4. Borrowing is the simplest and void of
style method of translating to
overcome some metalinguistic
problems
Direct
Translation
Calque’s status in translation is that
of a sandwich between pure
borrowing and TL/receptor’s
expectations
Literal or word-for-word translation is
the direct transfer of
explicit features of SL text into TL
text.
5. Oblique
Translation
Transposition involves replacing one word class
(SL) with
another (TL) but without changing the meaning of
the message.
Modulation is a variation of the form of the
message, obtained by
a change in the point of view.
In this procedure a translator replaces SL text
through equivalents in TL text.
This procedure is used where the situation being referred to by
the SL message is unknown in the TL culture and as a resort, in
such cases translators have to adapt and create a new equivalent
situation just to run the job.
6. Translation is the process to render
or translate the word from one
language to another language or from
source language (SL) to target
language (TL)
In this discussion, translation not only
gives the definition but also tells us
many forms and kinds which we can
learn about it. So that we can develop
our understanding about what is
translation exactly and what are in
behind translation.
