Transgender people have a gender identity or expression that differs from the sex they were assigned at birth. They face discrimination in areas like family, education, employment, healthcare and housing. Several policies and laws have been introduced in India to support and protect transgender rights, including reservation in education and jobs. However, transgender people continue to face challenges such as lack of family support, homelessness, bullying and violence. The judiciary has also played a role through several court rulings establishing transgender rights. Overall, while progress has been made, more work is still needed to promote inclusion and safety for transgender individuals.

1. TRANSGENDER
AND
THEIR RIGHTS

2. Contents
•

3. Introduction
• SEX: Is the trait that determines whether a sexually
reproducing organism produces male gamete (XY) or
female gamete(XX).
• GENDER: The behavioral , cultural or psychological
traits with which they associate themselves with.
• What is transgender?
• A transgender Person is someone whose gender
identity or gender expression doesn’t correspond
with the sex they were assigned at birth.
• Subdivision:
• Transwoman
• Transman
• Transwoman:
• A person who is registered as male at birth but

4. • LGBTQA+
• Despite the distinction between sexual orientation and
gender, throughout history gay, lesbian and bisexual
subcultures were often the only places where gender-variant
people were socially accepted in the gender role they felt
they belonged to; especially during the time when legal or
medical transitioning was almost impossible. This acceptance
has had a complex history.
• The trans community only experienced a surge in
activism during the start of the twenty-first century.Due to
the many different groups that make up the broader LGBT
movement, there are those within the larger community
who do not believe that the trans community has a place
within the LGBT space.
• TRANSGENDER HEALTHCARE:

5. people to seek treatment to improve their quality of life.
• Many transgender people also seek mental health
treatment for depression and anxiety caused by the stigma
attached to being transgender, and some transgender
people have stressed the importance of acknowledging
their gender identity with a therapist in order to discuss
other quality-of-life issues.
• PHYSICAL HEALTHCARE
• Medical and surgical procedures exist for transsexual
andHormone replacement therapy for trans men induces
beard growth and masculinizes skin, hair, voice, and fat
distribution.
• Hormone replacement therapy for trans women feminizes
fat distribution and breasts, as well as diminishes muscle
mass and strength. Laser hair
removal or electrolysis removes excess hair for trans
women.
• Surgical procedures for trans women feminize
the voice, skin, face, Adam’s
apple, breasts, waist, buttocks, and genitals. Surgical

6. • POLICIES AND WELFARE SCHEMES FOR TRANSGENDER IN
INDIA:
• On 14 th April 2014 ,Supreme Court identified
TRANSGENDER as third gender,directs states to treat them
as “socially and educationally” backward classes and
extend reservation in education and employment.
• On 24 th April, 2015,a bill on transgender rights , seeks
to mainstream transgender was passed by Rajya Sabha.
The bill seeks protection for transgender rights amd
guarantees reservation in education and employment,
financial aid and social inclusion.
• The bill has 58 clauses in ten chapters dealing with
different aspects ranging from social inclusion, rights and
entitlements, financial and legal aid , education, skill
development the prevention of abuse ,violence and

7. • Provision in indian penal code: Police atrocities on
transgender people: Cases of atrocities by police
against transgender people have been highlighted in
media and brought to the notice of court, all though
no separate data is maintained by NCRB .However,
they has been no evidence or study of systemic bias
Or discriminatory attitude in law enforcement
agencies against transgender people.
• Section 375 IPC : The criminal amendment bill
2011 , introduce in parliament, proposed to replace
the word rape wherever it occurs , in relevant
sections of IPC by the words sexual assault, to make
the offence of sexual assault gender neutral, and also
widening the scope of the offence sexual assault.
• Government of India: National Policy
• Government of India has asked the states to

8. • In 2017, the Manonmaniam Sundaranar University began
offering free tuition to transgender students.
• Exclusive Mobile App, “Thirunangaial” has been
developed to enable transgender to register their details and
easily avail Identity Card. It also helps to enumerate the
transgenders by their age, educational qualification,
residence, etc. to formulate welfare schemes for them.
• Transgender Welfare Board on 15.04.2008 to empower
the Transgenders through various services as Identity Cards,
Ration Cards, House Pattas, residential Homes, Free Sewing
Machines, Higher Education assistance, Self Help Groups, free
bus travel in Ordinary fare city buses, free skill trainings, Grant
upto Rs.50,000/- for income generating activities.

9. Multi-Specialty Transgender Clinic at RGGGH, Chennai
runs every Friday.
• NGO’s in India which are working for the transgender
community.
• Sahodari Foundation is a pioneer association in India
which has been voicing for transsexual and non binary
community of India since 2007.
• The association is a family, a movement, and a group
of youthful transsexual individuals that was established
by artist, transgender rights activist, and writer Kalki
Subramaniam.
• Tamil Nadu-based social organisation, ‘Thozhi’, has
joined hands with a hospital to provide free Hepatitis
vaccine for the transgender community.

10. Ministry.
• DIFFICULTIES FACED BY TRANSGENDERS:
• Transgender individuals face discrimination
within their own family units and schools, in
employment and housing, within government
settings, through hate crimes, and under the justice
and legal systems.
• Homeless transgender youth are more likely to
turn to drug dealing, car theft, and sexual
exploitation.
• Transgender individuals are also oftentimes
discriminated within government settings through
healthcare policies and government-issued IDs.

11. them. Among fellow employees, potential teasing and/or
discrimination can arise further affecting the emotional
state of transgender workers.
• Those who identify as transgender at an early age may
have troubles when their identity conflicts with
judgment from traditional school protocol, whether
public or private. Discrimination may come from
classmates who tease or physically harm transgender
people as a result of transphobia.
• Transgender individuals are faced with deciding
whether to use a bathroom that coincides with their
gender identity or a bathroom that coincides with the
sex they were assigned with at birth.
•

12. • JUDICIAL FIGHTS FOR TRANSGENDER RIGHTS:
• There is urgent need to refine the Rights of the Transgender as it is important to see whether the rights of the
third gender community are followed and have either helped them to live freely or not.
• National Legal Service Authority vs. Union of India and Others 15th April 2014
• S Swapna vs. State of Tamil Nadu 20th August 2014.
• Ganga Kumari vs. State of Rajasthan 13th November 2017 .
• Policies have been made both the government and the law but it is mandatory to see whether these policies are
amended or followed.
•
• More reliable source should come in action to see the approach.
•
• Law and crime enforcement system of the country should be improved and refined so that people can strictly follow
it.
•
• Violence against transgender needs to stop and it can only be done if strict actions against those criminals are taken
by the Law.
•
• Strict actions need to be taken against the family and the parents who neglect their child just because of being a
transgender.
•
• Free legal assistance should be provided to the transgender people to improve their social life.
•
• Education sector like schools and colleges needs to be supportive against these people to provide them same value
and respect in the society.
•

13. CONCLUSION
• A nationwide campaign should be arranged among the people to
create a scope of awareness for these people and acceptance. People
should open their hearts and mind to accept these beautiful creations
as humans in the world.