This document is Operational Performance Report Template.
It is part of the supporting assessment resources for Assessment Task 4 of BSBMGT517.
Assessment Task 1
1.1.
The purpose of strategic plan is to help the business determine the best way to achieve the future ambitions by connecting the mission and the vision. The operational plan is used to outline the activities and the targets that must be carried out for the organization to achieve the set objectives within the short-term. It helps the organization to achieve its operational objectives by providing a framework for the day-to-day operations within a period of one year.
1.2.
The operational plan modelled for use by the organization as a whole can be used again and again. However, an operational plan that is for a particular goal or department can only be used to address the one-time project or event.
1.3.
The operational plan can be developed by the strategies method where the organization lays out the approaches that are necessary to achieving the given goals. It can also be developed using the actions approach where the right steps to achieving the objectives is set.
1.4.
A budget is used to provide a practical model on how the business is supposed to perform financially. It stipulates the strategies and events that when carried out can be used to enhance performance using the available resources. A budget forecasts income and the expenditure and hence the profitability of a venture.
1.5.
Budgeting processes are the financial planning approaches a company takes to ensure it remains profitable. The typical approaches are top down approach which is where the budgeting decisions are taken solely by the senior management. The bottom up approach is where the budgeting decisions are first made at the departmental level before the senior management can take the final decision.
1.6.
KPI helps the organization to define and measure the progress towards the set organizational goals. It is a tool that ensures that the poorly performing areas or where the KPI goals are not being met are improved. Therefore, using KPI it is easier to understand the trajectory of a company in terms of performance.
1.7.
Chaotic approaches
Ad hoc approaches
Frameworks
Methodologies
1.8.
Balanced scorecards are designed to provide a framework that is used to manage resources. The balanced scorecard with KPI can either take the financial, customer, internal process, and learning and growth perspectives. Using KPI balanced scorecard can help drive the operating efficiency and hence improve performance.
1.9.
Benchmarking is the process of measuring the performance of a business against a competitor. It helps to identify the specific areas of opportunity to enhance the competitiveness of a business. It helps to set the standards of operation through scientific and business methods to benefit the business.
1.10.
PCBU is a person usually an employer who has a primary duty of care and to ensure that the health ...
Presiding Officer Training module 2024 lok sabha elections
This document is Operational Performance Report Template. It
1. This document is Operational Performance Report Template.
It is part of the supporting assessment resources for Assessment
Task 4 of BSBMGT517.
Assessment Task 1
1.1.
The purpose of strategic plan is to help the business determine
the best way to achieve the future ambitions by connecting the
mission and the vision. The operational plan is used to outline
the activities and the targets that must be carried out for the
organization to achieve the set objectives within the short-term.
It helps the organization to achieve its operational objectives by
providing a framework for the day-to-day operations within a
period of one year.
1.2.
The operational plan modelled for use by the organization as a
whole can be used again and again. However, an operational
plan that is for a particular goal or department can only be used
to address the one-time project or event.
1.3.
The operational plan can be developed by the strategies method
where the organization lays out the approaches that are
necessary to achieving the given goals. It can also be developed
using the actions approach where the right steps to achieving
the objectives is set.
1.4.
A budget is used to provide a practical model on how the
business is supposed to perform financially. It stipulates the
strategies and events that when carried out can be used to
enhance performance using the available resources. A budget
forecasts income and the expenditure and hence the profitability
of a venture.
1.5.
2. Budgeting processes are the financial planning approaches a
company takes to ensure it remains profitable. The typical
approaches are top down approach which is where the budgeting
decisions are taken solely by the senior management. The
bottom up approach is where the budgeting decisions are first
made at the departmental level before the senior management
can take the final decision.
1.6.
KPI helps the organization to define and measure the progress
towards the set organizational goals. It is a tool that ensures
that the poorly performing areas or where the KPI goals are not
being met are improved. Therefore, using KPI it is easier to
understand the trajectory of a company in terms of performance.
1.7.
Chaotic approaches
Ad hoc approaches
Frameworks
Methodologies
1.8.
Balanced scorecards are designed to provide a framework that is
used to manage resources. The balanced scorecard with KPI can
either take the financial, customer, internal process, and
learning and growth perspectives. Using KPI balanced scorecard
can help drive the operating efficiency and hence improve
performance.
1.9.
Benchmarking is the process of measuring the performance of a
business against a competitor. It helps to identify the specific
areas of opportunity to enhance the competitiveness of a
business. It helps to set the standards of operation through
scientific and business methods to benefit the business.
1.10.
PCBU is a person usually an employer who has a primary duty
of care and to ensure that the health and safety of the workers in
the workplace is assured. The primary responsibility of PCBU is
to ensure that the health of the workers is not put at risk. They
3. also have a responsibility of maintaining and providing a safe
work environment. Safe plants and structures are also a
responsibility of PCBU.
1.11.
Fair Work Act governs the employment of mature age workers.
It gives the terms and conditions and the right and
responsibilities of the employees, the employers and the
organization. It serves the role of assisting the employees to
have fair and productive workplaces.
1.12.
SWOT analysis is used to determine the strengths, weaknesses,
opportunities, and threats that a business is facing in its
operating environment. It is an important tool in operational
planning because it helps to identify the internal and the
external influences on performance. Proper use of this tool
helps to build an operational plan that is able to meet the goals,
improve their operations and keep the business relevant.
1.13.
PEST model is used as a method of assessing the major external
factors influencing the operations of a business. The main aim
is to develop competitive advantage over the other competitors.
The PEST model analyses the political, economic, social and
technological factors affecting operations. With such analysis,
the business is able to identify the threats and opportunities that
are associated with operational planning.
Assessment Task 2
2.1.
From:
To: CC:
BCC:
Subject: Reviewing the contents of the operational plan and
contingency plan
Hello sir,
Following the development of the operational plan and
contingency plan, I now request that we have a meeting to
review and approve them. The two plans have taken into
4. consideration the requirements of the new campuses and the
risks present.
I have attached the plans for you to review beforehand. I also
request for a meeting on 20th of February at 12:00 PM so that
we can deliberate on the details and make the necessary changes
to the plans.
Yours Sincerely,
NAME
2.2.
From:
To: CC:
BCC:
Subject: Outcome of the Operational and Contingency Plan
Review Meeting
Following the meeting we had on 20th of February, the entire
team deliberated on the operational and contingency plans. We
discussed the various strategies that have been set to ensure
successful operations of the campuses. This was to ensure that
the strategies were in line with the objectives of the college. We
also discussed the issues of cost variations in the different cities
and agreed that it would be prudent to increase the budget as
opposed to moving to the suburbs. This is because we are
targeting more students who are likely to come from the urban
areas.
The operational plan has stipulated the strategies that must be
met before the onset of the next year to ensure that the goal of
having them operational is met. The contingency plan contains
the alternative actions that will be undertaken in case there is a
difficulty achieving each strategy.
Following the agreement with the management, I therefore seek
your approval to continue to the next step of the process.
Thank you.
Yours Sincerely
NAME
Assessment Task 3
3.1
5. From:
To: CC: The CEO
BCC:
Subject: Approval for Recruitment
Following the completion of the two campuses, it is important
that the recruitment process begins. Bearing in mind that the
two campuses are outside Melbourne, I request that the
recruitment be carried out externally. The candidates should
come from the respective cities to make it easier for them to
work.
The two positions that need to be filled are the students’ service
officer and the receptionist in the two campuses. I therefore,
request for an approval to recruit and select the four staff
members.
Thank you
Yours sincerely,
NAME
3.2.
From:
To: CC: The Human Resource Manager
BCC:
Subject: Recruitment and Selection Policy
The completion of the two other campuses requires that some
recruitment be carried out. I therefore, request for the details of
the positions of receptionists and the student service officers.
This is necessary so as to adhere to the set recruitment and
selection policy and procedures.
The human resource department also needs to consider the issue
of intellectual property especially because the trainers from the
Melbourne campus will be developing the training and
assessment contents. The school wants to retain the intellectual
property of all the materials developed. Therefore, the
department should find the right way of ensuring that there is
proper handling of information in the two campuses.
Yours sincerely,
NAME
6. 3.3.
After the employees have been successful selected, they
will need to be trained on the vision and the mission of the
college. From the first week the employees will be trained on;
· Mission, values and the corporate culture of the college
· Discussion of the safety policies. This will be done in a
conversation setup and feedback. to test the level of
understanding and listening for the employees informal tests
should be given
· Educating the employees on compensation and benefit plans.
The issues of pay raises and bonuses should be discussed at this
point.
· Review the company goals and the departmental goals to
ensure the new employee understand.
· Stipulate the administrative details and ensure that the
employees understand their job responsibilities.
· Giving the employees the important contacts of the people
who can offer them help in the organization.
· Encourage participation of the new employees through
questions and
3.4.
From:
To: CC: The CEO
BCC:
Subject: Approval for the Induction Plan
In the beginning, the college had no induction plan. However,
we have developed an induction plan that shows how the
employees should be trained from the first day they come. The
plan includes the basic requirements such as making the
employees familiar with the mission to departmental training.
Therefore, I am writing to request for the approval of the
induction plan for use in the training of the new employees.
Thank you.
Yours Sincerely,
NAME
3.5.
7. From:
To: CC: The Human Resource Manager
BCC:
Subject: Induction Plan
The CEO has approved the attached induction plan for use
in the training of the employees. The induction policy and
procedures are the guidelines that will be used in training the
employees in the first week they report to work. The induction
program provided will be used in the coming training which
includes the employees for the other two campuses.
It is important that all the department managers will be
provided with these documents so that they can be prepared for
the new employee training. All employees from now must be
given the checklist as provided in the program to ensure they
understand. All the current employees must also complete the
induction as per the new program.
For any clarifications, the departmental managers can directly
contact my office.
Thank you.
Yours sincerely,
NAME
3.6.
From:
To: CC: The Administration Team
BCC:
Subject: Procurement of Equipment
It is approved that the two campuses need to be equipped with
all the necessary equipment. It is important that all the
purchases are made as per the purchasing policy. All the
documents that must be provided should be made available to
ensure that the policy is adhered to.
All the equipment being procured is less than $150,000 since
there is no major equipment being bought at this time.
Therefore, it is expected that there will be no tender process.
For the items that will be valued at $5,000 should have the
quotation record form. For those that have the cost of $50,000
8. to 150,000, then the documents such as the detailed
specifications, declaration of interests, quotation record forms,
and the detailed documentation process must be provided. The
purchasing policy is attached together with this email to ensure
that there will be compliance and understanding in the whole
process.
As stated earlier, the equipment being purchased are the normal
items needed in the campuses. These include cordless
telephones, printers, staff computers, student computers, office
chairs, student desks and chairs, and the A4 paper sheets. The
equipment list is attached so that the right quantities will be
captured. These are the same equipment for all the two
campuses. This equipment should be purchased before the
opening dates for the campuses in January for Sydney and April
for Brisbane.
All the quotes will be received and approved by the operations
and financial manager as per the authority of the CEO.
Therefore, all the procedures outlined in the purchasing policy
must be adhered to. For the small purchases such as the stapl ers
and pens, the acquisition can be made directly but should be
within the market prices.
Thank You.
Yours Sincerely,
NAME
Assessment Task 4
4.10.
The two campuses have been operation for the last six months.
Therefore, an analysis of the performance has been performed
and below is the report.
The Sydney campus has performed beyond the expectations of
the college. The expected sales were $450,000. However, the
college exceeded this limit and a total of $475,000 was
registered in the six months. The expenses were however,
higher than budgeted exceeding the budget with $1,400. This is
the reason why the campus was able to make a profit of
$109,200 compared to the projected $85,600.
9. Brisbane campus on the other hand performed better but
not as well as the Sydney one. The total sales were projected to
be about $350,000 but the campus has exceeded this and
reported $410,000. The net profits were also high reporting
$75,280 compared to the budgeted $26,480. This was
irrespective of the fact that the actual expenses were high at
$334,720 compared to the budgeted $323,520. Comparing the
two campuses, Sydney performed better. It had a higher net
profit of $33,920. This can be attributed to the high sales that
were registered compared to Brisbane campus. However, both
campuses performed above the expectations of the management.
The variations in the expenses were all found to be high
apart from the water bill in Brisbane. The others were so high
showing that the operational costs were increasing. However,
Sydney experienced the greatest variations and this could affect
the ability to control the costs for enhanced profitability.
Therefore, it is important to ensure that there is proper control
of the utilities. This will ensure proper control of the expenses
which must be minimized to achieve the set objectives and
goals. The operational plan should thus be amended to ensure
that it incorporates the need to control the utilities.
4.20.
From:
To: CC: The CEO
BCC:
Subject: Approval for Changing the Operational Plan
I hope this finds you well.
Following the analysis of the performance in both campuses for
the last six months, it is important for us to amend the
operational plan to ensure it incorporates some of the changes.
This will ensure that the campuses continue to perform as per
the objectives of the college.
I have attached the performance information and the operational
performance report for your reviewing. This will show that
there is a need to control some of the costs that may affect the
performance in the future.
10. I therefore, request for approval to make changes in the
operational plan.
Thank you.
Yours faithfully,
NAME
4.30.
From:
To: CC: The CEO
BCC:
Subject: Changing the Operational Plan
Dear Sir,
Following the response received concerning the changes to be
made in the operational plan, I understand that there will be a
need to make changes that might affect some operations.
However, it is important to note that the utilities are taking
more than 50% of the budgeted amounts. This will reflect at the
end of the year and reduce the profitability.
The problem is that these utilities are high at a time when the
students have not reached the 50% target. Therefore, when the
campuses will be operating in full capacity, these expenses will
be too high. It is thus important to control them at this time.
Thank you.
Yours sincerely,
NAME
4.40.
From:
To: CC: All employees
BCC:
Subject: Proper use of Resources
Greetings to you all.
It has come to our attention that there is a high use of the
resources especially water, office supplies, and electricity. The
bills paid in the last six months have been double the budgeted
amounts.
The following are some suggestions on how to effectively use
electricity and water.
11. · Switch off all the devices before leaving the office
· Avoid leaving chargers and other equipment on when not in
use because when left on they use energy
· Adopt a paperless approach to work to avoid wasting papers
· Do not leave any water flowing and use water efficiently
· All leakages should be repaired immediately
· Always remind the employees in the department to switch off
the devices and lights when leaving work
· Recycle materials such as coffee cups and water bottles
· Conduct group energy assessment to determine improvements
and any areas that can be changed.
When you observe the above measures, you will be contributing
to effective use of resources.
Thank you.
Yours faithfully,
NAME
4.50.
Mentee Information
First name
Last name
MI Rank
Department
College
Email
Mentor Information
First name
Last name
MI Rank
Department
College
Email
Goals
Action Plan
12. Need
Acquisition Date
4.60.
From:
To: CC: The CEO
BCC:
Subject: Approval of Monitoring Plan
Greetings.
It has come to our attention that some employees are falling out
of following the set safety standards and efficient use of
resources. This is a trend that can take us back to the same
problem of high expenses. This is the reason why we developed
a mentoring plan. This is supposed to be used by the mentees to
ensure the employees not meeting the standards undergo some
retraining to bring them back
I therefore, seek for permission to implement the mentoring
plan. I have attached a sample to indicate the structure which
the plan will be taking.
Kind regards.
Yours faithfully,
NAME
4.70.
From:
To: CC: The Human Resources
BCC:
Subject: Implementing the Monitoring Plan
I hope that this finds you well. It is now official that the CEO
has approved the mentoring plan. Therefore, it is important that
13. the HR department ensures that the document is provided to all
the departmental managers.
It is important that the managers are informed of the need to
identify the sustainability champions who will be used to
promote the needs of efficient resource management and safety.
This process should be carried out throughout this month but
ensure that the names are ready by the next management
meeting for approval. The meeting will be held on 13th March
2021.
I have attached the mentoring plan for the purposes of
distribution to all departments.
Thank you.
Yours sincerely,
NAME
4.80.
4.8.9
From:
To: CC: The CEO
BCC:
Subject: Document Attachment
I hope this finds you well. I have attached all the files from the
entire project. The operational planning draft includes the
information that showed the short-term goals before the project
began. The final draft contains information of the actions to be
taken in case there are variations. The contingency plan
contains all the activities planned for, the possible risks to
affect the course of action and the possible remedies or actions
to be taken to ensure the project remains on course.
The profit and loss file contains information on the performance
of the two campuses within the period of six months. The
variations file contains the information on the discrepancies of
actual values from the budgeted values.
I have attached the performance information in this email for
further details.
Yours faithfully,
14. NAME
Appendix
King Edward VII College
Profit and Loss six months to Dec 2020Sydney
Income
Budget
Actual
Sales
$450,000
$475,000
Expenses
Electricity and gas
$1,500
$3,000
Internet
$1,000
$1,100
Office supplies
$700
$1,200
Rent
$225,000
$220,000
Stationary
$800
$1,300
Wages and salaries
$115,000
$117,000
Superannuation
$15,000
$16,000
15. Travel and accommodation
$2,500
$2,700
Water
$2,000
$2,600
Work cover insurance
$900
$900
Total expense
$364,400
$365,800
Net Profit
$85,600
$109,200
Profit and Loss six months to Dec 20Brisbane
Income
Budget
Actuals
Sales
$350,000
$410,000
Expenses
Electricity and gas
$1,200
$2,800
Internet
$1,100
$1,100
Office supplies
$650
$1,300
Rent
$185,000
17. KPIs and monitoring plan
Monitoring actions
Identifying the suitable locations for both campuses in Brisbane
and Sydney at the approximated cost
· Identifying the right sources of information on rental spaces in
Sydney and Brisbane
· Establishing the agents and property information from the
identified sources
· Narrowing down to the agents with properties in the cost range
· Contacting the agents on the availability of the rental spaces
· Identifying the properties that are most appropriate within the
cost range.
· https://www.commercialrealestate.com.au/
· https://www.realestate.com.au/buy
·
December 19
Operations and finance manager
Identify the right staff for the two posts and matching the
existing staff with the campus requirements
· Advertise for the position of receptionists and students service
officer in both cities
· Select from the pool of applicants depending on qualifications
· Carry out skill analysis from the pool in Melbourne
· Matching the teachers with the requirements in both campuses
· Campus websites
· Local print media
November 20
Operations and finance manager
18. Finding cost effective contractors to fit out the campus as per
the requirements
· Advertising for opportunity in campus fitting in the
newspapers
· Selecting the best contractors from the list of applications
made
· Awarding the contract to the best priced and affordable
contractor.
· Brisbane News
· Brisbane Times
· The Sydney Morning Herald
December 19
Operations and finance manager
Finding the right suppliers for the necessary equipment in both
campuses at an affordable cost
· Advertise in the website on the need to have equipment
supplied
· Select the best suppliers from the list
· Negotiate with the suppliers to get cheap and quality furniture.
Campus websites
December 19
Operations and finance manager
Market the campuses in the respective areas to achieve the
maximum number of students targeted
Advertise on the social media, local newspapers, and the
website on the availability of positions in the two campuses
· Facebook
· Website
· Brisbane News
· Brisbane Times
19. · The Sydney Morning Herald
January 20
Operations and finance manager
King Edward VII College
Updated Operational Plan
Strategies
Actions
Details of resources required to achieve actions
Timelines
Who
KPIs and monitoring plan
Monitoring actions
Identifying the suitable locations for both campuses in Brisbane
and Sydney at the approximated cost
· Identifying the right sources of information on rental spaces in
Sydney and Brisbane
· Establishing the agents and property information from the
identified sources
· Narrowing down to the agents with properties in the cost range
· Contacting the agents on the availability of the rental spaces
· Identifying the properties that are most appropriate within the
cost range.
· https://www.commercialrealestate.com.au/
· https://www.realestate.com.au/buy
·
December 19
20. Operations and finance manager
Capital maximization.
Is it possible to acquire property within the budget?
Comparing different choices in the set locations
Settling for the cheapest amongst all
Identify the right staff for the two posts and matching the
existing staff with the campus requirements
· Advertise for the position of receptionists and students service
officer in both cities
· Select from the pool of applicants depending on qualifications
· Carry out skill analysis from the pool in Melbourne
· Matching the teachers with the requirements in both campuses
· Campus websites
· Local print media
November 20
Operations and finance manager
Employee performance
Measuring the performance of the employees after a specified
period
Finding cost effective contractors to fit out the campus as per
the requirements
· Advertising for opportunity in campus fitting in the
newspapers
· Selecting the best contractors from the list of applications
made
· Awarding the contract to the best priced and affordable
contractor.
· Brisbane News
· Brisbane Times
· The Sydney Morning Herald
December 19
Operations and finance manager
Cost optimization
21. The lowest quoted contractors are considered
Finding the right suppliers for the necessary equipment in both
campuses at an affordable cost
· Advertise in the website on the need to have equipment
supplied
· Select the best suppliers from the list
· Negotiate with the suppliers to get cheap and quality furniture.
Campus websites
December 19
Operations and finance manager
Performance efficiency
Acquiring the suppliers with high quality equipment at
affordable costs.
Market the campuses in the respective areas to achieve the
maximum number of students targeted
Advertise on the social media, local newspapers, and the
website on the availability of positions in the two campuses
· Facebook
· Website
· Brisbane News
· Brisbane Times
· The Sydney Morning Herald
January 20
Operations and finance manager
Social media efficiency
Managing the social media accounts for proper response
This document is Operational PlanTemplate.
It is part of the supporting assessment resources for Assessment
Task 2 of BSBMGT517.
23. Wages and salaries
Superannuation
Travel and accommodation
Water
$2,000
$2,600
$600
Work cover insurance
Total expense
$4,200
$6,800
$2600
Net Profit
Profit and Loss six months to Dec 2020Brisbane
Income
Budget
25. Travel and accommodation
Water
$1,900
$2,100
$200
Work cover insurance
Total expense
$3,750
$6,200
$2,450
Net Profit
King Edward VII College
Contingency Plan
The contingency planning process will be used by the
management team to ensure that we plan for contingencies
related to meeting the goals of the operational plan.
It will be done so in the form of a risk management plan with
the risks specifically related to the goals of the operational
plan.
26. Definitions
The following definitions are based on the Australian and New
Zealand Risk Management Standard AS/NZS 4360:2004.
Risk
The chance of something happening which will have an impact
upon objectives. It is measured in terms of consequence and
likelihood.
Likelihood
A qualitative description or synonym for probability or
frequency.
Consequence
The outcome of an event or situation, expressed quali tatively or
quantitatively, being a loss, injury, disadvantage or gain. There
may be a range of possible outcomes associated with an event.
Risk assessment
The overall process of risk analysis and risk evaluation.
Risk treatment/control methods
Selection and implementation of appropriate options for dealing
with risk.
Conceptually, treatment options will involve one or a
combination of the following five strategies:
· Avoid the risk.
· Reduce the likelihood of occurrence.
· Reduce the consequences of occurrence.
· Transfer the risk.
· Retain/accept the risk.
28. Suitable location for the campuses cannot be secured
Delay in the opening of campuses
8
If the cost of securing the rental spaces is higher than the
budgeted amounts, the management should consider adding
more to the budget or changing the location from the CBD to
the suburbs.
Operations and finance manager
High
Weekly reports on the real estate performance
Few staff and fatigue
Inability to meet the students’ needs in the three campuses
8
If the staff available are unable to keep up with the work in the
three campuses, the management should consider having more
staff in the Brisbane and Sydney campus
Operations and finance manager
Medium
Monitoring staff to student ratio and ensure it does not go
beyond 20
Above budget contractors
Inability to work within the established budget
12
The management should ensure there are emergency funds to
meet a rise in cost when it comes to fitting.
Operations and finance manager
High
Comparison of the different contractors to determine the range
Expensive suppliers or low quality cheap suppliers
Low quality products will be a high cost for the campuses and
the equipment will serve a shorter time
12
The management should go back and add more money to the
budget to ensure better services or consider procuring from
other areas that may be considered cheap.
Operations and finance manager
29. High
Comparing the suppliers and ensuring that the best quoted are
selected.
Inadequate reach to the people
Poor student registration in the new campuses
16
The management should use advertising channels that are
common with the locals such as television, social media, and
personal selling
Operations and finance manager
Low
Weekly social media analysis of the performance and response
from the students.
King Edward VII College
Induction Policy and Procedures
Purpose
To successful train the new employees on the vision and the
mission of the collegePolicy
Every new employee must be conveniently guided on the
mission, vision and the performance needs of the company.
Procedures
· Educate the employees on Mission, values and the corporate
culture of the college
· Discuss the safety policies. This will be done in a
conversation setup and feedback. to test the level of
understanding and listening for the employees informal tests
should be given
· Educate the employees on compensation and benefit plans.
The issues of pay raises and bonuses should be discussed at this
point.
· Review the company goals and the departmental goals to
31. FORMAT
Why the BLUF format?
Intelligence reports (or products) must tailor to the needs of
their customers: policy
makers and commanders. Such busy men and women rely on
clear, concise and
accurate intelligence reporting to make daily decisions that
affect national security,
policies, and the lives of service men and women. Directly
stating the conclusions of
your analysis is the best way for analysts to communicate with
policymakers and
commanders, who are often too busy to carefully digest all the
information.
Summarizing conclusions for each paragraph at its beginning
allows readers to skim
quickly the intelligence without sacrificing clarity.
BLUF: In the BLUF format, the first sentence of each paragraph
will sum up the key
points in the paragraph (similar to a topic sentence). A strong
BLUF should cover all of
the information in the paragraph like an umbrella. If the
paragraph contains any
information that does not fall under the umbrella, the
information needs to move to
another paragraph, be removed, or the BLUF needs to be
revised. Following the BLUF,
the component sentences should be arranged to from MOST to
LEAST important.
Format
Introduction:
Your introduction summarizes the 2-3 key points that convey
32. the analytical impact of
your report. The first sentence in the introduction should state
clearly the conclusion of
your analysis, followed by the 2-3 key points to clarify the
terms of the result itself. The
BLUF sentence should be bolded or italicized.
Background:
The background follows the introduction only as a means to
allow the reader to
understand the historical context surrounding the issue and your
conclusions. The
background section should explain relevant facts and interesting
explanations within the
issue. By presenting the background immediately after the
introduction, the section
following the background can focus entirely on analysis without
the need to boggle your
report with jargon and explanatory details. Do not focus so
much on your research or
methods of research; the purpose of the report always should
remain with the analysis.
Analysis or Substantiation:
Usually the longest section of your report, the analysis
substantiates the conclusions
originally made in the introduction. In other words, this section
presents the essentials
within the issue, providing meaningful characterizations and
relevant facts to
substantiate implications for the future. Communicate your
33. analysis in an accurate,
clear, and brief way. Remember to think critically and organize
your thoughts clearly,
avoiding misinterpretations of facts. Analysis DOES NOT
OFFER OPINION. Your
interpretation and understanding of the implications within the
issue demand for you to
present a line of reasoning, not necessarily an “opinion.”
Everything you write must be
based on facts and evidence that have been analyzed
LOGICALLY lacking bias (as much
as possible, I know you are human after all).
Context:
Context provides the reader a setting for your analysis (not to
be confused with
background) by offering additional implications, opportunities,
or anticipated
consequences about the set of circumstances or facts regarding
the issue you have
chosen to analyze, while the background section should supply
the reader with essential
information to understand the issue in general. In other words,
the background section
allows the reader to acquire the necessary knowledge to
understand the circumstances
outlined in the context.
Outlook:
The outlook should sum reiterate the conclusions of your report
and sum up the content
of the paper, including the final conclusion about future
implications and threats to US
interests; that is, the outlook sums up the analytical judgement
for future implications
and possible complications already present in the analysis and
34. context.
ACCURACY, BREVITY, AND CLARITY:
Intelligence writing demands that the language used is as clear
and direct as possible.
Carefully chosen language—accurate, brief, and clear—prevents
misinterpretation and
greatly reduces the possibility that a decision-maker will make a
decision that opposes
U.S. interests.
NAME OF DEPARTMENT AGENCY
UNCLASSIFIED
DATE
MEMORANDUM FOR: Name of your reader (commander,
director, or policy maker)
Official Title of your reader (i.e. Director of Intelligence,
Department of the Navy)
FROM: Your Name
Student of Analytic Writing, POS 4784
SUBJECT: Your issue
TITLE OF YOUR REPORT
Introduction: BLUF sentence begins here . . .