The document defines theme and setting in literature. It states that a theme is the central idea or underlying meaning explored in a work, either explicitly or implicitly. Major themes are repeated ideas in a work, while minor themes are briefly explored ideas. Settings include the time, place, social contexts, and surroundings where the story takes place. Integral settings influence the themes, characters, and plot, while backdrop settings do not. Examples of common themes and settings in literature are provided.

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2. What is a Theme? (expected
question)

3. Theme is defined as a main idea or an
underlying meaning of a literary work, which
may be stated directly or indirectly.

4. In works of fiction, a theme is the central idea
or ideas explored in the story.
Literary themes might be the subject matter or
present itself as a message within the larger
story.

5. Theme can also be expressed in a more
abstract way as an idea or moral -- the
message of the story.
For example, the theme of a parable or
fable is the moral it teaches.

6. Major and Minor Themes

7. Major and minor themes are two types of themes that
appear in literary works. A major theme is an idea
that a writer repeats in his literary work, making it the
most significant idea in the work.
A minor theme, on the other hand, refers to an idea
that appears in a work briefly, giving way to another
minor theme.

8. As a subject matter, A theme can be expressed
concretely in a very general way
When conceived of as simply a subject, it's easy
to see how a work of literature could have more
than one theme.
"Hamlet," for instance, deals with the themes of
death, revenge, and action, to name a few.
"King Lear's" themes shine a light on justice,
reconciliation, madness, and betrayal.

9. A writer presents themes in a literary work through
several means. A writer may express a theme
through the feelings of his main character about the
subject he has chosen to write about.
Similarly, themes are presented through thoughts
and conversations of different characters. Moreover,
the experiences of the main character in the course
of a literary work give us an idea about its theme.

10. While you might start with an issue or theme in
mind, themes also develop, emerge or expand
as you write.
It may not be until the editing stage that you
even begin to recognize your themes. Once you
clearly see your theme, you can more easily
decide what to cut from your story or novel and
what to highlight.

11. Examples of Theme in Literature

12. Love and Friendship Theme:
Love and friendship are frequently occurring themes
in literature. They generate emotional twists and
turns in a narrative, and can lead to a variety of
endings: happy, sad, or bittersweet.
Ex:
Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare

13. War Theme:
The theme of war has been explored in literature
since ancient times. literary woks utilizing this
theme may either glorify or criticize the idea of war.
Most recent literary works portray war as a curse for
humanity, due to the suffering it inflicts.
Ex:
Iliad and Odyssey by Homer

14. Crime and Mystery Themes
Crime and mystery are utilized in detective novels.
Such narratives also include sub-themes, such as
“crimes cannot be hidden,” “evil is always
punished,” and others.
Ex:
Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle

15. Theme is an element of a story that binds together
various essential elements of a narrative. It is often a
truth that exhibits universality, and stands true for
people of all cultures.
Theme gives readers better understanding of the
main character’s conflicts, experiences, discoveries,
and emotions as they are derived from them.

16. What is a Setting?

17. Setting:
The setting of a piece of literature is the time and place
in which the story takes place. The definition of setting
can also include social statuses, weather, historical
period, and details about immediate surroundings.
Settings can be real or fictional, or a combination of
both real and fictional elements. Some settings are very
specific (Wulfhall in Wiltshire England in 1500), while
others are descriptive (a boat out on the ocean).

18. Setting could be simply descriptive like a lonely
cottage on a mountain. Social conditions, historical
time, geographical locations, weather, immediate
surroundings, and timing are all different aspects of
setting. It has its three major components; social
environment, place and time.

19. Most pieces of literature include more—or many
more—than one setting, either as the narrative
progresses through time or to include points of
view from more than one character.
Setting is a fundamental aspect of fiction, along
with plot, character, theme, and style. The setting
provides the backdrop to the story and helps
create mood.

20. Types of Setting

21. Backdrop Setting – Backdrop setting emerges
when it is not important for a story, and it could
happen in any setting such as A. A. Milne’s
story Winnie-the-Pooh could take place in any type
of setting.

22. Integral Setting – It is when the place and time
influences theme, character and action of a story.
In this type, setting controls the characters and by
controlling setting, writers could control their
characters. If they confine a certain character to a
particular setting, it will define the character.

23. Setting is an extremely important aspect of almost
every piece of fiction and drama, and can be an
important element in poetry as well.
In many narrative examples the setting can act
almost as a nonhuman character, affecting the
characters in many different large and small ways.
Indeed, most plot lines are so tied to their settings
that they could not be put in other places, time
periods, or socioeconomic environments.

24. Fin