Rough Trade opened in 1976 in London as an independent record shop and label founded by Geoff Travis. In the late 1970s and early 1980s, Rough Trade achieved success distributing and producing records for pioneering punk and new wave artists. However, financial difficulties led to cutbacks in the early 1980s. Rough Trade signed The Smiths in 1983 but the band left for EMI after three albums. Rough Trade ceased trading in 1991 but was revived in the 1990s, introducing successful artists like Pulp and The Strokes.