This document outlines details of a defamation case filed by Justice Sawant against Times Now news channel. The key details are:
1) Times Now aired Justice Sawant's photo incorrectly identifying him as being involved in a PF scam.
2) Justice Sawant complained but Times Now was slow to apologize and rectify the error, frustrating the judge.
3) Justice Sawant filed a defamation suit. The court ruled the broadcast was defamatory even though the photo was shown briefly.
4) Times Now was ordered to pay Justice Sawant 100 crores in damages for the defamation.
The document discusses key aspects of intellectual property provisions under the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement. It notes that the TPP extends trademark, patent, copyright and trade secret protections beyond existing international standards. Specific provisions outlined include expanded trademark protection for sounds/scents/collective marks, longer patent/data exclusivity terms, strengthened copyright and digital lock provisions, and criminal penalties for trade secret theft. The document also discusses predicted economic impacts of the TPP for different member countries.
This document discusses parody and its treatment under copyright law in various jurisdictions like the US, UK and India. It defines parody as a humorous imitation of a work for comic or ridiculing effect that changes the original work's words to give it new meaning. While copyright owners have exclusive rights over derivative works, parody is generally considered fair use as it serves the purpose of commentary/criticism and does not compete with the original work. However, certain principles like not harming the original commercially are considered.
The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) and National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) were constituted on June 1, 2016 under the Companies Act, 2013. Justice S J Mukhopadhaya was appointed as NCLAT Chairperson and Justice M M Kumar as NCLT President. NCLT has 11 benches across India and hears matters related to company law disputes, insolvency resolution, and other powers prescribed under the Companies Act.
Government control over licensing fee - an analysisAltacit Global
This document provides contact information for the offices of Altacit in various cities across India, including addresses and phone numbers. It also lists an email address and website for the company.
The document discusses the ongoing debate around the application of non-violation complaints (NVCs) under the WTO's Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). It outlines the positions of developed and developing countries on this issue, and notes that a moratorium on NVCs under TRIPS has been extended repeatedly at Ministerial Conferences due to the lack of agreement on how they should be handled for intellectual property disputes.
The document discusses medical negligence in sports in India. With the rise of professional sports leagues, more players and amateur athletes are participating in sports. This has led to more sports-related injuries that require treatment from team doctors. Some cases of medical malpractice or negligence in treating injuries have caused further harm to athletes and potentially ended their careers. Proper laws and guidelines around sports medicine and liability for negligence are needed as sports participation increases in India.
This document discusses false accusations and the rights of those falsely accused. It notes that false accusation occurs when a person is unlawfully prosecuted for a crime they did not commit. There are legal claims such as defamation of character, malicious prosecution, and false imprisonment that can be pursued. India believes in the principle that it is better for guilty persons to escape than for innocent persons to suffer. The document outlines sections of Indian penal code related to punishing false accusers.
The document outlines the timeline of events in the 1998 blackbuck poaching case involving actor Salman Khan in Rajasthan. Key details include:
- In September 1998, Salman Khan and co-actors were accused of poaching two blackbucks while filming in Rajasthan.
- A complaint was filed in October 1998. Salman Khan was arrested and granted bail.
- In 2006 he was convicted and sentenced to 5 years in prison, which was later suspended.
- The case saw multiple appeals and verdicts over the years, with the Rajasthan High Court ultimately acquitting Salman Khan in July 2016.
The document discusses key aspects of intellectual property provisions under the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement. It notes that the TPP extends trademark, patent, copyright and trade secret protections beyond existing international standards. Specific provisions outlined include expanded trademark protection for sounds/scents/collective marks, longer patent/data exclusivity terms, strengthened copyright and digital lock provisions, and criminal penalties for trade secret theft. The document also discusses predicted economic impacts of the TPP for different member countries.
This document discusses parody and its treatment under copyright law in various jurisdictions like the US, UK and India. It defines parody as a humorous imitation of a work for comic or ridiculing effect that changes the original work's words to give it new meaning. While copyright owners have exclusive rights over derivative works, parody is generally considered fair use as it serves the purpose of commentary/criticism and does not compete with the original work. However, certain principles like not harming the original commercially are considered.
The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) and National Company Law Appellate Tribunal (NCLAT) were constituted on June 1, 2016 under the Companies Act, 2013. Justice S J Mukhopadhaya was appointed as NCLAT Chairperson and Justice M M Kumar as NCLT President. NCLT has 11 benches across India and hears matters related to company law disputes, insolvency resolution, and other powers prescribed under the Companies Act.
Government control over licensing fee - an analysisAltacit Global
This document provides contact information for the offices of Altacit in various cities across India, including addresses and phone numbers. It also lists an email address and website for the company.
The document discusses the ongoing debate around the application of non-violation complaints (NVCs) under the WTO's Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS). It outlines the positions of developed and developing countries on this issue, and notes that a moratorium on NVCs under TRIPS has been extended repeatedly at Ministerial Conferences due to the lack of agreement on how they should be handled for intellectual property disputes.
The document discusses medical negligence in sports in India. With the rise of professional sports leagues, more players and amateur athletes are participating in sports. This has led to more sports-related injuries that require treatment from team doctors. Some cases of medical malpractice or negligence in treating injuries have caused further harm to athletes and potentially ended their careers. Proper laws and guidelines around sports medicine and liability for negligence are needed as sports participation increases in India.
This document discusses false accusations and the rights of those falsely accused. It notes that false accusation occurs when a person is unlawfully prosecuted for a crime they did not commit. There are legal claims such as defamation of character, malicious prosecution, and false imprisonment that can be pursued. India believes in the principle that it is better for guilty persons to escape than for innocent persons to suffer. The document outlines sections of Indian penal code related to punishing false accusers.
The document outlines the timeline of events in the 1998 blackbuck poaching case involving actor Salman Khan in Rajasthan. Key details include:
- In September 1998, Salman Khan and co-actors were accused of poaching two blackbucks while filming in Rajasthan.
- A complaint was filed in October 1998. Salman Khan was arrested and granted bail.
- In 2006 he was convicted and sentenced to 5 years in prison, which was later suspended.
- The case saw multiple appeals and verdicts over the years, with the Rajasthan High Court ultimately acquitting Salman Khan in July 2016.
The document contains information about Altacit, an organization that provides technology transfer services. It lists their office addresses and contact details in Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, and Hyderabad. It then discusses definitions, methods, pros and cons, financial implications, and the conclusion that technology transfer plays an important role in development.
This document provides an overview of anti-defection laws in India. It defines defection as a member abandoning loyalty to their political party. Large scale defections after the 1967 elections affected legislative functioning and led to the 52nd amendment adding the 10th schedule on anti-defection. This lays out grounds for disqualification of defecting members of political parties or independents. It discusses related court cases and loopholes regarding splits, mergers and the status of expelled members.
The document discusses key aspects of intellectual property provisions under the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement. It notes that the TPP extends trademark, patent, copyright and trade secret protections beyond existing international standards. Specific provisions outlined include expanded trademark protection for sounds/scents/collective marks, longer patent/data exclusivity terms, strengthened copyright and digital lock provisions, and criminal penalties for trade secret theft. The document also discusses predicted economic impacts of the TPP for different member countries.
The document discusses the registration of trademarks containing words in foreign languages in India. It provides details on the doctrine of foreign equivalents followed by the Indian trademark registry to determine if a foreign trademark can be registered. It examines translations and transliterations of foreign marks and whether they conflict with existing Indian marks or are descriptive. It summarizes some key court cases that addressed disputes over foreign language trademarks and the principles considered, such as whether the meaning of a foreign word would be understood by most Indian consumers.
Accounts payable and receivable introductionsAltacit Global
The document discusses accounts payable and receivable processes. It describes accounts payable as money owed to creditors for goods or services purchased on credit. The accounts payable process involves verifying vendor invoices by matching them to purchase orders and receipts. Accounts receivable is money owed by customers who purchased goods or services on credit. Companies must monitor accounts receivable aging and estimate uncollectible amounts to maintain accurate financial reporting.
This document contains contact information for the Altacit company in various Indian cities - Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, and Hyderabad. It also lists an email address and website.
Violation of duty of disclosure in patentsAltacit Global
The document discusses the "Duty of Disclosure" requirement under the Indian Patents Act for patent applications filed in India. It provides details on the history and interpretation of Section 8 of the Act, which mandates disclosing information on corresponding foreign patent applications. It outlines the time limits and details to be provided, and consequences of non-compliance such as grounds for pre-grant opposition, post-grant opposition, and revocation. It also summarizes two court cases where patents were revoked for violating Section 8 by not submitting information on foreign applications.
The document discusses the process of trademark rectification in India. It explains that rectification allows correcting errors or omissions in trademark registrations. An aggrieved party can file a rectification petition. The registry notifies the registered proprietor and matters proceed through evidence filing and a final hearing. Orders are appealable to the Intellectual Property Appellate Board.
This document discusses parliamentary privilege in India. It provides addresses for Altacit Global offices in Chennai, Bangalore, and Coimbatore. It then discusses that parliamentary privilege refers to the rights and immunities enjoyed by parliament and its members to discharge their functions. This includes freedom of speech in parliament and immunity from legal proceedings for views expressed. It outlines some relevant legal statutes and constitutional provisions regarding parliamentary privilege in India.
Patentability of graphical user interface designsAltacit Global
The document discusses the patentability of graphical user interface (GUI) designs. It provides information on the following:
1) GUIs are the visual aspects of operating systems, programs, apps, etc. and can be protected by design patents, which protect the look and feel of a design.
2) Design patents are narrow in scope and cover only exact or near-exact copies. They protect specific elements, colors, and placements of GUI components.
3) Copyright can protect individual GUI elements and compilations, as long as the elements demonstrate original expression. GUIs can also be protected as audiovisual works.
This document summarizes a legal case filed by Plaintiff M/s. Inphase Power Technologies against former employees who have now started their own competing business. The Plaintiff alleges that the Defendants have infringed on their patent for STATCOM devices and misappropriated trade secrets and confidential information obtained during their employment. The Plaintiff is seeking injunctions and damages. The Defendants deny the allegations and claim their product contains significant differences from the Plaintiff's.
Right to publicity & possible contracutal breachAltacit Global
The document discusses right to publicity and personality rights in India. It provides details on key cases where celebrities have invoked their personality rights, including cases involving Daler Mehndi, Amitabh Bachchan, Sonu Nigam, and Rajinikanth. It also outlines how personality rights have been developed through case law referencing privacy rights under the Constitution and potential contractual breaches when licenses are violated. In conclusion, it argues for a statute to formally protect publicity rights in India.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821 • The Cinematograph Act of 1952 provides for the certification of films for public exhibition in India and regulates exhibitions through cinematography.
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400 • A Board of Film Certification examines films and grants certificates like U (unrestricted public exhibition), UA (unrestricted public exhibition with endorsements), A (for adults only), or S (for special classes).
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
Role of sebi in market management and corporate governanceAltacit Global
The document discusses the role of the Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in regulating the capital markets and corporate governance in India. It provides details on SEBI's objectives to protect investors, regulate intermediaries and ensure fair practices in the market. SEBI functions through departments and advisory committees to achieve its goals of regulatory oversight, transparency and investor protection. It oversees stock exchanges, licenses brokers and monitors mergers and acquisitions. SEBI aims to create an efficient market that facilitates business needs while preventing fraud and promoting good governance.
This document summarizes a plagiarism case involving the Bollywood film Mohenjo-Daro. A director named Akashadithya Lama claimed the film's director Ashutosh Gowariker plagiarized his script. Lama filed multiple lawsuits but was unable to prove his script was disclosed to Gowariker or provide sufficient evidence of similarities between his work and the film. Lama ultimately lost the case and was fined for wasting the court's time.
This document provides information about domestic violence in India, including:
- Domestic violence is endemic and widespread in India, predominantly against women. Around 70% of women experience domestic violence.
- National Crime Records Bureau statistics show a crime against a woman occurs every 3 minutes in India.
- The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act of 2005 provides legal remedies and protections for victims of domestic abuse.
This document provides an overview of the key provisions related to One Person Companies (OPCs) under the Indian Companies Act, 2013. It outlines who can incorporate an OPC, the application process, requirements to appoint a nominee, restrictions, provisions around directors and meetings, financial reporting requirements, and contracts between an OPC and its sole member. Specifically, it notes an OPC can only have one member who must be an Indian citizen, a nominee must be appointed, no person can incorporate or be a nominee of more than one OPC, and resolutions can be passed and meetings conducted by the sole member or director.
This document provides contact information for three offices of Altacit, an organization located in Chennai, Bangalore, and Coimbatore, India. It lists the addresses, phone numbers, email, and website for each office location.
The document discusses anticipatory bail under Indian law. It provides details on:
- What anticipatory bail is and the section that empowers courts to grant it (Section 438)
- The courts that have jurisdiction to grant anticipatory bail - High Courts and Courts of Session
- The factors courts consider when deciding anticipatory bail applications
- Conditions courts can impose when granting anticipatory bail
- When a person can apply for anticipatory bail and the wide discretion courts have in deciding applications
The document discusses hate speech laws in India. It provides addresses and contact information for three offices located in Chennai, Bangalore, and Coimbatore. It then examines how hate speech laws have been influenced by concerns over caste-based discrimination and religious conflict. It outlines key instances of hate speech during elections and other time periods, and discusses laws prohibiting hate speech under the Indian Penal Code. A survey found that 85% of people see inter-religious hate speech as a serious problem in India. The Supreme Court has asked the Law Commission to examine the issue of hate speeches made by politicians.
This document provides a summary of abnormalities and issues across various packaging line equipment at a bottling plant. It lists equipment abnormalities for blow molding, filling, and conveyors, along with the operator assigned to resolve each issue and a suggested priority level. Key issues include mold and preform equipment damage requiring replacement, sensor and valve malfunctions, lubrication and filtration problems, and conveyor mechanical issues. The document aims to track and prioritize resolving abnormalities across the packaging line.
The document provides viewership data for Pakistani TV channels for April 2012. It summarizes that:
- Daily average viewing time dipped 8% for C&S audience and 11% for non-C&S audience compared to the previous month.
- For entertainment channels, Ary Digital and TV One gained share while Hum, Geo Ent and Express Ent lost share. For news channels, Ary News gained the most while Aaj TV and Geo News lost share.
- 8XM led the music channels but lost share. For regional channels, Apna Channel lost share while Apna News gained. For food channels, Masala maintained the highest viewership.
The document analyzes reach data
The document contains information about Altacit, an organization that provides technology transfer services. It lists their office addresses and contact details in Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, and Hyderabad. It then discusses definitions, methods, pros and cons, financial implications, and the conclusion that technology transfer plays an important role in development.
This document provides an overview of anti-defection laws in India. It defines defection as a member abandoning loyalty to their political party. Large scale defections after the 1967 elections affected legislative functioning and led to the 52nd amendment adding the 10th schedule on anti-defection. This lays out grounds for disqualification of defecting members of political parties or independents. It discusses related court cases and loopholes regarding splits, mergers and the status of expelled members.
The document discusses key aspects of intellectual property provisions under the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement. It notes that the TPP extends trademark, patent, copyright and trade secret protections beyond existing international standards. Specific provisions outlined include expanded trademark protection for sounds/scents/collective marks, longer patent/data exclusivity terms, strengthened copyright and digital lock provisions, and criminal penalties for trade secret theft. The document also discusses predicted economic impacts of the TPP for different member countries.
The document discusses the registration of trademarks containing words in foreign languages in India. It provides details on the doctrine of foreign equivalents followed by the Indian trademark registry to determine if a foreign trademark can be registered. It examines translations and transliterations of foreign marks and whether they conflict with existing Indian marks or are descriptive. It summarizes some key court cases that addressed disputes over foreign language trademarks and the principles considered, such as whether the meaning of a foreign word would be understood by most Indian consumers.
Accounts payable and receivable introductionsAltacit Global
The document discusses accounts payable and receivable processes. It describes accounts payable as money owed to creditors for goods or services purchased on credit. The accounts payable process involves verifying vendor invoices by matching them to purchase orders and receipts. Accounts receivable is money owed by customers who purchased goods or services on credit. Companies must monitor accounts receivable aging and estimate uncollectible amounts to maintain accurate financial reporting.
This document contains contact information for the Altacit company in various Indian cities - Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, and Hyderabad. It also lists an email address and website.
Violation of duty of disclosure in patentsAltacit Global
The document discusses the "Duty of Disclosure" requirement under the Indian Patents Act for patent applications filed in India. It provides details on the history and interpretation of Section 8 of the Act, which mandates disclosing information on corresponding foreign patent applications. It outlines the time limits and details to be provided, and consequences of non-compliance such as grounds for pre-grant opposition, post-grant opposition, and revocation. It also summarizes two court cases where patents were revoked for violating Section 8 by not submitting information on foreign applications.
The document discusses the process of trademark rectification in India. It explains that rectification allows correcting errors or omissions in trademark registrations. An aggrieved party can file a rectification petition. The registry notifies the registered proprietor and matters proceed through evidence filing and a final hearing. Orders are appealable to the Intellectual Property Appellate Board.
This document discusses parliamentary privilege in India. It provides addresses for Altacit Global offices in Chennai, Bangalore, and Coimbatore. It then discusses that parliamentary privilege refers to the rights and immunities enjoyed by parliament and its members to discharge their functions. This includes freedom of speech in parliament and immunity from legal proceedings for views expressed. It outlines some relevant legal statutes and constitutional provisions regarding parliamentary privilege in India.
Patentability of graphical user interface designsAltacit Global
The document discusses the patentability of graphical user interface (GUI) designs. It provides information on the following:
1) GUIs are the visual aspects of operating systems, programs, apps, etc. and can be protected by design patents, which protect the look and feel of a design.
2) Design patents are narrow in scope and cover only exact or near-exact copies. They protect specific elements, colors, and placements of GUI components.
3) Copyright can protect individual GUI elements and compilations, as long as the elements demonstrate original expression. GUIs can also be protected as audiovisual works.
This document summarizes a legal case filed by Plaintiff M/s. Inphase Power Technologies against former employees who have now started their own competing business. The Plaintiff alleges that the Defendants have infringed on their patent for STATCOM devices and misappropriated trade secrets and confidential information obtained during their employment. The Plaintiff is seeking injunctions and damages. The Defendants deny the allegations and claim their product contains significant differences from the Plaintiff's.
Right to publicity & possible contracutal breachAltacit Global
The document discusses right to publicity and personality rights in India. It provides details on key cases where celebrities have invoked their personality rights, including cases involving Daler Mehndi, Amitabh Bachchan, Sonu Nigam, and Rajinikanth. It also outlines how personality rights have been developed through case law referencing privacy rights under the Constitution and potential contractual breaches when licenses are violated. In conclusion, it argues for a statute to formally protect publicity rights in India.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821 • The Cinematograph Act of 1952 provides for the certification of films for public exhibition in India and regulates exhibitions through cinematography.
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400 • A Board of Film Certification examines films and grants certificates like U (unrestricted public exhibition), UA (unrestricted public exhibition with endorsements), A (for adults only), or S (for special classes).
COIMBATORE
BB1, Park Avenue,
Role of sebi in market management and corporate governanceAltacit Global
The document discusses the role of the Securities Exchange Board of India (SEBI) in regulating the capital markets and corporate governance in India. It provides details on SEBI's objectives to protect investors, regulate intermediaries and ensure fair practices in the market. SEBI functions through departments and advisory committees to achieve its goals of regulatory oversight, transparency and investor protection. It oversees stock exchanges, licenses brokers and monitors mergers and acquisitions. SEBI aims to create an efficient market that facilitates business needs while preventing fraud and promoting good governance.
This document summarizes a plagiarism case involving the Bollywood film Mohenjo-Daro. A director named Akashadithya Lama claimed the film's director Ashutosh Gowariker plagiarized his script. Lama filed multiple lawsuits but was unable to prove his script was disclosed to Gowariker or provide sufficient evidence of similarities between his work and the film. Lama ultimately lost the case and was fined for wasting the court's time.
This document provides information about domestic violence in India, including:
- Domestic violence is endemic and widespread in India, predominantly against women. Around 70% of women experience domestic violence.
- National Crime Records Bureau statistics show a crime against a woman occurs every 3 minutes in India.
- The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act of 2005 provides legal remedies and protections for victims of domestic abuse.
This document provides an overview of the key provisions related to One Person Companies (OPCs) under the Indian Companies Act, 2013. It outlines who can incorporate an OPC, the application process, requirements to appoint a nominee, restrictions, provisions around directors and meetings, financial reporting requirements, and contracts between an OPC and its sole member. Specifically, it notes an OPC can only have one member who must be an Indian citizen, a nominee must be appointed, no person can incorporate or be a nominee of more than one OPC, and resolutions can be passed and meetings conducted by the sole member or director.
This document provides contact information for three offices of Altacit, an organization located in Chennai, Bangalore, and Coimbatore, India. It lists the addresses, phone numbers, email, and website for each office location.
The document discusses anticipatory bail under Indian law. It provides details on:
- What anticipatory bail is and the section that empowers courts to grant it (Section 438)
- The courts that have jurisdiction to grant anticipatory bail - High Courts and Courts of Session
- The factors courts consider when deciding anticipatory bail applications
- Conditions courts can impose when granting anticipatory bail
- When a person can apply for anticipatory bail and the wide discretion courts have in deciding applications
The document discusses hate speech laws in India. It provides addresses and contact information for three offices located in Chennai, Bangalore, and Coimbatore. It then examines how hate speech laws have been influenced by concerns over caste-based discrimination and religious conflict. It outlines key instances of hate speech during elections and other time periods, and discusses laws prohibiting hate speech under the Indian Penal Code. A survey found that 85% of people see inter-religious hate speech as a serious problem in India. The Supreme Court has asked the Law Commission to examine the issue of hate speeches made by politicians.
This document provides a summary of abnormalities and issues across various packaging line equipment at a bottling plant. It lists equipment abnormalities for blow molding, filling, and conveyors, along with the operator assigned to resolve each issue and a suggested priority level. Key issues include mold and preform equipment damage requiring replacement, sensor and valve malfunctions, lubrication and filtration problems, and conveyor mechanical issues. The document aims to track and prioritize resolving abnormalities across the packaging line.
The document provides viewership data for Pakistani TV channels for April 2012. It summarizes that:
- Daily average viewing time dipped 8% for C&S audience and 11% for non-C&S audience compared to the previous month.
- For entertainment channels, Ary Digital and TV One gained share while Hum, Geo Ent and Express Ent lost share. For news channels, Ary News gained the most while Aaj TV and Geo News lost share.
- 8XM led the music channels but lost share. For regional channels, Apna Channel lost share while Apna News gained. For food channels, Masala maintained the highest viewership.
The document analyzes reach data
Times Now is a 24-hour English news channel based in Mumbai. It was launched in 2006 as a joint venture between Times Group and Reuters. Arnab Goswami is the Editor-in-Chief. Times Now maintains its position as India's number 1 English news channel and has consistently achieved higher viewership than competitors such as NDTV 24x7 and CNN-IBN. The channel is known for its live coverage of breaking news stories and analysis.
The document provides an overview of Times of India (TOI) and its printing process. It discusses TOI's company profile, products, design process, plant layout, and quality policy. Key details include that TOI is owned by Bennett Coleman & Co Ltd and has the largest circulation of any English newspaper globally. It uses a line layout for production and has installed several QuadTech printing machines with a daily capacity of 1.2 million newspapers. Quality is ensured through regular inspections and adherence to ISO 9001 standards.
The document provides information about the internship experience of working at The Times of India (TOI) newspaper. It describes the various departments at TOI including Editorial, Production, Finance, Human Resources, and Response (advertising). The intern gained experience covering events, meeting department heads, and learning about the newspaper industry through presentations and site visits during the internship at TOI.
This document discusses different modes that companies can use to enter international business, including exporting, licensing, franchising, foreign direct investment, and strategic alliances. It describes the key features and differences between indirect exporting, direct exporting, intra-corporate transfers, licensing, franchising, contract manufacturing, management contracts, turnkey projects, greenfield investment, mergers and acquisitions, and joint ventures. It also provides the advantages and disadvantages of each entry mode.
This document provides an overview of defamation laws in India. It outlines what constitutes defamation according to Indian law, the basic elements needed for a defamation case, exceptions, and differences between civil and criminal defamation. Specifically, it notes that defamation involves imputations that harm someone's reputation, the person must be identified, and the statement must be published. Defenses include statements that are truthful or opinions on public figures. Defamation can result in civil lawsuits seeking damages or criminal charges with possible imprisonment.
This document provides contact information for various offices of a law firm called Altacit located in Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, Hyderabad, and Cochin. It then provides information on succession law in India, including an overview of the Indian Succession Act of 1925, testamentary versus intestate succession, applicability to communities, definitions of a will, essential features of a will, persons competent to make a will, the role and appointment of executors, execution of a will including the probate process, and related topics.
This document discusses the use of color as a pharmaceutical trade dress. It begins by explaining what trade dress is and how color coding originated in the pharmaceutical industry to reduce medical errors. It then discusses legal cases around protecting color trademarks, noting courts have been reluctant to grant single color trademarks. Overall, the document examines the history and challenges of using color as a distinguishing feature for pharmaceutical packaging and labeling.
This document provides an overview of anti-defection laws in India. It begins with definitions of defection and a brief history of why these laws were implemented. It describes the key aspects of the 10th Schedule added to the Constitution through the 52nd Amendment to define the disqualification process for defecting members. It outlines some loopholes related to party splits and mergers. Finally, it summarizes some important court cases related to interpreting aspects of the anti-defection laws.
This document provides contact information for the company Altacit, including addresses and phone numbers for their offices in Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, and Hyderabad. It also lists their email and website. The document references "The Café Madras Case" but does not provide any additional context about the case.
Savelife foundation and; anr vs union of india and anrAltacit Global
This document summarizes a public interest litigation filed in the Supreme Court of India in 2012 by SaveLIFE Foundation seeking protective guidelines for Good Samaritans or bystanders who assist victims of road accidents. SaveLIFE Foundation conducted a study finding that most Indians hesitate to help accident victims due to fears of legal hassles. The Supreme Court established a committee whose recommendations led to the notification of Good Samaritan guidelines by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways in 2015, providing legal protection to those who assist accident victims.
The document discusses the issue of sexual harassment during work from home arrangements brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. It notes that while employees are physically at home, they are still considered to be in the workplace as per law. Virtual forms of harassment can include inappropriate clothing or behavior during video calls, sending unwanted pictures, or demanding late night calls from female employees. Maintaining professional standards of conduct and being sensitive to how actions could make others uncomfortable are important to prevent virtual harassment during the pandemic.
Envelops, labels and mail merge in ms wordAltacit Global
This document discusses how to create envelopes, labels, and mail merge in Microsoft Word. It provides instructions on using the Mailings tab to create envelopes and labels, including how to enter delivery/return addresses and select formatting options. For mail merge, it describes using the Mail Merge wizard to insert recipient fields into a form letter from a database and generate customized letters for each contact.
This document provides contact information for various Altacit offices located in Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, Hyderabad, and Cochin. It then discusses cyber crimes and cyber security in India. It defines cyber crime and outlines various types of cyber crimes such as hacking, identity theft, software piracy, cyber stalking, hate speech online, fraud and financial crimes, phishing, and cyber terrorism. It also discusses legal protections in India, including the Information Technology Act of 2000 and its amendment, which aims to deal with issues related to electronic documents, digital signatures, offenses, and justice systems for cyber crimes.
This document provides information about class action lawsuits, including:
- A definition of class action lawsuits and examples of common cases.
- Characteristics like numerosity, common questions of law/fact, and adequacy of representation.
- Advantages like efficiency, lower costs, opportunity to litigate smaller claims.
- Context for class actions in India under Order 1 Rule 8 of CPC and section 245 of Companies Act 2013.
- How judgements are applied to all class members.
- Arnab Goswami, former editor of Times Now, frequently used the catchphrase "Nation wants to know" on his show. Both Goswami and Bennett Coleman & Co. (owners of Times Now) have applied to trademark the phrase.
- A legal battle has ensued over who has the right to trademark the phrase and whether it is distinctive enough to one party to be trademarked. Both sides are arguing over who popularized the phrase and who consumers most associate it with.
- The case involves issues around trademark law, personality rights, and whether a commonly used phrase can be trademarked. The outcome could determine who can use the phrase without risk of legal issues.
This document contains contact information for various Altacit offices in India and introduces the topic of e-commerce consumers (e-consumers) and associated challenges. It provides definitions of e-commerce and e-consumers, describes the nature of e-commerce transactions and issues with validity of e-contracts. It outlines some key challenges faced by e-consumers like lack of consumer protection laws, infrastructure problems, and privacy/security issues. Finally it mentions some international and Indian legislations and organizations related to consumer protection and proposes solutions for consumers.
Legal action agaisnt credit card defaultersAltacit Global
The document discusses legal action that is permissible against credit card payment defaulters in India. It provides addresses and contact information for the Altacit Global law firm in Chennai, Bangalore, and Coimbatore. It then summarizes Indian laws regarding credit cards, debt collection, and the difference between civil and criminal cases for non-payment of credit card dues. Guidelines from the Reserve Bank of India on credit card terms and debt collection are also discussed. Recent high court judgments that prevent criminal cases from being filed in civil disputes like credit card debt are summarized.
Proofing, comments and protect document in ms wordAltacit Global
The document describes the features available under the Proofing tab in Microsoft Word 2007, including spelling and grammar checking, research tools, thesaurus, translation, comments, and options to protect documents from unauthorized editing. Key features covered are spelling and grammar checking, using research sites, finding synonyms with the thesaurus, translation to other languages, adding and navigating comments, and limiting document formatting when protection is enabled.
This document discusses the trademarking of hashtags. It provides background on what a hashtag is and how it is used in social media. It then discusses some key points around trademarking hashtags, including that hashtags alone are not patentable or copyrightable but can be trademarked. It outlines the USPTO's definition of hashtag marks and conditions for trademarkability.
This document provides information about the company Altacit, including their office addresses and contact details in Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, and Hyderabad. It also lists their email and website. The document was authored by Anju Srinivasan.
Requirements for operation of civil remotely piloted aircraft systemAltacit Global
The document summarizes India's new Drone Regulation policy released by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) in August 2018. Some key points:
- The policy provides requirements for operating civil remotely piloted aircraft (drones), including obtaining operator permits and unique identification numbers.
- It establishes eligibility criteria for drone pilots, categories of drones based on weight, and restricted "red" and regulated "yellow" zones for drone flights.
- Violations can result in penalties like permit cancellations or legal action under the Indian Penal Code, with imprisonment and fines outlined in the Aircraft Act of 1934.
The regulation aims to legalize and standardize drone usage in India for the first time
This document provides information about exit interviews conducted by the company Altacit, which has offices in multiple Indian cities. It defines what an exit interview is, discusses reasons to conduct them, different methods for exit interviews, and how Altacit currently conducts exit interviews and could improve the process. It also introduces an alternative approach called a "stay interview".
This document contains contact information for the company Altacit in various cities across India, including Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, and Hyderabad. It also lists an email address and website. The document then provides information on IP valuation and IP audits, including definitions of key terms, factors that influence IP value, common uses of IP valuation, and benefits of conducting IP valuations.
This document contains contact information for various Altacit office locations in India, including addresses, phone numbers, and emails. It also includes brief summaries of topics related to international copyright treaties such as the WIPO Copyright Treaty (WCT), Berne Convention, 3-step test, flexibilities under copyright, and India's accession to the WCT and WPPT.
The document outlines key details from the draft Unmanned Aircraft System Rules, 2020 released by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) of India. Some of the major points covered in the draft rules include requiring prior authorization for manufacturing, importing, owning and operating drones; eligibility conditions for authorization; insurance requirements; rules around carrying payloads and restrictions on photography; and the framework for establishing drone ports and corridors. The document also discusses definitions related to unmanned aircraft systems and drones, categories of drones based on weight, and potential future areas where drones may be used such as for BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line of Sight) operations and delivery of goods.
Information technology guidelines for intermediaries and digital media ethics...Altacit Global
The document provides an overview of the Information Technology (Intermediary Guidelines and Digital Media Ethics Code) Rules, 2021 notified in India.
The key points are:
1. The Rules regulate intermediaries, social media intermediaries, publishers of news/current affairs content, and online curated content publishers.
2. For intermediaries, the Rules prescribe due diligence requirements around user notifications, content takedowns, grievance redressal etc.
3. Significant social media intermediaries must comply with additional obligations regarding local presence, identification of originators, monthly compliance reports etc.
Returns and refunds consumer protection actAltacit Global
This document provides information on the Consumer Protection Act 2019 in India including key definitions, rights of consumers, refund and cancellation policies, and product liability. It discusses that the Act aims to protect consumer interests and provide effective resolution of disputes. Some key points covered include definitions of consumer and consumer rights, time limits for returns, no-cost returns, and provisions for product manufacturer liability for defects. Contact information is also provided for multiple locations of the company.
This document discusses the rights of the unborn child under various statutes in India. It summarizes key provisions from several acts and codes:
- The Limitation Act 1953 considers an unborn child as a minor for the purposes of filing legal claims.
- The Indian Succession Act 1925 defines a minor as under 18, implying an unborn child is also considered a minor.
- The Indian Penal Code 1860 criminalizes causing miscarriage or death of an unborn child in certain situations.
- The Hindu Succession Act 1956 grants an unborn child equal inheritance rights as a born child for intestate succession.
The document analyzes how different laws in India implicitly or explicitly recognize various rights
This document provides contact information for various offices of Altacit, an organization based in India. It then discusses the grounds for divorce under Hindu marriage law in India. The key grounds covered are adultery, cruelty, desertion, conversion, insanity, renunciation, and presumption of death. Examples are provided for what constitutes each ground. It is noted that leprosy and venereal diseases were removed as grounds in 2015 at the suggestion of the UN.
This document provides information about alimony laws in India. It defines alimony as the right to receive maintenance after divorce. The main purposes of alimony are to prevent unfair financial impacts of divorce and allow a spouse to maintain their standard of living. The two types of alimony are interim and permanent. When determining alimony amounts, courts consider factors like earnings, marriage length, misconduct, and standard of living. Alimony is governed by different laws for Hindus, Muslims and other religions.
This document discusses different types of patent licensing. It defines patent licensing as granting permission to a third party to use, sell, and benefit from a patented invention in exchange for royalty payments. There are several types of patent licenses: exclusive licenses grant all rights except title to one licensee; non-exclusive licenses allow a patent owner to grant rights to multiple parties; sub-licenses are granted by licensees to third parties; and cross-licenses allow an exchange of licenses between companies. The document also discusses advantages like risk transfer and access to global markets, as well as challenges like loss of control and difficulty finding licensees.
This document summarizes surrogacy laws in India. It begins by defining surrogacy and explaining the different types, including traditional vs gestational and altruistic vs commercial. It then discusses the history and origins of surrogacy and assisted reproductive technology. The document analyzes India's Assisted Reproductive Technology Regulation Bill of 2010 and 2016, highlighting relevant sections that regulate surrogacy clinics, create oversight boards, ban commercial surrogacy, and penalize violations. Both the pros and cons of the bills are discussed. While banning commercial surrogacy aims to reduce exploitation, it also limits an industry that boosts India's economy. The conclusion acknowledges this is a start but flaws need addressing before the bill becomes law.
This document provides information about IRS Form W-9, including how it is used, how to complete it, acceptable filing methods, and its role in the tax filing process for independent contractors and self-employed individuals. Form W-9 is used by businesses to request taxpayer identification information from contractors to file 1099-MISC tax forms. It can be completed on paper or electronically, and helps payees avoid backup withholding by certifying they are not subject to it. Completing a W-9 is the first step for self-employed workers to have their tax returns filed.
Tamilnadu regulation of rights and responsibilities of landlords and tenants ...Altacit Global
The document discusses the key aspects of the Tamil Nadu Regulation of Rights and
Responsibilities of Landlords and Tenants Act 2017, which was enacted to regulate rental
housing in the state. Some key points include:
- It mandates all tenancy agreements to be in writing and registered with the Rent Authority.
- It applies to existing tenancies which must be registered within 90 days.
- It aims to facilitate landlords and tenants and provide affordable housing for all, given Tamil
Nadu's high rate of urbanization and rental housing.
Rights of employees under insolvent companiesAltacit Global
This document provides contact details for various offices of a company called Altacit located across different cities in India. It also provides the company's email address and website. The subsequent paragraphs discuss provisions of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 (IBC) related to the rights of employees under the code. It defines key terms like financial creditor, operational creditor, financial debt and operational debt. It explains that employees are considered operational creditors under IBC and unpaid salaries would be treated as operational debt. It discusses the process for initiation of Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process by an operational creditor as provided in the code.
The document discusses the doctrine of originality in copyright. It provides details on the tests used to determine if a work is original and eligible for copyright protection including the sweat of the brow test, modicum of creativity test, and skill and judgement test. It also outlines the requirements for originality which include independent creation by the author with a minimal level of creativity. Indian law focuses on whether the author exercised skill and judgement in creating the work.
This document outlines the process for restoring a lapsed patent in India. It discusses how a patent owner can file an application for restoration within 18 months of the patent lapsing due to non-payment of renewal fees. The application must show the failure to pay was unintentional and there has been no undue delay. It describes the publication, opposition, and hearing process and notes restored patents include provisions to protect intervening users.
This document discusses celebrity rights in India. It begins with an introduction to celebrity rights as a significant development in intellectual property law that allows celebrities to benefit financially from their public image and prevent unauthorized commercial use. It then outlines the different types of celebrity rights, including personality rights, privacy rights, and publicity/merchandising rights. Key cases related to celebrity rights in India are also summarized. The document concludes by stating the need for specific celebrity rights legislation in India to protect celebrities while also respecting privacy and fundamental rights.
The Technology Development Board (TDB) of India was established in 1996 to promote development and commercialization of indigenous technology. It provides financial assistance in the form of equity, loans, and grants to industrial companies and research institutions. TDB aims to support innovative projects, foster partnerships between industry and research organizations, and help create new jobs through technological development. It receives funds from government grants and recoveries and operates with the goal of making India a global leader in technology and innovation.
This document discusses the Motor Vehicles Act 1988 and motor accident claims in India. It summarizes key aspects such as the creation of Motor Accidents Claims Tribunals to provide faster compensation, the entitlement to claim compensation for injury or death from motor accidents, and the use of mediation and Lok Adalats as alternative dispute resolution methods to help address the large backlog of pending motor accident claim cases in India. It also summarizes the key details and outcome of the Supreme Court case M.R. Krishna Murti v. The New India Insurance Civil Appeal Nos. 2476-2477 of 2019, which envisaged the creation of a Motor Accident Mediation Authority under the National Legal Services Authority to
Sebi (prohibition of insider trading) regulations, 2015Altacit Global
This document contains contact details for various offices of a company located in Chennai, Bangalore, Coimbatore, Hyderabad, and Cochin. It also contains a brief summary of key aspects of insider trading regulations in India such as the definition of an insider, connected person, unpublished price sensitive information, what constitutes trading, the role of compliance officer in monitoring insider trading, and the concept of trading plans.
The document discusses the legality of cryptocurrency in India. It provides an overview of cryptocurrency and important ones like Bitcoin. It outlines the Indian government's stance, including a past ban on cryptocurrency trading by the Reserve Bank of India. The legality of cryptocurrency in India remains unclear as the government works to establish a legal framework, but some existing laws around payments and securities may apply.
This document provides information about the Hague Apostille Convention, including its purpose and members. The key points are:
1. The Hague Apostille Convention established a standardized process for authenticating public documents between its 116 member countries by replacing complex legalization requirements with a standardized apostille certificate.
2. An apostille is issued by a competent authority certifying that the signature, seal, capacity and integrity of the documents, allowing for documents to be accepted as originals in other member countries.
3. India has been a member of the convention since 2005, allowing Indian public documents like birth/marriage certificates and educational degrees to be accepted abroad when accompanied by an apostille.
E waste management and handling rules, 2011Altacit Global
This document provides information on the E-Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011 in India. It summarizes key aspects of the rules including definitions of electronic waste, hazardous components in e-waste, and producer responsibilities under the rules. Specifically, it states that the rules make producers responsible for recycling and reducing e-waste, require consumer awareness programs, and mandate record keeping and reporting for producers, collection centers, and dismantlers/recyclers.
Sangyun Lee, 'Why Korea's Merger Control Occasionally Fails: A Public Choice ...Sangyun Lee
Presentation slides for a session held on June 4, 2024, at Kyoto University. This presentation is based on the presenter’s recent paper, coauthored with Hwang Lee, Professor, Korea University, with the same title, published in the Journal of Business Administration & Law, Volume 34, No. 2 (April 2024). The paper, written in Korean, is available at <https://shorturl.at/GCWcI>.
Guide on the use of Artificial Intelligence-based tools by lawyers and law fi...Massimo Talia
This guide aims to provide information on how lawyers will be able to use the opportunities provided by AI tools and how such tools could help the business processes of small firms. Its objective is to provide lawyers with some background to understand what they can and cannot realistically expect from these products. This guide aims to give a reference point for small law practices in the EU
against which they can evaluate those classes of AI applications that are probably the most relevant for them.
What are the common challenges faced by women lawyers working in the legal pr...lawyersonia
The legal profession, which has historically been male-dominated, has experienced a significant increase in the number of women entering the field over the past few decades. Despite this progress, women lawyers continue to encounter various challenges as they strive for top positions.
Business law for the students of undergraduate level. The presentation contains the summary of all the chapters under the syllabus of State University, Contract Act, Sale of Goods Act, Negotiable Instrument Act, Partnership Act, Limited Liability Act, Consumer Protection Act.
Receivership and liquidation Accounts
Being a Paper Presented at Business Recovery and Insolvency Practitioners Association of Nigeria (BRIPAN) on Friday, August 18, 2023.
The Future of Criminal Defense Lawyer in India.pdfveteranlegal
https://veteranlegal.in/defense-lawyer-in-india/ | Criminal defense Lawyer in India has always been a vital aspect of the country's legal system. As defenders of justice, criminal Defense Lawyer play a critical role in ensuring that individuals accused of crimes receive a fair trial and that their constitutional rights are protected. As India evolves socially, economically, and technologically, the role and future of criminal Defense Lawyer are also undergoing significant changes. This comprehensive blog explores the current landscape, challenges, technological advancements, and prospects for criminal Defense Lawyer in India.
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentationseri bangash
"Lifting the Corporate Veil" is a legal concept that refers to the judicial act of disregarding the separate legal personality of a corporation or limited liability company (LLC). Normally, a corporation is considered a legal entity separate from its shareholders or members, meaning that the personal assets of shareholders or members are protected from the liabilities of the corporation. However, there are certain situations where courts may decide to "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil, holding shareholders or members personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation.
Here are some common scenarios in which courts might lift the corporate veil:
Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
Failure to Observe Corporate Formalities: Corporations and LLCs are required to observe certain formalities, such as holding regular meetings, maintaining separate financial records, and avoiding commingling of personal and corporate assets. If these formalities are not observed and the corporate structure is used as a mere façade, courts may disregard the corporate entity.
Alter Ego: If there is such a unity of interest and ownership between the corporation and its shareholders or members that the separate personalities of the corporation and the individuals no longer exist, courts may treat the corporation as the alter ego of its owners and hold them personally liable.
Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने यह भी माना था कि मजिस्ट्रेट का यह कर्तव्य है कि वह सुनिश्चित करे कि अधिकारी पीएमएलए के तहत निर्धारित प्रक्रिया के साथ-साथ संवैधानिक सुरक्षा उपायों का भी उचित रूप से पालन करें।
This document briefly explains the June compliance calendar 2024 with income tax returns, PF, ESI, and important due dates, forms to be filled out, periods, and who should file them?.
Matthew Professional CV experienced Government LiaisonMattGardner52
As an experienced Government Liaison, I have demonstrated expertise in Corporate Governance. My skill set includes senior-level management in Contract Management, Legal Support, and Diplomatic Relations. I have also gained proficiency as a Corporate Liaison, utilizing my strong background in accounting, finance, and legal, with a Bachelor's degree (B.A.) from California State University. My Administrative Skills further strengthen my ability to contribute to the growth and success of any organization.
San Remo Manual on International Law Applicable to Armed Conflict at Sea
Times now case
1. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
TIMES NOW
CASE
Anju Srinivasan
2. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Parties to the case
Mr. Parshuram Babaram Sawant …Plaintiff
vs
Times Global Broadcasting Co.Ltd. …Defendant 1
Mr. Arnab Goswami
(Editor-in-Chief) …Defendant 2
3. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
coNcePt oF DeFaMatioN
Of the many great sins committed by the media in
recent years, flashing the wrong judge's photo for
15 seconds on air is a misdemeanor at best.
Defamation refers to the making of false,
derogatory statement(s) in private or public about
a person's business practices, character, financial
status, morals, or reputation. Oral defamation is
a slander whereas printed or published defamation
is a libel. The defamed person must prove that the
defamation was communicated to someone other
than him or her.
4. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
Section 499 of the Indian Penal Code explains
Defamation as “Whoever, by words either spoken or
intended to be read, or by signs or by visible
representations, makes or publishes any imputation
concerning any person intending to harm, or knowing
or having reason to believe that such imputation will
harm, the reputation of such person, is said, except in
the cases hereinafter expected, to defame that
person.”
5. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
PUNishMeNt
In India, defamation is an offence punishable under
section 500 of the IPC with imprisonment for a
period of 2 years and/ or fine. While in many
countries defamation is just a civil matter, India still
retains the criminal provisions. Unless the defendant
is able to prove that his actions fall under one of the
10 exceptions provided in Section 499 of IPC, he
goes behind the bars.
6. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
the case
On 10 September 2008, Times Now aired Justice
Sawant's photo as part of its story on the provident
fund scam, confusing him with Calcutta high court
judge P.K. Samantha. Justice Sawant through his
secretary Mr. Kamath conveyed this mistake to
channel on the same day. But there was no
rectification or clarification. Justice Sawant then
addressed a letter to the channel on 15th
September, exhorting it to rectify its mistake. Times
Now received the letter on 18th September. Again
there was no rectification or apology. The channel
finally ran an apology on 23rd September, exactly 13
days after committing the mistake and five days
after receiving Justice Sawant’s letter.
7. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
the case
The grudging and belated response infuriated the
judge who threatened a lawsuit. At the same time,
the editor-in chief of The times Now, Mister Arnab
Goswami requested a meeting with Justice Sawant
to soothe ruffled feathers, but failed to show up. He
instead sent a letter, two days before the appointed
date, claiming he had to undergo a surgery. But
much to Sawant's fury, Goswami continued to
anchor his daily show as usual, seemingly
unimpaired by said medical procedure. This incited
the Judge to go ahead with the Law suit.
8. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
the case
The note of apology issued by Times Now read as
follows:
“We are extremely apologetic to Justice Sawant for
the mistake and any personal damage done to his
reputation because of the inadvertent error of
running his picture instead of another judge.“
Times Now’s expression of regret for 5 days in the
scroll news apparently did not satisfy Justice Sawant
who took the matter to court.
9. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
eXteNt OF DeFaMatION
Defamation in simple parlance, is a statement that
hurt’s someone’s reputation. There is always a
delicate balance between one person’s right to
freedom of speech and another person’s right to
protect their good name. While there is a case for
decriminalizing defamation and codifying the civil law
relating to it, it is imperative to strike a right balance
between ensuring freedom of speech to media and
offering sufficient, meaningful protection to the likely
victims of defamation. Otherwise it could result in
miscarriage of justice to the victim.
10. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
the RULING
The matter was taken up before the Pune District
Court. The judge recorded that:
“The said flashing of photograph created false
impression amongst all viewers in India and abroad
that the plaintiff was involved in PF scam, which is
per se highly defamatory”
She then goes on to record the fact that the
defendants did not take corrective or remedial
measures on their own but that, in response to a
letter from the plaintiff it tendered an apology and
said that the error was unintentional.
continued..
11. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
The defendants advanced the bold contention that
they had not defamed the plaintiff, relying on the
fact that the photograph was only shown for a short
duration. The evidence was that the photograph was
displayed because the wrong photograph was
retrieved from a database to illustrate a breaking
news story .
Quoting from the Bhagwad Gita, the court relied on
the statement that “A person’s reputation is at
common law an absolute personal right and a
defamation is actionable without proof of damage.”
12. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
DAMAGES
The court held that the broadcast to millions of
viewers of a photograph identifying the plaintiff as
being involved in a scam even for a short period was
plainly defamatory. The photograph had a very
substantial circulation. Times Now was directed to
pay 100 crores to Justice Sawant by way of damages
to Justice Sawant for the tortuous acts, omissions
and commissions.
13. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
AppEAl
Subsequently , this matter was appealed before the
Bombay High court, which directed Times Now to
deposit Rs 100 crores by way of Rs 20 crores in cash
and the rest as bank guarantee, as a pre condition for
hearing the appeal.
The matter was taken further on appeal before the
Supreme Court which directed Times Now TV
channel to furnish damages, finding no error in the
High court’s interim order.
14. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
TRYST BETWEEN THE MEDIA AND
JUDICIARY
Defamation cases against media are nothing new. In
fact it is an occupational hazard. The most convincing
argument against the freedom of press in this country
is the press itself. With great power, comes great
responsibility. The growing transparency in court
proceedings has led to not only tremendous public
support for the victim’s plight but also to public outcry
for immediate justice to be served. Thanks to the
broadcast of panel discussions and public polls on
news channels, the masses are aware of both sides of
the coin and are prepared to side with the side that’s
right.
15. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
The print media too, with its various opinion
columns, tabloid journalism and interviews with
outspoken activists, has made it impossible for the
judiciary to ignore the views of the common man
when deciding upon a case. As if the television and
print media weren’t enough, social media too has
recently joined the furor for justice.
16. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
CONCLUSION
The most powerful players in the media market
exhibit a cavalier arrogance and disregard for public
interest when exercising the limited freedom they
possess. Although there are aspects of the judge’s
reasoning that could be criticized, her exposition of
the damages principles is unimpeachable. The Judge
gives no explanation as to how she arrives at the
figure of Rs 100 crores as damages. There is no
rational basis for the Judge’s award of compensatory
damages in this case.
continued..
17. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
CONCLUSION
The defamation law in India needs to be brought in
line with modern standards, where proportionate
awards are made to reflect the damage actually
suffered by the plaintiff. If this does not happen then
serious international harm will be done to the
reputation of the Indian legal system.
18. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
THANK YOU
19. CHENNAI
3rd Floor, ‘Creative Enclave’,
148-150, Luz Church Road,
Mylapore,
Chennai - 600 004.
Tel: +91 - 44 - 2498 4821
BANGALORE
Suite 920, Level 9,
Raheja Towers,
26-27, M G Road,
Bangalore - 560 001.
Tel: +91 - 80 - 6546 2400
COIMBATORE
#1533, Trichy Road,
Coimbatore – 641018.
Tel: +91 - 422 - 6552921
HYDERABAD
Suite 132 & 133,
Level 1, Midtown,
Road No 1, Banjara Hills,
Hyderabad - 500034.
Tel: +91 - 40 - 6050 6009
EMAIL
info@altacit.com
WEBSITE
www.altacit.com
DISCLAIMER
Any copyrighted material in this presentation is
used in fair use for the purpose of study, review or
critical analysis only, and will be removed at the
request of the copyright owner(s).