Traditional Media And New Media

Traditional Media And New Media
We are at this era where we can sit and type something out which could be accessed by anyone who is online. New media such as blogging, social
media and the internet creates this possibility.
However this has introduced an argument where the new media appears as a space for every citizen in a democracy to participate in the public
conversation. The internet is deploying political influence, elevating political involvement and questioning the monopoly of traditional elites. The main
idea being that new media is able to generate dissenting voice of every citizen.
Hence new media appears as something transcendental. Does that indicate that new media has its own agency? If it does, does it have a self? Does that
change the assumed "neutral"...show more content...
But that does not alter the broader picture. If regional and local papers disappear, with only national and international news sources like CNN left
standing, we may regret having nowhere to read about recent city council meetings, church picnics, school fundraisers, and other matters of the kind of
community concern that have long been integral to American civic life. Before modern media brought national news and politics into the home of
every citizen, many Americans could be more interested in and affected by the deliberations of the local assembly or the state legislature than by the
comings and goings of powerful people in Washington or New York City. That perspective is becoming increasingly difficult to maintain.
Q. Discuss the affects of new media on democracy.
Through this essay I will explore this agency of new media and how its contact with the agency of the authoritarian forces and citizens shows how
new media itself is a powerful tool independent of the authority and the population. We will go through works of Lincoln Dahlberg, Henry Jenkins and
David Thornburn 's edited work of "Democracy and New Media, Matthew Hindman's The Myth of Digital Democracy and Evgeny Morozov's The Net
Delusion
The question–'How does technology, social media affect democracy?' will be explored by first looking at how technology and social media has
influenced the way we perceive and interact with the world. On June, 2009, about thousands of young
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Argumentative Essay On News Media
News media serves as the main source of information for people in most nations, regardless of the kind of government or democracy in place. Since
humans take decisions and function based on the kind of information they have, the importance of information flow cannot be overemphasised.
Governments, well aware of the role and power of the news media to influence the populace, place a high premium on, and will go to great lengths
to align the available news media to serve their purpose. This goes for the whole spectrum on governance, from democratic to autocratic. Observing
the origins of conflict globally over years, especially civil wars which is a great threat to human security, information available from news media has
been a key motivation or driver.
The 1994 Rwandan genocide is an example of how information access interphases with national security negatively to create chaos. The government of
the day used state owned media to pitch the Tutsi's and Hutu's against each other, while the world watched. Democratic governments do not necessarily
guarantee press freedom and human rights, and autocracies stifle the same as we may want to think, if taken at face value. Many democratic
governments basically run the state owned news media and dictate their output, which begs the question what is the minimum level of democracy and
what exactly makes media "free". (Hutchinson, Salvatore and Whitten–Woodring). Sometimes there seems to be a mismatch between government type
and the

Traditional Media vs. New Media Essay examples
In the current age of technological advances, it seems that old media is facing competition from ever expanding new forms of media. Traditional
media often referred to as old media, consists of broadcast/cable television, radio, newspapers, magazines and the majority of print publications. The
earliest form of old media was a Newspaper that have been around for centuries, straining off as written newsletter, and ultimately progressing into an
official true publication. "The first true newspaper in English was the London Gazette of 1666" (Anon 2010) this was only the beginning for what
developed into an everyday habit of purchasing printed newspapers and articles. During this period of time, newspapers were the only form of medium
that...show more content...
The rise of social networking such as Facebook or Twitters gave individuals new opportunities for people to share their ideas and information.
Websites such as YouTube and online TV streaming such as iPlayer or 4 on Demand had played a leading role in creating an environment where each
individual can have a freedom of choosing what they want to view. Consequently the Internet can described as an "open source, free posting,
decentralized broadcasting, serendipitous interaction, purpose oriented communication, and shared creation that find their expression on the Internet."
(Castells 2001: 200) Websites have a great meaning of interaction due to its nearly infinite possibilities of expressing personal creativity. It is also
important to say that online environment has a unique approach towards the consumer, which is centered on a specific and customizable content,
providing a "much more individualized experience than the 'one–to–many' structure of traditional mass media." (Curran and Morley 2006: 280)
Throughout recent years web has secured its place in society, strengthening its position and revealing its advantages over traditional processes of
production and distribution. In the current climate of economic pressures, Internet offers an alternative that is considered to be inexpensive when
compared to the traditional distribution of music, magazines or newspapers where physical resources are a fundamental part of the production process.
Lowering costs also

Information and entertainment today are usually spread through the development of technology. Due to this, various medias enable us to give and
receive information. Media can be divided into traditional media and new media (Christian, 2014). While it is easy to pinpoint the differences of the
two medias, there are also some similarities that tie both medias together.
Both traditional and new media provide information, news and messages to inform us happenings around the world (UK Essays, 2013). Regardless of
if it is the newspaper, magazine or Facebook, e–magazine, all types of media are able to relay information and entertainment.
Media also serves as a bridge in communication. Years ago, phones, pagers and letters were the only way of communication when it is not...show more
content...
To make sure that the newspaper readers and e–newsletter viewers have the correct news, newspaper companies have reporters, journalists, managing
editors, executive editors in order to provide the news without mistakes. (Bureau of Labour Statistics, 2014–2015) The method of gathering information
is also used in broadcast media to produce drama and videos in new media. Television programmes and videos also need to take many editing for the
final product.
Traditional and new media also provide enjoyment. There are readers who love the feel of print media, and also there are readers who love the speed
and accessibility of online media (Charles, 2015). Some public like the layout of print, feeling that it more effectively guides their intuitive sense to
what content is "more important" or "more urgent" than other content. While some readers prefer print over online media because they consider digital
media (Meckler, 2010). It is without a doubt that traditional and new media allows people of today to choose their preferred medium to send and receive

Introduction New media has been easily made available everywhere and Facebook in particular as one of the world most popular social networking
site (SNS) can be made accessible from desktops, laptops, smartphones and tablet because of this, almost everybody can have access to Facebook
anywhere they go. For the most reason, due to the introduction of new media, Facebook plays a key role communication and staying in touch with
families, friends, acquaintances, businesses, groups meetings and a whole lot of others. Moreover it has also been useful in growing markets and
advertising mediums through big companies, brands and highly respectable top class businesses. New media as a broad topic can be defined as a "form
of communication which transmits information through a medium that uses routers and servers via high–speed internet and involves materials been
received via desktops, computers, tablets and smartphones". In this paper, I will like to convey how the dramaturgical model of communication on
the use of Facebook reveal how humans communicate their identities using both front stage, back stage and impression management to have a
perceived view about the world as well as how it reflects people everyday lives. To begin with, the world's largest Social media site (Facebook) has
made it possible for your front stage, back stage and impression management to be different due to the individual view of what they believe and how
they manage their social interactions with

Effects of New Media on Political Reporting
In what ways has the 'new media' and the changing technology of political reporting affected its quality and availability?
Over the last decade there has been a significant change in the way in which the media industry reports political news to their audience. With
newspaper popularity decreasing, the computer and television industry are gaining larger audiences at a fast rate. Therefore, this rise of new media has
made news reporting quicker and more accessible to readers through the use of technology such as; the internet, twenty four hour news channels, blogs
and satellite television. However, there is room for debate when discussing the speed and availability of new media, which may question how reliable
and accurate these news...show more content...
This form of new media is advantageous for political reporting in that news is not limited to one county, but can travel worldwide. In turn, this leads the
public to become more knowledgeable over international affairs. In contrast, others may argue that global communication has not developed evenly
worldwide, with richer countries being at an advantage over the poorer. Hamelink found that there is an information imbalance with a "great proportion
of the world at a serious disadvantage, rendering it susceptible to exploitation and manipulation." (Watson, 1998, p.227–228) Consequently, this raises
an issue of how available news sources actually are to other countries and although 'richer' nations are aware of international affairs, 'poorer' nations are
in affect left out of the loop and therefore become more susceptible to believing inaccurate reports. Furthermore, with the increased invention of
technologies such as the internet, there is therefore, a faster communication rate allowing information to be delivered to individuals around the world.
However, there is room for debate as to whether global media may in fact, run the risk of leaking inaccurate reports, causing the quality of political
reporting to be questioned in the future. This, in turn, may jeopardise political relationships between countries.
When looking at the effects of new media and the changing

The Language of New Media by Lev Manovich Essay
Lev Manovich's book, The Language of New Media from 2001, has a specific angle when looking at new media. Manovich looks at new media
through the lens of visuals and cinematic code: "the visual culture of a computer age is cinematographic in its appearance". Manovich uses the term
"language" to describe "emergent conventions, design patterns and key forms of new media" (Manovich, 2001, pg. 38). This book focuses on how
new media has already developed rather than the future of it.
The book is well written which guides the reader through its dense content but giving short summaries at the end of each chapter. The arguments are
backed with a broad range of examples from his own experiences. The book is structured to make six chapters which...show more content...
278). This has to be kept in mind when reading.
Manovich explores new media and the new media language. "All existing media are translated into numerical data accessible for the computer. The
results: graphics, moving images, sounds, shapes, spaces, and texts become computable, that is, simply sets of computer data. In short media become
new media"(ibid, pg.25). Manovich looks at new media metaphorically as an artist. He explains two necessary ingredients for every art work, the
influence of existing media and new opportunities for the artist: the cultural interface (ibid, pg. 69). Cultural interfaces are the interaction between users
in culture which come from older cultural interfaces such as newspapers, photographs, magazines and cinema. The new media have offer new
technological possibilities or operations as he calls it. As these are being explored, older ones will not be used anymore or converge into new forms of
media. To understand the language of new media we need to look carefully at what came before and the possibilities that computers have when they
are just created. Manovich sees three cultural forms as the most important that shape the language of new media: print, cinema and human computer
interface, in particular graphical user interfaces also known as GUI. Print is the oldest and was the base for cultural convention. For example the page
was used in the digital world. Cinema is the second cultural form that influenced new media,

The News Media And The Effects Of The News Media
Effects of News Media
Michael Green
HUM/186
08/07/2017
Allyson Wells Effects of News Media
The effects or the news media in today's culture is tremendous. We use the news media not only to stay informed, but also as a way among many
Americans to form an opinion about certain topics in today's world. This information is provided to us through the use of sources such as television
news, radio and more and more the internet. These forms of information find themselves in a constant and perpetual news cycle within American
culture.
Social Responsibility in Reporting
The news media has a responsibility to the American people to ensure accuracy in a story. While these sources have the right to publish what they want,
they need to be...show more content...
The divisiveness of these practices can be tremendous. Personally, I tend to get my information from several sources, analyze the data, and then come
to a rational conclusion as to what I believe the truth to be. This approach has allowed me to look through the partisan viewpoint, allowing me to see
the bias in the everyday reporting.
Media Convergence
The convergence of media, especially the more traditional media sources taking to the internet, has been both a blessing and a curse. The ability to
report on anything in the world at a moment's notice has transformed the idea of journalism. The reporters of today are of no resemblance of the
reporters of the past. The folks who would spend weeks tracking down information and sources for a story now spend moments at a laptop
accomplishing what they consider to be the same thing. This has caused the current news media to have issues with both integrity and accuracy. In the
past, reporters would spend ample amounts of time gathering information, forming their thoughts, and writing the article. Even with the amount of time
they spent on this process, there was even more time allotted for checking and double checking their facts to ensure the accuracy and morality of the
story. Today's journalists have posted articles just moments after an event. This can be helpful in many ways, but also harmful. The immediate
gratification of posting an article negates any thought about

The Danger Of New Media
There is perhaps nothing more satisfying than lazing on the couch, munching on one's favorite snack, and binging one's life away with entertaining, but
mind–numbing television shows and movies. Today, it is quite evident that schooling plays a major role in influencing and shaping the population,
but it may in fact be mass media that plays the largest role. To a certain extent, how we choose to perceive the world is entirely in our hands.
However, most of the time this is not the case; there are times where we have no control over what we perceive because it is so dependent on our
environment and the influences that surrounds us, especially mass media. Samuels once said "The danger of new media is not so much whether the
content is corrupting or enlightening; the problem is that it eats away all of our fundamental oppositions between truth and reality, technology and
nature, self and other, and memory and perception" (citation here). I truly believe that there are quite a number of prominent films that consistently
blur the lines between the dichotomies that Samuel mentions in Inception is deception. One such film is the classic horror film The Shining, directed
by Stanley Kubrick. At first glance, this movie may appear to be the typical horror movie; but looks can be deceiving, as the film is filled to the brim
with sophisticated concepts and ideas about subjects like identity and society. This film actively attempts to obscure the distinction of self and other,
and of

How Social Media Has Changed Our Lives Essay
Introduction The world has never before been connected as much as it is today. One's ability to communicate through various mediums is rapidly
advancing, and this is much thanks to social media. Social media can be defined as websites and applications that enable users to create and share
content or participate in social networking. As a phenomenon of only the past couple of decades, it has certainly changed the way we live our
everyday lives. Whether socially or professionally, it opens the door to incredible amounts of information; most of which is freely shared. There is
an old saying of, "it is not the amount of knowledge you acquire that matters, it what you do with the knowledge that matters." With the amount of
knowledge shared by people, one could easily take that knowledge and offer a product worth purchasing. For this paper, assuming that I am a small
business owner, I will examine the power of doing so through various means of social media. Each site I use will be broken down, and I will give an
in–depth look as to what techniques and approaches used for promoting my brand. Let's take a look, starting with the company and its mission. The
Product At only twenty–one years old, I am assured of one thing: everyone loves to represent. Representation could include one's beliefs, lifestyle, or
maybe a sports team they like. Such representative behavior spans through all walks of life, so how do I offer an ability to do so in a product? This
noticed pattern of

The Internet And New Media
In the new millennium, the communication channels have advanced at an amazing rate, making it possible for two people separated by thousands of
kilometers to get in contact and socialize as if they were face to face. These possibilities of human interconnection have transformed the internet, as Bill
Gates well says, into the meeting place of world population.
The outer shell of the internet and all of its services encouraged over time the materialization of many computer programs, with features that help create
numerous digital extensions of the man, giving birth to the online generation. This generation is one that does not conceive life without internet or
gadgets, such as mobile phones or iPods and that is more concerned to make their own news than to expect them from the traditional media, like the
newspaper or television. All the new programs created for the computer and internet use, like the latest version of the internet, called Web 2.0, citizen
journalism and life–imitating virtual worlds, are part of a new movement that is named new media. The internet and new media are interconnected, the
last being unable to exist without the first.
The unlimited possibility given by the internet and new media attract people and make them to forget about the existence of the old media. People
rather create their own debating digital channel, the making of a personal avatar in a virtual world or signing in on a social networking website,
instead of waiting for the news or

Essay on The News Media
The News Media Being "objective" has been an unrealistic ethic that defines the news media. Fallows agues that journalism and the news has provided
largely "entertainment fluff" and has virtually selected unthinking news communicated to the American people; and Paenti agrees and states that the
Media is big business and therefore is not independent, objective, neutral, informative, balanced, and truthful. Their ideas may seem outlandish and
farfetched, but it is the fact of life for the media today. The news media struggles to please every component of the business, from the advertisers to
the owners. In turn, every word that is typed or spoken has one side of the story. The news shows that air on television today is nothing. but...show more
content...
None of those questions were ever answered. Fallows notes that, "There was no overlap whatsoever between the questions the students asked and
those raised by the anchors. None of the questions from these news professionals concerned the impact that legislation or politics on people's lives
(Fallows 22)." Fallows goes on to say "...the questions concerned the pure game of–– the struggle among candidates interest mainly in their own
advancement (Fallows 23)." Even with the opportunity to ask questions that concern people's lives the media would rather talk about only the
tactics of politics, barely skimming the surface of the real important issues that affects common peoples lives. The news media, to many Americans,
is a source of impartiality and a way to hear both sides of the story. Contrary to those popular beliefs, personal beliefs and economic interests do not
only persuade the news media. Fallows gives many examples of public icons that have stated facts that had hidden agendas. The first example I will
use, that Fallows brings up an event that happened in May 1995. A man named George Will wrote a column and made on
–air comments scorning
President Clinton and his administration for planning to place tariffs on Japanese cars focusing on the Lexus. On the Brinkley show Will said that the
tariffs would be "illegal" and would amount to "a subsidy for Mercedes dealerships". Fallows goes on to say, "Neither in his column nor on the show

Cause And Effect Of News Media
Becky Johnson
HUM/186
August 7, 2017
Allyson Wells Effects of News Media Essay In today's society, information from the media plays an important role in our lives. I do agree with the
fact that social media companies have a moral responsibility. We as people depend on the different types of media to provide the information that
we seek. From the news to your favorite artist, we tend to find information to which we can relate, especially with music. If you are having a bad
day there is a song from one of your favorite artist that you can relate to and it can help brighten your day or lead to a negative effect. With politics,
some people might like what they hear and will protest to get their voice heard by the public figure or politician to possibly change their views. The
Rodney King beating is a good example how the media influenced people to go on a rampage and riot the city.
News and political opinions work together in a sense. Politician uses news media outlets to captivate the masses. Without the news media being
involved in politics, Politicians couldn't possibly reach out to the media they are trying to attract. But, with the news media is working hand and hand
with politics to give us views and also opinions. We can choose whether we agree or disagree with the politics that we are viewing. Things like this
can be very influential on our daily lives.
Do the information media have social responsibility? If yes, in what ways? If no, why not?

The Evolution of Media Essay
The media has become a comfortable staple and commodity to the global lives it touches inadvertently and significantly. But what is this
incontrovertible influence? It is the radio, newspapers, television broadcasts, such as CNN and MTV; entertaining and informational, the media is
a valuable asset to all. How it came about was during the pivotal 20th century where skies were filled with airplane raids and on land there were
people full of fear, telling stories of the everlasting wars. The innate fear of world domination by Nazis and annihilation of all mankind by atomic
weapons were major driving forces to create the media; people wanted the answers to their questions and needed to be informed of the global chaos.
However, as time...show more content...
This remained the informational monopoly until reporters adapted Marconi's 1905 invention of the transatlantic telegraph system to the radio. This was
a monumental juncture for it marked the beginning of facilitated forms of assimilating crucial information to the general public. Radio allowed
information to be sent across the Atlantic Ocean and to the ears of the curious and concerned.
Nevertheless, the media was not merely used for informational purposes but for swaying the beliefs of people, as well, which is known as
propaganda. During WWI, the involvement of citizens in the war was critical and plenty of engagement was necessary. So, in order to recruit more
soldiers and gain more support for the war, artists, teamed with government officials, created posters, a part of mass media, to entice citizens for further
participation. The posters helped not only with the obvious aim of recruiting members for the armed forces, but with the parallel home–front efforts, as
well. The United War Work campaign, the Red Cross, and most notably, the Liberty and Victory loans were all promoted by war
–induced propaganda
and, unambiguously, helped strengthen the United States of America socially, economically, and politically. The stimulation of war efforts through its
respective propaganda remains valid because posters like Rosie the Riveter, conserving material posters, and enlisting posters, caught the eyes of many
since these posters were easily

The Social Impact of Digital Media Essay
In the past decade, the rise in internet usage has become exponential. It has paved the way for an amalgamated globalized media network working
towards bringing people together and exposing them to a wealth of information at the same time. Digital in nature, the internet is like a global village
allowing everyone unlimited access to anything, anytime and anywhere. It transcends physical boundaries allowing connections on an individual,
personal and professional level. More importantly, the beauty of the internet lies in the fact that it is interactive and encourages participation as well as a
sense of community when compared to traditional forms of media. Its self sufficiency not only provides information an arena to build and grow, but
...show more content...
The seduction posed by the internet can't necessarily be responsible for the deterioration of human personas and values. In his book 'The Internet and
Society', James Slevin contends that new media, particularly the internet is largely responsible for creating further uncertainties in an already
uncertain world. However, the internet has had an effect on innumerable people and organisations as a result of its ability for synthesising and
integrating knowledge. New media has sparked a line of thought where it is believed to endanger our ideals but at the same time holds promise for
the future. By the end of this essay not only will we discover the impact of new media, but also gain an understanding of how it has become essential
for the growth and development of society.
A brief overview of the internet was crucial in order to understand new media and its underlying concepts. Lievrouw and Livingstone mentioned in one
of their joint publications that researchers have struggled to pinpoint when exactly the era of new media began. However, as per academic scholars in
their book, the movement came to the forefront via the 'Journal of Communication' and the online publishing of 'Journal of Computer –Mediated
Communication' in 1996. Another key event which marked the progress was when the

The Advantages of the New Media Technologies
Portability is a big advantage of new media technologies and is being touched upon by nearly all newly released technologies. Everything that has been
previously released is then re–released but in a smaller version. One good example of this is the iPod. Although there original iPod was a huge seller,
selling 4.5 million in just 3 months, Apple then decided to release the 'iPod mini'. Even though it was only possible to fit 1000 songs on the iPod
mini it was still one of the most anticipated new technologies of last year. They are now taking it to another level where Apple is planning to release
the 'iPod shuffle' which is only 3 inches long and 1 inch...show more content...
It is now possible to get portable DVD players that can be taken around in a bag without filling up to much space and still the quality of the picture is
very good and clear. Also even though you have to listen to thefilm through headphones the sound quality is not fuzzy and none of the special effects
go to waste. The sound quality in most mp3s is also very good. Even though some of them measure in at only 2 inches long the music that they hold
comes out in a very good quality. It is this quality that males them so popular. This offers the audience the chance to keep themselves entertained for
hours outside the home or when traveling without having to worry about ruining the film or song because the of quality problems. It makes having
some new technologies worth while.
Even though most new technologies are being re–released as much smaller versions there are some cases where the aim is to make the technology as
big as possible. The most obvious case is TVs. All the leading manufacturers are getting into making home cinema systems and 40 inch plasma screens
for your front room. Again, the quality is now becoming a lot better than it used to be for the old televisions. With the plasma screen the quality of the
picture is outstanding due to the higher definition and it adds to the effect of watching certain genres of films

New Media and Consumer Behavior Essay
New media and consumer behaviour
Introduction Social media is changing how marketers relate to their customers over that of traditionalist customer relationship management practices
and advertising. It has even been suggested that marketers are losing brand control and must therefore participate in more active, social media
conversations in order to gain brand loyalty and brand equity. Consumer behaviour patterns are changing in the 21st Century due to transformations in
society as well as the presence of social media outlets that alter the dynamics of consumer relationships with one another and with the organisations
that provide products and services. This paper provides a critical discussion of how the presence of social media...show more content...
This contemporary access to new media is effective in satisfying consumers of many different socio–cultural and socio–economic backgrounds due to
inherent needs and motivations that are shared by virtually all consumers globally. "A whole range of psychogenic drives stems from our social
environment, culture and social group interactions" (Evans, Jamal & Foxall, 2009, p.5). These psychogenic drives are status–related needs or simply
finding a sense of serenity regarding one's place in the social stratification system. According to psychologists, one of the basic motivational drivers is
the establishment of a sense of belonging, believing that one must be recognized by peers and general society through group affiliation. Under most
models, establishment of higher–order psychology cannot be established without this affiliation. "The satisfaction of the need for esteem produces
self–confidence, prestige, power and control" (Gambrel & Cianci, 2003, p.146). People in global society also need to feel as though they are having
an impact on their environment as it relates to power and control (Gambrel & Cianci). These inherent needs for recognition from society and peers are
also present in youth consumer markets. According to Berten & van Rossem (2008) adolescents are especially influenced by peer relationships and
feedback with whom they have strong interpersonal connections as well as their desired reference group. This is important to

Characteristics Of New Media
3. GLOBALIZATION AND NEW MEDIA: The New Media have five distinctive characteristics: digitality, convergency, interactivity, hypertextuality,
and virtuality (Chen & Zhang, 2010; Flew, 2005; Lister, Dovery, Giddings, Grant, & Kelly, 2009). First, digitalization is the most prominent feature of
new media. New media or digital media dematerializes media text by converting data from analog into digital form, which allows all kind of
mathematical operations. New media also makes it possible for a large amount of information to be retrieved, manipulated, and stored in a very limited
space. Second, New Media converge the forms and functions of information, media, electronic communication, and electronic computing. The
convergence power of new...show more content...
Finally, the cyberspace formed by new media allows people to generate virtual experience and reality. The invisible cyberspace not only induces a gap
between reality and virtuality, but also effectuates the free alternation of one's gender, personality, appearance, and occupation. The formation of virtual
community that crosses all the boundaries of human society definitely will challenge the way we perceive reality and have traditionally defined
identity. (Jones, 1995). These salient features of New Media push the trend of Multiculturalism and Diversity in which Globalization acts as a catalyst.
As defined by Steger (2009), globalization "refers to the expansion and intensification of social relations and consciousness across world–time and
world–space" (p. 15). In other words, globalization is "a social process in which the constraints of geography on social and cultural arrangements
recede and people become increasingly aware that they are receding" (Waters, 1995, p, 3). It involves the expansion, stretching, intensification, and
acceleration of social activities in both objective/material and subjective/ human consciousness levels, or different levels of human society, including
the entire world, a specific nation, a specific industry or organization, and an individual (Govindarajan & Gupta, 1997). The powerful impact of
globalization, enhanced by the advent of new media, is revealed in its dynamic, pervasive,

There is no doubt that the landscape in which people consume news has changed drastically over the years. Before the first movable type was invented
in 1440, people would spread news by word of mouth, which often led to inaccuracies in reporting. But as time went on, technology became more
developed and sophisticated. With these developments in technology, other ways to consume news, such as broadcast (through radio and television),
and more recently, online (through the Internet), were created.
Initially, the emergence of the Internet was considered a revolution in terms ofjournalism and news consumption. No longer were citizens "limited by
the small number of broadcast channels and local publications available in their local area" (Hindman, 2007). But over time, as the Internet became a
more popular source of news, the people behind print and television news media...show more content...
Some scholars have even gone on to suggest that online news media complements, rather than replaces, traditional media when it comes to news
consumption (Nguyen & Western, 2006). According to the two, most studies on media competition have been focusing on medium–centric perspective
thus far. That is to say, studies operate under the assumption that different forms of media serve the same functions, therefore new media will
eventually replace traditional media.
Nguyen and Western argued that no medium is an absolute substitute to another, as they all have different qualities to serve different people in a
variety of contexts. Even if news consumers reduce the time spent on traditional media in favour of new media, it does not necessarily mean that they
will completely abandon the

Traditional Media And New Media

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