Traffic Management N Mumbai

Traffic Management N Mumbai
INTRODUCTION
Traffic Management is a very serious issue today. Traffic in Mumbai especially is seen as a major drawback for the city. Everyone belonging to
this city of dreams has at some point in their life faced a traffic snarl which has made them wish they lived anywhere else. The core reason for
traffic is the buildup of several problems being neglected over the years. This includes, over population, bad infrastructure, lack of education,
uncontrolled reckless driving etc. I personally feel that using a car for a single person is a luxury if the same car is used for 5 persons travelling, it
makes sense. We have n number of people coming to the same area in their own cars without any accomplices. So, it makes sense to club the people
...show more content...
в—Џ Granting casual leave, Earned leave, medical leave of the officer of Rank of Asstt.Police Inspector upto Police constable.
в—Џ Signing the bills of medical leave, earned leave, LTC of the officers of the rank of APIs to P.Cs., working in South/Central/East/West/North
Traffic Region.
в—Џ Reviewing the issuance of NOCs after approval of Jt.C.P.,Traffic for competitions, morchas, processions, public awareness campaign, peach
licenses of handicapped persons. Telephone booths, Taxi /auto stands and road markings, hoardings, advertisement campaigns, film shootings.
в—Џ DCP City/Suburban, Traffic to submit their proposals and files to DCP (Hqs), Traffic
в—Џ Scrutinizing the proposal of notifications of the road, re–designing of the junctions, speed breakers, central dividers and submitting them for the
approval of the Jt.C.P., Traffic.
в—Џ Issuance of the NOCs of the proposals of pay and park and DCRs after obtaining approval of the Jt.C.P., Traffic.
в—Џ Attending meeting organized by the Government, Semi–Govt, NGOs and other organisations.
в—Џ Drafting notifications.
в—Џ Educational Training modules for the officers and men of the TCBs.
в—Џ Supervision over the officers and men of the Traffic Institute.
* Dy.Commissioner of Police, City/Suburban, Traffic,Mumbai
в—Џ DCP(City) to supervise the work of South/Central and East, Regions, Traffic, while
DCP(Suburban), to supervise the work of North/West Traffic Regions.
в—Џ To visit

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A Brief Note On The City Of Mumbai
The city of Mumbai is the largest city in India, with a population of roughly 19.3 million people (World Population Review, 2014). One reason that
Mumbai has grown to such extent is its convenient location. Located on a peninsula off the west coast of India and boarding the Arabian Sea,
Mumbai has easy travel access to the Middle East and inland India (Earth Explorer, 2015). The Mithi River flows through the heart of the city and
connects into Mahim Bay, which provides further transportation capabilities for those in the area (2015). Both Powai and Vihar Lake are located
further inland and provide drinking water for the people of Mumbai ("Mumbai", 2014). North of Vihar Lake is Sanjay Gandhi National Park, the
world's largest national park, which is a preservation of forest area that covers 104 square kilometers (Mehta, 2013). This national park is not only rich
in resources and biodiversity; it also is a popular tourist area that has about 2 million annual visitors (2013). In addition to the thousands of plant and
animal species that live in this forest area, such animals in preservations include panthers, antelope, moose deer, wild bears, monkeys, leopards, tigers,
etc. Mumbai has a tropical wet and dry climate that does not fluctuate much throughout the year (Pacione, 2006). Average temperatures typically range
between 60–100В°F year round (2006). From January through May and October through December, Mumbai experiences dry weather with little rain.
Monsoon season lasts

Mumbai And Its Impact On The West Coast Of India
Mumbai or otherwise known as Bombay, originally began as a grouping of seven individual islands in the west coast of India. As a result of the British
East India Company's trading actions during the later part of the 17th century, the small port town began to develop. As time and enlargement of the
city progressed over the course of the following two centuries, the seven islands were interconnected through large–scale engineering practices that
included the addition of causeways and seawalls. These efforts over the course of the next sixty years through land reclamation, created a single land
expanse. Once the seven islands became a physically unified area, progression went onward through to the later part of the nineteenth century...show
more content...
This extensive use of temporary labor was not commonly associated with the manufacturing industry. With the skill that is required to use many of the
multifaceted machinery commonly associated with large–scale manufacturing, it is generally in good practice to train the labor strength to secure a
permanent work force. However in Mumbai this ideal was never achieved. As a supplement to the high cost of the machinery, non–skilled labor allowed
the owners to fluctuate their levels of productivity based upon immediate demand.
However, had the mill–owners concentrated in particular positions of production, the temperamental effects of trade fluxes in the industry would have
been less of a problem when comparing production output to foreign rivals. Despite this rather apparent issue, Mumbai's economic environment as a
whole maintained to flourish. Throughout the pioneer period, the city's textile industry was profoundly contingent upon the import of overseas
machinery. This among other factors could not create an atmosphere for a stable foundation of development. However hundreds of years later, in the
middle of the 20th century, the state adopted a more positive approach and acknowledged the risks that Indian capitalists refused to take responsibility
of.
In 1939, Fred Stones, the director Sasson group: a collection of textile mills within the city stated that there was a sizable opportunity for the
manufacture of textile machinery in India

Environmental Degradation in Mumbai
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION IN MUMBAI
MICHAEL RAJU MARIADAS F09038 Contents INTRODUCTION3 HISTORY3 GEOGRAPHY3 CLIMATE4 CULTURE4 CHRONIC
RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS IN MUMBAI:5 Gas Chembur:5 South Bombay:5 New Bombay:5 Crowded city6 Chemical related disasters in past 10
years.6 MIGRANTS IN MUMBAI6 THE SLUMS OF MUMBAI7 History of Slums:7 The Birth of Slums7 Situation...show more content...
This unique mix of cultures is due to the migration of people from all over India since the 1600s.[
Mumbai residents celebrate both Western and Indian festivals. Diwali, Holi, Eid, Christmas, Navratri, Good Friday, Dussera, Moharram, Ganesh
Chaturthi, Durga Puja and Maha Shivratri are some of the popular festivals in the city. The Banganga Festival is a two–day music festival, held
annually in the month of January, which is organised by theMaharashtra Tourism Development Corporation (MTDC) at the historic Banganga Tank in
Mumbai.The Elephanta Festival–celebrated every February on the Elephanta Islands–is dedicated to classical Indian dance and music and attracts
performers from across the country.Public holidays specific to the city and the state include Maharashtra Day on May 1, to celebrate the formation of
Maharashtra state on 1 May 1960.
CHRONIC RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS IN MUMBAI:
Bombay has a very high incidence of chronic respiratory problems, arising from extreme air pollution. The causes of pollution are mainly industries in
the eastern suburbs and New Bombay, garbage burning by the BMC, and insufficient control over emission levels from vehicles.
Gas Chembur:
Nightly burning of garbage at the 100 hectare Municipal Garbage Dump north of the Chembur–Vashi road affects Chembur, Ghatkopar, Mankhurd and
New Bombay. Environmental Health Rights Organization of India

Conclusion On Urbanisation In Mumbai
Urbanisation is the phenomenon where the population of cities and town increases. It is because the people move from rural areas to towns and cities
expecting good job, and better life. There will be a drastic change in socio economic, and climate change due to urbanisation. When the resource is not
efficiently used the population tend to settle in centralised, and compact informal areas of city and town leading to creation of slums. It is often said
that formation of slums is not expected with rapid urbanisation; however presence of the slums in most of the developing countries that are rapidly
urbanising contradicts this statement.
Fast urbanization and thick slum population intensify the difficulties of giving access to safe water and sanitation administrations. South Asia has seen
a fast rise in urbanization, and around 35% of India's population now lives in urban areas.( F. Giovannetti, Guidance note on urban resettlement:
Mumbai urban transport project) The greater part of the number of inhabitants in India's biggest city, Mumbai, which is situated in the western state of
Maharashtra, dwells in urban slums, despite the fact that slums involve just around 8.75% of the city's land.( Justice H. Suresh, M. Kothari, K.
Fernandes et al., Bulldozing Rights: Report on the forced evictions and housing policies for the poor in Mumbai) Of the roughly 12 million individuals
in Mumbai, more than 6 million live in slums, roughly 1 million live on the asphalt, and another 2 million

Research Paper On Forgotten Slums Of Mumbai
Forgotten Slums of Mumbai Mumbai, previously known as Bombay until 1995 is the capital of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is also the financial,
commercial and entertainment capital of India. Mumbai has a metro area population of 22 million people making it the most populous city in India.
Mumbai also houses the highest number of millionaires and billionaires in India making it the wealthiest city in the country as well. The inequality of
wealth is polarizing in Mumbai. It may be the wealthiest city in India but it is also home to Dharavi, Asia's second largest slum if Karachi's Orangi
Town is counted as a single slum. Dharavi is located in central Mumbai and houses between 800,000 and 1 million people in about one square mile,
making it one of the most densely populated areas on Earth (Chauhan, Mohanty, Subramanian, Parida, & Padhi, 2016). Mumbai, like many other
rapidly growing cities in developing countries, suffers from widespread poverty due to unemployment, poor public health, and poor civic and
educational standards for a large section of the city (Romero–Lankao, Gnatz, & Sperling, 2016). Mumbai has experienced rapid growth due to a
massive migration of rural populations coming into the city driven by a promise of a "city of dreams" where "no one goes hungry". While Mumbai has
become a center for outsourcing by international business organizations many of these rural migrants end up finding employment in the informal
economy. Development patterns in the

Environmental Problems of Mumbai
CED
Owi Kale St. Xavier's College
Mumbai– the name conjures up images of high skyscrapers, wide roads, the sea–kissed Marine Drive, a land of opportunity and enterprise. A city full
of paradoxes, Mumbai is a microcosm of India in many ways. If one were to ask a set of people to describe the present Mumbai, we would get a
wide variety of answers ranging from the financial capital of India to the next target of militant groups. For me, I see a city at a crossroad, deciding
which direction to take. One minor part of her is decisively pulling her towards the path marked 'Destruction through development' while a major part
of her wants to take the path of 'Sustainable...show more content...
Creation of infrastructure is an important and totally justifiable end in a city like Mumbai which is aiming to gain an international look. However,
unplanned urban development without respecting the course of nature will always backfire in the form of a disaster like 26/7. In a coastal city,
wetlands, wastelands, saltpan lands and mangroves function as buffer zones against tidal movement. Each of these have been systematically destroyed
which has resulted in deterioration of land. In case of mangroves, land has been reclaimed in the name of slum rehabilitation and garbage dumps.
Sadly enough, on these pretexts, valuable mangroves are destroyed to make way for high rises. Another fact which is not understood is that marshy
land is not meant for extensive construction and concretization of such land reduces its water absorption capacity. This makes natural regeneration of
underground aquifiers almost impossible. Secondly, construction debris and garbage is also dumped in mangrove swamps in a bid to reclaim land.
Mangroves have been classified as a Coastal Regulation Zone–I (CRZ), which means that construction cannot take place without the express
permission of the CRZ Authority. This makes all construction activity in mangrove areas a violation of CRZ rules. The Bandra–Worli sea–link and the
SewriNhava–Sheva sea link are examples of large–scale projects that shall considerably affect mangroves in those areas. The Bandra–Worli sea–link

Demographics of Mumbai city : According to Wikipedia, Mumbai is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in
India, most populous metropolitan area in India, and the eighth most populous agglomeration in the world, with an estimated city population of 18.4
million and metropolitan area population of 20.7 million as of 2011 . According to the 2011 census, the population of Mumbai was 12,479,608. The
population density is estimated to be about 20,482 persons per square kilometer. The living space is 4.5sq meter per person.
Population growth of Mumbai:
CensusPopulation%+/–
19715,970,575–
19818,243,40538.1
19919,925,89120.4
200111,914,39820.7
201112,478,4474.7
(Source– MRDA, Wikipedia)
Actual situation of Waste management in Mumbai :
Mumbai is the capital of Maharashtra State and the financial capital of the country. The city, once a leading industrial centre has now become a tertiary
economy, with just...show more content...
Figure showing a typical slum in Mumbai
Transportation of waste :
The southern end of the city is very congested due to traffic conditions during daytime. A single refuse truck is in charge to disposal site and due to
this a very huge amount of waste is carried in this shift. The reason is due to lack of economy. Small vehicles are used to collect waste within the city
and then transferred to the bulk vehicles which take to disposal site.
22% of manual and 78% of mechanical vehicles are employed by corporation to transport waste.
Waste is carried out by different vehicles depending on the distance . Stationary compactors , mobile compactors and closed tempos carry 60 percent
of waste , 10 percent by open dumpers and 20 percent through tarpaulin vehicles. Vehicles employed for collection of waste:
Type of vehicleCapacity cumMunicipalityPrivateTotal
Open trucks5/10182947
Compactors15138158

Speech On Museums In Mumbai
Top 10 Museums In Mumbai For Kids
Mumbai's museums are a great way of teaching kids about the city's rich history and culture. They're replete with artifacts and precious ancient works.
What's more? Museums also have extra space for your kids to run and frolic around. Here's a round–up of 10 museums in Mumbai to take your kids:
1.Dr. Bhau Daji Lad Museum
Being the foremost museum of Mumbai and the second oldest museum of India, Dr. BhauJi Lad Museum is a home to the rich treasures of bygone era.
The infrastructure of this museum is marvelous, thanks to its renaissance style building, majestic pillars, vibrant Minton tiles and a high roof. It houses
more than 3500 artifacts, paintings, maps, crafts and dioramasrevolving aroundthe history of Mumbai. The best thing about this museum is that here
your...show more content...
The fish museum hosts an array of varieties like reef fish, Quran fish, Copperband Butterflyfish, clown, white tail trigger, Clown Triggerfish, small
starfish, sharks, turtles and other foreign species. The place also screens documentaries on marine ecosystem, fishes and environmental conservation.
Make sure to check out the touch pool (where your curious kids can touch turtles, star fish and sea urchins) and fish spa while you're here.
8.Jehangir Art Gallery
Established in 1952 by a Parsi Politician, Jehangir Art Gallery is a home to modern art and exhibits artworks by avant–grade local sculptors, painters
and other artists. The history of this gallery is a proof that it has played a crucial role in the rebirth of Indian Art. The gallery is currently being run
by the Bombay Art Society and sells most of its artwork on display. It also boasts an in–house cafГ© where you can unwind after a tour of the museum.
9.Ballard Bunder

Mumbai Dabbawala's
INTRODUCTION
In Marathi or Hindi, 'Dabba' means tiffin box and 'wala' refers to a person. A Dabbawala, is a person in the city of Mumbai whose job is to carry
and deliver freshly made food from home to office of the customer. Basically a Dabbawala is any person who carries the lunch box from the
customer's residence and delivers it to the customer's work place. But Mumbai Dabbawalas are recognized by the quality of spirit that they carry with
them, which make them a class apart. The standards that they have indulged in their work culture and the determination to serve make them to raise
their grit to any level that the job demands. Each one of them individually and collectively as a group have performed their task with a single minded
...show more content...
The initial organization of the Dabbawalas, enabled them to work independently or in groups and facilitated each dabbawala to achieve optimum results.
In retrospect we may observe that the design was centered on the information flow, product exchange and developing long lasting relationships with the
internal and external customers. The results have been in building a team of loyal Dabbawalas and an assured satisfied customer base. Over the years
there has been significant increase in the number of customers along with geographic coverage which have necessitated factoring these constraints
while continuing to achieve the initial objective of the business model "Timely supply of home food". It has been possible for them to stick to their
initial objective only because of the qualities of the leaders that subsequent decisions made by them to handle the changed circumstances. In 1954 this
informal arrangement was brought under a rudimentary Co–operative and in 1984 the organization was registered as a charitable trust under the name
of Nutan Mumbai Tiffin Box Suppliers Charity Trust. To handle the increase in work load and to ensure that the delivery standards are maintained, the
Dabbawalas employed delivery boys to carry and transport the dabbas along their route using bicycles or push carts. The Dabbawalas use to pay the
delivery boys the negotiated amount. In 1983, the

Speech On Mumbai
Magical Mumbai Entices You To Stay Forever
Mumbai, formerly known as Bombay, is India's largest city and one of the largest cosmopolitan metropolises in the world. Mumbai is India's melting
pot with people from all over the country – and the world – converging together to live harmoniously. The city is the perfect representation of the
country's dichotomy: symbolised by the presence of Bollywood in the city, Mumbai is also host to India's largest slum population. The city itself is
huge, sprawling in every direction, and this makes sight–seeing in Mumbai much more exciting. From the rock cut caves of Elephanta to Dobi Ghats to
Marine Drive to Gateway to India, Mumbai has it all and more.
Ensure that before you visit Mumbai, you know what...show more content...
Plan a trip, if you can, to Film City located in Goregaon and enjoy the first–hand experience of Bollywood shooting. Make sure you book this in
advance as there's a high possibility that you may not be allowed in if you just show up on the day. Having entered the lavish lifestyle of the
Bollywood elite, you might get a little jealous but don't fret as Mumbai is a shopper's paradise. Mumbai is worth visiting just for the hustle of the
shopkeepers, the madness of the markets and the rich aroma of fruit–vendors. Kemp's corner, located, again, in South Mumbai is where you could buy
antiques at rock bottom prices, second–hand books for dirt cheap and hand–made jewellery, clothes and furniture for prices that are almost always too

Population Environment And The Slums Of Mumbai
INTRODUCTION:
This research paper focuses on the population–environment dynamics in the slums of Mumbai. It mainly discusses the impact of the growing slum
population on water quality in Mumbai. First, the research question and null hypotheses were stated based on the population, environment, social and
cultural contexts. Readings from class and other peer reviewed articles were used to support the stated hypotheses and highlight the important aspects
of the case study. Next, the important population characteristics were discussed and compared to other relevant places and a summary of the
environmental and social context was also provided. Finally, the population–environment relationship was summarized for the chosen case site (Null
hypotheses true or not) and implications of human actions on the natural world were discussed.
RESEARCH QUESTION AND HYPOTHESES:
Mumbai, India's financial hub is home to more than 20 million people. Historically, slum growth in Mumbai was a result of population growth far
beyond the total carrying capacity. It resulted in overuse of traditional land, displacing a heavy chunk of the lower–middle class population to informal
settlements. Villages like Dharavi, Byculla and Khar with small scale industries got converted into slums during this process. The rapid economic
development in the 19th century also brought in a lot of migrant population from the rural areas into a city ill–equipped to deal with them [1]. This
provides us

A Red Light District on Every Corner Essay
Throughout human history, most civilizations have considered prostitution as an illegal trade, but that does not necessarily mean that making
prostitution illegal is the best choice. Many countries including the United States have begun to debate the merit of legalizing prostitution. Before
making such an important decision, we must address certain questions. Would legalizingprostitution reduce some of the inequalities and abuse suffered
by the men and women involved? Would society lose decades of progress in human rights and improving the status of women by legalizing
prostitution? The answers to both questions lead to the ultimate answer that if prostitution became a legal and regulated industry overseen by the
government both society...show more content...
Prostitutes are forced to work on the streets in unsafe and unclean environments instead of in buildings making them easy prey to criminals. Unlike
other citizens, a prostitute cannot go to a hospital or to the police when abused for fear of being arrested. Since attempts to abolish prostitution have
failed the best solution is to accept it. As Barbara Walters said, "Prostitution is a world that is here to stay, like it or not it is time to make the best of it."
For the legalization of prostitution to become a success and achieve the goal of cleaning up the business, the government must place regulations.
Germany for example who decriminalized prostitution but did not control the business ended up adding more corruption to their country. Nevada did a
little better by requiring weekly health checks and use of condoms for all interactions, but the treatment of the prostitutes was not improved. Prostitutes
would refer to Nevada brothels as prisons because they had to live their while working. We should use both examples as building blocks to create a
more productive and humane industry.
To make prostitution a more humane business, we should start out by following Nevada's example by only allowing prostitution in rural regions thus
keeping farther away from the big cities such as Las Vegas where it would be more likely to become corrupt. Secondly, prostitution must only be
available in buildings that are registered in said enterprise. The

Descriptive Essay On Mumbai
Dharavi, Mumbai (India)
1) Mumbai(also known as Bombay) is a megacity located on the west coast of India facing the Arabic Ocean. It is around 603.4 km squared in the
area including the city and the slum named Dharavi but the slum by itself only takes up 2.16 km squared of this total. This means around 601.24 km
squared is Mumbai's city and suburban areas. Mumbai has a population of approximately 18 million people (Last updated in 2016) and is growing at a
faster rate due to employment and migration. Dharavi is located in between two major train lines so people there find this convenient to get back and to
work.
2)
This picture gives me an impression that the Dharavi slums has very narrow lanes/roads and do not use cars. It shows me how messy this slum is
with all these rubbish bags and items laying across the pathways where families call home. There is an immense number of graffiti painted onto the
fences which tell me that there could possibly be gangs and/or other types of groups lurking around the streets of Dharavi. Crime seems like a
common thing here as well because stalls do not seem to obtain a lock or something that can restrict thieves from steals their items.
With this bird's eye view of Dharavi, I can analyse that the government is slowly starting to renovate/destroy the slums of Dharavi. They have started
by inserting apartments where slum homes used to be and how they are slowly working in wider roadways and more technology. This is the start of
the 1 billion USD project of enlarging the city of Mumbai and getting rid of what seems like a dump of Dharavi,
This is an image showing an aerial view of Mumbai and Dharavi slums. It shows the clear separation of the city and the slums and you can just see
the amount of people and homes that are squished into a small area. The slums look unhygienic from this view as it looks dirty and looks like they
get a lack of sunlight. This can make people lack important vitamins such as vitamin D which helps keep healthy bones and can act against viruses.
These viruses can be something like skin cancer, type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis.
3) Researchers have found that approximately 70% of Mumbai and especially Dharavi migrants are from

Mumbai : A Dream Holiday Destination
MUMBAI – A DREAM HOLIDAY DESTINATION
Travelling plays an important role in our life. It has many advantages. By visiting new places and meeting different people, it can raise our level of
knowledge and we can learn a lot of thing about new cultures and communities. Our tourist company is giving you a great opportunity to open your
minds and enjoy unforgettable experiences. This tme we are offering an exclusively budgeted Mumbai tour package. Exploring Mumbai is like
unveiling a mystery that fascinates and excites everyone. And to bring this essence to you, we've enlisted some famous guided tours of Mumbai in an
exclusive price offer for newly married couples this time. The most striking feature of our package is that it includes everything in only $999/– per
person, which usually costs $1399/–.
About Mumbai, It is one of the famous seaport of India. It is located on the he western coast of Maharashtra on the Arabian sea. Mumbai is also
known as the New York of India, because it ia very busy city. People here leads a very busy life style. About climate, it is warm and humid. If we
speak about food, there are a variety of native dishes. You can get almost evry kind of food restaurants here e.g. Thai, Korean, Arabic, Italian,
Mexican and Chinese. People from all over the world migrates to Mumbai since the British period. Therefore, you can find Mumbai culture is a
mixture of lot of sub cultures
. The major speaking languages here are Hindi and Marathi; However, If you will

City Pollution In Mumbai
1.)
The city I have chosen to research is the city of Mumbai which is located in the south west of India. Mumbai also known as Bombay is one of the
largest cities in the world with a vast population of 18.4 million people inhabiting it. Mumbai is the richest city in India and houses the most
billionaires and millionaires across the entirety of India, which is surprising due to there being approximately 700,000 to 1,000,000 living in Dharavi
which is the biggest slum currently in Mumbai.
2.)
Dharavi is the main slum in Mumbai It is approximately 216 hectares or 2.16 square kilometres that makes it the second largest slum in Asia and
the third largest slum in the world. Dharavi is easily one of the most densely populated places in the world. Recycling is becoming a very large
industry in Dharavi due to the amount of trash produced by Mumbai as a city ,there are approximately 250,000 citizens of Dharavi working to
recycle the trash of Mumbai. One of Dharavi's biggest problem is sanitation or cleanliness this is because of the disease spread across Dharavi
.Dharavi exports a variety of different around the world including leathers jewellery and a wide range of accessories. These goods are mainly
exported to Europe the United States and the Middle East, The estimated turnover is $500 million US to $650 million US.
3.)
Dharavi is home to many second and third generation residents. The majority of the current residents living in Dharavi are there due to poverty, and
most inherit

Effect of Globalization on Mumbai
The effect of Globalization on Mumbai
Chaitik Doshi
F09074
Contents
Introduction2 Mumbai – A Cultural Diversity3 A Brief History4 A Glocalised World5 Mumbai Urban Infrastructure Project6 Navi Mumbai
International Airport11 Mumbai – A Global Financial Hub13 A Dangerous City to Live In14Mumbai 2020: A Vision17 References18
Introduction
Globalization has been an integral part of India's progress. It has opened up new avenues for growth.
One of the biggest impacts of globalization has been to IT (Information Technology) and BPO (Business Process Outsourcing) sector. These two
sectors have progressed at never before pace. Key reasons for this is easy and cheap availibilty of skilled workforce with...show more content...
In 1534, the Portuguese appropriated the islands from Bahadur Shah of Gujarat. They were ceded to Charles II of England in 1661, as dowry for
Catherine de Braganza.
The population quickly rose from 10,000 in 1661, to 60,000 in 1675. In 1687, the British East India Company transferred its headquarters from Surat to
Mumbai. The city eventually became the headquarters of the Bombay Presidency. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 transformed Bombay into
one of the largest seaports on the Arabian Sea. Over the next thirty years, the city grew into a major urban centre, spurred by an improvement in
infrastructure and the construction of many of the city's institutions. The population of the city swelled to one million by 1906, making it the second
largest in India after Calcutta.
As capital of the Bombay Presidency, it was a major base for the Indian independence movement, with the Quit India Movement called by Mahatma
Gandhi in 1942 being its most rubric event. After India's independence in 1947, it became the capital of Bombay State.
In the 1950 the city expanded to its present limits by incorporating parts of Salsette island which lay to the north. The late 1970s witnessed a
construction boom and a significant influx of migrants, which saw Mumbai overtake Kolkata as India's most populous city. This influx caused unrest
among local Maharashtrians who worried about the loss of culture, jobs,

Slums in Mumbai
Bombay – now known as Mumbai – is the home of Bollywood movies and India's city of gold, its financial capital. Like a magnet, it draws in people
from all over the country. But behind the glitz, glamour and the hype lurks a different reality – a city landscape dominated by massive, sprawling slums
– some of the biggest in the world. According to the city housing authority, eight million out of the twelve million people inMumbai live in the slums.
And Mumbai is not alone. Slums are a global problem. They are home to one billion people – one in six of the world's population. UN–Habitat predicts
that by 2030, one in every three people in the world could be living in a slum. Mumbai is expensive, and even the middle classes have...show more
content...
SLUM REDEVELOPMENT SCHEMES
In the mid–1990s, the state government of Maharashtra introduced an innovative strategy of slum redevelopment in its capital city, Mumbai (Bombay).
Based on demolishing existing slums and rebuilding on the same sites at a higher density, it is very distinct from the two prevalent conventional
strategies with respect to slums in developing countries – slum clearance and slum upgrading. The most successful rehabilitation schemes are those
where the communities themselves have been involved in the design and building.
Under the Scheme, all those living in slum communities who came to the city before 1 January 1995 (about four million people) will be given free
housing. This will be achieved by selling the land occupied by slums to builders, on condition that they construct concrete apartments for all
slumdwellers on the site. On the remaining land they will be allowed to build for the open market. If re–housing the poor requires a greater proportion
of the land than expected, the builders will be able to transfer their rights to free–market building in other parts of the suburbs.
Each slum household, properly identified, would under the new plan be entitled to a 70–square–metre apartment in a multi–storeyed building on the
same plot.
In the five years since the Slum Redevelopment Scheme has been in existence, barely 250 projects have so far been cleared. Work

Research Paper On Navi Mumbai
bout Navi Mumbai
Navi Mumbai – known to be one of the most rapidly developing infrastructural projects in India, Navi Mumbai or New Bombay is a planned project
that began in 1971. It is is situated across two districts namely Thane and Raigad and has a beautiful setting with creeks on one side and hill ranges
bounding it on the other side. This kind of location makes it one of the perfect holiday spots in India.
The nearest airport is the Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport, Mumbai at a distance of 21 kms from Navi Mumbai. Navi Mumbai has a booming
infrastructure and is well connected to other parts of the state and country. The city maintains a good public transportation system with the Navi
Mumbai Municipal Transport serving the people. The most important suburban stations are Vashi, Nerul, Belapur and Panvel. All these stations are
major railway...show more content...
Renowned for hospitality and facilities, the hotel has 100 exquisitely designed rooms. All these rooms have LCD TV, wired and wireless broadband
internet access, digitally secure safe, telephone with voicemail, well–stocked mini–bar and spacious bathroom. There are varied dining options in the
premises, including a coffee shop, an Indian vegetarian restaurant, an open air barbecue, a multi–cuisine restaurant and a lounge bar.
Yogi Executive: featuring an outdoor pool, the Yogi Executive is one of the most modern four star hotels in navi mumbai offering facilities like
doctor on call, car rentals, pick up and drop facilities, money exchange facilities apart from a gym spa centre, a swimming pool and fitness centre.
All the luxury 4 star hotels in Navi Mumbai have been dubbed to be the best in the country. Visitors can always rely to find 4 star accommodations
round the year in the city that is lying in the lap of nature and can be the perfect holiday spot for anyone traveling to

Traffic Management N Mumbai

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