This document discusses different types of tourism, including social tourism which provides subsidized holidays, educational tourism involving student exchanges and language classes, and cultural tourism focused on heritage sites, festivals, and local cuisine. It also describes scenic tourism which views natural landscapes, hedonistic tourism centered around pleasure, and activity tourism incorporating sports. Backpacker tourism, day-tripping, long snowbird trips taken by retirees, and short breaks are additional forms examined in the brief overview.

1. Different Types of
Tourism
(Part II)

2. SOCIAL TOURISM
• In general, holiday market is a commercial
market...meaning…consumers have to pay full
price for their vacation.
• However, in a number of countries, tourism and
holiday-taking is also encompassed within the
realms of welfare policy.
• Meaning, holidays are subsidized by government or
voluntary sector agencies.
• Cheques-Vacances use to exchange with
tourism service.
• Social tourism holiday villages

3. SOCIAL TOURISM
• In recent year, social tourism also try to provide a
better service for groups in society who have been
ignored or discriminate against.
1) Disability consumers: mobility problems,
impaired sight or hearing difficulties.
2) Single-parent families: when there is a
stipulation of family meaning two adults and
children.
• Encouraging ‘ethic minority’ to participate in
tourism market.

4. EDUCATIONAL
TOURISM
• Start from Greek & Roman elites travelled to
increase their understanding of the world.
• In recent decades, educational tourism represents
in form of….
1. Student Exchanges: people travel to other
countries to study and learn more about the
culture and language of other people.
2. Young People attending language classes in a
foreign country
3. Special Interest holidays: people’s main
motivation for taking trip is to learn something
new.
E.g. cookery classes, language classes
• This market is strong among ‘retired
people’=‘empty-nesters’

5. CULTURAL TOURISM
• Visits to heritage attractions, destinations,
and attendance at traditional festivals.
• A desire to sample national, regional or
local food and wine
• Sporting events
• Visiting farms or craft center

6. SCENIC TOURISM
• To view spectacular natural scenery
• Influence by the Romantic Movement in the Arts.
• Scenic tourism grew dramatically in the last
century in both Europe, particularly in the Alps,
and in USA.
• Mountains, water-related scenery, lake,
coastal scenery

7. HEDONISTIC
TOURISM
• Motivated by a desire for sensual pleasure
• The classic four ‘S’s’ of
• sea
• sand
• sun
• sex.
• Negative impact to both tourists and host
community.
• E.g. Pattaya, Thailand

8. ACTIVITY TOURISM
• Growing concerns such as health and fitness
• Using modes of transport to tour areas which
require effort on the part of the tourist, such as
walking, cycling and riding.
• Participating in land based sports such as golf
and tennis
• Taking part in water-based activities such as
diving and wind-surfing.

9. SPECIAL INTEREST
TOURISM
• A niche market acting like activity-
tourism, but differs in that it involves
little or no physical exertion
– Painting
– Gastronomy: cooking and enjoying
gourmet meals
– Music festival

10. SPECIAL INTEREST
TOURISM
• A niche market acting like activity-
tourism, but differs in that it involves
little or no physical exertion
– Painting
– Gastronomy: cooking and
enjoying gourmet meals
– Music festival

11. THE BACKPACKER
• Backpacker: tourists who use a rucksack or
backpack for their trip
• They tend to…
• Being independent rather than packaged
travel
• Desire to keep expenditure to a minimum
• Try to get off the beaten tourists track
• Extend the trip beyond the usual duration
of one or two weeks of a normal holiday.
• ‘Inter-railer’ : backpackers who travel across by
rail
• Most backpackers are usually students who have
long vacations

12. THE BACKPACKER
• Can be people taking a year out before begin their colleges or
after college graduation
• Popular among young people from developed countries, e.g. US,
UK, Netherlands, Germany, Australia, and Japan
• Backpacker is an early example of global tourist - - as they share
similar behavior (stay in the same accommodation and visit the
same attraction )regardess of their nationality - partly due to
backpackers share the same source of travel media, e.g. travel
guide suchas ‘ Lonely Planet’
• Future :
• Likely to grow more due to growing number of
students around the world
• However, Unlikely to become popular with other
groups because most people in employment have
limited paid holiday
• Could be another option for early retired people who
want to be more adventurous

13. EXCURSIONISTS AND
DAY-TRIPPER
• Excursionist is generally a domestic tourist and is
the core market for visitor attractions, many
seaside resorts and some rural areas
• Does not travel too far as they only have one day or
less available
• Involving with less planning for trip
• Car-based market
• Excursionist can also be in terms of international
• E.g. Malaysians shop in Singapore, Swiss
people shop in Milan
• Excursionists or day- trippers are also major
consumers of food and drink services so as
considerable use of leisure shopping facilities

14. THE SNOWBIRD
MARKET
• 2 characteristics of snowbird tourists
1) The trip are of long duration, from four
weeks to four months
2) They are normally taken by ‘retired people’
• The motivation of taking snowbird trip are…
• To escape the cold weather in their own
country
• To reduce their expenditure on heating at
home
• To improve their health that they may suffer
from cold
• To make new friends and have a less lonely
life

15. THE SHORT-BREAK
TOURISM
• Emerge because of ….
• the growth of the five-day week
with a full two-day weekend
• Increase of car ownership/ faster
aircraft
• E.g. romantic weekend for a couple
to Rome and Paris, shopping trip to
Hong Kong, Paris, VFR trips, health
spa breaks, special interest trips,
etc.,

16. ETHNIC MINORITY
TOURISTS
• They are ethnic communities staying within a particular
country
• May have been in the country for generations & often
maintain contact with their original country
• Have their own patterns of tourism and tourism
infrastructure
• In many developed countries, few people from this group
are regular purchasers for the mainstream tourism
Industry - - due to lack of disposable income
• Future:
• Growing in numbers of this group in various
countries & they are becoming more integrated
and gain greater economic power , therefore, we
shall see rise in numbers of them joining the
mainstream market in the near future