The patronage system
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The patronage system during the Baroque and Classical periods involved financial support of musicians by the church and wealthy members of society. Composers would write works determined by their patron in exchange for economic security. Johann Sebastian Bach held positions that required him to write music for his patrons at courts in Weimar and Cothen. Mozart worked as a composer for the Bishop of Salzburg but later struggled to find patrons in Vienna. Haydn thrived under the patronage system, producing symphonies and quartets for over 30 years for his patron Prince Esterhazy. Elements of the patronage system still exist today through crowdfunding websites that support creators' projects.
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The Baroque period saw social influences on music from the Counter-Reformation, the 30 Years War, and rising merchant class. The Council of Trent encouraged more emotionally engaging church music. Rulers like Frederick the Great and Louis XIV promoted music at their lavish courts to demonstrate status. The growing merchant class patronized the arts, leading to public concert halls and theaters that gave musicians more independence from noble patrons.
Nationality And Achievements Of Ludwig Van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer born in 1770 in Bonn. He was a musical prodigy from a young age and received training in piano, violin, and composition. Beethoven later moved to Vienna to further his musical education and study with composers like Mozart and Haydn. Though he faced personal struggles including deafness, Beethoven's music came to reflect triumph over adversity. His works had a significant influence and helped transition between Classical and Romantic eras in music.
The legendary
Johann Sebastian Bach was a German composer born in 1685 who came from a family of musicians. He was orphaned at age 8 but continued his musical education living with his older brother. Bach married twice and had 20 children, though only 9 survived him. He was deeply devoted to his Christian faith, which inspired much of his compositions. Bach was a talented musician and teacher who was renowned during his lifetime but his compositions became widely known and celebrated after his death.
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The document provides an overview of instrumental music from the Romantic period. It discusses how Romantic music featured freedom, creativity, emotion, and experimentation compared to the strict rules of Classical music. New forms emerged such as the symphonic poem, art song, nocturne, etude, and polonaise. It also profiles several influential Romantic composers such as Chopin, Liszt, Berlioz, Schumann, Mendelssohn, and Saint-Saens, highlighting their contributions to instrumental music through genres like piano miniatures, symphonic poems, and marches.
Music of the enlightenment
The document discusses the impact of the Enlightenment on music. During this period, composers like Gluck sought to simplify musical expression. Public concerts also emerged as the middle class could now afford entertainment. Haydn invented new forms like the symphony and string quartet that engaged audiences. The Baroque era preceded the Classical period and featured composers such as Bach and Handel who pioneered new styles. The Classical period saw major composers like Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven who embraced new structural clarity and emotional expression in their landmark symphonies, operas, and other works.
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Nationality And Achievements Of Ludwig Van Beethoven
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The patronage system
- 2. What is the Patronage System? • Financial support for musicians during the Baroque and Classical periods by the church and a few wealthy members of European society. • Because the patron paid the composer, he/she would usually determine what kind of piece was required from the composer
- 3. How the system worked • Frequent events at court (residence of the nobility) created a demand for the regular output of new work from composers who had to supply what their patrons wanted. • The patronage system gave composers economic security.
- 4. Bach and the Patronage system • Johann Sebastian Bach was born in Eisenach, Germany, on 21st March 1685, the youngest son of Johann Ambrosius Bach, a court and town musician. • In 1708, after a succession of positions as organist and choirmaster, he became a court composer at Weimar. • In 1717 his attempts to leave his position resulted in a period of imprisonment for insubordination. • Eventually he was released from Weimar and took up a new post as director of music at the court of Cothen. • Bach's years at Cothen were initially happy and fruitful; his patron and friend, Prince Leopold, was truly musical and seems to have appreciated Bach's genius.
- 5. Mozart and the Patronage system • As a child prodigy Mozart for the royal families all over Europe. • Mozart worked as a composer for the Bishop of Salzburg but fell out of favour and moved to Vienna. • He failed to find a reliable patron after he moved to Vienna and worked as one of the first independent composers, writing music that was not specifically for a patron.
- 6. Haydn and the Patronage system • Haydn worked as a servant under the Patronage system for 30 years in the court of Estahazy. • He thrived under the system and managed to be creative under the pressure of producing symphonies and string quartets for his patron.
- 7. Does the Patronage system still exist? • The patronage system refers to a form of financial aid given to certain people in order to support their work since their work is not commonly profitable. • Today, the patronage system exist in crowd funding. For example, online creators these day could utilize website called patreon to seek people that willing to fund their projects.