the president of the usa

1. Thomas Jefferson’s
Presidency &
Westward Expansion
(1801-1809)
Chap.7 (p. 228-249)
Standard 8. 4

2. The Beginning
 March 4, 1801
 Thomas Jefferson is the
first President
inaugurated in the new
capital city of Washington
D.C.
 He delivers his first
inaugural address. This
address outlines what he
feels are the essential
principles of government.

3. Jefferson’s First Inaugural
Address (1801)
 Essential Principles of Government
 “equal and exact justice to all men”
 “peace and honest friendship with all nations”
 “the support of state governments”
 freedom of religion & freedom of the press
 Desired to keep the government “small”
 Wanted to unite all “federalists” and all
“republicans”

4. T. Jefferson as President
 The election of 1800 marked the first
peaceful transition in power from one
political party to another.
 President Jefferson’s beliefs about the
federal government were reflected in his
policies.
 Marbury v. Madison increased the power of
the judicial branch of government.

5. PARTNER PAIR SHARE-
Group Discussion Question?
 In your group please describe 1 “core
belief” that Jefferson expressed in his First
Inaugural Address.
 A)________ B)________ C)__________
 Each person must verbally communicate a core
belief of Jefferson’s aloud to their group.
 Sentence Starter– “ One core belief that
Jefferson expressed in his Inaugural Address
was”___________________

6. ELECTION of 1800
 Federalists John Adams &
Charles C. Pinckney ran
against Democratic-
Republicans Thomas
Jefferson & Aaron Burr.
 Jefferson and Burr tied, with
73 electoral votes each.
 The House broke the tie by
selecting Jefferson to be
president; Burr became vice
president.

7. John Adams & the Federalists
 Rule by the wealthy
class
 Strong federal
government
 Emphasis on
manufacturing
 Loose interpretation of
the Constitution
 British alliance

8. Democrat-Republicans
 Rule by the people
 Strong state
governments
 Emphasis on
agriculture
 Strict interpretation
of the Constitution
 French alliance

9. Group Discussion Question..
 Identify the major
differences between the
first two Political
Parties in America (The
Dem. Republicans vs.
The Federalists)
 Sentence Starter—
One of the major
differences between the
Dem. Republicans and
the Federalists was that
the Federalist Party
favored _________ in
Europe, while the Dem.
Republicans favored
___________.

10. Jefferson’s Policies
 Allowed the hated Alien and Sedition Acts to
expire
 Kept the National Bank in place
 Lowered military spending
 Got rid of domestic taxes
 Said main functions of federal govt. were-
1)Protecting the nation from foreign threats
2)Delivering mail
3) Collecting customs duties

11. CFU?
 1) Which of the following
was a major theme of
Thomas Jefferson’s
inaugural address?
A.) uniting Republicans &
Federalists
B.) increasing the size of
government
C.) improving the capital’s
infrastructure
D.) repaying the national debt
 2.) According to
Thomas Jefferson, the
primary role of the
federal government
does not include……
A.) protecting the nation from
foreign threats.
B.) delivering the mail.
C.) collecting customs duties.
D.) expanding domestic taxes

12. Supreme Court Case
(Marbury vs. Madison-1801)
 William Marbury appointed justice of peace
by President Adams just before he left office
 Marbury’s job was not delivered; then
Jefferson took office
 Marbury sued Jefferson administration to
get his commission/job

13. Marbury vs. Madison (1801)
 Supreme Court said the law that Marbury
used to argue the case was “un-
constitutional”….
 Ruling established “Judicial Review”—
Court’s power to declare an act of Congress
unconstitutional
 Made judicial branch equal to other two
branches of government !

14. CFU ?
 Which of the following statements does not
reflect the significance of Marbury vs.
Madison?
A. It confirmed the Supreme Court’s power to declare acts of
Congress unconstitutional.
B. It established the power of “judicial review”.
C. It meant the Supreme Court had to hear every case
brought before it.
D. It helped make the judicial branch equal to the other two
branches.

15. Louisiana Purchase (1803)
 April 30, 1803
 Robert Livingston & James
Monroe signed the Louisiana
Purchase Treaty in Paris
France
 The United States paid $15
million for the land, roughly 4
cents per acre
 Largest land purchase in
American History ! --
DOUBLED THE SIZE OF
THE U.S
 The purchase added 828,00
square miles of land west of
the Mississippi to the United
States

16. Maps of the Louisiana Purchase
The original maps can be found at:
http://www.washington.edu/uwired/outreach/cspn/hstaa432/lesson_4/louisiana.html

17. Group Discussion Question..
 What issues could possibly arise or what
arguments could people make against the
purchase of the Louisiana Territory from
France ? (think about the arguments made
against creating the Nat’l bank …)
 _____________________________________
_____________________________________

18. Lewis and Clark Expedition
 January 18, 1803--
Jefferson asks Congress for
funds to explore the land
west of the Mississippi
 His goal is to find a
water route to the
Pacific
 May 1804-- Meriwether
Lewis and William Clark
depart on the expedition to
find a water route to the
Pacific Ocean……

19. Lewis and Clark Expedition
• Jefferson wants Lewis
& Clark to establish
trade w/ the Indians
• The expedition began
in _________,Missouri
• Reached the Pacific
Ocean in November,
1805

21. CFU
1) The Louisiana Purchase was significant to
the United States because ?
A.) it nearly doubled the size of the country.
B.) it helped the United States challenge British power in
North America.
C.) it set a precedent regarding the purchase of territory
without congressional approval.
D.) it took New Orleans out of Spain’s control.

22. Second Inaugural Address
 Delivered on March 4, 1805
 Stresses the importance of American neutrality
in matters of foreign affairs
 Outlines the Louisiana Purchase and the
processes by which the original inhabitants of
the land will become citizens of the United
States
 Stresses the importance of harmony amongst all
inhabitants of America

23. Embargo Act of 1807
 1803 - Renewal of the Napoleonic Wars between
France and Great Britain
 America was once again trapped between the two
nations
 Jefferson wanting to stay neutral proposed an embargo
on all foreign trade
 This was highly unsuccessful and devastated the
American Economy
 The Non-Intercourse Act of 1809 was put in place to
repeal the unsuccessful Embargo Act

24. CFU?
2) The Embargo Act failed because……
A.) the Non-Intercourse Act limited its scope.
B.) the Federalist party rallied against it.
C.) it caused American merchants to lose money and
had little effect on Britain and France.
D.) Spain replaced the loss of U.S. trade with
increased trade in South America.

25. CFU ?
 After a British navy ship targeted an
American navy ship in 1807, Great Britain’s
violations of U.S. neutrality resulted in the
Embargo Act, which banned trade with ….
A. Britain.
B. France.
C. Europe.
D. all foreign countries.

26. Sacagawea
 Sacagawea--- a
Shoshone woman,
served as a guide and
interpreter.
 The Shoshone Indians
and Nez Perce helped
the Expedition with
food and animals.

27. CFU ?
* Lewis and Clarke failed in
their expedition in that they did
not
A.) collect adequate information
about western plants and
animals.
B.) survey the Louisiana
Purchase.
C.) travel over the Cascade
Range on horseback.
D.) find a river route across the
West to the Pacific Ocean.
* Which came first?
A.) the Embargo Act
B.) the War of 1812
C.) violations of U.S.
neutrality
D.) war between Great
Britain and France

28. PIKE’s Expedition
 Zebulon Pike---an army officer,
led another expedition to the
West in (1806).
 Explored area near Louisiana
Territory’s western border with
New Spain
 Headed into Rocky Mountains
in present-day Colorado
 Traveled into Spanish lands
and was arrested
 Pike’s report offered Americans
the first description of the
Southwest.

29. Build up to the War of 1812
• British & French tried to
stop the U.S from helping
the other while they were
at war in (1803)
• British stopped American
merchant ships without
reason.
• Impressment- the practice
of capturing and forcing
people to serve in the
Navy. British were doing
this to Americans on the
sea.

30. CFU ?
1) What was the significance of
Zebulon Pike’s exploration?
A.) It provided many Americans
with their first account of the
Northwest.
B. ) It helped outline the Louisiana
Territory’s western border with New
Spain.
C. )It provided a full report of
Spanish spying activities in the
Southwest.
D.) It inspired mountain climbers to
explore the peaks of the Cascade
2) In the opinion of the U.S, what
was the last straw in Britain’s
breach of U.S. neutrality during the
British-French conflict?
A.) The British stopped and searched
American merchant ships to look for
deserted sailors.
B.) The British stopped U.S. Navy
ships to take deserted sailors back
by force.
C.) British sailors who had run from their
naval duties boarded American ships.
D.) British boats began to search and seize
ships carrying war supplies to France.

31. Impressment of the U.S ships &
sailors

32. Native Americans, Great Britain,
and the U.S came
into conflict in the West.
 Problems over land----British and Native
Americans clashed with American settlers over
land in the West. British agents armed Native
Americans along western frontier
 Tecumseh-- a Shawnee chief, emerged as an
Indian leader. He wanted to unite all Native
Americans of northwestern frontier

33. Tecumseh & the Battle of
Tippecanoe (1811)

34. Battle of Tippecanoe (1811)
 Governor William Henry
Harrison (Indiana Territory)
warned Tecumseh not to
resist the U.S
 Harrison led the attack in 1811
 W.H. Harrison worried that
with British help, Tecumseh
could be a serious threat to
the U.S.
 U.S. forces won Battle of
Tippecanoe, and Tecumseh
fled to Canada

35. “WarHawks” call for WAR !
 Evidence of British
support for Tecumseh
angered Americans
 WarHawks--young
members of Congress
from the South and West,
demanded war against
Britain.
 WarHawks wanted to
invade Canada for more
land to settle