The document discusses the connection between learning and memory. It explores how learning and different types of memory, such as implicit, explicit, and procedural memory, interact and allow people to learn and function. The document also examines case studies on how conditions like traumatic brain injury, disease, stress, and addiction can affect learning and memory. Various areas of the brain involved in learning and memory are discussed, such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and limbic system. The key relationship discussed is that learning and memory are interdependent processes - learning cannot occur without memory, and memories cannot be recalled or used without learning.
The document discusses various models of human memory, including sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory, implicit memory, explicit memory, and flashbulb memory. It describes the encoding, storage, and retrieval processes of memory. Several factors that can affect memory are also discussed, such as age, emotions, stress, and physical/mental health. Different methods for studying memory are outlined, including learning, relearning, reconstruction, recognition, recall, and paired association methods.
The study of human memory has been a subject of science and philosophy for thousands of years and has become one of the major topics of interest within cognitive psychology.
But what exactly is memory? How are memories formed? The following overview offers a brief look at what memory is, how it works and how it is organized.
Discuss The Reasons We Forget, And Give At Least Three...Susan Kennedy
Here is a 3 paragraph essay about the human memory model:
The human memory model involves three main processes - encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the initial processing of external or internal information taken in by our senses. It involves transforming sensory input into usable memories that can be stored by the brain. The encoding process allows us to take in information from our environment and give it meaning. Once information is encoded, it moves to the storage process.
Storage refers to the holding of information over time in the brain. There are two main types of storage - short term memory and long term memory. Short term memory can only hold a limited amount of information for a short period of time, usually 30 seconds or less. Long term memory has
What is the role of memory in learningsabirmengal1
Memory is essential for learning as it allows us to store and retrieve information. There are different types of memory like sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory that serve different functions and involve different parts of the brain. Memory is defined as the encoding, storing, and retrieving of information over time. Memories are formed through persistent changes in the strength of connections between neurons in the brain. The various types of memory are important for teachers to understand in order to help students effectively learn and retain lessons.
THEORIES OF HUMAN LEARNING AND COGNITION2THEORIES OF HUMAN LEAR.docxssusera34210
The document discusses various theories of human learning and cognition. It explores three conceptual approaches - neurological, behavioral, and cognitive. The neurological approach focuses on changes in brain structure and function. The behavioral approach examines connections between stimuli patterns and observable behaviors. The cognitive approach looks at the link between thinking and the ability to recall information. The document also examines the differences between learning and memory, with learning defined as acquiring new skills from the environment and memory as the ability to remember information. Different approaches measure learning and memory in different ways based on the conceptual focus.
The document discusses two prominent models of memory: the multi-store model and the working memory model. The multi-store model, proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin, posits that memory consists of three stores - sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory to long-term memory through encoding and rehearsal processes. The working memory model refined this by proposing separate subsystems for visual-spatial and auditory information within short-term/working memory. Both models provided a framework for understanding how information is processed and stored in memory but also had limitations that further research helped to address.
Memory involves three main stages: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding involves receiving and processing information, storage creates a permanent record of encoded information, and retrieval recalls stored information in response to cues. There are two main types of long-term memory: explicit memory which involves consciously recalling facts and experiences, and implicit memory which unconsciously influences behavior through procedural and non-declarative memories. Memory is stored throughout the brain in overlapping neural networks rather than isolated files.
The document discusses various models of human memory, including sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory, implicit memory, explicit memory, and flashbulb memory. It describes the encoding, storage, and retrieval processes of memory. Several factors that can affect memory are also discussed, such as age, emotions, stress, and physical/mental health. Different methods for studying memory are outlined, including learning, relearning, reconstruction, recognition, recall, and paired association methods.
The study of human memory has been a subject of science and philosophy for thousands of years and has become one of the major topics of interest within cognitive psychology.
But what exactly is memory? How are memories formed? The following overview offers a brief look at what memory is, how it works and how it is organized.
Discuss The Reasons We Forget, And Give At Least Three...Susan Kennedy
Here is a 3 paragraph essay about the human memory model:
The human memory model involves three main processes - encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding is the initial processing of external or internal information taken in by our senses. It involves transforming sensory input into usable memories that can be stored by the brain. The encoding process allows us to take in information from our environment and give it meaning. Once information is encoded, it moves to the storage process.
Storage refers to the holding of information over time in the brain. There are two main types of storage - short term memory and long term memory. Short term memory can only hold a limited amount of information for a short period of time, usually 30 seconds or less. Long term memory has
What is the role of memory in learningsabirmengal1
Memory is essential for learning as it allows us to store and retrieve information. There are different types of memory like sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory that serve different functions and involve different parts of the brain. Memory is defined as the encoding, storing, and retrieving of information over time. Memories are formed through persistent changes in the strength of connections between neurons in the brain. The various types of memory are important for teachers to understand in order to help students effectively learn and retain lessons.
THEORIES OF HUMAN LEARNING AND COGNITION2THEORIES OF HUMAN LEAR.docxssusera34210
The document discusses various theories of human learning and cognition. It explores three conceptual approaches - neurological, behavioral, and cognitive. The neurological approach focuses on changes in brain structure and function. The behavioral approach examines connections between stimuli patterns and observable behaviors. The cognitive approach looks at the link between thinking and the ability to recall information. The document also examines the differences between learning and memory, with learning defined as acquiring new skills from the environment and memory as the ability to remember information. Different approaches measure learning and memory in different ways based on the conceptual focus.
The document discusses two prominent models of memory: the multi-store model and the working memory model. The multi-store model, proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin, posits that memory consists of three stores - sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory. Information moves from sensory memory to short-term memory to long-term memory through encoding and rehearsal processes. The working memory model refined this by proposing separate subsystems for visual-spatial and auditory information within short-term/working memory. Both models provided a framework for understanding how information is processed and stored in memory but also had limitations that further research helped to address.
Memory involves three main stages: encoding, storage, and retrieval. Encoding involves receiving and processing information, storage creates a permanent record of encoded information, and retrieval recalls stored information in response to cues. There are two main types of long-term memory: explicit memory which involves consciously recalling facts and experiences, and implicit memory which unconsciously influences behavior through procedural and non-declarative memories. Memory is stored throughout the brain in overlapping neural networks rather than isolated files.
Please provide answer, write program in Prolog for the following.docxcherry686017
Please provide answer, write program in Prolog for the following rules and facts.
RULES:
Use the rules on "When to Seek Medical Attention" from
carona virus
Watch for symptoms
People with COVID-19 have had a wide range of symptoms reported - ranging from mild symptoms to severe illness.
These symptoms may appear
2-14 days after exposure to the virus:
Fever
Cough
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Chills
Repeated shaking with chills
Muscle pain
Headache
Sore throat
New loss of taste or smell
When to Seek Medical Attention
If you develop any of these
emergency warning signs*
for COVID-19 get
medical attention immediately:
Trouble breathing
Persistent pain or pressure in the chest
New confusion or inability to arouse
Bluish lips or face
*This list is not all inclusive. Please consult your medical provider for any other symptoms that are severe or concerning to you.
FACTS
John has Fever, Cough and Trouble breathing
Amanda has Fever, Cough and Sore throat
.
Please provide references for your original postings in APA form.docxcherry686017
Please provide references for your original postings in APA format. 300 Words with proper references.
What do you think is the best combination of the types of authentication? Is that type of authentication appropriate for all types of access?
Some have made the argument that using WEP presents more security issues than if all traffic were in the clear. What do you think?
.
Please provide reference in APARequired FormatTitle Page AP.docxcherry686017
Please provide reference in APA
Required Format:
Title Page APA Format
Introduction
Concept of Systems Thinking (
Level 1 APA Heading
)
Difference Between Systems Thinking and Silo Thinking
(Level 1 APA Heading)
Applying Systems Thinking in My Work Environment
(Level 1 APA Heading)
Conclusion
1. Explain and discuss the concept of systems thinking.
2. Explain and give an example of the difference between silo thinking and systems thinking
3. Provide one example of where you could apply systems thinking that would positively affect your current work environment.
.
Please post here your chosen topic and information about why y.docxcherry686017
Please post here your chosen topic and information about why you chose it. Note: it must be a NON-INFECTIOUS agent (with few exceptions and it cannot be what you chose for discussion 2), so it cannot be caused by an organism. Please review the syllabus for more details.
A reminder from the syllabus:
The disease or disorder should not be a common disease that has already addressed in our course. With rare exception, it should not be an infectious disease (caused by an infectious organism).
Common diseases should be AVOIDED, including coronary artery disease, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, diabetes, AIDS, hypo- and hyper-thyroidism, hypertension, psoriasis, sleep apnea, Lyme’s Disease, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, mononucleosis, asthma, urinary tract infections, many STDs (check with your instructor), irritable bowel disease, strep throat, MRSA, polio, tuberculosis, Lockjaw, anorexia nervosa, autism, Down syndrome, and many cancers (check with your instructor).
The information you present should include sufficient detail to demonstrate that you have completed some preliminary research and should present a clear rationale for your choice.
If you're struggling with ideas, think of something you or someone you know may be dealing with. Or perhaps take a look at webMD and see if you find something interesting. Or watch a medical show, like The Good Doctor.
Please change your Title of your discussion post to the name of the disease.
.
Please pick your favorite article from Ms Magazine and do a one.docxcherry686017
Please pick your favorite article from
Ms Magazine
and do a one page (double spaced) write up of how it relates to what you have learned so far in this class
( something under one of these topics: what women's studies \ What is sex ? what is Gender \ secrets of masculinity and Femininity \ theories about the construction of gender \ intersectionality)
.
Please provide discussion of the following1. Weyerhaeuser made .docxcherry686017
Please provide discussion of the following:
1. Weyerhaeuser made a one-year commitment to help their employees living in New Orleans who were victims of Katrina. What types of assistance was provided under this commitment and what impact did it have on the lives of those most affected?
2. Please research and provide an overview of a company that provided assistance to the one of our more recent, natural events.
.
Please provide a summary of the key learning from the chapter. The .docxcherry686017
Please provide a summary of the key learning from the chapter. The summary is expected to be a simple write up, can be free form, and should include:
Brief
description in written form of the concepts that you have learned form reading the chapter.
If you wish (but not mandatory) and
if applicable
, you can cite examples that may illustrate some of the concepts. Examples can be from your our work, academia, experience, other organizations, etc.
There is
No Need
to summarize any of the formulas, graphs, tables, workflows, etc.
Summary should be
concise
and should fit on
No More Than One Page
.
Summary can entered in Canvas, posted or emailed as a document file typed in Microsoft Word, Powerpoint, or any other media that you choose.
.
Please pay close attention to the highlighted areas Please answe.docxcherry686017
Please pay close attention to the highlighted areas
Please answer all questions that are highlighted in red
Please write two full and complete pages
Cite your sources
Please use more of your own words than other authors
The job of the Supreme Court is to apply the Constitution, not to make public policy. That means that if they're doing their job, the specific outcomes of the decision shouldn't be a factor in their decision. That's why, sometimes, bad guys go free because the police violated a rule that protects all of us in we're accused of wrongdoing. Free speech can also be troublesome. It sounds a lot better in theory than it sometimes turns out in practice.
Find a Supreme Court case called Elonis v. United States (Links to an external site.).
What can you say and not say on social media? Where does your freedom of speech end and become a specific threat to another person?
Read about the case and write a 2 - 5 page essay telling your reader what the case was about, what the court majority decided and why. If you were a Supreme Court Justice, what would your decision have been and why?
Submit in Word. Cite your sources.
Resources
The SCOTUS blog is always a great place to start: http://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/elonis-v-united-states/ (Links to an external site.)
The Cornell Law School also: https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/cert/13-983 (Links to an external site.)
As always, the New York Times is a great resource for Supreme Court cases: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/02/us/supreme-court-rules-in-anthony-elonis-online-threats-case.html (Links to an external site.)
.
Please pay attention to the topicZero Plagiarisfive referenc.docxcherry686017
Please pay attention to the topic
Zero Plagiaris
five references
Post
an explanation of whether psychotherapy has a biological basis. Explain how culture, religion, and socioeconomics might influence one’s perspective of the value of psychotherapy treatments. Support your rationale with evidence-based literature.
Wheeler, K. (Eds.). (2014).
Psychotherapy for the advanced practice psychiatric nurse: A how-to guide for evidence-based practice
(2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company
.
PLEASE OPEN THE ATTACH MENTWhen a dietary supplement is consid.docxcherry686017
PLEASE OPEN THE ATTACH MENT
When a dietary supplement is considered food and when is it considered a drug? Describe in detail why and when someone would need to take a dietary supplement. Is monitoring your nutritional intake important? Why or Why not? Please provide examples in paragraph form. What is your perception of a healthy diet, why and what does it consist of?
.
Please make sure that it is your own work and not copy and paste. Wa.docxcherry686017
Please make sure that it is your own work and not copy and paste. Watch out for grammar errors and spelling errors. Use the APA format.
Book Refernce: Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2019).
Organizational behavior
(18th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson.
How do you distinguish between attitudes and moods? What is one example that supports your position? As you address the question, you are to consider how outside sources might be used to support your position.
.
please no plagiarism, 5 pages and fallow the rubic Quantitat.docxcherry686017
please no plagiarism, 5 pages and fallow the rubic
Quantitative Research Design. Rigor and Validity in Quantitative Research.
Title Page: Title of article, journal information and your name and date
1 point
Your score
Abstract: Brief summary of article (1-2 paragraphs)
1 points
The Problem: (2 or 3 paragraphs)
Is the problem clearly stated?
Is the problem practically important?
What is the purpose of the study?
What is the hypothesis?
Are the key terms defined?
3 points
Review of Literature: (1 -2 paragraphs)
Are the cited sources pertinent to the study?
Is the review too broad or too narrow?
Are the references recent?
Is there any evidence of bias?
2 points
Design and Procedures: (3-4 paragraphs)
What research methodology was used?
Was it a replica study or an original study?
What measurement tools were used?
How were the procedures structures?
Was a pilot study conducted?
What are the variables?
How was sampling performed?
3 points
Data analysis and Presentation: (1 - 2 paragraphs)
2 points
How was data analyzed?
Did findings support the hypothesis and purpose?
Were weaknesses and problems discussed?
Conclusions and Implications: (2-3 paragraphs)
3 points
Are the conclusions of the study related to the original purpose?
Were the implications discussed?
Whom the results and conclusions will affect?
What recommendations were made at the conclusion?
What is your overall assessment of the study and the article?
Total
15 points
(100%)
Grade
.
Please make sure to follow the below.Please note that this is .docxcherry686017
Please make sure to follow the below.
Please note that this is a formal writing, all references (peer-reviewed) mostly must be cited appropriately within the text.
Clearly avoid plagiarism.
The paper should have a minimum of 10 pages, 1.5 spacing and Times New Roman font.
A minimum of 5 peer review references must be provided.
Reference style is APA.
.
Please make revision in the prospectus checklist assignment base.docxcherry686017
Please make revision in the prospectus checklist assignment based on my professor feedback. For now, she wants to only focus on (1) the problem statement, (2) the practice focus question, (3) the social change.
I’m also attaching a copy of the previous prospectus draft which the professor returned to me with her feedback. Also, I included an outline of the project in the file section (see attached file).
Include as many scholarly references (at least 10) as needed and cite often.
APA format required.
Due on Sunday 10/06/19 by 12pm America/New York time.
.
Please note research can NOT be on organization related to minors, i.docxcherry686017
Please note research can NOT be on organization related to minors, incarcerated individuals or mental health co morbidities. Research a selected local, national, or global nonprofit organization or government agency to determine how it contributes to public health and safety improvements, promotes equal opportunity, and improves the quality of life within the community. Submit your findings in a 3-5 page report.
As you begin to prepare this assessment, it would be an excellent choice to complete the Nonprofit Organizations and Community Health activity. Complete this activity to gain insight into promoting equal opportunity and improving the quality of life in a community. The information gained from completing this activity will help you succeed with the assessment.
Professional Context
Many organizations work to better local and global communities' quality of life and promote health and safety in times of crisis. As public health and safety advocates, nurses must be cognizant of how such organizations help certain populations. As change agents, nurses must be aware of factors that impact the organization and the services that it offers. Familiarity with these organizations enables the nurse to offer assistance as a volunteer and source of referral.
This assessment provides an opportunity for you gain insight into the mission, vision, and operations of a community services organization of interest.
Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:
Competency 1: Analyze health risks and health care needs among distinct populations.
Explain how an organization’s work impacts the health and/or safety needs of a local community.
Competency 2: Propose health promotion strategies to improve the health of populations.
Explain how an organization’s mission and vision enable it to contribute to public health and safety improvements.
Competency 3: Evaluate health policies, based on their ability to achieve desired outcomes.
Assess the impact of funding sources, policy, and legislation on an organization’s provision of services.
Competency 4: Integrate principles of social justice in community health interventions.
Evaluate an organization’s ability to promote equal opportunity and improve the quality of life within a community.
Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead health promotion and improve population health.
Write clearly and concisely in a logically coherent and appropriate form and style.
Note:
Complete the assessments in this course in the order in which they are presented.
Preparation
Assume you are interested in expanding your role as a nurse and are considering working in an area where you can help to promote equal opportunity and improve the quality of life within the local or global community. You are aware of the work .
please no plagiarism our class uses Turnitin You are expected to pr.docxcherry686017
please no plagiarism our class uses Turnitin You are expected to provide supporting details for your responses; that support may come from the points covered in the readings and additional external research all source must be cited and listed (
appropriately cited
) in APA
.
Please know that the score is just a ball-park and d.docxcherry686017
Please know that the score is just a ball-park and doesn't represent a grade that would be equivalent to a final paper. I suggest reviewing this as well as the prompt / student samples again.
Hi, this has potential -- the evidence is apparent. Remember this is
Summary, not….lists, and it must be clear where the evidence is from via source attribution.
company name / job -- title?
source?
I have not idea where this evidence is from
oh, boy - -this is way off. making a list is not part of the assignment / summary is with source attribution
I don't mind a table or chart but where is it from and what is the purpose of it.
I'm not seeing a government source
Field Research Project
ORIGINALITY REPORT
12%
SIMILARITY INDEX
5%
INTERNET SOURCES
0%
PUBLICATIONS
9%
STUDENT PAPERS
PRIMARY SOURCES
(
1
) (
3
)Submitted to Florida International University
Student Paper %
www.l3harris.com
(
2
) (
3
) (
3
) (
2
%
)Internet Source %
Submitted to Embry Riddle Aeronautical University
(
1
)Student Paper
Submitted to Florida Institute of Technology
(
4
)Student Paper %
www.electricalengineer.com
(
5
) (
1
)Internet Source %
www.wsj.com
(
6
) (
7
) (
1
) (
1
%
)Internet Source %
Submitted to Southern State Community College
Student Paper
Exclude quotes On Exclude bibliography On
Exclude matches < 5 words
Field Research Project
GRADEMARK REPORT
FINAL GRADE
8/10
GENERAL COMMENTS
Instructor
PAGE 1
Text Comment. Please know that the score is just a ball-park and doesn't represent a grade that would be equivalent to a final paper. I suggest reviewing this as well as the prompt / student examples again.
Text Comment. Eisa, this has potential -- the evidence is apparent. Remember this is summary, not...lists, and it must be clear where the evidence is from via source attribution.
PAGE 2
Text Comment. company name / job -- title?
Text Comment. source?
Text Comment. I have not idea where this evidence is from
Text Comment. oh, boy - -this is way off. making a list is not part of the assignment / summary is with source attribution
PAGE 3
Text Comment. I don't mind a table or chart but where is it from and what is the purpose of it.
PAGE 4
PAGE 5
PAGE 6
Text Comment. I'm not seeing a government source
PAGE 7
RUBRIC: 305 REVISED RESEARCH
RESEARCH (30%)
0 / 100
0 / 100
Level of sources' quality, relevance & usefulness in helping to target future resume, and cover letter or graduate school statement.
AMAZING (100)
EXCELLENT (95)
PRETTY GOOD (90)
GOOD (85)
BETTER THAN ADEQUATE (80)
ADEQUATE (75)
MUCH REVISION NEEDED
(70)
INADEQUATE (65)
NO PASSION (60)
DOCUMENTATION (30%) 0 / 100
Level of proficiency in providing accurate & consistent quote and reference attribution, both within written text and in source listing at end.
AMAZING (100)
EXCELLENT (95)
PRETTY GOOD (90)
GOOD (85)
BETTER THAN ADEQUATE
(80)
ADEQUATE (75)
MUCH REV.
Please note that the Reflections must have 1. MLA format-.docxcherry686017
Please note that the Reflections must have:
1. MLA format-look up the link if you are not sure
2. Single spaced the entire assignment or page
3. One page only
4. Times New Roman, font 12
5. Quotations with page numbers
6. Point and Explanations do not have the author's name in it.
Be careful. I will deduct a point for each error. If you don't single space your writing, I will not read it.
.
Please make sure you talk about the following (IMO)internati.docxcherry686017
Please make sure you talk about the following
* (IMO)international maritime law institute
* historical background
* Concept of Maritime law
*The principle provision of modern law
* Territorial seas
* Contiguous zone
.
Please provide answer, write program in Prolog for the following.docxcherry686017
Please provide answer, write program in Prolog for the following rules and facts.
RULES:
Use the rules on "When to Seek Medical Attention" from
carona virus
Watch for symptoms
People with COVID-19 have had a wide range of symptoms reported - ranging from mild symptoms to severe illness.
These symptoms may appear
2-14 days after exposure to the virus:
Fever
Cough
Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Chills
Repeated shaking with chills
Muscle pain
Headache
Sore throat
New loss of taste or smell
When to Seek Medical Attention
If you develop any of these
emergency warning signs*
for COVID-19 get
medical attention immediately:
Trouble breathing
Persistent pain or pressure in the chest
New confusion or inability to arouse
Bluish lips or face
*This list is not all inclusive. Please consult your medical provider for any other symptoms that are severe or concerning to you.
FACTS
John has Fever, Cough and Trouble breathing
Amanda has Fever, Cough and Sore throat
.
Please provide references for your original postings in APA form.docxcherry686017
Please provide references for your original postings in APA format. 300 Words with proper references.
What do you think is the best combination of the types of authentication? Is that type of authentication appropriate for all types of access?
Some have made the argument that using WEP presents more security issues than if all traffic were in the clear. What do you think?
.
Please provide reference in APARequired FormatTitle Page AP.docxcherry686017
Please provide reference in APA
Required Format:
Title Page APA Format
Introduction
Concept of Systems Thinking (
Level 1 APA Heading
)
Difference Between Systems Thinking and Silo Thinking
(Level 1 APA Heading)
Applying Systems Thinking in My Work Environment
(Level 1 APA Heading)
Conclusion
1. Explain and discuss the concept of systems thinking.
2. Explain and give an example of the difference between silo thinking and systems thinking
3. Provide one example of where you could apply systems thinking that would positively affect your current work environment.
.
Please post here your chosen topic and information about why y.docxcherry686017
Please post here your chosen topic and information about why you chose it. Note: it must be a NON-INFECTIOUS agent (with few exceptions and it cannot be what you chose for discussion 2), so it cannot be caused by an organism. Please review the syllabus for more details.
A reminder from the syllabus:
The disease or disorder should not be a common disease that has already addressed in our course. With rare exception, it should not be an infectious disease (caused by an infectious organism).
Common diseases should be AVOIDED, including coronary artery disease, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis, diabetes, AIDS, hypo- and hyper-thyroidism, hypertension, psoriasis, sleep apnea, Lyme’s Disease, sinusitis, allergic rhinitis, mononucleosis, asthma, urinary tract infections, many STDs (check with your instructor), irritable bowel disease, strep throat, MRSA, polio, tuberculosis, Lockjaw, anorexia nervosa, autism, Down syndrome, and many cancers (check with your instructor).
The information you present should include sufficient detail to demonstrate that you have completed some preliminary research and should present a clear rationale for your choice.
If you're struggling with ideas, think of something you or someone you know may be dealing with. Or perhaps take a look at webMD and see if you find something interesting. Or watch a medical show, like The Good Doctor.
Please change your Title of your discussion post to the name of the disease.
.
Please pick your favorite article from Ms Magazine and do a one.docxcherry686017
Please pick your favorite article from
Ms Magazine
and do a one page (double spaced) write up of how it relates to what you have learned so far in this class
( something under one of these topics: what women's studies \ What is sex ? what is Gender \ secrets of masculinity and Femininity \ theories about the construction of gender \ intersectionality)
.
Please provide discussion of the following1. Weyerhaeuser made .docxcherry686017
Please provide discussion of the following:
1. Weyerhaeuser made a one-year commitment to help their employees living in New Orleans who were victims of Katrina. What types of assistance was provided under this commitment and what impact did it have on the lives of those most affected?
2. Please research and provide an overview of a company that provided assistance to the one of our more recent, natural events.
.
Please provide a summary of the key learning from the chapter. The .docxcherry686017
Please provide a summary of the key learning from the chapter. The summary is expected to be a simple write up, can be free form, and should include:
Brief
description in written form of the concepts that you have learned form reading the chapter.
If you wish (but not mandatory) and
if applicable
, you can cite examples that may illustrate some of the concepts. Examples can be from your our work, academia, experience, other organizations, etc.
There is
No Need
to summarize any of the formulas, graphs, tables, workflows, etc.
Summary should be
concise
and should fit on
No More Than One Page
.
Summary can entered in Canvas, posted or emailed as a document file typed in Microsoft Word, Powerpoint, or any other media that you choose.
.
Please pay close attention to the highlighted areas Please answe.docxcherry686017
Please pay close attention to the highlighted areas
Please answer all questions that are highlighted in red
Please write two full and complete pages
Cite your sources
Please use more of your own words than other authors
The job of the Supreme Court is to apply the Constitution, not to make public policy. That means that if they're doing their job, the specific outcomes of the decision shouldn't be a factor in their decision. That's why, sometimes, bad guys go free because the police violated a rule that protects all of us in we're accused of wrongdoing. Free speech can also be troublesome. It sounds a lot better in theory than it sometimes turns out in practice.
Find a Supreme Court case called Elonis v. United States (Links to an external site.).
What can you say and not say on social media? Where does your freedom of speech end and become a specific threat to another person?
Read about the case and write a 2 - 5 page essay telling your reader what the case was about, what the court majority decided and why. If you were a Supreme Court Justice, what would your decision have been and why?
Submit in Word. Cite your sources.
Resources
The SCOTUS blog is always a great place to start: http://www.scotusblog.com/case-files/cases/elonis-v-united-states/ (Links to an external site.)
The Cornell Law School also: https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/cert/13-983 (Links to an external site.)
As always, the New York Times is a great resource for Supreme Court cases: http://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/02/us/supreme-court-rules-in-anthony-elonis-online-threats-case.html (Links to an external site.)
.
Please pay attention to the topicZero Plagiarisfive referenc.docxcherry686017
Please pay attention to the topic
Zero Plagiaris
five references
Post
an explanation of whether psychotherapy has a biological basis. Explain how culture, religion, and socioeconomics might influence one’s perspective of the value of psychotherapy treatments. Support your rationale with evidence-based literature.
Wheeler, K. (Eds.). (2014).
Psychotherapy for the advanced practice psychiatric nurse: A how-to guide for evidence-based practice
(2nd ed.). New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company
.
PLEASE OPEN THE ATTACH MENTWhen a dietary supplement is consid.docxcherry686017
PLEASE OPEN THE ATTACH MENT
When a dietary supplement is considered food and when is it considered a drug? Describe in detail why and when someone would need to take a dietary supplement. Is monitoring your nutritional intake important? Why or Why not? Please provide examples in paragraph form. What is your perception of a healthy diet, why and what does it consist of?
.
Please make sure that it is your own work and not copy and paste. Wa.docxcherry686017
Please make sure that it is your own work and not copy and paste. Watch out for grammar errors and spelling errors. Use the APA format.
Book Refernce: Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2019).
Organizational behavior
(18th ed.). New York, NY: Pearson.
How do you distinguish between attitudes and moods? What is one example that supports your position? As you address the question, you are to consider how outside sources might be used to support your position.
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please no plagiarism, 5 pages and fallow the rubic Quantitat.docxcherry686017
please no plagiarism, 5 pages and fallow the rubic
Quantitative Research Design. Rigor and Validity in Quantitative Research.
Title Page: Title of article, journal information and your name and date
1 point
Your score
Abstract: Brief summary of article (1-2 paragraphs)
1 points
The Problem: (2 or 3 paragraphs)
Is the problem clearly stated?
Is the problem practically important?
What is the purpose of the study?
What is the hypothesis?
Are the key terms defined?
3 points
Review of Literature: (1 -2 paragraphs)
Are the cited sources pertinent to the study?
Is the review too broad or too narrow?
Are the references recent?
Is there any evidence of bias?
2 points
Design and Procedures: (3-4 paragraphs)
What research methodology was used?
Was it a replica study or an original study?
What measurement tools were used?
How were the procedures structures?
Was a pilot study conducted?
What are the variables?
How was sampling performed?
3 points
Data analysis and Presentation: (1 - 2 paragraphs)
2 points
How was data analyzed?
Did findings support the hypothesis and purpose?
Were weaknesses and problems discussed?
Conclusions and Implications: (2-3 paragraphs)
3 points
Are the conclusions of the study related to the original purpose?
Were the implications discussed?
Whom the results and conclusions will affect?
What recommendations were made at the conclusion?
What is your overall assessment of the study and the article?
Total
15 points
(100%)
Grade
.
Please make sure to follow the below.Please note that this is .docxcherry686017
Please make sure to follow the below.
Please note that this is a formal writing, all references (peer-reviewed) mostly must be cited appropriately within the text.
Clearly avoid plagiarism.
The paper should have a minimum of 10 pages, 1.5 spacing and Times New Roman font.
A minimum of 5 peer review references must be provided.
Reference style is APA.
.
Please make revision in the prospectus checklist assignment base.docxcherry686017
Please make revision in the prospectus checklist assignment based on my professor feedback. For now, she wants to only focus on (1) the problem statement, (2) the practice focus question, (3) the social change.
I’m also attaching a copy of the previous prospectus draft which the professor returned to me with her feedback. Also, I included an outline of the project in the file section (see attached file).
Include as many scholarly references (at least 10) as needed and cite often.
APA format required.
Due on Sunday 10/06/19 by 12pm America/New York time.
.
Please note research can NOT be on organization related to minors, i.docxcherry686017
Please note research can NOT be on organization related to minors, incarcerated individuals or mental health co morbidities. Research a selected local, national, or global nonprofit organization or government agency to determine how it contributes to public health and safety improvements, promotes equal opportunity, and improves the quality of life within the community. Submit your findings in a 3-5 page report.
As you begin to prepare this assessment, it would be an excellent choice to complete the Nonprofit Organizations and Community Health activity. Complete this activity to gain insight into promoting equal opportunity and improving the quality of life in a community. The information gained from completing this activity will help you succeed with the assessment.
Professional Context
Many organizations work to better local and global communities' quality of life and promote health and safety in times of crisis. As public health and safety advocates, nurses must be cognizant of how such organizations help certain populations. As change agents, nurses must be aware of factors that impact the organization and the services that it offers. Familiarity with these organizations enables the nurse to offer assistance as a volunteer and source of referral.
This assessment provides an opportunity for you gain insight into the mission, vision, and operations of a community services organization of interest.
Demonstration of Proficiency
By successfully completing this assessment, you will demonstrate your proficiency in the following course competencies and assessment criteria:
Competency 1: Analyze health risks and health care needs among distinct populations.
Explain how an organization’s work impacts the health and/or safety needs of a local community.
Competency 2: Propose health promotion strategies to improve the health of populations.
Explain how an organization’s mission and vision enable it to contribute to public health and safety improvements.
Competency 3: Evaluate health policies, based on their ability to achieve desired outcomes.
Assess the impact of funding sources, policy, and legislation on an organization’s provision of services.
Competency 4: Integrate principles of social justice in community health interventions.
Evaluate an organization’s ability to promote equal opportunity and improve the quality of life within a community.
Competency 5: Apply professional, scholarly communication strategies to lead health promotion and improve population health.
Write clearly and concisely in a logically coherent and appropriate form and style.
Note:
Complete the assessments in this course in the order in which they are presented.
Preparation
Assume you are interested in expanding your role as a nurse and are considering working in an area where you can help to promote equal opportunity and improve the quality of life within the local or global community. You are aware of the work .
please no plagiarism our class uses Turnitin You are expected to pr.docxcherry686017
please no plagiarism our class uses Turnitin You are expected to provide supporting details for your responses; that support may come from the points covered in the readings and additional external research all source must be cited and listed (
appropriately cited
) in APA
.
Please know that the score is just a ball-park and d.docxcherry686017
Please know that the score is just a ball-park and doesn't represent a grade that would be equivalent to a final paper. I suggest reviewing this as well as the prompt / student samples again.
Hi, this has potential -- the evidence is apparent. Remember this is
Summary, not….lists, and it must be clear where the evidence is from via source attribution.
company name / job -- title?
source?
I have not idea where this evidence is from
oh, boy - -this is way off. making a list is not part of the assignment / summary is with source attribution
I don't mind a table or chart but where is it from and what is the purpose of it.
I'm not seeing a government source
Field Research Project
ORIGINALITY REPORT
12%
SIMILARITY INDEX
5%
INTERNET SOURCES
0%
PUBLICATIONS
9%
STUDENT PAPERS
PRIMARY SOURCES
(
1
) (
3
)Submitted to Florida International University
Student Paper %
www.l3harris.com
(
2
) (
3
) (
3
) (
2
%
)Internet Source %
Submitted to Embry Riddle Aeronautical University
(
1
)Student Paper
Submitted to Florida Institute of Technology
(
4
)Student Paper %
www.electricalengineer.com
(
5
) (
1
)Internet Source %
www.wsj.com
(
6
) (
7
) (
1
) (
1
%
)Internet Source %
Submitted to Southern State Community College
Student Paper
Exclude quotes On Exclude bibliography On
Exclude matches < 5 words
Field Research Project
GRADEMARK REPORT
FINAL GRADE
8/10
GENERAL COMMENTS
Instructor
PAGE 1
Text Comment. Please know that the score is just a ball-park and doesn't represent a grade that would be equivalent to a final paper. I suggest reviewing this as well as the prompt / student examples again.
Text Comment. Eisa, this has potential -- the evidence is apparent. Remember this is summary, not...lists, and it must be clear where the evidence is from via source attribution.
PAGE 2
Text Comment. company name / job -- title?
Text Comment. source?
Text Comment. I have not idea where this evidence is from
Text Comment. oh, boy - -this is way off. making a list is not part of the assignment / summary is with source attribution
PAGE 3
Text Comment. I don't mind a table or chart but where is it from and what is the purpose of it.
PAGE 4
PAGE 5
PAGE 6
Text Comment. I'm not seeing a government source
PAGE 7
RUBRIC: 305 REVISED RESEARCH
RESEARCH (30%)
0 / 100
0 / 100
Level of sources' quality, relevance & usefulness in helping to target future resume, and cover letter or graduate school statement.
AMAZING (100)
EXCELLENT (95)
PRETTY GOOD (90)
GOOD (85)
BETTER THAN ADEQUATE (80)
ADEQUATE (75)
MUCH REVISION NEEDED
(70)
INADEQUATE (65)
NO PASSION (60)
DOCUMENTATION (30%) 0 / 100
Level of proficiency in providing accurate & consistent quote and reference attribution, both within written text and in source listing at end.
AMAZING (100)
EXCELLENT (95)
PRETTY GOOD (90)
GOOD (85)
BETTER THAN ADEQUATE
(80)
ADEQUATE (75)
MUCH REV.
Please note that the Reflections must have 1. MLA format-.docxcherry686017
Please note that the Reflections must have:
1. MLA format-look up the link if you are not sure
2. Single spaced the entire assignment or page
3. One page only
4. Times New Roman, font 12
5. Quotations with page numbers
6. Point and Explanations do not have the author's name in it.
Be careful. I will deduct a point for each error. If you don't single space your writing, I will not read it.
.
Please make sure you talk about the following (IMO)internati.docxcherry686017
Please make sure you talk about the following
* (IMO)international maritime law institute
* historical background
* Concept of Maritime law
*The principle provision of modern law
* Territorial seas
* Contiguous zone
.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and InclusionTechSoup
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
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Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
The Learning and Memory ConnectionKimberly Kocak, Pamela Fogle.docx
1. The Learning and Memory Connection
Kimberly Kocak, Pamela Foglesong, Brianna Duda, Lizette
Villavicencio, Maisha Wade
PSY/340
June 8, 2015
Dr. Purvi Patel
Memory and Learning
Memory and learning perform a complicated dance
involving multiple areas of the brain. Memory and Learning
can be affected by numerous events from Traumatic Brain
Injury (TBI), disease and stress, just to name a few. Memory is
implicit for learning but we have many different kinds of
memory and learning. We have implicit memory, explicit
memory, procedural memory, episodic memory, long-term and
short-term, sensory, sematic and working memories. Each play
a role in how we learn and interact with the world and view our
past, present and future. In this presentation we will explore
some of the interactions between memory and learning, look at
a few case studies and talk about types of treatments that are
available, depending on the area and extent of damage to certain
parts of the brain.
http://psychcentral.com/news/2008/03/12/stress-affects-
learning-and-memory/2031.html/ Image
2
Neuroanatomy of Learning and Memory
How do we learn?
Amygdala: An almond shaped mass of nuclei that is associated
2. with emotions, aggression, and memory. The amygdala receives
input about stimuli associated by learning with primary
reinforcers.
Hippocampus: The hippocampus is useful in learning a certain
amount of information. According to
Rolls (2000), “the hippocampus does appear to
be necessary to learn certain types of information, which have
been characterized as declarative, or
knowing that, as contrasted or procedural,
or knowing how, which is pared in amnesia.”
Learning is a behavior, in which an individual acquires
information. Learning is obtaining knowledge, in which the
brain is able to retain and store away. In order for knowledge to
be stored away, it needs memory, so, without memory, learning
would not be possible. “Not only does the amygdala receive
information about primary reinforcers (such as taste and touch),
but it also receives inputs about stimuli (e.g. visual ones) that
can be associated by learning with primary reinforcers” (Rolls,
2000). Primary reinforcers are used within operant conditioning
(learning technique), which are used as a reward for a specific
behavior. Primary reinfrocers do not need to be learned,
meaning, they come naturally.
3
Neuroanatomy of Learning and Memory
How do we remember?
The limbic system is important in the role of learning and
memory. The two major parts of the limbic system responsible
for memory include: amygdala and hippocampus.
“Small to moderate amounts of cortisol activate the amygdala
and hippocampus, where they enhance the storage and
consolidation of recent experiences” (Kalat, 2013). Cortisol is
3. an important part of storing memories.
The limbic system is located on both sides of the thalamus,
under the cerebrum. The hippocampus is important for the recall
of facts and events. The limbic system is responsible for an
individual’s emotions and memories. The hippocampus is
important in converting retained information from short-term
memory into long-term memory. When the hippocampus is
damaged, a person is unable to retain new memories. The
anatomy of the brain can do more than just retain information, it
can also store away that information for when it needs to be
remembered. The hippocampus is located within the temporal
lobe, which is related to the development of memories. The
hippocampus is important in converting retained information
from short-term memory into long-term memory. “One
hemisphere, usually the left, is functionally dominant,
controlling language and speech. The other hemisphere
interprets visual and spatial information” (cerebrum, 2015).
4
Neural Processes Related to Learning and Memory
The brain is made up of about 100 billion neurons, which
receive and transmit information to other neurons, in which
neurons receive and transmit information through the help of
axons and synapses.
Knowledge is passed from one neuron to another by axons that
travel along synapses, which is then stored in short- term
memory. “Researchers proposed that all information initially
entered a short-term storage, where it stayed until the brain had
time to consolidate it into long-term memory”(Kalat, 2013).
4. The process in which information makes its way to long-term
memory can occur in seconds, but sometimes, as people become
distracted, information can be lost forever. As the information
is being transmitted across the neuron’s axons, some
information can be lost, which is why, as we try to recall
memories, we sometimes cannot remember it all. Once the
information has made its way to long-term memory, the more
frequently that information is processed the more our brains can
store and remember the information. Neuroplatiscity is changes
in neural pathways; pathways that connect parts of the brain.
Changes within neural pathways can be a result of an
individual’s environment, behavior, thinking, etc.
5
A Functional Perspective: Learning and Memory
Acquiring Skills and Knowledge
Learning can be permanent and come about in many ways.
Requires many types of stimuli and may or may not help form
memories.
Recollection of Acquisitions
Memory cannot occur without learning
Can be formed over a long or short period of time and recalled
in various forms
Emotional memories are often the strongest, regardless of
positive or negative. (Wesson, 2012). One may listen without
remembering, and one may remember without recalling how
they originally learned that information. Learning and memory
correlate functionally because without the ability to hold
memories, learning would be impossible. In addition, without
the ability to learn, there would be no memories to recall.
5. Learning is the process of acquiring skills and knowledge, while
memory is the process of recalling what has been learned. Many
times we can make memories without noticing. When we try to
learn something, such as class work, the stimuli we encounter
via reading and listening, helps to form memories. We can then
later recall what we previously heard, read, or saw, certainly
easier than we could without the ability to form memories. The
most important part of the relationship between learning and
memories, is the functional concept that one cannot work
without the other. The concept of learning and forming
memories encompasses much more than remembering where you
left your keys. Rather, it helps people navigate the world in a
way that allows to neurological growth and development.
Wesson, K. (2012, March 1). LEARNING & MEMORY: How
Do We Remember and Why Do We Often Forget? Retrieved
June 4, 2015, from http://brainworldmagazine.com/learning-
memory-how-do-we-remember-and-why-do-we-often-forget/
6
Memory and Learning are Interdependent
People with memory loss (amnesia) still have learning abilities
through a type of memory called Procedural Memory, the ability
to develop motor skills. Having motor skills allows you to learn
new things. (Kalat, 2013)
Examples of Procedural Memory:
Riding a bike
Using a fork
Putting on shoes
The examples described all end with a person learning how to
master the task.
Henry Molaison was able to learn how to read backwards, he
knew he could do this but was not aware of how he learned this
6. skill. Other people have also been able to learn skills enough to
even get basic jobs or jobs that require a person do a repetitive
task on a daily basis. (Kalat, 2013) Procedural memory is often
called nondeclarative memory.
7
“Performance improves in normal individuals for several days
(circles). H.M. also improved (boxes), indicating that his ability
to learn this type of procedural nondeclarative memory was
intact, despite the fact that he was unable to form declarative
memories of the task. That is, every day, he had no memory of
the tester or testing situation and required new instructions as to
what the rules were.”(Lombroso,2008)
Matteofarinella.wordpress.com
Any damage to the hippocampus can affect the memory
depending on the extent of the damage or if it is removed
the results can be memory loss which can also affect the
learning abilities of the person.
The picture above shows the improvement of H.M over a period
of four days doing a task and showing improvement. The picture
shows that in fact those with memory loss can learn motor
skills. H.M had to be reminded daily of the instructions on how
to do the task since he didn’t remember again showing an
improvement in motor skills. (Lombroso,2008)
8
Learning
Learning is associated with different types of Memory
Paired-associate Learning – requires learning associations
7. between previously
unrelated pairings of stimuli is thought to engage
declarative memory.
(Poldrack, 2001) Declarative memory is also known
as Procedural
memory.
Fear Conditioning Learning is similar to classical
conditioning but the reward is not pleasant but it’s
rather painful. This type of learning is associated
with nondeclarative memory. (Lombroso, 2008)
Feed-back based learning in this type of learning the
person is given a task but
the researcher gives clues to cue the person to
respond. (Poldrack, 2001) This type of learning is
associated with declarative memory.
Delayed matching-to-sample task or nonmatching- in this
type of learning the subject is presented with a choice
to pick the correct answer and on the nonmatching the
subject needs to identify the opposite. Both are
associated with declarative memory. (Kalat,2013)
Just like in Pavlov’s classical conditioning in fear conditioning
the subject which tends to be animals or more specific rodents
learn to associate and memorize the specific tone with pain and
not food like classical. Although it’s not the best type of
learning we can still see that memory and learning is
interdependent. Spatial memory is useful to find your way
around, one example could be a type of maze and learning how
to find your way around.(Kalat, 2013)
9
PTSD Effects on Memory Case Study
8. Veltmeyer M, McFarlane A, Bryant R, Mayo T, Gordon E, Clark
C. Integrative assessment of brain function in PTSD: brain
stability and working memory. Journal Of Integrative
Neuroscience [serial online]. March 2006;5(1):123-138.
Available from: MEDLINE Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed
June 4, 2015.
http://www.gracepointwellness.org/109-post-traumatic-stress-
disorder/article/27967-memory-reconsolidation-and-treatment-
for-post-traumatic-stress-ptsd/Image
10
Addiction:
Relating Learning and Memory to the Process of Powerlessness
What happens when we remember too much or too powerfully?
In recent years, researchers and mental health professionals
have worked to understand and treat the causes of addiction.
There is a new view on the process of addiction, which is
strongly based in how people learn and retain memories. The
American Journal of Psychology suggests that there is a,
“…compelling case for a “pathological learning” model of
addiction that is consistent with long-standing observations
about the behavior of addicted people.” (Hyman, 2005).
Addiction is a serious disorder that effects millions of people
all over the world. Originally it was believed, by professionals,
that the basis of addiction rested on the idea that levels of
certain chemicals in the brain were “off”. That is only one part
of the process of most mental illness. In recent years,
researchers and mental health professionals have reevaluated
their theories and suggest that addiction is a disease based in
9. learning and memory. From the beginning, humans have learned
that by doing certain things and acting a certain ways can result
in some sort of reward. The use of substances and acting on
certain impulses can produce the same short-term reward effect.
As this idea grows, many people suffering from addiction have
been able to recover through programs and therapies designed to
help them re-learn, but this time in a positive manner.
Hyman, S. (n.d.). Addiction: A Disease of Learning and
Memory. Retrieved June 5, 2015, from
http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1
414
[addiction definition photograph]. Retrieved from:
http://www.lifefocus.tv/addictions/
11
Addiction:
The Reward System
Drugs, alcohol, gambling, and feelings of sexual satisfaction
may not all seem like rewards, but the humans natural desire to
seek out what makes us feel “good”, says that they can be.
Addictive drugs and other substances can mimic satisfaction
similar to other positive and natural rewards in intended natural
life.
An addict may say to themselves:
Learned Behaviors: “If I use this drug, drink this alcohol, or
gamble this money, I will feel good for a matter of time.”
The Memories Involvement: “When I took these drugs, drank
that alcohol, and gambled that money, it made me feel good for
a matter of time.”
The rewarding properties of these substances and behaviors
depend on their ability to increase dopamine. It is in this
process that we find that the brain remembers and learns that if
we follow through with an act, that we can feel this desired
sensation. (Hyman, 2005).
10. The process of learning comes in many forms such as what we
see, what we hear, and what experiences stick with us. Through
these learning processes people develop memories related to
what they have learned. In addiction, when a person uses a
substance, or certain actions, to forget turmoil, deal with stress,
or to combat low self-esteem, what they are actually doing is
learning and developing memories. Unknown to them, these
learned behaviors and memories will make it twice as difficult
to stop the addiction process later on. This is why many people
suffering with addiction must “hit their rock bottom” in order to
receive help. Addiction effects people differently, but the
process of recovery is the same by re-learning and working
through those tough memories.
Hyman, S. (n.d.). Addiction: A Disease of Learning and
Memory. Retrieved June 5, 2015, from
http://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/full/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.8.1
414
[risk and reward sign image]. Retrieved from:
www.realestateinsidermag.com
12
Case Studies on Addiction and Recovery
“I just wanted the memories to go away…” – Recovering Addict
(ADS, 2014).
Most case studies of this nature rely on the observation of the
researcher and the personal revelations of the addict.
In a recent study Terry Robinson and Kent Berridge state their,
“…critical analysis of the major theoretical explanations of how
drug-induced alterations in psychological function might cause
a transition into addiction…(including) the traditional hedonic
view that drug pleasure and subsequent unpleasant withdrawal
symptoms are the chief cause of addiction.”
11. (Terry and Berridge, 2003).
Treatment Options
Addicts who wish to begin recovery are mostly successful in
programs such as twelve-step self-help groups. (Moos and
Timko, 2008).
Twelve-Step recovery groups require a change in thought
processes and taking responsibility for ones actions. It is in this
way that the addict can learn a new way of life.
An addict who also undergoes psychiatric therapy while in
recovery groups is less likely to relapse.
Anonymous support groups have been proven to help addicts
move past their destructive, learned behaviors and into a better
way of life.
A case study on addiction by Terry Robinson and Kent Berridge
sheds more light onto how learning and memory play key roles
in the process of addiction. Essentially, what they suggest is
that the basis of addition lies in learning that when a person
uses, they feel better, and when they go through withdrawl, they
must use again to regain that feeling the substance caused. It is
in this way that people who are attempting to recovery from
addiction become frightened. They ask themselves what life
may look like without that behavior or drug and wonder if it is
worth the pain to conquer their addiction. The good news is that
there are many treatment options for those suffering from
addiction. The most popular and successful of these treatments
is twelve-step and cognitive behavior therapies. Twelve-step
has been known to work for those who put the effort into
acquiring the tools to help them. A common saying in these
groups is, “Keep coming back, it works if you work it, so work
it you’re worth it,”
Moos, R., & Timko, C. (2008). Outcome research on twelve-
step and other self-help programs. In M. Galanter, & H. O.
12. Kleber (Eds.), Textbook ofsubstance abuse treatment (4th ed.
pp. 511-521). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
Robinson, T. E., & Berridge, K. C. (2003). Addiction. Annual
Review of Psychology, 54, 25-53. Retrieved from
http://search.proquest.com/docview/205819384?accountid=458
Case Studies. (2014, August 11). Retrieved June 5, 2015, from
http://www.ads-uk.org/caseList.php
13
PTSD Effects on Memory Case Study
Subject
55 Year old Male
4 month history of depressed mood
2 prominent intrusive thoughts daily
Effects
Memory intrusion and lack of concentration
Social and Occupational functioning
Depressed mood
Working memory disruptions
Mr. L presented with a recent history of a break-up with two
daily intrusive thoughts. One was an argument prior to the
ending of the relationship and one was before the ending of the
relationship. These intrusive thoughts were creating stress,
depressed mood, lack of concentration and anxiety related to the
thoughts and depressed mood. The intrusive thoughts along
with the secondary symptoms were causing disruption to his
daily life and occupation. Mr. L. decided to seek treatment.
Veltmeyer M, McFarlane A, Bryant R, Mayo T, Gordon E, Clark
C. Integrative assessment of brain function in PTSD: brain
stability and working memory. Journal Of Integrative
Neuroscience [serial online]. March 2006;5(1):123-138.
Available from: MEDLINE Complete, Ipswich, MA. Accessed
June 4, 2015.
13. http://www.gracepointwellness.org/109-post-traumatic-stress-
disorder/article/27967-memory-reconsolidation-and-treatment-
for-post-traumatic-stress-ptsd/Image
Kandris E, Moulds M. Can Imaginal Exposure Reduce Intrusive
Memories in Depression? A Case Study. Cognitive Behaviour
Therapy [serial online]. December 2008;37(4):216-220.
Available from: Academic Search Complete, Ipswich, MA.
Accessed June 4, 2015.
14
Assessment and Treatment
PTSD Effects on Memory Case Study
Assessment
Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV
Self-report questionnaire
Conducted by a clinical psychologist
Diagnosis
MDE (Major Depressive Episode)
With anxiety/stress related issues
Manifesting with memory and functional obstruction
Creating PTSD (post traumatic disorder) from the life
experience
Treatment-IE (Imaginal Exposure)
90 minute sessions 2x weekly appointments to re-enact the
events with the therapist
Daily home re-enactment of the events
Outcome – 6 months
No longer had MDE symptoms
Anxiety reduced significantly
Thoughts were no longer intrusive
Thoughts no long negatively effecting social or occupational
functioning
14. Mr L. was given as assessment where her met the DSM-IV
clinical requirements for MDE (Major Depressive Episode). No
medications were used in his treatment. The hypothesis was
that the sensory feature of his memory was malfunctioning
causing related depressive mood, anxiety and daily dysfunction
in normal activities. IE (Imaginal Exposure) was used to force
the brain to relive the experience, work out the unresolved
details and the over exposure to the sensory system took away
the anxiety. Instead of trying to suppress the memories Mr L.
was asked to face them, relive them and therefore resolve them.
The brain learned how to cope with the traumatic life event.
Again we see how learning and memory are closely related. In
some cases we need to assist the brain in learning to cope with
stressors, especially traumatic stressors. In this case the
sensory overload created a malfunction in the sensory memory
system and the images and event continued to replay. Through
IE treatment the brain learned to resolve the sensory issue and
return to normal functioning. In addition, Mr. L. learned how to
handle future negative life events.
Kandris E, Moulds M. Can Imaginal Exposure Reduce Intrusive
Memories in Depression? A Case Study. Cognitive Behaviour
Therapy [serial online]. December 2008;37(4):216-220.
Available from: Academic Search Complete, Ipswich, MA.
Accessed June 4, 2015.
http://www.gracepointwellness.org/109-post-traumatic-stress-
disorder/article/27967-memory-reconsolidation-and-treatment-
for-post-traumatic-stress-ptsd/ Image/PTSD Case Study
http://www.minddisorders.com/Del-Fi/Exposure-
treatment.html/Image
15
Conclusion
We’ve explored several case studies and learned how
memory and learning are irreversibly linked. We’ve discussed
15. different areas of the brain that contribute to memory, memory
loss, permanent injury and alternative treatments to overcome
loss. The one thing we know for sure is that very specific areas
of the brain effect very specific parts of our memory. We do
not lose our memory completely, we lose portions of our
memory and therefore ourselves, our history and our futures.
There is always hope. We are learning each day through
modern technology how to identify the areas affected and come
up with new and creative ways to overcome or workaround the
challenges of memory loss. We are also starting to understand
how we learn.
How we learn affects how we educate, rear our children,
train individuals for new jobs and retain our cognitive abilities
as we age. The impact and implications of memory and learning
are at the core of how we evolve as a species.
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http://www.gracepointwellness.org/109-post-traumatic-stress-
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