COVID - 1 9 PANDEMIC AND THE FACE MASK CONTROVERSY: ADOPTING INNOVATIVE APPR...EMMANUEL AKOMANIN ASIAMAH
Following global shortage of facemask amid the COVID -19 pandemic, there has been overwhelming awakening of creativity and innovation for DIY facemasks globally. This presentation seeks to highlight the concerns with the making of homemade facemasks and presents findings of a basic research that aimed to evaluate the suitability of non-traditional local fabric for the production of reusable mask comparable to N95, from a Ghanaian context.
COVID - 1 9 PANDEMIC AND THE FACE MASK CONTROVERSY: ADOPTING INNOVATIVE APPR...EMMANUEL AKOMANIN ASIAMAH
Following global shortage of facemask amid the COVID -19 pandemic, there has been overwhelming awakening of creativity and innovation for DIY facemasks globally. This presentation seeks to highlight the concerns with the making of homemade facemasks and presents findings of a basic research that aimed to evaluate the suitability of non-traditional local fabric for the production of reusable mask comparable to N95, from a Ghanaian context.
Its a small presentation about corona virus. Hope you will get an idea about it. Its not detail its just to give an overview of the virus and its mode of transmission. Preventive measures are also discussed.
Coronavirus Disease, officially named as COVID-19, started as an epidemic in a live animal market in Wuhan, China, and spread throughout the world at an alarming rate. It was declared a pandemic by WHO on 11th March, 2020. The virus causing the disease was initially named 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), but later officially renamed by WHO as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome- Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus is related to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV that caused epidemics in China and Saudi Arabia in 2002 and 2012, respectively. The virus primarily affects the lungs, and causes death in a small proportion of patients due to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The data on this new disease is very early, and might change as new data emerges.
Disclaimer: The images used in this presentation do not belong to me.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS),a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive.
Presentation made by Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the meeting "Health in Action reforming the Greek National Health System to Improve Citizens’ Health", on 5 March 2014, Athens, Greece.
This is a presentation for all the people who are unaware about COVID-19.
COVID-19 = Corona Virus Disease 2019. Please like and share my presentation.
Presentation by:-
C. S. Nelson
VI - E
D.A.V Boys Senior Secondary School.
D.A.V Group of School.
Its a small presentation about corona virus. Hope you will get an idea about it. Its not detail its just to give an overview of the virus and its mode of transmission. Preventive measures are also discussed.
Coronavirus Disease, officially named as COVID-19, started as an epidemic in a live animal market in Wuhan, China, and spread throughout the world at an alarming rate. It was declared a pandemic by WHO on 11th March, 2020. The virus causing the disease was initially named 2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV), but later officially renamed by WHO as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome- Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This virus is related to SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV that caused epidemics in China and Saudi Arabia in 2002 and 2012, respectively. The virus primarily affects the lungs, and causes death in a small proportion of patients due to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The data on this new disease is very early, and might change as new data emerges.
Disclaimer: The images used in this presentation do not belong to me.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS),a condition in humans in which progressive failure of the immune system allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive.
Presentation made by Zsuzsanna Jakab, WHO Regional Director for Europe, at the meeting "Health in Action reforming the Greek National Health System to Improve Citizens’ Health", on 5 March 2014, Athens, Greece.
This is a presentation for all the people who are unaware about COVID-19.
COVID-19 = Corona Virus Disease 2019. Please like and share my presentation.
Presentation by:-
C. S. Nelson
VI - E
D.A.V Boys Senior Secondary School.
D.A.V Group of School.
History of Epidemics & Pandemics of World & India- A case study-peterpdPeter Prasanta Debbarma
Here one will know the cases of Epidemic and Pandemic and their nature from the World and India as well as their history and nature of spread and also safety lessons learnt
Paper Writing Service - HelpWriting.net 👈
✅ Quality
You get an original and high-quality paper based on extensive research. The completed work will be correctly formatted, referenced and tailored to your level of study.
✅ Confidentiality
We value your privacy. We do not disclose your personal information to any third party without your consent. Your payment data is also safely handled as you process the payment through a secured and verified payment processor.
✅ Originality
Every single order we deliver is written from scratch according to your instructions. We have zero tolerance for plagiarism, so all completed papers are unique and checked for plagiarism using a leading plagiarism detector.
✅ On-time delivery
We strive to deliver quality custom written papers before the deadline. That's why you don't have to worry about missing the deadline for submitting your assignment.
✅ Free revisions
You can ask to revise your paper as many times as you need until you're completely satisfied with the result. Provide notes about what needs to be changed, and we'll change it right away.
✅ 24/7 Support
From answering simple questions to solving any possible issues, we're always here to help you in chat and on the phone. We've got you covered at any time, day or night.
The Spanish Flu
The Spanish Flu was a world wide epidemic that took the lives of an estimated 50 to 100 million lives between 1918 and 1920. It has been recorded as the most devastating outbreak in world history. The disease first appeared in Fort Riley Kansas on March 11, 1918 when an Army private reported to the camp hospital with complaints of a fever, sore throat and headache. By noon that day the hospital had treated over 100 sick soldiers with similar symptoms and 500 more by the end of that week. Initially the strain of the virus seemed no different than those of previous years but it quickly became apparent to health officials that this strain was unusual when it began to attack many young adults and healthy individuals. Additionally this...show more content... What Caused the Outbreak?
While the exact cause of the Spanish Flu is still undetermined, many theories exist as to what caused the initial pandemic. One belief is that the virus was man made and used as a type of bacteriological warfare that was developed in 1914. It was believed to be administered to soldiers as a vaccine during WWI with the intent of being spread overseas infecting the enemy we were fighting against. Another theory is that the virus was spread to humans through birds. Researchers were able to study preserved tissue samples from 1918 and have identified mutated genes which are very similar to those documented in the H5N1 virus or more commonly referred to as the Bird Flu.
What is the Bird Flu? Avian Influenza (Bird Flu) is commonly found in the intestines of birds. It is uncommon for the influenza to infect humans but there have been confirmed cases of human infection since 1997. Normally people a
Historical Background on Genesis of Epidemics, Plant Quarantine & Phytosani...Mir G.
With the increasing international travel and trade globalization, the persistence of trans-boundary plant/animal/human diseases in the world poses a serious risk to world humans/animal/ agriculture/food security and jeopardizes international trade. See the timeline of pandemics/epidemics that, in ravaging human populations and changed history. Many destructive plant pathogens have emerged via human-assisted global migration movement from their native geographic range to a new environment. Examples of dangerous pathogens/diseases disseminated during the transboundary movement of seeds and other planting materials in international trade and exchange caused havoc and leading to profound political, economic, and social consequences. In this context, the awareness of quarantine & certification measures are compulsory in the present scenario.
This resource pack supports the Spanish Flu simulator at http://resources.modelling4all.org/spanish-flu/teacher-guide-to-spanish-flu-simulation.
More people died from the 1918-1920 Spanish Influenza pandemic than there were casulties as a result of the First World War. This world-wide epidemic caused by influenza viruses led to between 50 and 100 million deaths in 1918 and 1919 (as much as 1 of every 18 people).
Many researchers have suggested that the conditions of the war significantly aided the spread of the disease. And others have argued that the course of the war (and subsequent peace treaty) was influenced by the pandemic.
The largest pandemics throughout history and its consequencesFernando Alcoforado
This article aims to present the great pandemics throughout history, pointing out how they originated, pointing out its origins and causes, the characteristic symptoms of the disease, its impact on society with the solutions adopted by medicine for its eradication, as well as the threats of new pandemics in the world such as around plague, measles and influenza, respiratory infections that are transmitted by birds and caused by unknown agents, the so-called “disease X” on the radar of WHO- World Health Organization, the possibility of an unprecedented microbe doing damage and, lastly, multi-resistant bacteria and fungi.
1
Lessons from the past: How the deadly
second wave of the 1918 ‘Spanish flu’
caught Dallas and the U.S. by surprise
Health concerns about the 2020 coronavirus pandemic are rooted in the
catastrophic second wave of the 1918 pandemic, which hit between
September and November of that year.
By David Tarrant
9:00 AM on Jul 3, 2020
https://www.dallasnews.com/news/2020/07/03/lessons-from-the-past-how-the-deadly-second-
wave-of-the-1918-spanish-flu-caught-dallas-and-the-us-by-surprise/
Illustration by staff artist Michael Hogue.(Michael Hogue / Michael Hogue illustration)
As August gave way to September of 1918, few people were thinking about the
influenza that would soon sweep across Texas and the rest of the country with the speed and
deadly ferocity of a firestorm.
There had been a relatively mild version of the virus in the spring of that year, mostly
affecting troops mobilizing to go off to World War I over in Europe. But by summer the disease
known at the time as the Spanish flu had been largely forgotten.
The front pages of The Dallas Morning News were dominated by news of American troops
pouring into Europe for what would come to be known as World War I.
But that would quickly change. By the end of September, a second wave of the flu, far
deadlier, would sweep across the country, hitting Dallas and other large cities hard.
When health experts worry about the course of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, they
often look back at the second wave of the 1918 pandemic, between September and November,
https://www.dallasnews.com/author/david-tarrant
2
when influenza cases overwhelmed hospitals and medical staffs across the country and the dead
piled up faster than they could be buried.
In Dallas that year, the city’s chief health officer, A.W. Carnes, waved off the fast-
approaching pandemic as not much more than the common cold. In a major blunder, he permitted
a patriotic parade in late September that attracted a cheering crowd of thousands jammed
together downtown.
Cases of influenza promptly spiked.
The second wave would produce most of the deaths of the pandemic, which experts now
estimate at 50 million to 100 million worldwide. In the United States, 675,000 people died from
the virus.
The Dallas Morning News on Sept. 27, 1918, reported the rapid spread of the Spanish flu. Despite the worsening
conditions, Dallas medical officials hesitated to impose restrictions on public gatherings for more than two weeks.
As it did then, the world is struggling with a virus for which there is no vaccine. COVID-19,
the sickness caused by the new coronavirus, has advanced unabated around the world since it first
appeared in China late last year. By the end of June, the number of deaths worldwide exceeded
500,000.
Like the Spanish flu in 1918, the new coronavirus isn’t showing signs of fading away
anytime soon. Texas ended June with alarm lights flashing as new COVID-19 cases set records
daily ...
1 Lessons from the past How the deadly second waveSilvaGraf83
1
Lessons from the past: How the deadly
second wave of the 1918 ‘Spanish flu’
caught Dallas and the U.S. by surprise
Health concerns about the 2020 coronavirus pandemic are rooted in the
catastrophic second wave of the 1918 pandemic, which hit between
September and November of that year.
By David Tarrant
9:00 AM on Jul 3, 2020
https://www.dallasnews.com/news/2020/07/03/lessons-from-the-past-how-the-deadly-second-
wave-of-the-1918-spanish-flu-caught-dallas-and-the-us-by-surprise/
Illustration by staff artist Michael Hogue.(Michael Hogue / Michael Hogue illustration)
As August gave way to September of 1918, few people were thinking about the
influenza that would soon sweep across Texas and the rest of the country with the speed and
deadly ferocity of a firestorm.
There had been a relatively mild version of the virus in the spring of that year, mostly
affecting troops mobilizing to go off to World War I over in Europe. But by summer the disease
known at the time as the Spanish flu had been largely forgotten.
The front pages of The Dallas Morning News were dominated by news of American troops
pouring into Europe for what would come to be known as World War I.
But that would quickly change. By the end of September, a second wave of the flu, far
deadlier, would sweep across the country, hitting Dallas and other large cities hard.
When health experts worry about the course of the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, they
often look back at the second wave of the 1918 pandemic, between September and November,
https://www.dallasnews.com/author/david-tarrant
2
when influenza cases overwhelmed hospitals and medical staffs across the country and the dead
piled up faster than they could be buried.
In Dallas that year, the city’s chief health officer, A.W. Carnes, waved off the fast-
approaching pandemic as not much more than the common cold. In a major blunder, he permitted
a patriotic parade in late September that attracted a cheering crowd of thousands jammed
together downtown.
Cases of influenza promptly spiked.
The second wave would produce most of the deaths of the pandemic, which experts now
estimate at 50 million to 100 million worldwide. In the United States, 675,000 people died from
the virus.
The Dallas Morning News on Sept. 27, 1918, reported the rapid spread of the Spanish flu. Despite the worsening
conditions, Dallas medical officials hesitated to impose restrictions on public gatherings for more than two weeks.
As it did then, the world is struggling with a virus for which there is no vaccine. COVID-19,
the sickness caused by the new coronavirus, has advanced unabated around the world since it first
appeared in China late last year. By the end of June, the number of deaths worldwide exceeded
500,000.
Like the Spanish flu in 1918, the new coronavirus isn’t showing signs of fading away
anytime soon. Texas ended June with alarm lights flashing as new COVID-19 cases set records
daily ...
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2. How deadly was the Spanish Flu?
Through 1918-1919, the Spanish flu killed an approximate 20-50 million people
worldwide, making this the world’s deadliest pandemic so far. Some estimates
even go upto 100 million. It killed 12-17 million people in India alone (5% of its
population). It spread throughout the world, killing hundreds of thousands of
people in several countries. In fact, it killed way more people than World War I that
directly preceded the Spanish Flu.
3. In America, 28% of the population were infected and close to 675,000 people
died. Around the globe, the flu affected 500 million people which was 25% of the
then world’s population.
4. Why was it called Spanish Flu?
Strangely enough, the Spanish Flu didn’t even originate in Spain. We are still not
sure where it started. It could have been in China, Britain, France or even
America, but it was certainly not in Spain.
The reason for the name was because Spain was neutral in World War, and its
media freely reported news about the subsequent flu that was ravaging the world.
The media in other countries were strictly censored to maintain its public’s morale.
So everyone thought this scourge was only limited to Spain.
The name stuck.
5. Where did the Spanish flu originate?
Scientists are still not sure about how the Spanish flu originated. There are currently
three theories about its origin.
The virus may have originated in China, and travelled to Europe via thousands of
Chinese laborers who were being transported to the war front in Europe. There is
evidence that there was a respiratory illness which broke out in November 1917 in
China, which was identical to the Spanish flu.
6. British troops in France : The crowded and cramped staging hospital in Estaples
(France) treating thousands of soldiers of the World War is seen as a possible
starting point. The camp also had a piggery, and it is theorised that the virus
originated in birds and then mutated rapidly to infect pigs and thence the humans
in the camp.
The virus may have originated in Fort Riley, Kansas (USA), which also stocked
poultry and swine. There are reports of an early outbreak in March 1918 in this
location. Upon the deployment of American soldiers to Europe, the virus then
spread widely across the globe.
7. The truth is we are still not sure where the virus originated, and the above theories
are the most plausible at this time. But what is certain is that the world war
contributed greatly in the global spread of the virus, with soldiers traveling to and
from the war front and back to their home countries.
8. Symptoms of the Spanish flu
The milder symptoms typically included flu-like conditions like cough, fever,
bodyache, fatigue etc.
The more serious symptoms were severe pneumonia, skin turning blue, lung
congestion with lots of fluid, respiratory failure, all of which typically lead to death
in a few days (even hours in some cases).
9. Why was this flu so deadly?
Typically, influenza affects older people, young children and people with pre-
existing conditions disproportionately, because of their relatively weaker immune
systems. In fact the first wave of the Spanish Flu was just that. It killed people with
compromised immune systems and others easily recovered.
But in the fall of 1918, the second wave started with the virus mutating into a
deadlier form. This was more devastating for the 20-40 age group. This virus
unleashed a cytokine storm in the body (overreaction of the immune system) of
young adults. People were dead within days (sometimes hours) of contracting the
virus. October of 1918 was the deadliest month of the whole pandemic.
10. Some theorize this was because of a reversal of conditions from a normal civilian
pandemic. During the War, mildly affected soldiers stayed put and fought. The
severely affected ones were sent to crowded hospitals where they spread the nastier
version of the virus throughout the civilian population.
Also, there was no vaccine or antiviral drugs that existed then, to treat the problem.
The only defence was the body’s own antibodies to somehow overcome the virus,
which was just not enough. Flu vaccines came into being only in the 1940s.
Another theory floating around is the over-prescription of aspirin to patients. Bayer’s
patent of aspirin had just ended in 1917, and several companies rushed to produce
and sell aspirin, and thus there was a vast supply in the market. Super high doses
were prescribed by doctors, levels which are now known to be toxic.
11. What did people do to combat the Spanish flu?
Since there was no vaccine or even proper drugs to combat this menace, people
did the following, which are extremely relevant even today:
● Social distancing methods
● Isolation of the infected
● Shutting down schools, movie theatres, congregations and public places
● Lots of protective equipment (like face masks) for health workers, and to the
general public
● “Open air” treatment - patients were housed in temporary hospitals with lots of
fresh air, ventilation, sunlight and nutritious food
● Lots of emphasis on hygienic surroundings and cleanliness
12. How did the Spanish flu end?
The pandemic ended by itself around the summer of 1919. Basically, people who
got infected either became immune to the virus, or died.
One theory is that the virus also mutated to a less murderous version. This also
makes sense from the point of view of the virus. If the virus is so deadly that it
simply kills its host, then it will quickly run out of people to infect. By becoming
more “benign” it increases its chances of survival.