helped missing children as an underrepresented group. Lingjing also analyzes a photo of Alan Kurdi that raised awareness of the refugee crisis and how hats can take on roles as forms of communication design carrying political meanings.
Arc 211 american diversity and design catherine maillouxcatherine Mailloux
The following pages document my
responses to the online discussion questions in the Spring 2017 version of ARC 211
American Diversity and Design at the University at Buffalo – State University of New
York.
Similar to TYPE VERSUS STEREOTYPE: AN ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL COLLEGE STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF US CITIES AND PUBLIC SPACES (20)
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
The popularity of functional foods among scientists and common people has been increasing day by day. Awareness and modernization make the consumer think better regarding food and nutrition. Now a day’s individual knows very well about the relation between food consumption and disease prevalence. Humans have a diversity of microbes in the gut that together form the gut microflora. Probiotics are the health-promoting live microbial cells improve host health through gut and brain connection and fighting against harmful bacteria. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus are the two bacterial genera which are considered to be probiotic. These good bacteria are facing challenges of viability. There are so many factors such as sensitivity to heat, pH, acidity, osmotic effect, mechanical shear, chemical components, freezing and storage time as well which affects the viability of probiotics in the dairy food matrix as well as in the gut. Multiple efforts have been done in the past and ongoing in present for these beneficial microbial population stability until their destination in the gut. One of a useful technique known as microencapsulation makes the probiotic effective in the diversified conditions and maintain these microbe’s community to the optimum level for achieving targeted benefits. Dairy products are found to be an ideal vehicle for probiotic incorporation. It has been seen that the encapsulated microbial cells show higher viability than the free cells in different processing and storage conditions as well as against bile salts in the gut. They make the food functional when incorporated, without affecting the product sensory characteristics.
Evolving Lifecycles with High Resolution Site Characterization (HRSC) and 3-D...Joshua Orris
The incorporation of a 3DCSM and completion of HRSC provided a tool for enhanced, data-driven, decisions to support a change in remediation closure strategies. Currently, an approved pilot study has been obtained to shut-down the remediation systems (ISCO, P&T) and conduct a hydraulic study under non-pumping conditions. A separate micro-biological bench scale treatability study was competed that yielded positive results for an emerging innovative technology. As a result, a field pilot study has commenced with results expected in nine-twelve months. With the results of the hydraulic study, field pilot studies and an updated risk assessment leading site monitoring optimization cost lifecycle savings upwards of $15MM towards an alternatively evolved best available technology remediation closure strategy.
Optimizing Post Remediation Groundwater Performance with Enhanced Microbiolog...Joshua Orris
Results of geophysics and pneumatic injection pilot tests during 2003 – 2007 yielded significant positive results for injection delivery design and contaminant mass treatment, resulting in permanent shut-down of an existing groundwater Pump & Treat system.
Accessible source areas were subsequently removed (2011) by soil excavation and treated with the placement of Emulsified Vegetable Oil EVO and zero-valent iron ZVI to accelerate treatment of impacted groundwater in overburden and weathered fractured bedrock. Post pilot test and post remediation groundwater monitoring has included analyses of CVOCs, organic fatty acids, dissolved gases and QuantArray® -Chlor to quantify key microorganisms (e.g., Dehalococcoides, Dehalobacter, etc.) and functional genes (e.g., vinyl chloride reductase, methane monooxygenase, etc.) to assess potential for reductive dechlorination and aerobic cometabolism of CVOCs.
In 2022, the first commercial application of MetaArray™ was performed at the site. MetaArray™ utilizes statistical analysis, such as principal component analysis and multivariate analysis to provide evidence that reductive dechlorination is active or even that it is slowing. This creates actionable data allowing users to save money by making important site management decisions earlier.
The results of the MetaArray™ analysis’ support vector machine (SVM) identified groundwater monitoring wells with a 80% confidence that were characterized as either Limited for Reductive Decholorination or had a High Reductive Reduction Dechlorination potential. The results of MetaArray™ will be used to further optimize the site’s post remediation monitoring program for monitored natural attenuation.
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as t...vijaykumar292010
RoHS stands for Restriction of Hazardous Substances, which is also known as the Directive 2002/95/EC. It includes the restrictions for the use of certain hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment. RoHS is a WEEE (Waste of Electrical and Electronic Equipment).
Kinetic studies on malachite green dye adsorption from aqueous solutions by A...Open Access Research Paper
Water polluted by dyestuffs compounds is a global threat to health and the environment; accordingly, we prepared a green novel sorbent chemical and Physical system from an algae, chitosan and chitosan nanoparticle and impregnated with algae with chitosan nanocomposite for the sorption of Malachite green dye from water. The algae with chitosan nanocomposite by a simple method and used as a recyclable and effective adsorbent for the removal of malachite green dye from aqueous solutions. Algae, chitosan, chitosan nanoparticle and algae with chitosan nanocomposite were characterized using different physicochemical methods. The functional groups and chemical compounds found in algae, chitosan, chitosan algae, chitosan nanoparticle, and chitosan nanoparticle with algae were identified using FTIR, SEM, and TGADTA/DTG techniques. The optimal adsorption conditions, different dosages, pH and Temperature the amount of algae with chitosan nanocomposite were determined. At optimized conditions and the batch equilibrium studies more than 99% of the dye was removed. The adsorption process data matched well kinetics showed that the reaction order for dye varied with pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order. Furthermore, the maximum adsorption capacity of the algae with chitosan nanocomposite toward malachite green dye reached as high as 15.5mg/g, respectively. Finally, multiple times reusing of algae with chitosan nanocomposite and removing dye from a real wastewater has made it a promising and attractive option for further practical applications.