There are many theories regarding extinction of H Neanderthals. The new evidences (improved radiocarbon dating) show that they co existed with H sapiens for around 5000 years. 1. Violence: There might be conflicts with H sapiens for limited resources, prey and water. 2. Volcanic eruption: Another theory suggests violent eruption has happened around 4039,000 years ago in the Phlegraean Fields near Naples in Italy. Around 200 km3 (48 cu mi) of magma (500 km3 (120 cu mi) bulk volume) might have caused the might resulted in their extinction. 3. Parasite and Pathogens: In another theory, H neanderthalensis might be susceptible to the pathogens carried by H sapiens. The poor immunity might resulted in the lethal infection might resulted in the extinction. 4. Competitive extinctions: This theory suggests that H sapiens were having modern tools for survival helping them to invade the territory occupied by H neanderthalensis. Since, H neanderthalensis were less advanced thus might have extricated due to competitive environment. 5. Division of Labour: H sapiens were practicing division of labour between the sexes, where as H neanderthalensis both male and female were performing hunting activities together in the field. This may have resulted in poor extraction of resources. 6. Anatomical features: In another theory, due to anatomical difference H neanderthalensis could not able to sun faster than H sapiens. This walking and running advantage might helped modern human to win over the competitive environment. 7. New prays: In another theory, the larger pary (large mammals) became rarer which were hunted by H neanderthalensis. H sapienses also domesticated dogs and at the same time were dependent on smaller mammals (rabbits). Since modern man also had anatomical advantages, and change of prey population might resulted in competitive advantage to H sapiens. Solution There are many theories regarding extinction of H Neanderthals. The new evidences (improved radiocarbon dating) show that they co existed with H sapiens for around 5000 years. 1. Violence: There might be conflicts with H sapiens for limited resources, prey and water. 2. Volcanic eruption: Another theory suggests violent eruption has happened around 4039,000 years ago in the Phlegraean Fields near Naples in Italy. Around 200 km3 (48 cu mi) of magma (500 km3 (120 cu mi) bulk volume) might have caused the might resulted in their extinction. 3. Parasite and Pathogens: In another theory, H neanderthalensis might be susceptible to the pathogens carried by H sapiens. The poor immunity might resulted in the lethal infection might resulted in the extinction. 4. Competitive extinctions: This theory suggests that H sapiens were having modern tools for survival helping them to invade the territory occupied by H neanderthalensis. Since, H neanderthalensis were less advanced thus might have extricated due to competitive environment. 5. Division of Labour: H sapiens were practicing division of labour between .