The Beatles were a highly influential band formed in 1960 in Liverpool, England. They gained popularity after appearing on the Ed Sullivan show in 1964 and had many #1 hits. Their album 1, released in 2000, compiled all of their #1 singles in chronological order from 1962-1970, showing their musical progression. It includes popular songs like "Hey Jude" and "All You Need Is Love" and has sold over a million copies. The document discusses the importance of this album in showcasing the songs that propelled the Beatles to fame and their impact on the genre of rock music.