The response must be 250 words and use at least 2 scholarly citation(s) in APA format. Any sources cited must have been published within the last five years. Acceptable sources include texts, articles, presentations, the Bible, blogs, videos, etc. Textbook: Raines, S. (2020). Conflict Management for Managers: Resolving Workplace, Client, and Policy Disputes (2nd ed.). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN: 9781538119938 ***ELLIOTT C.**** Conflict Management in Unionized Environments Unions and management/labor in the workplace in the United States have shared a volatile relationship in the United States. Beginning in the 1830’s labor unions were established to protect workers from the abuses of management that were the norm throughout the 19thand 20th centuries—the ability to form alliances such as those found in labor unions allowed employees to voice their concerns in one concise voice. Many employees felt safety and wages precipitate conflicts between management employees and union representatives. Raines (2020) claims wrongful termination, unfair treatment, harassment, workplace safety concerns, discrimination, intra-team dispute, personality conflicts, and so forth (p. 194). The Establishment of Labor Unions Historically, the Unionized workplaces owe their lineage to the period following the Black Plague in Europe. The plague disseminated the labor force in Europe; in addition to the growing economic stagnation, a decrease in production increased to force the price of goods to rise, creating a demand for labor. Labor in this situation was able to demand a living wage and improved working conditions. In their need to produce, the ruling class members found themselves forced to provide the mandated salaries and improved work conditions. Both parties understood that one party needed to make money, and the other had a commodity in demand. Both parties understood that they needed each other to have a successful enterprise. The concept of a symbiotic relationship between labor and management would last for centuries. During the Middle Ages, the fallout of the plague caused a significant portion of the European population to die, leaving the demand for individuals to work the fields. The shortage of work forced Surfs to work longer hours. The extended hours combined with the labor shortage, provided the conditions for re-bargaining between the lords and the surfs. The ability to negotiate from the position of strength served as the earliest form of collective bargaining implemented in labor negotiations. Post-industrial American, Labor Unions, and the Great Depression In the post-industrialized society, labor unions emerged as a tool for collective bargaining in the 1920s-1930s during the Great Depression, when unemployment in America reached 14%. During this period, America was transforming from a predominantly agricultural society to a mechanized industry leading to the need for a specialized labor force, the challenge of child l ...